A system for integrated recovery of vines and residues in a peanut combine

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated recycling system for peanut vines and residues in a peanut combine harvester, including a collection box, a pre-crushing and conveying assembly for supplying materials to the collection box, a tailings discharge channel, and a negative pressure pneumatic recycling assembly. The collection box has a front-end inlet; the end of the pre-crushing and conveying assembly is connected to the front-end inlet to convey the crushed peanut vines from the front of the machine into the collection box; the side wall of the collection box has a tailings interface; the tailings discharge channel connects to the outlet of the threshing device and the tailings interface to convey the root and stem residues after threshing into the collection box; the rear end of the collection box has a rear-end inlet connected to the negative pressure pneumatic recycling assembly, used to blow light impurities and fine roots from the screening process into the collection box via airflow. This invention achieves multi-source collection of peanut vines and root and stem residues, completing vine cutting and collection before harvesting, significantly reducing the amount of material entering the threshing device, significantly reducing the threshing load, and improving the threshing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of peanut vine and root recycling technology, and in particular to an integrated recycling system for peanut vines and residues in a peanut combine harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Peanut combine harvesters are key equipment for achieving efficient peanut harvesting. Traditional peanut combine harvesters typically integrate functions such as digging, conveying, picking, cleaning, and vine recovery, aiming to complete the entire process from digging in the field to collecting the fruit in one go.

[0003] In the existing technical solutions, patent CN212487308U discloses a low-dust peanut silage combine harvester. This machine mainly includes a chassis, a vine-cutting silage device located at the front of the machine's lower side, a digging and conveying device located at the rear of the chassis, a pod-picking and cleaning device located in the upper middle part, and a silage bin for collecting materials. Its operation process is roughly as follows: the vine-cutting silage device at the front cuts and crushes the peanut vines with a cutting blade, and uses a blower to blow the crushed vines through a feeding channel to the front inlet of the silage bin; simultaneously, the digging and conveying device digs up the underground peanut pods and remaining roots and stems and transports them from the rear of the machine to the pod-picking and cleaning device; the discarded vines and root residues after harvesting are discharged through a discharge port and ultimately also collected in the silage bin for recycling.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies have significant drawbacks in terms of structural layout and material collection in practical applications.

[0005] (1) The peanut vine harvesting system of this machine is located at the front of the machine body. The harvested peanut vines are blown directly into the front of the silage box. At the same time, the peanut root and fruit parts conveyed by the digging and conveying mechanism move from back to front through the hulling and screening mechanism. The separated root and stem residues are also discharged from the front side of the silage box. This layout results in the inlet of the silage box being too concentrated in the front section of the box body. This causes the peanut vine fragments and the root and stem parts after hulling to be crowded at the front inlet of the silage box, making it difficult to make full use of the space inside the box. It is also easy to clog the material, which not only wastes the effective volume of the silage box, but also causes the false fullness phenomenon to occur frequently.

[0006] (2) The shredded seedlings and root residues in the silage bin of the machine are thoroughly mixed together and difficult to separate, which limits the subsequent utilization of the materials. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an integrated recycling system for vines and residues of peanut combine harvesters that can be rationally laid out and fully improve the utilization rate of space inside the hay box.

[0008] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the peanut combine harvester vine and residue integrated recycling system of the present invention is suitable for installation on the walking chassis of the peanut combine harvester; the system includes a grass collection box, and a pre-crushing and conveying component, a tail material discharge channel and a negative pressure pneumatic recycling component respectively supplying material to the grass collection box;

[0009] The straw collection box is a long strip structure extending from front to back. The peanut harvester's threshing device is located close to the straw collection box. The threshing device is a longitudinal flow structure extending from front to back. The material enters from the front end and exits from the rear. There is a screening device on the lower side of the threshing device. The negative pressure air conveying recovery component is located at the rear of the threshing device and also at the tail end of the screening device.

[0010] The front end of the grass collection box is provided with a front feed inlet; the end of the front crushing and conveying assembly is connected to the front feed inlet to convey the crushed peanut vines from the front of the machine into the box; the front crushing and conveying assembly includes a front-mounted vine cutting and crushing mechanism and a side conveying channel; the vine cutting and crushing mechanism is located in front of the digging and conveying device in the peanut combined harvesting.

