A double-stage roof beam hydraulic support with super large mining height

Abstract

The application provides a double-stage roof beam hydraulic support with super large mining height, and relates to the technical field of mining. The double-stage roof beam hydraulic support comprises a main roof beam, wherein the main roof beam is internally provided with a first-stage telescopic roof beam capable of extending along the length direction of the main roof beam; the first-stage telescopic roof beam is provided with a first guide pair at the connection position with the main roof beam; the main roof beam is internally provided with a first telescopic driving element for driving the first guide pair to drive the first-stage telescopic roof beam to telescopically move relative to the main roof beam; the first-stage telescopic roof beam is internally provided with a second-stage telescopic roof beam capable of extending along the length direction of the first-stage telescopic roof beam; the second-stage telescopic roof beam is provided with a second guide pair at the connection position with the first-stage telescopic roof beam; the first-stage telescopic roof beam is internally provided with a second telescopic driving element; and the main roof beam and the first-stage telescopic roof beam and the first-stage telescopic roof beam and the second-stage telescopic roof beam are all provided with locking mechanisms. The double-stage roof beam hydraulic support has reasonable structure, good stable bearing effect, good effects of preventing lateral deflection, bending and torsion, and working position retraction drift.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining technology, and specifically to a double-stage hydraulic support for ultra-high mining depth. Background Technology

[0002] In modern efficient coal mining systems, longwall fully mechanized mining has become the main technical route for mining thick and extra-thick coal seams. The coal mining machine cuts the coal body, the scraper conveyor transports the coal flow, and the hydraulic supports directly determine the roof control effect and the safety of the working space. Especially in high-extraction fully mechanized mining faces, each advance of the coal mining machine creates new exposed spaces in front of the coal face and below the roof. If the hydraulic supports cannot provide effective support in time, problems such as roof delamination, subsidence, localized collapse, and coal face spalling will quickly emerge. As the mining height increases from the conventional level to 5m, 6m, or even higher, this risk is further amplified because the exposed roof area increases, the support space becomes higher, and localized surrounding rock activity becomes more intense. The stress environment faced by traditional roof beam structures under high-space conditions is significantly different from that of medium-extraction mining conditions, necessitating the use of ultra-high-extraction hydraulic supports.

[0003] In existing technologies, the top beams of hydraulic supports for ultra-high mining heights are mostly of fixed length or ordinary telescopic form. While ordinary telescopic top beams can extend, they focus on position adjustment and have limited extension distance. They mainly rely on cylinder positioning or simple cooperative structures to maintain the working position, lacking a clear guiding pressure path and a reliable mechanical locking foundation. This fails to effectively solve the problem of stable load-bearing under complex working conditions such as high load and off-center load after the top beam is extended, and is prone to lateral sway, bending and twisting, and working position retraction and drift. Increasing the single-stage telescopic stroke will also amplify the bending moment and off-center load, leading to instability. There is an urgent need for a double-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining heights to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a dual-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining heights, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section. The present invention has a reasonable structure, good stable load-bearing effect, and good anti-lateral sway, bending and torsion, and working position retraction and drift effects.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a double-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining heights, comprising:

[0006] The main top beam and the support adjustment assembly are provided at the bottom of the main top beam and are used to drive the main top beam to lift and tighten the support of the coal seam roof.

[0007] The main top beam is equipped with a first-stage telescopic top beam that can extend along its length.

[0008] A first guide pair is provided at the connection between the primary telescopic top beam and the main top beam. The first guide pair is used to guide the primary telescopic top beam and bear the lateral load.

[0009] The main top beam is provided with a first telescopic drive component, which is used to drive the first guide pair to move the first-stage telescopic top beam relative to the main top beam.

[0010] The primary telescopic top beam is internally provided with a secondary telescopic top beam that can extend along its length.

[0011] A second guide pair is provided at the connection between the secondary telescopic top beam and the primary telescopic top beam. The second guide pair is used to guide the secondary telescopic top beam and bear the lateral load.

[0012] The first-stage telescopic top beam is provided with a second telescopic drive component, which is used to drive the second guide pair to move the second-stage telescopic top beam relative to the first-stage telescopic top beam.

