Hydraulic support for gob-side entry retaining
By designing a hydraulic support for retaining rock along the goaf, and using components such as hydraulic support units and rock-retaining mechanisms, the problem of cumbersome flexible formwork erection and adaptation in the construction of filling walls by existing supports has been solved. This has enabled efficient and flexible movement of the supports and high-quality forming of the filling walls, thereby reducing construction costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANXI LUAN COAL TECH EQUIP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
Smart Images
Figure CN122190805A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic support for rock retaining, and specifically relates to a hydraulic support for rock retaining along the goaf. Background Technology
[0002] Gob-side retention technology is one of the key technologies for achieving efficient coal resource recovery, reducing roadway excavation, and lowering mining costs. It is widely used in the mining of thick coal seams and high-gas coal seams both domestically and internationally. In gob-side retention construction, the coordinated operation of rock-blocking supports and backfill walls is the core link in controlling rockfall in the goaf, maintaining the stability of the surrounding rock in the roadway, and forming a continuous support structure. Currently, the mainstream equipment used in gob-side retention projects both domestically and internationally mainly includes concrete backfill formwork supports, high-water-content material backfill formwork supports, and drag-type goaf rock-blocking supports. Although these equipment achieve rock-blocking and backfilling functions to a certain extent, their operation modes and supporting methods have significant technical bottlenecks in actual construction, which seriously restrict the efficiency and adaptability of gob-side retention construction.
[0003] In existing technologies, both concrete filling formwork supports and high-moisture material filling formwork supports must be strictly used in conjunction with the corresponding end supports. During construction, the end supports, as the core driving unit, must drag the retaining wall support forward synchronously. This results in the retaining wall support's movement being entirely dependent on the displacement of the end supports, lacking independent self-movement capability. This "end support dragging" matching mode not only increases the complexity of equipment linkage but also causes a series of operational difficulties during the filling wall construction phase. Because the retaining wall support cannot accurately align itself... During the construction of the filling wall, problems such as positional deviation and angular misalignment are prone to occur between the support and the filling wall, which directly makes the fitting of the flexible mold to the filling wall cumbersome and inconvenient. As the key carrier for forming the filling wall, the installation accuracy of the flexible mold directly affects the forming quality and sealing of the filling wall. However, traditional supports are constrained by the dragging trajectory of the end supports, making it difficult to quickly and accurately adjust to the ideal position to fit the filling wall. This results in defects such as large gaps, difficult alignment, and long debugging time in the connection between the flexible mold and the filling wall, which seriously affects the construction efficiency and filling effect.
[0004] Meanwhile, although the drag-type goaf retaining support has a certain function of retaining rock, its operating logic still does not deviate from the inherent mode of "dragging the end support", and it also suffers from the problem of lack of self-movement capability. When facing different specifications of filling walls and complex roadway geological conditions, this kind of support that relies on external dragging lacks the space for flexible adjustment, which further exacerbates the cumbersomeness of flexible formwork erection and matching with filling walls, and cannot meet the requirements of modern goaf retention construction for high efficiency, precision and flexibility. In addition, the strong binding matching mode of traditional supports and end supports also limits the overall deployment of the working face, increases the equipment matching cost and the difficulty of construction organization. Therefore, this application designs a hydraulic support for goaf retention to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and proposes a hydraulic support for retaining coal along the goaf; to solve the problem that the flexible formwork erection and the adaptation of the filling wall are cumbersome and inconvenient when constructing the filling wall of the existing retaining coal along the goaf.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution.
[0007] A hydraulic support for retaining rock along a goaf roadway includes two sets of hydraulic support units, each set comprising a base, a top beam, a column, a shield beam, and a connecting rod. A rock-blocking mechanism is installed on one set of hydraulic support units. The rock-blocking mechanism includes an extended rock-blocking plate, which is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the top beam. A set of flexible mold support frames is rotatably mounted at both the front and rear ends of the extended rock-blocking plate, with the two sets of flexible mold support frames located at the outer edges of the extended rock-blocking plate. Inside the receiving groove, two sets of flexible mold clamping seats are provided on the flexible mold support frame for clamping the flexible mold bag clamping end; a flexible mold feeding box is fixedly provided on the inner side of the extended baffle plate, the flexible mold feeding box contains the flexible mold bag, a material dropping groove is provided on the side of the flexible mold feeding box near the extended baffle plate, a limiting guide groove is provided on the side wall of the flexible mold feeding box, the clamping end of the flexible mold bag is located inside the limiting guide groove, and the limiting guide groove is correspondingly provided with the flexible mold clamping seat.
[0008] Furthermore, the top beam and base are correspondingly arranged inside the hydraulic support unit. Two columns are set between the top beam and the base. The upper end of the shield beam is hinged to the rear end of the top beam. Two connecting rods are rotatably set at the rear end of the base, and the upper ends of the two connecting rods are hinged to the lower end of the shield beam. A support plate is slidably set at the front end of the top beam, and a second hydraulic strut is set between the support plate and the top beam. A tail beam is rotatably set at the lower end of the shield beam, and a third hydraulic strut is set between the tail beam and the shield beam. Multiple connecting hydraulic telescopic rods are set between the upper end faces of the two bases, and multiple connecting hydraulic telescopic rods are set between the lower end faces of the two top beams. A stepping hydraulic rod is set between the side end faces of the two bases that are close to each other.
