Water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipe

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of building water supply and drainage pipe water hammer eliminating device, including cylinder, and cylinder is equipped with pressurizing mouth and pressure gauge;Cylinder is built-in a special-shaped piston, and special-shaped piston includes integrally connected piston body and inner cylinder, cylinder is built-in a piston, and piston is built-in spring, cylinder is communicated with outside by air pipe, cylinder is communicated with pipeline, and cylinder inner wall is connected with stop ring.The utility model is provided with special-shaped piston and piston, when fluid pressure in pipeline fluctuates in small range, piston acts, and spring converts the instantaneous impact kinetic energy of fluid into compression potential energy;When water hammer appears, through the double action of compressed gas and rigid spring, the high instantaneous pressure impact caused by water hammer effect can be eliminated.In the working condition of existing continuous high-frequency pressure pulse, normal pressure fluctuation can act on piston, and special-shaped piston is stationary, which avoids the problem of rapid aging of sealing ring caused by continuous high-frequency vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building equipment, and more specifically to a water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes. Background Technology

[0002] When a liquid (such as water) is flowing in a pipe, if a valve is suddenly closed or a water pump suddenly stops, the fluid's kinetic energy is instantly converted into pressure energy. The enormous impact force propagates back and forth in the pipe at the speed of sound in the form of pressure waves, producing a violent impact sound (similar to the sound of a hammer striking a pipe). This is called "water hammer." This impact pressure can be several times or even ten times the normal pressure, easily damaging pipes, valves, and water pumps.

[0003] The core principle of water hammer eliminators is actually not complicated. Taking a piston-type water hammer eliminator as an example, it utilizes the compressibility of gas to absorb and buffer the high-pressure shock wave generated instantaneously by water hammer. A common water hammer eliminator is usually a sealed container divided into two parts: a liquid end, which is directly connected to the piping system and filled with water; and a gas end, which is pre-filled with compressed gas (the pressure is usually set to 60%–80% of the system's static pressure); and an isolation component, in which a piston separates the two.

[0004] In actual operating conditions, if the system experiences continuous high-frequency pressure pulses, such as continuous high-frequency vibrations caused by certain volumetric pumps or rapidly reciprocating pneumatic valves, this situation, while not immediately damaging the equipment, will accelerate the wear of seals and may generate unpleasant noise. Currently, for fluids experiencing continuous high-frequency pressure pulses, airbag-type water hammer devices are selected. The "frictionless and low-inertia" characteristics of airbag-type water hammer devices allow them to respond to pressure changes more quickly and accurately than the "friction-bearing and inertial" piston-type structure. However, airbag-type water hammer devices are not suitable for systems with extremely high pressure, harsh operating conditions, and extremely high requirements for reliability during long-term continuous operation. Piston-type water hammer eliminators have a simpler structure, are more durable, and are suitable for more demanding operating conditions.

[0005] This invention provides a water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes, which is essentially a piston-type water hammer eliminator, suitable for harsh working conditions such as high-frequency pressure pulses, high instantaneous pressure, and poor water quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the problems raised in the background art, the present invention provides a water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes, which will be further described below.

[0007] A water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes includes a cylinder with a pressurization port and a pressure gauge. The cylinder contains a shaped piston, which includes an integrally connected piston body and an inner cylinder. The cylinder contains a piston with a built-in spring. The cylinder is connected to the outside through an air pipe and to a pipeline. A stop ring is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, a guide cylinder is connected to the piston, and a guide post is connected to the top of the cylinder. The guide cylinder and the guide post are slidably fitted together, and the spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide cylinder and the guide post.

[0009] Preferably, the shaped piston has a sealing ring on its piston body edge, a spacer ring connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, and a rigid spring fitted around the piston body between the spacer ring and the piston body. Normal pressure fluctuations can act on the piston, and the spring converts the impact kinetic energy of the pressure fluctuations into compressive potential energy, allowing the shaped piston to remain stationary and avoiding the problem of rapid aging of the sealing ring caused by continuous high-frequency vibration. When the valve stops and causes water hammer, the ultimate instantaneous pressure acts on both the shaped piston and the piston, and the spring, the rigid spring, and the compressed gas together convert the impact kinetic energy into compressive potential energy.