[0013] Locking mechanisms are provided between the main top beam and the first-level telescopic top beam, and between the first-level telescopic top beam and the second-level telescopic top beam.

[0014] Furthermore, the first guide pair includes a first guide seat disposed inside the main top beam, a first guide plate disposed inside the first guide seat, the first guide plate being connected to the first-stage telescopic top beam, the first telescopic drive member being located inside the first guide seat, the telescopic shaft of the first telescopic drive member being connected to the first guide plate, and the tail of the first telescopic drive member being connected to the main top beam.

[0015] The second guide pair includes a second guide seat disposed inside the first-stage telescopic top beam, a second guide plate disposed inside the second guide seat, the second guide plate being connected to the second-stage telescopic top beam, the second telescopic drive member being located inside the second guide seat, the telescopic shaft of the second telescopic drive member being connected to the second guide plate, and the tail of the second telescopic drive member being connected to the first-stage telescopic top beam.

[0016] Furthermore, both the side wall of the main top beam and the side wall of the first-stage telescopic top beam are provided with limit blocks, and the limit blocks are connected to the first guide seat or the second guide seat;

[0017] The side wall of the limiting block is provided with a through groove, which matches the side wall of the first-stage telescopic top beam or the second-stage telescopic top beam. The limiting block is used to limit the first guide plate or the second guide plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a plurality of first arc-shaped grooves formed on the side wall of the primary telescopic top beam near the first guide seat or the side wall of the secondary telescopic top beam near the second guide seat. A second arc-shaped groove is formed on the inner wall of the first guide seat near the primary telescopic top beam or the inner wall of the second guide seat near the secondary telescopic top beam. When the first arc-shaped grooves and the second arc-shaped grooves are aligned and engaged, they form a locking cavity. A locking rod inserted into the locking cavity is provided through the side wall of the main top beam or the primary telescopic top beam.

[0019] Furthermore, the locking rod includes a U-shaped insert rod disposed on the side wall of the main top beam or the first-stage telescopic top beam and inserted into the locking cavity. The end of the U-shaped insert rod matches the locking cavity. The side wall of the U-shaped insert rod is provided with a positioning plate that fits against one side of the main top beam or the first-stage telescopic top beam. The end of the U-shaped insert rod penetrates through the side wall of the main top beam or the first-stage telescopic top beam. The other side of the main top beam or the other side of the first-stage telescopic top beam is provided with a connecting plate that connects to the end of the U-shaped insert rod. A locking bolt is provided at the connection between the connecting plate and the end of the U-shaped insert rod.

[0020] Furthermore, both the first telescopic drive component and the second telescopic drive component are hydraulic cylinders.

[0021] Furthermore, a connector is provided on the side of the secondary telescopic top beam away from the primary telescopic top beam. A side guard plate that contacts the coal wall is rotatably provided on the connector. An adjusting cylinder is provided between the side guard plate and the secondary telescopic top beam. The tail of the adjusting cylinder is rotatably connected to the side guard plate. The telescopic shaft of the adjusting cylinder is rotatably connected to the bottom of the secondary telescopic top beam.

[0022] Furthermore, the support adjustment assembly includes a base disposed below the main top beam, with a plurality of columns rotatably disposed on one side of the top of the base and rotatably connected to the main top beam, and a shield beam rotatably disposed on the other side of the top of the base and rotatably connected to the main top beam. Both the columns and the shield beam are hydraulic cylinders.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] This invention uses a first guide pair to guide and constrain the primary telescopic beam and a second guide pair to guide and constrain the secondary telescopic beam, thereby suppressing lateral sway, torsion, and local warping of the primary and secondary telescopic beams under load, preventing deformation, and enhancing the effect of preventing lateral sway, bending, torsion, and working position retraction drift.

[0025] This invention does not merely change the fixed support range of the front of the main beam of the hydraulic support to an adjustable one. Rather, based on the ability to move the support boundary forward, it utilizes a layered guiding structure between the main beam, the first-stage telescopic beam, and the second-stage telescopic beam, along with a locking mechanism near the main force path, to allow the front-end load to be transmitted step-by-step along the path of "second-stage telescopic beam - first-stage telescopic beam - main beam - column in the support adjustment assembly." This allows the extended double-stage telescopic beams to participate in the actual load-bearing, rather than primarily relying on the telescopic cylinders. This reduces the dependence on the continuous pressure-holding capacity of the hydraulic system, improves the support stability and load-bearing reliability under prolonged loads, impact mining pressure, and sudden changes in local working conditions, and enhances the stable load-bearing effect.