[0009] Furthermore, the waste rock blocking mechanism also includes a first waste rock blocking plate, a second waste rock blocking plate, a waste rock blocking side plate, and a first electric telescopic rod; the first waste rock blocking plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the base, the second waste rock blocking plate is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first waste rock blocking plate, the waste rock blocking side plate is slidably installed on the outer side of the second waste rock blocking plate, and the first electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the inner side of the second waste rock blocking plate, with the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner side of the waste rock blocking side plate.
[0010] Furthermore, a protective groove is provided in the middle of the upper end face of the top beam of each of the two sets of hydraulic support units. A second electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner side of the protective groove. A connecting pad is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod, and a protective pad is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the connecting pad.
[0011] Furthermore, an insertion hole is provided at the upper inner end of the extended rock-blocking plate, and a rotating connecting seat is fixedly installed at each of the two openings of the insertion hole; a long connecting rod is rotatably inserted into the insertion hole, with both ends of the long connecting rod extending to the outside of the two openings of the insertion hole and respectively hinged to the two rotating connecting seats; both ends of the long connecting rod are fixedly connected to two flexible mold support frames; a drive motor is fixedly installed inside the extended rock-blocking plate, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the long connecting rod for transmission.
[0012] Furthermore, the flexible mold support frame has an L-shaped structure, including an electric telescopic cylinder, a connecting rotating rod, a sliding sleeve rod, a connecting rotating seat, a slide rail seat, and a sliding block. The electric telescopic cylinder is located on one side of the extended baffle plate. One end of the bottom of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the long connecting rod. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly provided with a connecting rotating seat. The rotating end of the connecting rotating seat is fixedly provided with an L-shaped connecting rotating rod. The end of the connecting rotating rod away from the connecting rotating seat extends to the lower side of the extended baffle plate. A sliding sleeve rod is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the end of the connecting rotating rod away from the connecting rotating seat. A slide rail seat is fixedly provided on the outer side of the cylinder body of the electric telescopic cylinder. A sliding block is slidably provided on the slide rail seat. A first set of flexible mold clamping seats is fixedly provided on the outer side of the sliding block. A second set of flexible mold clamping seats is fixedly provided on the outer side of the sliding sleeve rod away from the connecting rotating rod.
[0013] Furthermore, a limiting guide groove is provided on the front and rear side walls of the flexible mold feeding box, and two symmetrical limiting guide grooves are provided on the bottom plate of the flexible mold feeding box. The end of the limiting guide groove near the extended baffle plate is connected to the dropping groove.
[0014] Furthermore, when both sets of flexible mold support frames are located inside the receiving groove at the outer edge of the extended baffle plate, the four sets of flexible mold clamping seats on the two sets of flexible mold support frames are respectively located at the end of the four limiting guide grooves on the flexible mold feeding box near the dropping groove; each flexible mold bag placed inside the flexible mold feeding box has four clamping ends fixedly installed at the bag opening, and the four clamping ends on the flexible mold bag are respectively located inside the four limiting guide grooves on the flexible mold feeding box.
[0015] Furthermore, each limiting guide chute is rotatably equipped with an electric baffle wheel and an electric gripper wheel at one end near the discharge chute. The electric baffle wheel and the electric gripper wheel are located inside the inner walls of the two sides of the limiting guide chute, with the electric baffle wheel located on the side of the electric gripper wheel away from the discharge chute. A baffle is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the electric baffle wheel, with one baffle extending into the interior of the limiting guide chute. Multiple sets of grippers are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the electric gripper wheel, with one set of grippers extending into the interior of the limiting guide chute. Each set of grippers includes a fixed gripper and a sliding gripper.
[0016] Furthermore, a support plate is slidably installed inside the flexible mold feeding box on the side away from the material discharge chute, and a third electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the side wall of the flexible mold feeding box on the side away from the material discharge chute. The telescopic end of the third electric telescopic rod extends into the flexible mold feeding box and is fixedly connected to the support plate.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: 1. In this invention, through the cooperation of the hydraulic support body and the multi-layer rock-blocking structure, the base, column and top beam constitute the stable support body, the support plate, shield beam and tail beam expand the support range, and the first rock-blocking plate, the second rock-blocking plate and the extended rock-blocking plate form a comprehensive rock-blocking protection, which can effectively support the roadway roof and prevent the rock from falling in the goaf, thereby realizing the function of stable support and comprehensive rock-blocking and anti-smashing; and through the coordination of the flexible mold support frame, the rotating connecting seat and the first electric telescopic rod and the rock-blocking side plate, the flexible mold can be easily erected, the slide rail seat and the flexible mold clamping seat ensure the stable clamping of the flexible mold, and the flexible mold feeding box, electric gripper wheel and electric baffle wheel realize the automated and orderly supply of flexible mold bags, thereby realizing the functions of flexible mold support with flexible adaptation, high degree of automation and convenient and efficient erection.