[0010] Preferably, the guide tube is covered with a hydrophilic fabric, the bottom of which is attached to the upper surface of the piston. Water flowing and converging on the piston is absorbed by the hydrophilic fabric and spreads upward through capillary action, increasing the contact area with the airflow. The interaction of the internal and external airflows accelerates the evaporation of water and carries it away from the piston.

[0011] Preferably, the guide cylinder is provided with a dense array of air holes, and the hydrophilic fabric is fitted over the guide cylinder to cover the air holes. When the piston moves up and down inside the cylinder, it generates airflow through the air holes, and the airflow also accelerates water evaporation as it passes through the hydrophilic fabric.

[0012] Preferably, the cylinder is connected to an annular shell, the inner cavity of which is a mist-catching chamber filled with a wire mesh. An air groove is located at the bottom of the annular shell. The mist-catching chamber and the air pipe connect the inner cavity of the cylinder to the outside, forming an airflow passage. When the airflow accelerates the evaporation of water, the humidity of the airflow increases. After the airflow passes through the wire mesh in the mist-catching chamber, water droplets are precipitated from the airflow and eventually flow out from the air groove at the bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the cylinder is provided with a step, and the annular shell is fixedly mounted on the step, forming a cylinder with the cylinder body and the annular shell. This design aims to make the water hammer elimination device easy to install and more aesthetically pleasing.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the cylinder is connected to a tee, which contains a valve chamber with a valve ball inside. A valve stem is mounted on the tee and connected to the valve ball. The valve ball has three outlets: outlet one is directly connected to outlet two, and outlet three is perpendicular to the line connecting outlets one and two. Under normal operating conditions, outlets one and two are connected to the pipeline, and outlet three connects upwards to the cylinder, allowing fluid pressure to be transmitted to the water hammer elimination device. When maintenance of the water hammer elimination device is required, it can be performed without affecting the use of the pipeline.

[0015] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention, through the use of a shaped piston and its configuration, allows the piston to move when the fluid pressure fluctuates within a small range. The spring converts the instantaneous impact kinetic energy of the fluid into compressive potential energy. When water hammer occurs, the combined action of compressed gas and a rigid spring eliminates the high instantaneous pressure impact caused by the water hammer effect. Under conditions of continuous high-frequency pressure pulses, normal pressure fluctuations act on the piston, keeping the shaped piston stationary and preventing rapid aging of the sealing rings caused by continuous high-frequency vibrations. In conditions of poor water quality, no sealing ring is installed at the piston, reducing replacement frequency. Simultaneously, the piston's vertical movement within the cylinder creates interactive airflow inside and outside the cylinder. This airflow accelerates the evaporation of the water film adhering to the inner wall and the water diffused on the hydrophilic fabric, preventing water accumulation within the cylinder. High-humidity airflow passing through the mesh in the mist-collecting chamber causes water droplets to precipitate, making the airflow entering the cylinder drier and accelerating water evaporation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the water hammer elimination device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water hammer elimination device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder.

[0019] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of an irregularly shaped piston.

[0020] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the annular shell.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Cylinder body; 2. Irregular piston; 201. Piston body; 202. Inner cylinder; 3. Piston; 4. Guide cylinder; 5. Guide column; 6. Air pipe; 7. Spring; 8. Spacer ring; 9. Rigid spring; 10. Pressurization port; 11. Pressure gauge; 12. Stop ring; 13. Hydrophilic cloth; 14. Ring shell; 15. Tee; 16. Valve ball; 17. Valve stem. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Next, we will combine the appendix Figures 1-5 A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0023] Reference Appendix Figures 1-4 A water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes includes a cylinder 1, inside which is a non-circular piston 2. The non-circular piston 2 includes an integrally connected piston body 201 and an inner cylinder 202. Inside the cylinder 202 is a piston 3, and a guide cylinder 4 is connected to the piston 3. A guide column 5 is connected to the top of the inner cylinder 202. The guide cylinder 4 and the guide column 5 are slidably engaged. The cylinder 202 is connected to the outside through a gas pipe 6 to maintain a constant pressure in the cylinder 202. A spring 7 is provided outside the guide cylinder 4 and the guide column 5. The cylinder 202 is connected to a pipeline, and the fluid pressure in the pipeline is directly transmitted to the piston 3. A spacer ring 8 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 1. A rigid spring 9 is provided between the spacer ring 8 and the piston body 201 and sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder 202. The cylinder 1 is also provided with a pressurization port 10 and a pressure gauge 11. Gas of a certain pressure can be injected into the cylinder 1 through the pressurization port 10.