[0026] This invention, while ensuring stable load-bearing capacity, also considers the adjustment of the support range and the overall operating efficiency of the machine. In cases of poor geological conditions, excessively long exposed roof of the supported coal seam, or coal wall instability, the double-stage roof beams can extend forward in stages to bring the unstable area into the support range. During stable operating conditions or when moving the support structure, each stage of the roof beams can retract sequentially, maintaining a compact front structure. This invention, through its integrated design of staged extension and retraction, guiding load-bearing, mechanical locking, and progressive load transfer, balances support capacity, facilitates widespread application, and possesses good practical value and promising engineering application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a double-stage top beam hydraulic support with an ultra-high mining height according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 According to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 3 According to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-stage top beam hydraulic support with ultra-high mining height according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the side protection plate in contact with the coal wall.

[0032] Figure 5 A perspective view of a locking rod in a double-stage top beam hydraulic support with an ultra-high mining height according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the locking rod in a double-stage top beam hydraulic support with an ultra-high mining height according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7This is a cross-sectional view of a locking rod in a double-stage top beam hydraulic support with an ultra-high mining height, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] The components are as follows: 1. Base; 2. Column; 3. Shield beam; 4. Main top beam; 5. First-stage telescopic top beam; 6. Second-stage telescopic top beam; 7. First telescopic drive component; 8. Second telescopic drive component; 9. First guide pair; 91. First guide seat; 92. First guide plate; 10. Second guide pair; 101. Second guide seat; 102. Second guide plate; 11. Locking mechanism; 111. First arc groove; 112. Second arc groove; 113. Locking cavity; 114. Locking rod; 1141. U-shaped insert rod; 1142. Positioning plate; 1143. Connecting plate; 1144. Locking bolt; 12. Connector; 13. Coal wall; 14. Side protection plate; 15. Adjusting cylinder; 16. Limiting block; 17. Top plate.

[0036] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the embodiments and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments for explanation and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a double-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining height, comprising:

[0040] The main top beam 4 and the support adjustment assembly are provided at the bottom of the main top beam 4 and are used to drive the main top beam 4 to lift and tighten the roof 17 of the coal seam.

[0041] The main top beam 4 is equipped with a first-stage telescopic top beam 5 that can extend along its length.

[0042] A first guide pair 9 is provided at the connection between the first-stage telescopic top beam 5 and the main top beam 4. The first guide pair 9 is used to guide the first-stage telescopic top beam 5 and bear the lateral load.

[0043] The main top beam 4 is equipped with a first telescopic drive component 7, which is used to drive the first guide pair 9 to move the first telescopic top beam 5 telescopically relative to the main top beam 4.

[0044] The primary telescopic top beam 5 is internally equipped with a secondary telescopic top beam 6 that can extend along its length.

[0045] A second guide pair 10 is provided at the connection between the secondary telescopic top beam 6 and the primary telescopic top beam 5. The second guide pair 10 is used to guide the secondary telescopic top beam 6 and bear the lateral load.

[0046] The first-stage telescopic top beam 5 is equipped with a second telescopic drive component 8, which is used to drive the second guide pair 10 to move the second-stage telescopic top beam 6 relative to the first-stage telescopic top beam 5.

