An aerodynamic aerodynamic split bandolier
By introducing a moving block, spring, and connecting rib into the sabot, combined with high-temperature solid lubricant and oblique groove, the connection instability problem of existing pneumatic separation sabots is solved, realizing synchronous and lag-free separation of the sabot, and improving the flight accuracy and safety of the projectile.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LINGNAN NORMAL UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing aerodynamic and pneumatic separation sabots suffer from poor consistency and stability during the connection process. Pure aerodynamic impact alone cannot provide active opening force, which may lead to jamming and unevenness during the ejection and separation process.
The design incorporates a moving block, spring, and connecting ribs, combined with a high-temperature solid lubricant and an inclined groove. It provides active opening force through aerodynamic force and spring preload, ensuring smooth separation. At the same time, the front and rear clamping plates form a flared structure to increase wind resistance and prevent the spring core from deviating.
It achieves synchronous and lag-free separation of the sabot, reduces jamming and unevenness, improves the stability and consistency of separation, and ensures the flight accuracy and safety of the projectile.
Smart Images
Figure CN122217080A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of sabot technology, specifically to an aerodynamically separated sabot. Background Technology
[0002] A sabot is a projectile component on a sub-caliber projectile that guides the projectile body within the gun barrel. It is typically used on sub-caliber armor-piercing projectiles. Its materials have evolved from alloy steel to aluminum alloy, and then to engineering plastics and composite materials to reduce negative mass. Utilizing aerodynamic principles, it rotates as it accelerates within the gun barrel. After leaving the barrel, the sabot moves laterally away from the projectile's trajectory. The long rod at the center of the sabot continues the projectile's forward flight, achieving automatic separation of the sabot and the projectile body. The sabot's main functions within the gun barrel are to ensure the normal operation of the projectile, ensure the gas seal of the propellant, and improve the stability of the projectile's flight trajectory. After the projectile leaves the muzzle, the sabot begins to separate from the projectile body under the action of the combustion gases and aerodynamic forces within the barrel. This separation process is complex and has a significant impact on the projectile's flight stability and firing accuracy. Therefore, an aerodynamic, pneumatically separable sabot is required.
[0003] Existing aerodynamic and pneumatic separation sabots mostly use traditional sabot connection methods such as adhesive bonding, snap-fit, interference fit, fragile pins, or external tightening. Although these methods can achieve the purpose of connection, the consistency and stability of the connection are poor in actual use. Relying solely on pure aerodynamic impact cannot provide active opening force, and their simple structure may lead to jamming and unevenness during the ejection and separation process, thus reducing their practicality. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an aerodynamic pneumatic separation sabot to address the problems mentioned in the background art. Existing aerodynamic pneumatic separation sabots mostly use traditional sabot connection methods such as adhesive bonding, snap-fit, interference fit, fragile pins, or external tightening. Although these methods can achieve the purpose of connection, in actual use, the consistency and stability of the connection are poor. Relying solely on pure aerodynamic impact cannot provide active opening force, and their simple structure may lead to jamming and unevenness during the ejection and separation process, thus reducing their practicality.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an aerodynamically separated ejector, comprising a side plate, a crossbar fixedly installed on one side of the side plate, a transverse groove formed inside the crossbar, a round rod fixedly installed inside the transverse groove, movable blocks movably sleeved at both ends of the surface of the round rod, a spring fixedly installed between the movable blocks, sliding grooves formed at the top and bottom of the crossbar, sliders movably installed at both ends of the sliding grooves, a front moving plate fixedly installed on the outer surface of each slider, a front connecting plate fixedly installed on one side of the front moving plate, a front split plate fixedly installed on one side of the front connecting plate, a rear moving plate fixedly installed on the surface of each slider located behind the front moving plate, a rear connecting plate fixedly installed on one side of the rear moving plate, and a rear split plate fixedly installed on one side of the rear connecting plate.
[0006] Preferably, a storage groove is provided on one side of both the front and rear split plates, and a connecting rib is fixedly installed inside the storage groove.
[0007] Preferably, the side plate has an annular groove inside, and the surfaces of both the front and rear segment plates are surrounded by oblique grooves.
[0008] Preferably, a protrusion is fixedly installed at one end of the front segment plate, and a groove is provided at one end of the rear segment plate, with the protrusion and the groove being compatible.
[0009] Preferably, a front retaining plate is fixedly installed inside the front split plate, and a front positioning groove is provided on one side of the front retaining plate, and a front rubber pad is fixedly installed inside the front positioning groove.
[0010] Preferably, a rear retaining plate is fixedly installed inside the rear segment plate, a rear positioning groove is provided on one side of the rear retaining plate, a rear rubber pad is fixedly installed inside the rear positioning groove, a front positioning ring is fixedly installed inside the front segment plate, and a rear positioning ring is fixedly installed inside the rear segment plate.