[0018] 2. In this invention, through the cooperation of the anchor cable protection component and the support moving structure, the protective groove, the protective pad, and the second electric telescopic rod work together to avoid and protect the anchor cables fixed on the top plate, preventing collision damage. The stepping hydraulic rod enables the support to move synchronously, and the position can be adjusted without disassembly, which can effectively improve the adaptability and construction efficiency of the support, thereby achieving the functions of precise anchor cable protection and convenient support movement. Furthermore, through the cooperation of various hydraulic components and the control structure, the second hydraulic strut, the third hydraulic strut, and the connecting hydraulic telescopic rod can flexibly adjust the support angle and the stability of the support. Various electric telescopic rods can precisely control the position of corresponding components, thereby achieving the functions of flexible overall control and stable and reliable operation of the support. Ultimately, this solves the problem of cumbersome and inconvenient flexible formwork erection and compatibility with the filling wall during the construction of existing goaf retaining rock retaining support filling walls. Attached Figure Description
[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the invention in operation; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the present invention and the unfolded flexible molded bag; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the top beam, the extended retaining plate, and the unfolded flexible mold support frame; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the long connecting rod and one of the flexible mold support frames; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second electric telescopic rod, the connecting pad, and the protective pad. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the flexible mold feeding box, the electric baffle wheel, and the limiting guide groove. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the flexible mold feeding box, the support plate, and the third electric telescopic rod. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the folded flexible mold support frame and the flexible mold feeding box; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions between the flexible mold feeding box and its internal flexible mold bag; Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the flexible mold feeding box, the electric baffle wheel, the electric gripper wheel, and the flexible mold bag. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the flexible mold feeding box, the electric baffle wheel, and the electric gripper wheel; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the two bases and the stepping hydraulic rod; Among them, 1 is the base, 2 is the column, 3 is the top beam, 4 is the support plate, 5 is the connecting rod, 6 is the shield beam, 7 is the tail beam, 8 is the first rock-blocking plate, 9 is the rock-blocking side plate, 10 is the extended rock-blocking plate, 11 is the second rock-blocking plate, 12 is the first electric telescopic rod, 13 is the flexible mold support frame, 14 is the connecting hydraulic telescopic rod, 15 is the protective pad, 16 is the connecting rotating rod, 17 is the sliding sleeve rod, 18 is the flexible mold clamping seat, 19 is the connecting rotating seat, and 20 is the connecting rotating seat. 21 is the second hydraulic strut, 22 is the flexible mold feeding box, 23 is the stepping hydraulic rod, 24 is the third hydraulic strut, 25 is the slide rail seat, 26 is the connecting pad, 27 is the second electric telescopic rod, 28 is the electric baffle wheel, 29 is the limiting guide groove, 30 is the support plate, 31 is the third electric telescopic rod, 32 is the electric gripper wheel, 33 is the sliding gripper, 34 is the protective groove, 35 is the rotating connecting seat, 36 is the long connecting rod, and 37 is the electric telescopic cylinder. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solutions of this invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
[0021] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 16, this invention provides a hydraulic support for retaining rock along a goaf, comprising two sets of hydraulic support units, each set including a base 1, a top beam 3, a column 2, a shield beam 6, and a connecting rod 5. A rock-blocking mechanism is provided on one set of hydraulic support units. The rock-blocking mechanism includes an extended rock-blocking plate 10, which is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the top beam 3. A set of flexible mold support frames 13 are rotatably mounted at both ends of the extended rock-blocking plate 10, with the two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 located outside the extended rock-blocking plate 10. Inside the receiving groove at the edge, two sets of flexible mold clamping seats 18 are provided on the flexible mold support frame 13 for clamping the clamping end of the flexible mold bag; a flexible mold feeding box 21 is fixedly provided on the inner side of the extended baffle plate 10, and a flexible mold bag is placed inside the flexible mold feeding box 21. A material dropping groove is provided on the side of the flexible mold feeding box 21 near the extended baffle plate 10. A limiting guide groove 28 is provided on the side wall of the flexible mold feeding box 21. The clamping end of the flexible mold bag is located inside the limiting guide groove 28. The limiting guide groove 28 is correspondingly provided with the flexible mold clamping seat 18.
[0022] Inside the hydraulic support unit, the top beam 3 corresponds to the base 1. Two columns 2 are positioned between the top beam 3 and the base 1, one at the front and one at the back. The upper end of the shield beam 6 is hinged to the rear end of the top beam 3. Two connecting rods 5 are rotatably mounted at the rear end of the base 1, with their upper ends hinged to the lower end of the shield beam 6. A support plate 4 is slidably mounted at the front end of the top beam 3. A second hydraulic strut 20 is positioned between the support plate 4 and the top beam 3, controlling the extension and retraction of the support plate 4 through the extension and retraction of the second hydraulic strut 20. A tail beam 7 is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the shield beam 6. A third hydraulic strut 23 is positioned between the tail beam 7 and the shield beam 6, adjusting the angle of the tail beam 7 through the extension and retraction of the third hydraulic strut 23.
[0023] Multiple connecting hydraulic telescopic rods 14 are provided between the upper surfaces of the two bases 1. Each connecting hydraulic telescopic rod 14 has a rotating seat at both ends, and the two rotating seats are respectively rotatably set at the upper surfaces of the two bases 1.