[0011] The side wall of the grass collection box is provided with a tail material interface; the tail material discharge channel connects the discharge outlet of the fruit removal device to the tail material interface, so as to transport the root and stem residue after fruit removal into the grass collection box;

[0012] The rear end of the grass collection box is provided with a rear inlet that connects to the negative pressure air conveying and recovery component, which is used to blow light impurities and fine roots in the screening process into the grass collection box by airflow.

[0013] Furthermore, the hay collection box includes a box body and a discharge door; the upper edge of the discharge door is rotatably connected to the box body via a hinge, and the box body is equipped with a hydraulic drive component for driving the opening and closing of the discharge door; the bottom of the hay collection box is equipped with a guide ramp to facilitate material sliding out. The front feed inlet, tail feed inlet, and rear feed inlet are all located on the box body. In addition, the discharge door is located on the outside of the entire peanut combine harvester, and the discharge door and the box body are approximately equal in length in the front-to-back direction. Thus, opening the discharge door allows the material in the hay collection box to be discharged quickly, resulting in high discharge efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, the front crushing and conveying assembly includes a crushing cover horizontally placed at the front end of the machine and a transverse spiral conveyor located behind the crushing cover; the crushing cover has a set of seedling cutters; the discharge end of the transverse spiral conveyor is connected to a side conveying channel, which is arranged longitudinally along the side of the machine and connected to the front feed inlet.

[0015] Furthermore, a conveyor chain is installed in the side-mounted conveyor channel, and multiple push rods for pushing the broken seedlings are distributed on the conveyor chain. The edges of the push rods have teeth arranged in an array.

[0016] Furthermore, the seedling cutting blade assembly includes a blade roller shaft rotatably mounted relative to the crushing cover, on which Y-shaped moving blades are distributed; multiple rows of fixed blades are fixed inside the crushing cover, and the fixed blades are used to cooperate with the Y-shaped moving blades to perform seedling cutting operations.

[0017] Furthermore, the negative pressure air conveying and recovery assembly includes a centrifugal fan and air suction ducts located on both sides of the centrifugal fan. The bottom end of the air suction duct is provided with a height-adjustable telescopic pipe, so that the distance between the telescopic pipe and the screen surface can be adjusted. The air outlet of the centrifugal fan is connected to the rear feed port through a bend.

[0018] The longitudinal length of the grass collection box covers the space from the front end of the fruit removal device to the front end of the negative pressure air conveying and recovery component. The tail material interface and the rear feed inlet are staggered at the rear of the grass collection box to avoid interference with the feed.

[0019] Furthermore, a guide plate is rotatably mounted inside the container body; the lower end of the guide plate is rotatably connected relative to the container body, and there is a gap between the lower end of the guide plate and the bottom of the container body.

[0020] Furthermore, the interior of the housing body is equipped with a compartment plate whose position can be adjusted.

[0021] Furthermore, the unloading gate comprises a front chamber gate and a rear chamber gate, which can be opened independently.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The integrated recycling system for peanut vines and residues in the peanut combine harvester of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) This invention achieves multi-source collection of peanut vine and root residues by integrating a grass collection box with a pre-crushing, tailings discharge and negative pressure recovery component. The grass collection box has a reasonable multi-inlet design, and different materials are dispersed into various positions of the grass collection box. Among them, the volume of crushed vines and defoliated root residues is significantly larger than the volume of light impurities absorbed by air. The multi-inlet design of the grass collection box fully takes this into account and can make full use of the space inside the grass collection box.

[0024] (2) The entire recycling system has a U-shaped layout of all components, which is reasonable and makes full use of the space on the side and front and back of the machine. It does not affect the layout of the main components such as digging, conveying, fruit removal and screening in the machine, which is convenient for modification and upgrading on existing machines and has low improvement costs.

[0025] (3) In this invention, the broken seedlings and root and stem residues are located on the front and back sides of the machine respectively, and the two are not mixed together, making them easy to separate and use. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 Top view of the integrated recycling system for vines and residues;

[0027] Figure 2 A top-down structural diagram of an integrated recycling system for vines and residues;

[0028] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an integrated recycling system for vines and residues;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a peanut combine harvester;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the side-mounted conveyor channel;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 1 AA sectional view of the structure;

[0032] Figure 7 This is the first state diagram inside the box body;

[0033] Figure 8 This is the second state diagram inside the box body.