[0047] Locking mechanisms 11 are installed between the main roof beam 4 and the primary telescopic roof beam 5, and between the primary telescopic roof beam 5 and the secondary telescopic roof beam 6. This design, by arranging the primary telescopic roof beam 5 and the secondary telescopic roof beam 6 at the front end of the main roof beam 4, allows the primary telescopic roof beam 5 and the secondary telescopic roof beam 6 at the front of the main roof beam 4 to form a forward-movable load-bearing support boundary when necessary. The primary telescopic roof beam 5 is guided and constrained by the first guide pair 9, and the secondary telescopic roof beam 6 is guided and constrained by the second guide pair 10, to suppress lateral sway, torsion, and local warping of the primary telescopic roof beam 5 and the secondary telescopic roof beam 6 under load, preventing deformation and enhancing the effect of preventing lateral sway, bending, torsion, and working position retraction drift. After the primary telescopic roof beam 5 and the secondary telescopic roof beam 6 are extended and locked by the locking mechanisms 11, the roof plate 17 supporting the coal seam acts on the secondary telescopic roof beam 6. The vertical load, the retraction direction component force, and the eccentric moment caused by local uneven contact are first borne by the body of the secondary telescopic top beam 6 and the second guide pair 10 between it and the primary telescopic top beam 5, and then transmitted to the primary telescopic top beam 5 via the locking mechanism 11 on the primary telescopic top beam 5; the primary telescopic top beam 5 then transmits the corresponding load to the primary top beam 4 via the first guide pair 9 between it and the main top beam 4 and the locking mechanism 11 on the main top beam 4; the main top beam 4 finally further transmits the load to the support adjustment assembly, thus forming a step-by-step load-bearing path of "secondary telescopic top beam 6 - primary telescopic top beam 5 - main top beam 4 - support adjustment assembly". Through the above load transmission method, the present invention enables the double-stage telescopic top beam to... Even in its extended state, it still possesses the capacity to support the front end of the roof 17 of the supported coal seam and participates in actual load-bearing as a component of the support system, rather than primarily applying the working load to the telescopic cylinder. This reduces reliance on the continuous pressure-holding capacity of the hydraulic system, improves the support stability and load-bearing reliability under long-term load, impact mine pressure, and sudden changes in local working conditions, and enhances the stable load-bearing effect. The first guide pair 9 and the second guide pair 10 form a pressure-bearing guiding constraint on each level of telescopic roof beam, and the mechanical locking mechanism 11, arranged close to the main force transmission path, shortens the locking force transmission path, so that the extended section can not only cover the front exposed roof 17, but also maintain stability under complex roof contact conditions. With its superior bearing posture and work position stability, it is particularly suitable for working faces with fractured roofs 17 that are non-uniformly connected to the roof and have significant eccentric loads. It is also suitable for working conditions with composite roofs 17 that are fractured, have well-developed bedding, obvious joints and fissures, and a strong tendency to delamination, such as mudstone, fine sandstone, and sandy mudstone interbedded roofs 17, or working faces with softer direct roofs, poor integrity of overlying strata, and prone to fracturing and roof collapse after being affected by mining. In such environments, the front end of the secondary telescopic roof beam 6 does not come into contact with an ideal uniformly distributed vertical load, but rather with concentrated loads, eccentric moments, and retraction force components formed under local non-uniform contact conditions. Even if ordinary telescopic components can extend forward, they are difficult to maintain a stable bearing state after being loaded.

[0048] In addition, the locking mechanism 11 between the primary telescopic roof beam 5, the secondary telescopic roof beam 6, the main roof beam 4 and the primary telescopic roof beam 5, and the locking mechanism 11 between the primary telescopic roof beam 5 and the secondary telescopic roof beam 6 are coordinated. The primary telescopic roof beam 5 and the secondary telescopic roof beam 6 form a double-stage roof beam, which is suitable for constructing a graded roof control process for special working conditions. That is, during the advancement of the working face, different extension states of the double-stage roof beam are selected according to the degree of roof separation 17, the degree of coal wall spalling 13, the length of the exposed roof 17, and the intensity of mine pressure manifestation. Under normal stable operating conditions, the top beams at all levels remain retracted, with only the main top beam 4 undertaking routine support tasks. When entering the section where the unstable tendency of the broken roof 17 or coal wall 13 increases, the first-level telescopic top beam 5 is activated first to push forward, establishing the first-level forward support boundary. If the extension of the first-level telescopic top beam 5 is still insufficient to bring the high-risk area into the control range, the second-level telescopic top beam 6 is further activated to continue extending forward, in order to establish a front bearing support boundary closer to the coal wall 13. After each level of top beam reaches the target position, the corresponding locking mechanism 11 enters the working state, transforming the extended section from an "acting component" to a "bearing component," thereby adapting to the dual requirements of rapid establishment and stable maintenance of the front support boundary under complex surrounding rock conditions. Compared with the ordinary telescopic forward extension scheme, this type of process emphasizes not just the extension length, but the bearing capacity and long-term stability of the working position after extension, thus better reflecting the innovation and engineering applicability of this invention under special operating conditions.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first guide pair 9 includes a first guide seat 91 disposed inside the main top beam 4, a first guide plate 92 disposed inside the first guide seat 91, the first guide plate 92 being connected to the first-stage telescopic top beam 5, a first telescopic drive member 7 being located inside the first guide seat 91, the telescopic shaft of the first telescopic drive member 7 being connected to the first guide plate 92, and the tail of the first telescopic drive member 7 being connected to the main top beam 4.