[0024] Multiple connecting hydraulic telescopic rods 14 are provided between the lower end faces of the two top beams 3. Each connecting hydraulic telescopic rod 14 has a rotating seat at both ends, and the two rotating seats are respectively rotatably set at the lower end faces of the two top beams 3.
[0025] A stepping hydraulic rod 22 is provided between the two bases 1 on their respective close-to-each-side end faces. A support connecting seat is rotatably provided at each end of the stepping hydraulic rod 22. The two support connecting seats are respectively fixedly provided on the two bases 1 on their respective close-to-each-side end faces. The two support connecting seats are distributed front and back. The stepping hydraulic rod 22 is used to control the stepping forward movement of the two sets of hydraulic support units.
[0026] The waste rock blocking mechanism further includes a first waste rock blocking plate 8, a second waste rock blocking plate 11, a waste rock blocking side plate 9, and a first electric telescopic rod 12. A vertical first waste rock blocking plate 8 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the base 1, and a vertical second waste rock blocking plate 11 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the first waste rock blocking plate 8, with the first waste rock blocking plate 8 and the second waste rock blocking plate 11 being flush. A waste rock blocking side plate 9 is slidably installed on the outer side of the second waste rock blocking plate 11, and multiple first electric telescopic rods 12 are fixedly installed on the inner surface of the second waste rock blocking plate 11. The outer shell of the first electric telescopic rod 12 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the second waste rock blocking plate 11, and the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod 12 extends vertically upward and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner surface of the waste rock blocking side plate 9. When the first electric telescopic rod 12 is fully extended, it drives the rock-blocking side plate 9 to move upward to the highest position. At this time, the rock-blocking side plate 9 covers the gap between the extended rock-blocking plate 10 and the second rock-blocking plate 11. When the first electric telescopic rod 12 is fully retracted, it drives the rock-blocking side plate 9 to move downward to the lowest position. At this time, the gap between the extended rock-blocking plate 10 and the second rock-blocking plate 11 is exposed.
[0027] A through-type protective groove 33 is provided in the middle of the upper end face of the top beam 3 of each of the two sets of hydraulic support units. An anchor cable protection assembly is provided inside the protective groove 33. The anchor cable protection assembly includes a second electric telescopic rod 26, a connecting pad 25, and a protective pad 15. The second electric telescopic rod 26 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner side of the protective groove 33, and the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod 26 is vertically upward. The connecting pad 25 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod 26, and the protective pad 15 is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the connecting pad 25. The ends of the connecting pad 25 and the protective pad 15 are provided with anti-collision chamfers.
[0028] The flexible mold support frame 13 has an L-shaped structure and includes an electric telescopic cylinder 36, a connecting rotating rod 16, a sliding sleeve rod 17, a connecting rotating seat 19, a slide rail seat 24, and a sliding block.
[0029] An insertion hole extending from front to back is provided at the upper interior of the extended baffle plate 10. A rotating connecting seat 34 is fixedly installed at each of the two openings of the insertion hole. A long connecting rod 35 is rotatably inserted into the insertion hole, with both ends extending to the outside of the openings and hinged to the two rotating connecting seats 34 respectively. Both ends of the long connecting rod 35 are fixedly connected to two flexible mold support frames 13. A drive motor is fixedly installed inside the extended baffle plate 10, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the long connecting rod 35. The drive motor drives the long connecting rod 35 to rotate, which in turn drives the flexible mold support frames 13 on both sides to rotate synchronously, thereby enabling the flexible mold support frames 13 to unfold and fold.
[0030] The electric telescopic cylinder 36 is located on one side of the extended baffle plate 10. One end of the cylinder bottom of the electric telescopic cylinder 36 is fixedly connected to the end of the long connecting rod 35. A connecting rotating seat 19 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic cylinder 36. An L-shaped connecting rotating rod 16 is fixedly installed at the rotating end of the connecting rotating seat 19. One end of the connecting rotating rod 16 is fixedly connected to the rotating end of the connecting rotating seat 19, and the other end of the connecting rotating rod 16 extends to the lower side of the extended baffle plate 10. The rotation axis of the rotating end of the connecting rotating seat 19 coincides with the center line of the cylinder of the electric telescopic cylinder 36. A sliding sleeve rod 17 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the connecting rotating rod 16 away from the connecting rotating seat 19. A slide rail seat 24 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the cylinder body of the electric telescopic cylinder 36. A sliding block is slidably installed on the slide rail seat 24, and the sliding block slides along the axial direction of the electric telescopic cylinder 36.
[0031] A first set of flexible mold clamping seats 18 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sliding block, and a second set of flexible mold clamping seats 18 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sliding sleeve rod 17 away from the connecting rotating rod 16. When the flexible mold support frame 13 is located inside the receiving groove at the outer edge of the extended baffle plate 10, both sets of flexible mold clamping seats 18 are located on the side of the flexible mold support frame 13 away from the top beam 3.
[0032] The connecting rotatable mount 19 is a conventional motor mount.