[0034] In the diagram: 100-Grass collection box; 110-Box body; 111-Front-end feed inlet; 112-Tail material inlet; 113-Rear feed inlet; 120-Discharge gate; 130-Hydraulic drive component; 140-Guide plate; 150-Compartment plate; 200-Front-end crushing and conveying assembly; 210-Ploughing and crushing mechanism; 211-Crushing cover; 212-Transverse screw conveyor; 220-Side conveying channel; 231-Conveying chain; 232-Push rod; 241-Cutter roller shaft; 242-Y-shaped moving cutter; 243-Fixed cutter; 300-Tail material discharge channel; 400-Negative pressure pneumatic conveying and recovery assembly; 410-Centrifugal fan; 420-Air suction duct; 500-Fruit removal device; 600-Screening device; 700-Digging and conveying device; 710-Digging mechanism; 800-Transverse conveying auger. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 3The peanut combine harvester's vine and residue integrated recycling system shown is suitable for installation on the walking chassis of the peanut combine harvester; the system includes a grass collection box 100, and a pre-crushing and conveying assembly 200, a tail material discharge channel 300, and a negative pressure pneumatic conveying and recycling assembly 400 respectively supplying materials to the grass collection box 100;

[0037] The straw collection box 100 is a long strip structure extending from front to back. The peanut harvester's threshing device 500 is located close to the straw collection box 100. The threshing device 500 is a longitudinal flow structure extending from front to back, with material entering from its front end and exiting from its rear end. The threshing device 500 has a screening device 600 on its lower side. The negative pressure pneumatic conveying and recovery component 400 is located at the rear of the threshing device 500 and also at the tail end of the screening device 600. Thus, the straw collection box 100 is arranged along the material flow direction, which can conveniently collect the discharge from each stage.

[0038] The front end of the grass collection box 100 is provided with a front feed inlet 111; the end of the front crushing and conveying assembly 200 is connected to the front feed inlet 111 to convey the crushed peanut vines from the front of the machine into the box; the front crushing and conveying assembly 200 includes a front-mounted vine-cutting and crushing mechanism 210 and a side-mounted conveying channel 220; as Figure 4 As shown, the stalk cutting and crushing mechanism 210 is located in front of the digging and conveying device 700 in the peanut combine harvester. In this way, the stalk cutting and crushing mechanism 210 can cut off and crush the peanut stalks before the digging mechanism 710 digs out the peanut roots in the digging and conveying device 700, and then transport the crushed stalks to the grass collection box 100 through the side conveying channel 220, so as to avoid the stalks affecting the subsequent hulling, screening and other processes. After the digging and conveying device 700 digs out the peanut root and fruit parts, it is transported backward to the transverse conveying auger 800, and then converges to the inlet of the hulling device 500 via the transverse conveying auger 800.

[0039] The side wall of the grass collection box 100 is provided with a tail material interface 112; the tail material discharge channel 300 connects the outlet of the fruit removal device 500 to the tail material interface 112, so as to transport the root and stem residue after fruit removal into the grass collection box 100.

[0040] The rear end of the grass collection box 100 is provided with a rear inlet 113 connected to the negative pressure air conveying and recovery component 400, which is used to blow light impurities and fine roots in the screening process into the grass collection box 100 by airflow.

[0041] This invention, through an integrated grass collection box 100 combined with pre-crushing, tailings discharge, and negative pressure recovery components, achieves multi-source collection of peanut vine and root residues. Compared to traditional technologies, this system completes vine cutting and collection before digging, significantly reducing the amount of material entering the threshing device 500, significantly reducing the threshing load, and improving the threshing efficiency. Simultaneously, by collecting chopped vines, threshing residues, and light impurities from air intake into a single location, it effectively solves the structural bulkiness problem caused by multiple collection points in existing combine harvesters, improving the overall machine's compactness and operational efficiency.

[0042] Preferably, such as Figure 6 As shown, the grass collection box 100 includes a box body 110 and a discharge door 120. The upper edge of the discharge door 120 is rotatably connected to the box body 110 via a hinge. The box body 110 is equipped with a hydraulic drive component 130 for driving the discharge door 120 to open and close. The bottom of the grass collection box 100 is equipped with a guide ramp to facilitate material discharge. The front inlet 111, the tail inlet 112, and the rear inlet 113 are all located on the box body 110. Furthermore, the discharge door 120 is located on the outside of the entire peanut combine harvester. The discharge door 120 and the box body 110 are approximately equal in length in the front-to-back direction. Thus, opening the discharge door 120 allows the material in the grass collection box 100 to be discharged quickly, resulting in high discharge efficiency.