[0050] The second guide pair 10 includes a second guide seat 101 disposed inside the primary telescopic top beam 5. A second guide plate 102 is disposed inside the second guide seat 101 and connected to the secondary telescopic top beam 6. A second telescopic drive member 8 is located inside the second guide seat 101, with its telescopic shaft connected to the second guide plate 102 and its tail connected to the primary telescopic top beam 5. This design improves the stability of the primary telescopic top beam 5 extending along the length of the main top beam 4 by the sliding of the first guide plate 92 on the inner wall of the first guide seat 91; and improves the stability of the secondary telescopic top beam 6 extending along the length of the primary telescopic top beam 5 by the sliding of the second guide plate 102 on the inner wall of the second guide seat 101. The first guide pair 9 provides guidance and constraint for the primary telescopic top beam 5, and the second guide pair 10 provides guidance and constraint for the secondary telescopic top beam 6, inhibiting the extension of the primary telescopic top beam 5 and the secondary telescopic top beam 6. Under load, beam 6 exhibits lateral sway, torsion, and local warping to prevent deformation and enhance the anti-lateral sway, bending, torsion, and working position retraction drift effects. The first guide seat 91 and the second guide seat 101 are both hollow square grooves, and the first guide plate 92 and the second guide plate 102 are both square-shaped plates that match the corresponding square grooves. These provide guidance and constraint for the primary telescopic beam 5 and the secondary telescopic beam 6, restricting their axial movement and sway, thus improving guidance stability.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Limiting blocks 16 are provided on the side walls of the main top beam 4 and the side walls of the first-stage telescopic top beam 5. The limiting blocks 16 are connected to the first guide seat 91 or the second guide seat 101.

[0052] The limiting block 16 has a through groove on its side wall, which matches the side wall of the primary telescopic beam 5 or the secondary telescopic beam 6. The limiting block 16 is used to limit the first guide plate 92 or the second guide plate 102. This design uses the limiting block 16 to limit the first guide plate 92 or the second guide plate 102, preventing the first guide plate 92 from disengaging from the first guide seat 91 or the second guide plate 102 from disengaging from the second guide seat 101. The through groove facilitates the guiding and telescopic movement of the primary telescopic beam 5 or the secondary telescopic beam 6.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The locking mechanism 11 includes a plurality of first arc-shaped grooves 111 formed on the side wall of the first telescopic top beam 5 near the first guide seat 91 or the side wall of the second telescopic top beam 6 near the second guide seat 101. A second arc-shaped groove 112 is formed on the inner wall of the first guide seat 91 near the first telescopic top beam 5 or the inner wall of the second guide seat 101 near the second telescopic top beam 6. When the first arc-shaped grooves 111 and the second arc-shaped grooves 112 are aligned and engaged, they form a locking cavity 113. A locking rod 114 is provided through the side wall of the main top beam 4 or the first telescopic top beam 5 and inserted into the locking cavity 113. This design utilizes the alignment and engagement of the second arc-shaped groove 112 with the first arc-shaped groove 111 to form a locking cavity 113. Multiple first arc-shaped grooves 111 are provided, and their engagement with the locking rod 114 and the locking cavity 113 allows for adjustment, extension, and locking of the primary telescopic beam 5 and the secondary telescopic beam 6. The primary telescopic beam 5 has multiple first arc-shaped grooves 111 near the side wall of the first guide seat 91, or the secondary telescopic beam 6 has multiple first arc-shaped grooves 111 near the side wall of the second guide seat 101. These first arc-shaped grooves 111 are symmetrically arranged... On the opposite side walls of the primary telescopic top beam 5 or the opposite side walls of the secondary telescopic top beam 6; a second arc-shaped groove 112 is provided on the inner wall of the first guide seat 91 near the primary telescopic top beam 5 or the inner wall of the second guide seat 101 near the secondary telescopic top beam 6. The second arc-shaped groove 112 is symmetrically provided on the opposite side inner walls of the first guide seat 91 or the opposite side inner walls of the second guide seat 101. Since the first arc-shaped groove 111 and the second arc-shaped groove 112 are symmetrically arranged, the locking cavity 113 is symmetrically enclosed and formed.