[0033] Both the sliding sleeve rod 17 and the slide rail seat 24 are derivative structures of the mining slide rail product structure. Their main bodies are composed of MGN12H mining servo slide rail slider assembly, which is used to control the sliding block and the sliding sleeve rod 17.
[0034] The flexible mold feeding box 21 has a square box structure, and its length is set along the front-to-back direction. A limiting guide groove 28 is provided on each of the front and rear side walls of the flexible mold feeding box 21, and the two limiting guide grooves 28 are symmetrical. Two symmetrical limiting guide grooves 28 are provided on the bottom plate of the flexible mold feeding box 21. All limiting guide grooves 28 extend along the left-to-right direction, and the end of each limiting guide groove 28 near the extending baffle plate 10 is connected to the material drop chute.
[0035] When both sets of flexible mold support frames 13 are located inside the receiving groove at the outer edge of the extended baffle plate 10, the four sets of flexible mold clamping seats 18 on the two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 are respectively located at one end of the four limiting guide grooves 28 on the flexible mold feeding box 21 near the dropping groove.
[0036] The flexible mold feeding box 21 is used to fold and store the flexible mold bags, preventing them from being bumped or contaminated by gangue. Each flexible mold bag placed inside the flexible mold feeding box 21 has four clamping ends fixedly installed at its opening. The four clamping ends on the flexible mold bag are located inside the four limiting guide grooves 28 on the flexible mold feeding box 21. When the flexible mold bag moves inside the flexible mold feeding box 21, the limiting guide grooves 28 guide the clamping ends of the flexible mold bag, ensuring that the flexible mold clamping seat 18 can smoothly clamp the clamping ends of the flexible mold bag later, reducing the positioning time between the flexible mold bag and the flexible mold clamping seat 18, and improving the efficiency of flexible mold setup.
[0037] Each limiting guide groove 28 has an electric baffle wheel 27 and an electric gripper wheel 31 rotatably mounted at one end near the discharge groove. The electric baffle wheel 27 and the electric gripper wheel 31 are located inside the inner walls of both sides of the limiting guide groove 28, with the electric baffle wheel 27 located on the side of the electric gripper wheel 31 away from the discharge groove. A circular array of baffles is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the electric baffle wheel 27, with one baffle extending into the interior of the limiting guide groove 28. Multiple sets of circular array grippers are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the electric gripper wheel 31, with one set of grippers extending into the interior of the limiting guide groove 28. Each set of grippers includes a fixed gripper and a sliding gripper 32, wherein the length of the sliding gripper 32 is greater than the length of the fixed gripper. The sliding gripper 32 slides to cooperate with the fixed gripper to clamp the gripping end of the flexible molded bag.
[0038] A support plate 29 is slidably disposed inside the flexible mold feeding box 21 on the side away from the material discharge chute. A third electric telescopic rod 30 is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the flexible mold feeding box 21 on the side away from the material discharge chute. The telescopic end of the third electric telescopic rod 30 extends into the flexible mold feeding box 21 and is fixedly connected to the support plate 29. By controlling the extension of the third electric telescopic rod 30, the support plate 29 is moved towards the material discharge chute side of the flexible mold feeding box 21, thereby pushing the flexible mold bag inside the flexible mold feeding box 21 towards the material discharge chute side.
[0039] The first electric telescopic pole 12, the second electric telescopic pole 26, the third electric telescopic pole 30, and the electric telescopic cylinder 36 are all mining-type DYZG series electric telescopic poles.
[0040] The flexible mold holder 18 is a PWG-S series hydraulic gripper.
[0041] This invention also provides a method for using a hydraulic support for retaining rock along a goaf, comprising the following steps: The first step is to prefabricate and assemble the equipment in the factory, equip the equipment with the relevant electrical control and power supply components for each component, and install a control console to operate each component. Two symmetrically installed bases 1 on the ground serve as the support foundation. Two columns 2 installed on each base 1 can extend and retract flexibly, driving the top beam 3 above to rise and fall, thus providing stable support for the roadway roof. The support plate 4 slidably connected to the front end of the top beam 3 can extend outward under the drive of the second hydraulic strut 20, expanding the support range for the roadway roof. The tail beam 7, which is rotatably installed at the lower end of the shield beam 6, can be adjusted in angle under the drive of the third hydraulic strut 23, further improving the support and protection. The connecting hydraulic telescopic rod 14 between the two top beams 3 and between the two bases 1 is used to enhance the overall stability of the support and prevent the support from shifting during construction. The first rock-blocking plate 8, the second rock-blocking plate 11, and the rock-blocking side plate 9 installed on the base 1 cooperate with the extended rock-blocking plate 10 installed on the top beam 3 to form a multi-layered and comprehensive rock-blocking protection, effectively preventing the rock from falling from the goaf and providing a safe working environment for construction personnel and equipment.
[0042] In the second step, when no operation is required on the flexible mold bag, both flexible mold support frames 13 are retracted into the receiving groove at the outer edge of the extended rock baffle 10, saving working space and preventing damage to the flexible mold support frames 13 from impacts and collisions with the rock. At this time, the four sets of flexible mold clamping seats 18 on the two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 are respectively located at the end of the four limiting guide grooves 28 on the flexible mold feeding box 21 near the discharge groove. In this way, when the flexible mold bag is output from the discharge groove of the flexible mold feeding box 21 later, the four sets of flexible mold clamping seats 18 can clamp the four clamping ends of the flexible mold bag respectively. At this time, the first electric telescopic rod 12 is in the fully retracted state, driving the rock baffle side plate 9 to move downward to the lowest position, at which point the gap between the extended rock baffle 10 and the second rock baffle 11 is exposed.