[0024] When the fluid pressure inside the pipe fluctuates within a small range, the fluid transmits the pressure to the piston 3, pushing the piston 3 upward within the inner cylinder 202. This forces the gas inside the inner cylinder 202 outward through the gas pipe 6. Simultaneously, the spring 7 is compressed and deformed, absorbing the impact of the fluid and converting the instantaneous impact kinetic energy into compressive potential energy. Meanwhile, the integral irregular piston 2, under the pre-injected gas pressure and the elastic force of the rigid spring 9, remains stationary at the bottom of the cylinder 1 under normal pressure fluctuations.

[0025] A stop ring 12 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 202. When the fluid pressure in the pipeline fluctuates significantly, such as due to the water hammer effect caused by the instantaneous closure of a valve, the water flow is forcibly stopped. A huge shock wave rushes along the pipeline to the piston 3, pushing the piston 3 to move rapidly upward until it hits the stop ring 12. Then, the piston 3, together with the shaped piston 2, moves upward. On the one hand, the upward movement compresses the rigid spring 9, which converts the instantaneous impact kinetic energy into compressive potential energy, thereby suppressing the pressure peak. On the other hand, the gas injected into the cylinder 1 has extremely high compressibility. When the water hammer impacts, the rising shaped piston 2 transfers energy to the gas, which is compressed, acting like a very soft spring, similarly converting the instantaneous impact kinetic energy into compressive potential energy. Through the dual action of compressed gas and rigid spring, the high instantaneous pressure impact caused by the water hammer effect is eliminated.

[0026] The piston body 201 of the irregular piston 2 is equipped with a sealing ring on its edge. The sealing ring is compressed against the cylinder wall, and the sealing ring and piston body 201 form a physical barrier to prevent water from entering the air chamber. Under normal pressure fluctuations, the piston moves frequently in minute amounts, which is equivalent to a self-cleaning mechanism: it prevents the sealing ring from being compressed against the inner cylinder wall in a fixed position for a long time, thus preventing "permanent deformation" or adhesion. It also prevents trace impurities in the water from depositing and solidifying on the piston edge. In other words, a moderately active system pressure environment actually helps to extend the effective life of the piston-type water hammer eliminator.

[0027] However, under continuous high-frequency pressure pulses, the piston-type water hammer eliminator will vibrate continuously at high frequencies. Considering that the water in drainage pipes in the construction industry often has a high impurity content, when impurities in the water act together with high-frequency pressure pulses, the aging rate of the sealing ring will accelerate dramatically. On the one hand, the high-frequency pulses cause the sealing ring to intermittently separate from the contact surface, forming tiny gaps, which act like a miniature "pump," continuously "pumping" impurity particles from the water into the sealing interface and accumulating them, thus aggravating wear. On the other hand, impurities exacerbate fretting wear. The intervention of impurities will rapidly transform the fretting wear of the sealing ring on the smooth interface into more destructive abrasive wear, greatly accelerating the damage process of the sealing surface. This "synergistic effect" causes damage to the seal far exceeding the sum of the effects of the two factors alone. Once the sealing ring ages, water in the drainage pipe will seep into the upper air chamber, weakening the suppression of the water hammer effect, thus requiring frequent replacement of the sealing ring.