[0054] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7The locking rod 114 includes a U-shaped insert rod 1141 disposed on the side wall of the main top beam 4 or the first-stage telescopic top beam 5 and inserted into the locking cavity 113. The end of the U-shaped insert rod 1141 matches the locking cavity 113. The side wall of the U-shaped insert rod 1141 is provided with a positioning plate 1142 that fits against one side of the main top beam 4 or the first-stage telescopic top beam 5. The end of the U-shaped insert rod 1141 penetrates the side wall of the main top beam 4 or the first-stage telescopic top beam 5. The other side of the main top beam 4 or the other side of the first-stage telescopic top beam 5 is provided with a connecting plate 1143 that connects to the end of the U-shaped insert rod 1141. A locking bolt 1144 is provided at the connection between the connecting plate 1143 and the end of the U-shaped insert rod 1141. This design uses the two ends of a U-shaped insert rod 1141 to insert into the symmetrically enclosed locking cavity 113, which can simultaneously lock the symmetrically enclosed locking cavity 113, facilitating the stopping of the adjusted position. The positioning plate 1142 on the U-shaped insert rod 1141 is attached to one side of the main top beam 4 or one side of the first-stage telescopic top beam 5. The two ends of the U-shaped insert rod 1141 pass through the main top beam 4 or the first-stage telescopic top beam 5 and connect to the connecting plate 1143. The connecting plate 1143 is connected to the other side of the main top beam 4 or the first-stage telescopic top beam 5. The other side of the telescopic top beam 5 is attached, and finally the U-shaped plug rod 1141 and the connecting plate 1143 are fixed together by the locking bolt 1144. With the positioning plate 1142 and the connecting plate 1143 attached and fixed to the side wall of the main top beam 4 or the side wall of the first-stage telescopic top beam 5, the reliability of the locking rod 114 in stopping the adjusted position is further improved. The locking bolt 1144 can be a wing bolt, which facilitates the connection and fixation between the U-shaped plug rod 1141 and the connecting plate 1143, and facilitates disassembly and assembly.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 Both the first telescopic drive component 7 and the second telescopic drive component 8 are hydraulic cylinders.

[0056] Reference Figure 4 A connector 12 is provided on the side of the secondary telescopic roof beam 6 away from the primary telescopic roof beam 5. A side guard plate 14, which rotatably contacts the coal wall 13, is rotatably mounted on the connector 12. An adjusting cylinder 15 is provided between the side guard plate 14 and the secondary telescopic roof beam 6. The tail of the adjusting cylinder 15 is rotatably connected to the connection point of the side guard plate 14, and the telescopic shaft of the adjusting cylinder 15 is rotatably connected to the bottom connection point of the secondary telescopic roof beam 6. This design allows the adjusting cylinder 15 to easily drive the side guard plate 14 to contact and fit against the coal wall 13.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4The support adjustment assembly includes a base 1 located below the main top beam 4. Multiple columns 2 rotatably connected to the main top beam 4 are rotatably mounted on one side of the top of the base 1. A shield beam 3 rotatably connected to the main top beam 4 is rotatably mounted on the other side of the top of the base 1. Both the columns 2 and the shield beam 3 are hydraulic cylinders. This design transfers the corresponding load to the main top beam 4; the main top beam 4 then further transfers the load to the column 2 and the base 1, thus forming a progressive load-bearing path of "secondary telescopic top beam 6 - primary telescopic top beam 5 - main top beam 4 - column 2". Through the above load transfer method, this invention enables the double-stage telescopic top beam to still have the ability to support the front end of the roof 17 of the coal seam when it is extended, and participates in the actual load-bearing as a component of the support system, instead of applying the working load mainly to the telescopic cylinder. This reduces the dependence on the continuous pressure holding capacity of the hydraulic system and improves the support stability and load-bearing reliability of the support under long-term load, impact mine pressure and sudden changes in local working conditions. By moving the hydraulic support to the roof 17 that needs to be supported, adjusting the position of the main top beam 4, and activating the shield beam 3 and the column 2, the main top beam 4 is pushed to the roof 17 of the coal seam for support.