[0043] Thirdly, the protective groove 33 set at the upper end of the top beam 3 can avoid the anchor cables fixed on the top plate, preventing the top beam 3 from colliding with the anchor cables and causing damage or displacement of the support. The protective pad 15 arranged inside the protective groove 33 can play a buffering and protective role, reducing mutual wear between the anchor cables and the top beam 3 and protecting the anchor cables from compression and deformation. The anti-collision chamfer at the end of the protective pad 15 can prevent hard collisions. By controlling the extension and retraction of the second electric telescopic rod 26, the height of the connecting pad 25 and the protective pad 15 can be adjusted to adapt to anchor cables of different heights, ensuring a tight fit and improving the protective effect.
[0044] Fourth, when the flexible mold bag needs to be retrieved, firstly, control the third electric telescopic rod 30 to extend to a set length, driving the support plate 29 to move towards the material drop groove side of the flexible mold feeding box 21. The support plate 29 pushes all the flexible mold bags towards the material drop groove of the flexible mold feeding box 21 until the clamping end of the foremost flexible mold bag contacts the baffle extending from the electric baffle wheel 27 into the limiting guide groove 28. The baffle on the electric baffle wheel 27 limits the clamping end of the flexible mold bag. Then, control the electric baffle wheel 27 to rotate at a certain angle. The baffle on the electric baffle wheel 27 pushes the clamping end of the flexible mold bag forward a certain distance, so that the clamping end passes the baffle on the electric baffle wheel 27. At this time, the clamping end moves into the set of grippers extending from the electric gripper wheel 31 into the limiting guide groove 28. Then, the sliding gripper 32 is controlled to move closer to the fixed gripper, so that the fixed gripper and the sliding gripper 32 together clamp the clamping end, thereby completing the positioning of the clamping end. After the grippers on the electric gripper wheels 31 inside the four limiting guide grooves 28 have clamped and positioned the four clamping ends on the flexible mold bag, all the electric gripper wheels 31 are controlled to rotate together at a certain angle. The electric gripper wheels 31 pull the flexible mold bag towards the discharge groove until the four clamping ends on the flexible mold bag move into the four flexible mold clamping seats 18 respectively. Then, the four flexible mold clamping seats 18 on the two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 are controlled to clamp the four clamping ends on the flexible mold bag, thereby completing the mutual fixation between the two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 and the flexible mold bag. Then, the sliding gripper 32 is controlled to move away from the fixed gripper, so that the electric gripper wheels 31 disengage from the clamping ends of the flexible mold bag, and only the flexible mold clamping seats 18 clamp and fix the clamping ends of the flexible mold bag.
[0045] Fifth, the electric telescopic cylinders 36 on the two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 are extended, and the sliding blocks on the slide rail seat 24 are moved downward. This causes the four sets of flexible mold clamping seats 18 on the two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 to move downward. The four sets of flexible mold clamping seats 18 pull the four clamping ends on the opening of the flexible mold bag downward, and the flexible mold bag gradually comes out of the flexible mold feeding box 21 until the opening of the flexible mold bag moves below the extension baffle plate 10. Then, the long connecting rod 35 is rotated by the drive motor. The long connecting rod 35 drives the flexible mold support frames 13 at both ends to rotate upward. The two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 drive the opening of the flexible mold bag upward to pass around the extension baffle plate 10 until the two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 rotate to a horizontal state. At this time, the flexible mold bag is completely pulled out of the flexible mold feeding box 21. Then, the electric telescopic cylinder 36 is controlled to extend and retract, thereby adjusting the lateral width of the flexible mold bag to match the required width of the flexible mold; at the same time, the sliding sleeve 17 is controlled to slide outside the connecting rotating rod 16 to ensure that the flexible mold support frame 13 fits precisely with the flexible mold, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the flexible mold setup.
[0046] Step 6: After the flexible mold bag is completely pulled out of the flexible mold feeding box 21, its lower end overlaps the upper end of the retaining wall side plate 9, and the overall center of gravity of the flexible mold bag is located outside the retaining wall side plate 9. Then, the first electric telescopic rod 12 is extended, driving the retaining wall side plate 9 to move upward, and simultaneously driving the flexible mold bag overlapping the upper end of the retaining wall side plate 9 to move upward. In this way, the flexible mold bag detaches from the upper end of the retaining wall side plate 9 under the action of gravity and hangs down naturally. At this time, the flexible mold bag has completed the preparation work before injection. When the first electric telescopic rod 12 is fully extended, it drives the retaining wall side plate 9 to move upward to the highest position. At this time, the retaining wall side plate 9 covers the gap between the extended retaining wall plate 10 and the second retaining wall plate 11.