[0011] Preferably, the inner surface of the spring is movably connected to the outer surface of the round rod, the outer surface of the slider is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the moving block, the outer surface of the front moving plate is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar, and the outer surface of the rear connecting plate is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar.
[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the front connecting plate is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar, and the outer surface of the rear moving plate is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This aerodynamic pneumatic separation sabot, during routine use, when the front and rear split plates fly out of the muzzle along with the side plates, air enters between the front and rear clamping plates, creating radial pressure. This pressure then breaks the connecting rib. Since the spring was previously under preload, it instantly releases the pressure, causing the spring to slide within the transverse groove and on the surface of the round rod. Simultaneously, the moving block drives the slider to slide within the slide groove, which in turn causes the two front moving plates to slide. The front moving plates then drive the front connecting plate to slide, which in turn drives the front split plate to slide. Next, another moving block drives the rear moving plate to slide, which in turn drives the rear connecting plate to slide, and finally, the rear connecting plate drives the rear split plate to slide, thus separating the front and rear split plates. This operation method uses moving blocks, springs, and connecting ribs to connect and separate the front and rear split plates, rather than relying solely on pure pneumatic impact, providing an active opening force for smoother separation.
[0014] This aerodynamic pneumatic separation sabot features an annular groove filled with a high-temperature solid lubricant during daily use, which reduces the coefficient of friction on the contact surface and makes rotation smoother. The design of the slanted groove causes airflow to impact the inclined inner surface, generating a tangential force that forces the sabot to rotate around its axis. The front and rear clamping plates together form a flared opening, which increases wind resistance after exiting the barrel. Inside, there is a core positioning groove composed of a front positioning groove and a rear positioning groove, which fits snugly against the core head. The fit is enhanced by front and rear rubber pads, and front and rear positioning rings prevent the core from shifting inside the barrel. These auxiliary designs help the sabot exit the barrel and separate smoothly. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the side plate of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the crossbar of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side sectional view of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the present invention.
[0016] In the diagram: 1. Side plate; 2. Crossbar; 3. Horizontal groove; 4. Round rod; 5. Moving block; 6. Spring; 7. Slide groove; 8. Slider; 9. Front moving plate; 10. Front connecting plate; 11. Front split plate; 12. Rear moving plate; 13. Rear connecting plate; 14. Rear split plate; 15. Storage slot; 16. Connecting rib; 17. Annular groove; 18. Slanted long groove; 19. Front retaining plate; 20. Front positioning groove; 21. Front rubber pad; 22. Rear retaining plate; 23. Rear positioning groove; 24. Rear rubber pad; 25. Front positioning ring; 26. Rear positioning ring; 27. Protrusion; 28. Groove. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] Example 1: Please see Figures 1-6 An aerodynamic pneumatic separation type ejector includes a side plate 1. A crossbar 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the side plate 1. A horizontal groove 3 is formed inside the crossbar 2. A round rod 4 is fixedly installed inside the horizontal groove 3. Movable blocks 5 are movably sleeved at both ends of the surface of the round rod 4. A spring 6 is fixedly installed between the movable blocks 5. The inner surface of the spring 6 is movably connected to the outer surface of the round rod 4. Slide grooves 7 are formed at the top and bottom of the crossbar 2. Slider blocks 8 are movably installed at both ends of the slide grooves 7. The outer surface of the sliders 8 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable blocks 5. A front moving plate 9 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sliders 8. The inner surface of the slide grooves 7 and the outer surface of the sliders 8 are both smooth, which allows the sliders 8 to slide more smoothly inside the slide grooves 7 and reduces the occurrence of jamming. Due to the design of the slide grooves 7 and sliders 8, the forward moving plate 9 can be moved more smoothly. The sliding of plate 9 is more stable. The outer surface of the front moving plate 9 is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar 2. A front connecting plate 10 is fixedly installed on one side of the front moving plate 9. The outer surface of the front connecting plate 10 is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar 2. A front split plate 11 is fixedly installed on one side of the front connecting plate 10. A rear moving plate 12 located on the back of the front moving plate 9 is fixedly installed on the surface of the slider 8. The outer surface of the rear moving plate 12 is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar 2. A rear connecting plate 13 is fixedly installed on one side of the rear moving plate 12. The outer surface of the rear connecting plate 13 is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar 2. A rear split plate 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the rear connecting plate 13. A storage groove 15 is opened on one side of both the front split plate 11 and the rear split plate 14. A connecting rib 16 is fixedly installed inside the storage groove 15.