[0058] Reference Figures 1-7 As an embodiment of the present invention: when it is necessary to adjust the first telescopic top beam 5, the first guide plate 92 in the first guide pair 9 slides along the inner wall of the first guide seat 91 through the operation of the first telescopic drive member 7. The movement of the first guide plate 92 causes the first telescopic top beam 5 to extend and retract. When it extends and retracts to the appropriate position, the locking rod 114 is inserted into the locking cavity 113 to lock the extension and retraction position.

[0059] When the secondary telescopic top beam 6 needs to be adjusted, the second telescopic drive component 8 drives the second guide plate 102 in the second guide pair 10 to slide along the inner wall of the second guide seat 101. The movement of the second guide plate 102 drives the secondary telescopic top beam 6 to extend and retract. When it extends and retracts to the appropriate position, the locking rod 114 is inserted into the locking cavity 113 to lock the extension and retraction position. Under the guiding and constraining effect of the first guide pair 9 on the primary telescopic top beam 5 and the second guide pair 10 on the secondary telescopic top beam 6, the lateral sway, torsion and local warping of the primary telescopic top beam 5 and the secondary telescopic top beam 6 under load are suppressed, deformation is prevented, and the effect of preventing lateral sway, bending and torsion and working position retraction drift is enhanced.

[0060] The roof 17 supporting the coal seam acts on the vertical load, the retraction component force, and the eccentric moment caused by local uneven contact of the secondary telescopic roof beam 6, forming a step-by-step load-bearing path of "secondary telescopic roof beam 6 - primary telescopic roof beam 5 - main roof beam 4 - support adjustment assembly". Through the above load transfer method, the present invention enables the double-stage telescopic roof beam to still have the ability to support the front end of the roof 17 supporting the coal seam when it is extended, and participates in the actual load-bearing as a component of the support system, instead of applying the working load mainly to the telescopic cylinder. This reduces the dependence on the continuous pressure holding capacity of the hydraulic system, improves the support stability and load-bearing reliability of the support under long-term load, impact mine pressure and local sudden changes in working conditions, and enhances the stable load-bearing effect.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0062] The embodiments have been described above, and such description is not restrictive. The figures shown are only one embodiment, and the actual structure is not limited to this. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this description and designs a similar structure and embodiment without departing from the inventive spirit, such design should fall within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A double-stage hydraulic support for ultra-high mining height, comprising: The main top beam (4) and the support adjustment assembly are provided at the bottom of the main top beam (4) and are used to drive the main top beam (4) to lift and tighten the roof (17) of the coal seam. Its features are: The main top beam (4) is provided with a first-level telescopic top beam (5) that can extend along its length. A first guide pair (9) is provided at the connection between the first-stage telescopic top beam (5) and the main top beam (4). The first guide pair (9) is used to guide the first-stage telescopic top beam (5) and bear the lateral load. The main top beam (4) is provided with a first telescopic drive component (7), which is used to drive the first guide pair (9) to move the first-stage telescopic top beam (5) relative to the main top beam (4). The primary telescopic top beam (5) is internally provided with a secondary telescopic top beam (6) that can extend along its length. A second guide pair (10) is provided at the connection between the secondary telescopic top beam (6) and the primary telescopic top beam (5). The second guide pair (10) is used to guide the secondary telescopic top beam (6) and bear the lateral load. The first-stage telescopic top beam (5) is provided with a second telescopic drive component (8), which is used to drive the second guide pair (10) to move the second-stage telescopic top beam (6) relative to the first-stage telescopic top beam (5). Locking mechanisms (11) are provided between the main top beam (4) and the first-level telescopic top beam (5), and between the first-level telescopic top beam (5) and the second-level telescopic top beam (6).