[0028] In this embodiment, by setting the irregular piston 2 and piston 3 respectively, normal pressure fluctuations and instantaneous extreme pressure impacts caused by water hammer can be treated differently: normal pressure fluctuations can act on piston 3, and the impact kinetic energy of the pressure fluctuations is converted into compressive potential energy by spring 7, and the irregular piston 2 can remain stationary, avoiding the problem of rapid aging of the sealing ring caused by continuous high-frequency vibration; when the valve stops causing the water hammer effect, the extreme instantaneous pressure acts on both irregular piston 2 and piston 3 at the same time, and spring 7, rigid spring 9 and compressed gas together convert the impact kinetic energy into compressive potential energy. The intermittent movement of irregular piston 2 also maintains the self-cleaning mechanism, that is, it prevents the sealing ring from being permanently deformed or stuck to the cylinder wall due to long-term compression in a fixed position.

[0029] The piston 3 and the cylinder 202 are not sealed and isolated by a sealing ring. The purpose is to address the problem of rapid aging of the sealing ring under continuous high-frequency vibration conditions. The piston 3 is close to the inner wall of the cylinder 202. However, in practice, in order to maintain the smooth movement of the piston 3, the piston 3 and the inner wall of the cylinder 202 are in a clearance fit. Thus, when the fluid in the pipeline impacts the piston 3, some of the fluid will seep into the cylinder 202 through this gap. At the same time, water will soak the inner wall of the cylinder 202 to form a water film. In this embodiment, the water film will be scraped off and flow onto the piston 3 by the lifting and lowering movement of the piston 3 inside the cylinder 202.

[0030] However, the piston 3's vertical movement within the cylinder 202 creates an interactive airflow inside and outside the cylinder 202. This airflow accelerates the evaporation of water, preventing water from accumulating inside the cylinder 202. Meanwhile, the guide cylinder 4 is covered with a hydrophilic cloth 13, the bottom of which is attached to the upper surface of the piston 3. Water flowing and converging on the piston 3 is absorbed by the hydrophilic cloth 13 and spreads upwards due to capillary action, increasing the contact area with the airflow. The interactive airflow inside and outside accelerates the evaporation of water and carries it away from the piston 2.

[0031] Furthermore, the guide cylinder 4 is provided with densely packed air holes, and the hydrophilic cloth 13 is sleeved on the outside of the guide cylinder 4 to cover the air holes. When the piston 3 moves up and down inside the cylinder 202, the extension and sliding cooperation of the guide cylinder 4 and the guide column 5 will generate airflow through the air holes. When the airflow passes through the hydrophilic cloth 13, it will also accelerate the evaporation of water, so that water cannot accumulate on the piston 3.

[0032] Reference Appendix Figure 5 The cylinder 1 is connected to an annular shell 14, the inner cavity of which is a mist-catching chamber filled with a wire mesh. The bottom of the annular shell 14 is provided with an air groove. The mist-catching chamber and the air pipe connect the inner cavity of the cylinder 202 to the outside, forming an airflow passage. When the airflow accelerates the evaporation of water, the humidity of the airflow increases. After the airflow passes through the wire mesh in the mist-catching chamber, the water vapor suspended in the airflow will directly collide with the wire mesh. Once small water droplets collide and adhere to the wire mesh, they will begin to merge with other small water droplets that collide at the same position or nearby. Surface tension makes the water droplets tend to gather into larger water droplets. As the attached water droplets continue to merge and grow, their weight also increases. When the weight of the water droplets increases to a level sufficient to overcome the adhesion (surface tension) of the wire mesh material and air resistance, it will flow down the wire mesh under the action of gravity and eventually flow out from the air groove at the bottom.

[0033] Reference Appendix Figure 1 The top of the cylinder 1 is provided with a step, and the ring shell 14 is fixedly installed on the step. The cylinder 1 and the ring shell 14 form a cylinder, which is convenient to install and also more aesthetically pleasing.