[0019] In this invention, when the front split plate 11 and the rear split plate 14 fly out of the muzzle along with the side plate 1, air enters between the front clamping plate 19 and the rear clamping plate 22 and forms radial pressure. Under the action of this pressure, the connecting rib 16 is pulled apart. The connecting rib 16 is a weak connecting rib. Since the spring 6 was previously in a pre-compressed state, the spring pre-compressing means that the spring is compressed and stored in advance, which helps the sabot separate faster and more reliably at the moment of exiting the barrel, preventing the sabot from being difficult to remove. Then the spring 6 will release the pressure instantly. Subsequently, the spring 6 will drive the moving block 5 to slide inside the transverse groove 3 and on the surface of the round rod 4. At the same time, the moving block 5 will drive the slider 8 to slide inside the sliding groove 7. Subsequently, the moving block 5 will drive the two front moving plates 9 to slide. Then the front moving plates 9 will drive the front connecting plate 10 to slide. Upon movement, the front connecting plate 10 will cause the front split plate 11 to slide, and then another moving block 5 will cause the rear moving plate 12 to slide. Subsequently, the rear moving plate 12 will cause the rear connecting plate 13 to slide, and then the rear connecting plate 13 will cause the rear split plate 14 to slide, thus separating the front split plate 11 and the rear split plate 14. The moving block 5 and the spring 6 can buffer the impact inside the barrel and reduce stress concentration. The spring 6 can absorb part of the firing impact and vibration, preventing the front split plate 11 and the rear split plate 14 from breaking or chipping prematurely inside the barrel, ensuring an intact muzzle exit. The muzzle exits quickly and synchronously, and the preload force drives the split plates to open instantly after the muzzle pressure is released. The separation action is synchronous, crisp and without lag, reducing the occurrence of split plate adhesion, jamming and partial opening.
[0020] It uses a pre-compression connection between the movable block 5 and the spring 6 to separate the front split plate 11 and the rear split plate 14. This allows the front split plate 11 and the rear split plate 14 to be more reliably clamped in the barrel, with a continuous and uniform pre-compression force. Under high overload, the plates do not split or loosen, ensuring the concentricity of the projectile and firing accuracy. The muzzle separation is more synchronous and proactive, without relying on pure aerodynamic impact. The spring 6 provides active opening force, allowing the front split plate 11 and the rear split plate 14 to separate simultaneously without lag, jamming, or partial separation. Combined with aerodynamics, the separation posture is more regular, without scraping the projectile and tail fins, and without generating fragments or entanglement, significantly reducing disturbances caused by single-mode methods. It has stronger consistency and stability, and the separation force can be precisely designed, unaffected by temperature, tolerance, or environment, with good batch repeatability. Its structure is the simplest and most reliable, with no adhesive, no easily broken pins, and no complex locking, and strong resistance to high overload.
[0021] Example 2: Please see Figures 1-6 An aerodynamic pneumatic separation sabot has an annular groove 17 inside the side plate 1, and oblique grooves 18 are formed around the surfaces of the front split plate 11 and the rear split plate 14. A protrusion 27 is fixedly installed at one end of the front split plate 11, and a groove 28 is formed at one end of the rear split plate 14, with the protrusion 27 and the groove 28 being adapted to each other.
[0022] In this invention, the annular groove 17 is filled with a high-temperature solid lubricant, which can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction of the contact surface, making the rotation smoother, without jamming or wear; the inner surface of the inclined groove 18 is an inclined surface, and the design of the inclined groove 18 will cause the airflow to impact the inclined surface of its inner surface, generating a tangential component force, forcing the sabot to rotate around the axis; the protrusion 27 and the groove 28 can interlock, and will not move horizontally when moving in the barrel. When the sabot is ejected, it will only separate radially, without flying randomly or interfering with the projectile, making the ejection trajectory more stable.
[0023] Example 3: Please see Figures 1-6 An aerodynamically separated ejector has a front locking plate 19 fixedly installed inside the front split plate 11, a front positioning groove 20 is opened on one side of the front locking plate 19, and a front rubber pad 21 is fixedly installed inside the front positioning groove 20. A rear locking plate 22 is fixedly installed inside the rear split plate 14, a rear positioning groove 23 is opened on one side of the rear locking plate 22, and a rear rubber pad 24 is fixedly installed inside the rear positioning groove 23. A front positioning ring 25 is fixedly installed inside the front split plate 11, and a rear positioning ring 26 is fixedly installed inside the rear split plate 14.