[0047] Step 7: Enter the flexible mold injection stage. Start the filling system to inject filling material into the flexible mold bag at a uniform speed. During the injection process, the flexible mold support frame 13 continuously provides stable support. The electric telescopic cylinder 36 adjusts the extension and retraction amount in real time according to the injection pressure to ensure that the flexible mold bag always fits the preset surface of the filling wall and avoids displacement and deformation of the flexible mold due to material impact. The injection is completed when the filling material is injected to the preset height. Wait for the filling material to solidify and form a complete and firm filling wall.
[0048] Step 8: After the filling material reaches the preset solidification strength, control the first electric telescopic rod 12 to retract, causing the retaining wall side plate 9 to gradually descend to its lowest position, preventing the hydraulic support from colliding with the formed filling wall when it moves forward. Then, control the sliding sleeve rod 17 to slide outside the connecting rotating rod 16, so that the relative position between the sliding sleeve rod 17 and the connecting rotating rod 16 returns to its initial state. Then, control the four sets of flexible mold clamping seats 18 on the two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 to release the four clamping ends on the flexible mold bag, and then control the connecting rotating rod 16 and the sliding sleeve rod 17 to rotate through the connecting rotating seat 19, so that the sliding sleeve rod 17 is vertically downward and perpendicular to the ground. In this way, the connecting rotating rod 16 and the sliding sleeve rod 17 can bypass the formed filling wall through the rotation of the flexible mold support frame 13 without affecting the later folding and retraction of the flexible mold support frame 13. Then, the drive motor is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction, causing the long connecting rod 35 to drive the two sets of flexible mold support frames 13 to rotate downwards until the electric telescopic cylinder 36 of the flexible mold support frame 13 retracts into the receiving groove at the edge of the extended baffle plate 10. Then, the connecting rotating seat 19 is controlled to rotate, causing the connecting rotating rod 16 and the sliding sleeve rod 17 to rotate, so that the sliding sleeve rod 17 moves below the extended baffle plate 10. Then, the electric telescopic cylinder 36 is controlled to retract until the sliding sleeve rod 17 retracts into the receiving groove at the edge of the extended baffle plate 10. At this time, both sets of flexible mold support frames 13 return to their initial state.
[0049] In the ninth step, the stepping hydraulic rod 22 between the two bases 1 is activated. Through the symmetrical support connecting seats at both ends, the two bases 1 are driven to move forward synchronously, realizing the overall stepping forward movement of the hydraulic support. It can be accurately moved to the next construction position without relying on the end support to drag it. At the same time, the support structure such as the top beam 3, support plate 4, and shield beam 6 move forward synchronously. The first rock retaining plate 8, the second rock retaining plate 11, and the extended rock retaining plate 10 always maintain rock retaining protection to prevent rock from falling from the goaf.
[0050] Step 10: After the hydraulic support is moved into place, the subsequent support cycle operation begins. The above process is repeated to complete the rock-blocking and filling support work along the entire goaf retention roadway in sequence, realizing continuous construction, greatly improving construction efficiency, and ensuring the forming quality of each section of filling wall and the stability of roadway support. The entire process does not require disassembling the support, which is suitable for the efficient, precise and flexible construction needs of modern goaf retention roadways.
[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A hydraulic support for retaining rock along a goaf, characterized in that: The system includes two sets of hydraulic support units, one on the left and one on the right. Each set of hydraulic support units includes a base (1), a top beam (3), a column (2), a shield beam (6), and a connecting rod (5). A rock-blocking mechanism is provided on one set of hydraulic support units. The rock-blocking mechanism includes an extended rock-blocking plate (10), which is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the top beam (3). A set of flexible mold support frames (13) is rotatably installed at the front and rear ends of the extended rock-blocking plate (10). The two sets of flexible mold support frames (13) are located inside the receiving groove at the outer edge of the extended rock-blocking plate (10). Two sets of flexible mold clamping seats (18) for clamping the flexible mold bag clamping end are provided on the mold support frame (13); a flexible mold feeding box (21) is fixedly provided on the inner side of the extension baffle plate (10), a flexible mold bag is placed inside the flexible mold feeding box (21), a material dropping groove is provided on the side of the flexible mold feeding box (21) near the extension baffle plate (10), a limiting guide groove (28) is provided on the side wall of the flexible mold feeding box (21), the flexible mold bag clamping end is located inside the limiting guide groove (28), and the limiting guide groove (28) is correspondingly provided with the flexible mold clamping seat (18).
2. The hydraulic support for retaining rock along the goaf as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top beam (3) inside the hydraulic support unit is correspondingly set with the base (1). Two columns (2) are set between the top beam (3) and the base (1). The upper end of the shield beam (6) is hinged to the rear end of the top beam (3). Two connecting rods (5) are rotatably set at the rear end of the base (1). The upper ends of the two connecting rods (5) are hinged to the lower end of the shield beam (6). A support plate (4) is slidably set at the front end of the top beam (3). A support plate (4) is set between the support plate (4) and the top beam (3). Second hydraulic strut (20); a tail beam (7) is rotatably provided at the lower end of the shield beam (6), and a third hydraulic strut (23) is provided between the tail beam (7) and the shield beam (6); multiple connecting hydraulic telescopic rods (14) are provided between the upper end faces of the two bases (1), multiple connecting hydraulic telescopic rods (14) are provided between the lower end faces of the two top beams (3), and a stepping hydraulic rod (22) is provided between the side end faces of the two bases (1) that are close to each other.