[0043] Preferably, the front crushing and conveying assembly 200 includes a crushing cover 211 horizontally placed at the front end of the machine and a transverse spiral conveyor 212 located behind the crushing cover 211; the crushing cover 211 has a set of seedling cutters; the discharge end of the transverse spiral conveyor 212 is connected to a side conveying channel 220, the side conveying channel 220 is arranged longitudinally along the side of the machine and connected to the front feed inlet 111.

[0044] The aforementioned pre-crushing and conveying assembly 200 constructs a vine bypass conveying line independent of the fruit removal path. This design allows the crushed fresh vines to directly bypass the digging and fruit removal processes and enter the straw collection box, avoiding interference from the vines with subsequent fruit removal and cleaning processes, and ensuring the cleanliness of the harvested samples.

[0045] In the above layout, the side conveying channel 220 is arranged in the same line as the grass collection box 100, and forms a U-shaped layout with the front crushing cover 211 and the rear negative pressure air conveying and recovery component 400.

[0046] The entire recycling system is arranged in a U-shape, which is reasonable and makes full use of the space on the sides and front and back of the machine. It does not affect the layout of the main components such as digging, conveying, threshing, and screening, and it is easy to modify and upgrade existing machines at low cost.

[0047] Preferably, such as Figure 5As shown, a conveyor chain 231 is installed within the side-mounted conveying channel 220. Multiple push rods 232 for pushing the chopped peanut stalks are dispersedly mounted on the conveyor chain 231. The edges of the push rods 232 have an array of teeth. Addressing the potential for entanglement or accumulation of chopped peanut stalks due to high moisture content, the spaced push rods 232 stably grasp and push the material backward, ensuring smooth and reliable long-distance conveying from the front of the machine to the rear-side straw collection box 100.

[0048] Preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the vine-cutting blade assembly includes a blade roller shaft 241 rotatably mounted relative to the crushing cover 211, with Y-shaped moving blades 242 distributed on the blade roller shaft 241. Multiple rows of fixed blades 243 are fixed inside the crushing cover 211, and these fixed blades 243 cooperate with the Y-shaped moving blades 242 to chop the vines. During operation, the Y-shaped moving blades 242 cut the vines from the ground surface of the peanut crop, working in conjunction with the fixed blades 243 to chop the vines, and then throw the chopped vines backward to the transverse spiral conveyor 212. This achieves a seamless connection between crushing and initial conveying. This refined crushing not only facilitates subsequent spiral and chain conveying and prevents entanglement, but also makes the recovered vines more suitable for feed utilization.

[0049] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, the negative pressure air conveying and recovery assembly 400 includes a centrifugal fan 410 and air suction ducts 420 located on both sides of the centrifugal fan. The bottom end of the air suction duct 420 is equipped with a height-adjustable telescopic port, allowing the distance between the telescopic port and the screen surface to be adjusted. The outlet of the centrifugal fan 410 is connected to the rear feed inlet 113 via a bent pipe. This structure can accurately remove light impurities such as broken leaves and fine roots mixed in with peanuts, significantly improving the cleanliness of the peanuts. The height-adjustable design of the telescopic port enhances the system's adaptability to different crop densities and impurity levels.

[0050] The longitudinal length of the grass collection box 100 covers the space from the front end of the fruit-threshing device 500 to the front end of the negative pressure pneumatic conveying and recovery component 400. The tail material interface 112 and the rear feed inlet 113 are staggered at the rear of the grass collection box 100 to avoid interference during feeding. The side-mounted elongated grass collection box 100 utilizes the lateral space of the chassis, which balances the weight distribution of the whole machine, maximizes the grass collection volume, avoids the machine being too wide, and meets the needs of recycling chopped seedlings and residues.

[0051] Preferably, such as Figure 7 As shown, a guide plate 140 is rotatably installed inside the container body 110; the lower end of the guide plate 140 is rotatably connected relative to the container body 110, and there is a gap between the lower end of the guide plate 140 and the bottom of the container body 110.

[0052] Preferably, the interior of the box body 110 is equipped with an adjustable partition 150. The partition 150 divides the interior space of the box body 110 into a seedling compartment and a waste material compartment. By adjusting the position of the partition 150, the volume of the seedling compartment and the waste material compartment can be adjusted to achieve a reasonable volume ratio between the two.

[0053] Preferably, the unloading gate 120 includes a front chamber gate and a rear chamber gate, which can be opened independently to realize separate unloading of seedling chamber and tail material chamber.