[0024] In this invention, the front clamping plate 19 and the rear clamping plate 22 together form a flared mouth, which is wider at the front and narrower at the rear and gradually opens. When exiting the barrel, air is injected from the front and naturally squeezes the two halves outward along the inclined surface, preventing the bullet core from getting stuck or scraped. The ejection direction is consistent, greatly improving stability. After exiting the barrel, it can increase the wind resistance. Inside, there is a bullet core positioning groove composed of a front positioning groove 20 and a rear positioning groove 23, which fits against the head of the bullet core. The fit is enhanced by the front rubber pad 21 and the rear rubber pad 24. The front positioning ring 25 and the rear positioning ring 26 prevent the bullet core from shifting inside the barrel. The above auxiliary design helps the bullet to exit the barrel smoothly and separate.
[0025] Working principle: First, the annular groove 17 is filled with a high-temperature solid lubricant, which significantly reduces the coefficient of friction on the contact surface and makes rotation smoother. The design of the inclined groove 18 causes the airflow to impact its inner surface, generating a tangential force that forces the sabot to rotate around its axis. The front clamping plate 19 and the rear clamping plate 22 together form a bell mouth. When exiting the barrel, air enters from the front and naturally pushes the two halves outward along the inclined surface. When the front split plate 11 and the rear split plate 14 fly out of the muzzle along with the side plate 1, air enters between the front clamping plate 19 and the rear clamping plate 22 and forms radial pressure. Under the action of this pressure, the connecting rib 16 is pulled off. Since the spring 6 was previously in a pre-compressed state, it then... Spring 6 will release the pressure instantly, and then spring 6 will drive the moving block 5 to slide inside the transverse groove 3 and on the surface of the round rod 4. At the same time, the moving block 5 will drive the slider 8 to slide inside the slide groove 7. Then the moving block 5 will drive the two front moving plates 9 to slide. Then the front moving plates 9 will drive the front connecting plate 10 to slide. Then the front connecting plate 10 will drive the front split plate 11 to slide. Next, the other moving block 5 will also drive the rear moving plate 12 to slide. Then the rear moving plate 12 will drive the rear connecting plate 13 to slide. Then the rear connecting plate 13 will drive the rear split plate 14 to slide, thus separating the front split plate 11 and the rear split plate 14.
[0026] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An aerodynamically separable sabot, comprising a side plate (1), characterized in that: A crossbar (2) is fixedly installed on one side of the side plate (1). A cross groove (3) is opened inside the crossbar (2). A round rod (4) is fixedly installed inside the cross groove (3). A moving block (5) is movably sleeved at both ends of the surface of the round rod (4). A spring (6) is fixedly installed between the moving blocks (5). A sliding groove (7) is opened at the top and bottom of the crossbar (2). A slider (8) is movably installed at both ends of the sliding groove (7). A front moving plate (9) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the slider (8). A front connecting plate (10) is fixedly installed on one side of the front moving plate (9). A front split plate (11) is fixedly installed on one side of the front connecting plate (10). A rear moving plate (12) located behind the front moving plate (9) is fixedly installed on the surface of the slider (8). A rear connecting plate (13) is fixedly installed on one side of the rear moving plate (12), and a rear split plate (14) is fixedly installed on one side of the rear connecting plate (13).
2. The aerodynamically separated sabot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front split plate (11) and the rear split plate (14) are each provided with a storage groove (15) on one side, and the storage groove (15) is fixedly installed with a connecting rib (16).
3. The aerodynamically separated sabot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plate (1) has an annular groove (17) inside, and the surfaces of the front split plate (11) and the rear split plate (14) are both surrounded by oblique grooves (18).
4. The aerodynamically separated sabot according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protrusion (27) is fixedly installed at one end of the front split plate (11), and a groove (28) is provided at one end of the rear split plate (14), with the protrusion (27) and the groove (28) being compatible.
5. An aerodynamically separated sabot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front split plate (11) is fixedly installed with a front retaining plate (19), and a front positioning groove (20) is opened on one side of the front retaining plate (19), and a front rubber pad (21) is fixedly installed inside the front positioning groove (20).
6. An aerodynamically separated sabot according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rear retaining plate (22) is fixedly installed inside the rear split plate (14). A rear positioning groove (23) is provided on one side of the rear retaining plate (22). A rear rubber pad (24) is fixedly installed inside the rear positioning groove (23). A front positioning ring (25) is fixedly installed inside the front split plate (11), and a rear positioning ring (26) is fixedly installed inside the rear split plate (14).
7. An aerodynamically separated sabot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the spring (6) is movably connected to the outer surface of the round rod (4), the outer surface of the slider (8) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the moving block (5), and the outer surface of the front moving plate (9) is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar (2).
8. An aerodynamically separable sabot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the front connecting plate (10) is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar (2), and the outer surface of the rear moving plate (12) is movably connected to the outer surface of the crossbar (2).