3. The hydraulic support for retaining rock along the goaf as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The waste rock blocking mechanism also includes a first waste rock blocking plate (8), a second waste rock blocking plate (11), a waste rock blocking side plate (9), and a first electric telescopic rod (12). The first waste rock blocking plate (8) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the base (1), the second waste rock blocking plate (11) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the first waste rock blocking plate (8), the waste rock blocking side plate (9) is slidably installed on the outer side of the second waste rock blocking plate (11), and the first electric telescopic rod (12) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the second waste rock blocking plate (11). The telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod (12) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner side of the waste rock blocking side plate (9).
4. The hydraulic support for retaining rock along the goaf as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A protective groove (33) is provided in the middle of the upper end face of the top beam (3) of the two sets of hydraulic support units. A second electric telescopic rod (26) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner side of the protective groove (33). A connecting pad (25) is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod (26). A protective pad (15) is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the connecting pad (25).
5. A hydraulic support for retaining rock along a goaf roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insertion hole is provided at the upper end of the extended baffle plate (10), and a rotating connecting seat (34) is fixedly provided at the two ends of the insertion hole. A long connecting rod (35) is rotatably inserted into the insertion hole. The two ends of the long connecting rod (35) extend to the outside of the two ends of the insertion hole and are respectively hinged to the two rotating connecting seats (34). The two ends of the long connecting rod (35) are fixedly connected to the two flexible mold support frames (13). A drive motor is fixedly provided inside the extended baffle plate (10), and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the long connecting rod (35) for transmission.
6. A hydraulic support for retaining rock along a goaf roadway according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flexible mold support frame (13) has an L-shaped structure, including an electric telescopic cylinder (36), a connecting rotating rod (16), a sliding sleeve rod (17), a connecting rotating seat (19), a slide rail seat (24), and a sliding block; the electric telescopic cylinder (36) is located on one side of the extended baffle plate (10), one end of the bottom of the electric telescopic cylinder (36) is fixedly connected to the end of the long connecting rod (35), the telescopic end of the electric telescopic cylinder (36) is fixedly provided with a connecting rotating seat (19), the rotating end of the connecting rotating seat (19) is fixedly provided with an L-shaped connecting rotating rod (16), and the connecting rotating rod (17) is fixedly provided with an L-shaped connecting rotating rod (16). 6) One end away from the connecting rotating seat (19) extends to the lower side of the extended baffle plate (10); a sliding sleeve rod (17) is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the connecting rotating rod (16) away from the connecting rotating seat (19); a slide rail seat (24) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the cylinder body of the electric telescopic cylinder (36), and a sliding block is slidably provided on the slide rail seat (24); a first set of flexible mold clamping seats (18) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the sliding block, and a second set of flexible mold clamping seats (18) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the sliding sleeve rod (17) away from the connecting rotating rod (16).
7. A hydraulic support for retaining rock along a goaf roadway according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting guide groove (28) is provided on the side walls of the front and rear sides of the flexible mold feeding box (21). Two symmetrical limiting guide grooves (28) are provided on the bottom plate of the flexible mold feeding box (21). The end of the limiting guide groove (28) near the extension baffle plate (10) is connected to the drop groove.
8. A hydraulic support for retaining rock along a goaf roadway according to claim 7, characterized in that: When both sets of flexible mold support frames (13) are located inside the receiving groove at the outer edge of the extended baffle plate (10), the four sets of flexible mold clamping seats (18) on the two sets of flexible mold support frames (13) are respectively located at the end of the four limiting guide grooves (28) on the flexible mold feeding box (21) near the dropping groove; each flexible mold bag placed inside the flexible mold feeding box (21) has four clamping ends fixedly installed at the bag opening, and the four clamping ends on the flexible mold bag are respectively located inside the four limiting guide grooves (28) on the flexible mold feeding box (21).
9. A hydraulic support for retaining rock along a goaf roadway according to claim 7, characterized in that: An electric baffle wheel (27) and an electric gripper wheel (31) are rotatably installed at one end of each limiting guide groove (28) near the discharge groove. The electric baffle wheel (27) and the electric gripper wheel (31) are located inside the inner walls of the two sides of the limiting guide groove (28), and the electric baffle wheel (27) is located on the side of the electric gripper wheel (31) away from the discharge groove. A baffle is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the electric baffle wheel (27), one of which extends into the interior of the limiting guide groove (28). Multiple sets of grippers are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the electric gripper wheel (31), one set of grippers extending into the interior of the limiting guide groove (28). Each set of grippers includes a fixed gripper and a sliding gripper (32).
10. A hydraulic support for retaining rock along a goaf roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support plate (29) is slidably provided inside the flexible mold feeding box (21) on the side away from the material dropper. A third electric telescopic rod (30) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the flexible mold feeding box (21) away from the material dropper. The telescopic end of the third electric telescopic rod (30) extends into the flexible mold feeding box (21) and is fixedly connected to the support plate (29).