2. The double-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining height according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide pair (9) includes a first guide seat (91) disposed inside the main top beam (4), a first guide plate (92) disposed inside the first guide seat (91), the first guide plate (92) being connected to the first-stage telescopic top beam (5), the first telescopic drive member (7) being located inside the first guide seat (91), the telescopic shaft of the first telescopic drive member (7) being connected to the first guide plate (92), and the tail of the first telescopic drive member (7) being connected to the main top beam (4); The second guide pair (10) includes a second guide seat (101) disposed inside the first-stage telescopic top beam (5), a second guide plate (102) disposed inside the second guide seat (101), the second guide plate (102) being connected to the second-stage telescopic top beam (6), the second telescopic drive member (8) being located inside the second guide seat (101), the telescopic shaft of the second telescopic drive member (8) being connected to the second guide plate (102), and the tail of the second telescopic drive member (8) being connected to the first-stage telescopic top beam (5).

3. The double-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining height according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the side wall of the main top beam (4) and the side wall of the first-stage telescopic top beam (5) are provided with limit blocks (16), and the limit blocks (16) are connected to the first guide seat (91) or the second guide seat (101); The limiting block (16) has a through groove on its side wall, which matches the side wall of the first-level telescopic top beam (5) or the second-level telescopic top beam (6). The limiting block (16) is used to limit the first guide plate (92) or the second guide plate (102).

4. The double-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining height according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking mechanism (11) includes a plurality of first arc-shaped grooves (111) formed on the side wall of the first telescopic top beam (5) near the first guide seat (91) or the side wall of the second telescopic top beam (6) near the second guide seat (101). A second arc-shaped groove (112) is formed on the inner wall of the first guide seat (91) near the first telescopic top beam (5) or the inner wall of the second guide seat (101) near the second telescopic top beam (6). When the first arc-shaped groove (111) and the second arc-shaped groove (112) are aligned and engaged, they enclose a locking cavity (113). A locking rod (114) is provided through the side wall of the main top beam (4) or the first telescopic top beam (5) and inserted into the locking cavity (113).

5. The double-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining height according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking rod (114) includes a U-shaped insert (1141) disposed on the side wall of the main top beam (4) or the first-stage telescopic top beam (5) and inserted into the locking cavity (113). The end of the U-shaped insert (1141) matches the locking cavity (113). The side wall of the U-shaped insert (1141) is provided with a positioning plate (1142) that fits against one side of the main top beam (4) or the first-stage telescopic top beam (5). The end of the U-shaped insert (1141) penetrates the side wall of the main top beam (4) or the first-stage telescopic top beam (5). The other side of the main top beam (4) or the other side of the first-stage telescopic top beam (5) is provided with a connecting plate (1143) that connects to the end of the U-shaped insert (1141). A locking bolt (1144) is provided at the connection between the connecting plate (1143) and the end of the U-shaped insert (1141).

6. The double-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining height according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first telescopic drive component (7) and the second telescopic drive component (8) are hydraulic cylinders.

7. The double-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining height according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connector (12) is provided on the side of the secondary telescopic top beam (6) away from the primary telescopic top beam (5). A side guard plate (14) that contacts the coal wall (13) is rotatably provided on the connector (12). An adjusting cylinder (15) is provided between the side guard plate (14) and the secondary telescopic top beam (6). The tail of the adjusting cylinder (15) is rotatably connected to the side guard plate (14). The telescopic shaft of the adjusting cylinder (15) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the secondary telescopic top beam (6).

8. The double-stage top beam hydraulic support for ultra-high mining height according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support adjustment assembly includes a base (1) disposed below the main top beam (4). On one side of the top of the base (1), a plurality of columns (2) are rotatably connected to the main top beam (4). On the other side of the top of the base (1), a shield beam (3) is rotatably connected to the main top beam (4). Both the columns (2) and the shield beam (3) are hydraulic cylinders.

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