[0034] Reference Appendix Figures 1-2The bottom of the cylinder 1 is connected to a tee 15, which contains a valve chamber with a valve ball 16 inside. A valve stem 17 is mounted on the tee 15 and connected to the valve ball. The valve ball 16 has three outlets: outlet one and outlet two are directly connected, and outlet three is perpendicular to the line connecting outlets one and two. Under normal operating conditions, outlets one and two are connected to the pipeline, and outlet three is connected upwards to the cylinder 1, allowing fluid pressure to be transmitted to the water hammer elimination device. When maintenance of the water hammer elimination device is required, the valve stem 17 can be rotated 180°, causing the valve ball 16 to flip. At this time, outlets one and two remain connected to the pipeline, but outlet three is blocked downwards by the inner wall of the valve chamber, thus isolating the water hammer elimination device. Maintenance of the water hammer elimination device can be performed without affecting pipeline operation.

[0035] This invention utilizes the configuration of shaped pistons 2 and 3. When the fluid pressure fluctuates within a small range in the pipeline, piston 3 actuates, and spring 7 converts the instantaneous impact kinetic energy of the fluid into compressive potential energy. When water hammer occurs, the combined action of compressed gas and rigid spring eliminates the high instantaneous pressure impact caused by the water hammer effect. Under conditions of continuous high-frequency pressure pulses, normal pressure fluctuations act on piston 3, while shaped piston 2 remains stationary, avoiding the problem of rapid aging of the sealing ring caused by continuous high-frequency vibration. Under conditions of poor water quality, no sealing ring is installed at the piston, reducing the frequency of replacement. Simultaneously, the lifting and lowering movement of piston 3 within the cylinder 202 creates an interactive airflow inside and outside the cylinder 202. This airflow accelerates the evaporation of the water film adhering to the inner wall and the water diffused on the hydrophilic fabric, preventing water accumulation within the cylinder 202. The high-humidity airflow, when passing through the mesh in the mist-collecting chamber, will precipitate water droplets, making the airflow entering the cylinder 202 relatively dry and accelerating water evaporation.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes, comprising a cylinder (1), wherein a pressurization port (10) and a pressure gauge (11) are provided on the cylinder (1); characterized in that: The cylinder (1) has a built-in shaped piston (2), which includes an integrally connected piston body (201) and inner cylinder (202). The cylinder (202) has a built-in piston (3), which has a built-in spring (7). The cylinder (202) is connected to the outside through the air pipe (6) and is connected to the pipeline. The inner wall of the cylinder (202) is connected to a stop ring (12).

2. The water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (3) is connected to the guide cylinder (4), and the cylinder (202) is connected to the top of the guide column (5). The guide cylinder (4) and the guide column (5) are slidably engaged, and the spring (7) is sleeved on the outside of the guide cylinder (4) and the guide column (5).

3. The water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piston body (201) of the irregular piston (2) is provided with a sealing ring on the edge, and a spacer (8) is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (1). A rigid spring (9) is provided between the spacer (8) and the piston body (201) and sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder (202).

4. The water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide cylinder (4) is covered with a hydrophilic cloth (13), and the bottom of the hydrophilic cloth (13) is attached to the upper surface of the piston (3).

5. The water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide cylinder (4) is provided with a dense array of air holes, and the hydrophilic fabric (13) is fitted over the guide cylinder (4) to cover the air holes.

6. The water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is connected to an annular shell (14). The inner cavity of the annular shell (14) is a mist-catching chamber, which is filled with a wire mesh. The bottom of the annular shell (14) is provided with an air groove. The mist-catching chamber and the air pipe connect the inner cavity of the cylinder (202) with the outside world, forming an airflow passage.

7. The water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the cylinder (1) is provided with a step, and the ring shell (14) is fixedly installed on the step. The cylinder (1) and the ring shell (14) form a cylinder.

8. The water hammer elimination device for building water supply and drainage pipes according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The bottom of the cylinder (1) is connected to a tee (15), and the tee is provided with a valve chamber. The valve chamber contains a valve ball (16). The tee (15) is provided with a valve stem (17), which is connected to the valve ball. The valve ball (16) is provided with three flow ports, of which flow port one is in line with flow port two, and flow port three is perpendicular to the line where flow port one and flow port two are located.

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