[0054] The guide plate 140 can rotate and switch between two states, such as Figure 7 As shown, in the first state, the upper end of the guide plate 140 abuts against the front side plate of the box body 110 and is located below the front feed inlet 111, and the guide plate 140 is inclined. At this time, the broken seedlings entering from the front feed inlet 111 are guided by the guide plate 140 into the rear half of the seedling compartment, that is, the half away from the front feed inlet 111. When the rear half of the seedling compartment is full of seedlings, the guide plate 140 is switched to the second state, as shown. Figure 8 As shown, at this time, the guide plate 140 is in an upright state, compressing the broken seedlings above the guide plate 140 to the rear half of the broken seedling chamber. Afterwards, the broken seedlings entering the front feed inlet 111 enter the front half of the seedling chamber until the front half is full. A fullness sensor is installed inside the seedling chamber. After the fullness sensor generates a preset trigger signal, the guide plate 140 switches from the first state to the second state. This sampling structure allows for full utilization of the seedling chamber, preventing the broken seedlings from failing to fill the entire chamber due to the large distance between the front and rear ends.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated recycling system for vines and residues of a peanut combine harvester, suitable for installation on the chassis of the peanut combine harvester; characterized in that: The system includes a grass collection box (100), and a pre-crushing and conveying assembly (200) that provides material to the grass collection box (100), a tail material discharge channel (300), and a negative pressure pneumatic conveying and recovery assembly (400), respectively. The front end of the grass collection box (100) is provided with a front feed inlet (111); the end of the front crushing and conveying assembly (200) is connected to the front feed inlet (111) so as to convey the crushed peanut vines from the front of the machine into the box. The side wall of the grass collection box (100) is provided with a tail material interface (112); the tail material discharge channel (300) is connected to the outlet of the fruit removal device (500) and the tail material interface (112) to transport the root and stem residue after fruit removal into the grass collection box (100); The rear end of the grass collection box (100) is provided with a rear inlet (113) connected to the negative pressure air conveying and recovery component (400), which is used to blow light impurities and fine roots in the screening process into the grass collection box (100) by airflow.

2. The integrated recycling system for vines and residues of a peanut combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grass collection box (100) includes a box body (110) and a discharge door (120); the upper edge of the discharge door (120) is rotatably connected to the box body (110) by a hinge, and the box body (110) is provided with a hydraulic drive component for driving the discharge door (120) to open and close; the bottom of the grass collection box (100) is provided with a guide plate.

3. The integrated recycling system for vines and residues of a peanut combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front crushing and conveying assembly (200) includes a crushing cover (211) placed horizontally at the front end of the machine and a transverse spiral conveyor (212) located behind the crushing cover (211); the crushing cover (211) has a set of seedling cutters inside; the discharge end of the transverse spiral conveyor (212) is connected to a side conveying channel (220), which is arranged longitudinally along the side of the machine and connected to the front feed inlet (111).

4. The integrated recycling system for vines and residues of a peanut combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that, A conveyor chain (231) is installed in the side-mounted conveyor channel (220), and multiple push rods (232) for pushing the broken seedlings are dispersedly installed on the conveyor chain (231). The edges of the push rods (232) have teeth arranged in an array.

5. The integrated recycling system for vines and residues of a peanut combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that, The seedling cutter assembly includes a cutter roller shaft (241) rotatably mounted relative to the crushing cover (211), on which Y-shaped moving blades (242) are distributed; and multiple rows of fixed blades (243) are fixed inside the crushing cover (211).

6. The integrated recycling system for vines and residues of a peanut combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure air conveying and recovery assembly (400) includes a centrifugal fan (410) and air suction ducts (420) located on both sides of the centrifugal fan; the air outlet of the centrifugal fan (410) is connected to the rear feed port (113) through a bend.

7. The integrated recycling system for vines and residues of a peanut combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, A guide plate (140) is rotatably installed inside the container body (110); the lower end of the guide plate (140) is rotatably connected relative to the container body (110), and there is a gap between the lower end of the guide plate (140) and the bottom of the container body (110).

8. The integrated recycling system for vines and residues of a peanut combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interior of the housing body (110) is equipped with a compartment (150) whose position can be adjusted.

9. The integrated recycling system for vines and residues of a peanut combine harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that, The unloading gate (120) includes a front chamber gate and a rear chamber gate, which can be opened independently.

Images