Asphalt-based hard carbon negative electrode material, method for regulating closed pore structure thereof and application thereof

By crosslinking treatment and structural parameter determination, the problem of difficult control of closed-pore structure in pitch-based hard carbon materials in the prior art has been solved, and the synergistic optimization of platform capacity and first coulombic efficiency has been achieved, improving the overall performance and preparation efficiency of sodium-ion battery anode materials.

CN122233360APending Publication Date: 2026-06-19DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
Filing Date
2026-05-20
Publication Date
2026-06-19

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing methods for preparing pitch-based hard carbon materials are difficult to precisely control the closed-pore structure, making it impossible to predict and optimize the platform capacity and first coulombic efficiency at the precursor stage. The lack of quantitative guidance results in long R&D cycles, high costs, and difficulty in achieving synergistic optimization of comprehensive sodium storage performance.

Method used

Asphalt-based raw materials are converted into thermosetting asphalt polymers through crosslinking treatment. By combining thermosetting determination and structural parameter determination, the structural state of crosslinking precursors is screened and controlled. The second-order gyroscope radius and mass fractal index of small-angle X-ray scattering test are used for prediction, and the carbonization treatment conditions are optimized to form the target closed-cell structure.

Benefits of technology

It achieves precise control of the closed-pore structure of hard carbon materials in the precursor stage, improves platform capacity, first coulombic efficiency and cycle stability, shortens the R&D cycle and improves preparation efficiency, establishes a quantitative correlation between structural parameters and performance, and is suitable for large-scale production.

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Abstract

This invention relates to an asphalt-based hard carbon anode material, a method for controlling its closed-cell structure, and its application, belonging to the technical field of sodium-ion battery anode materials. The steps are as follows: First, asphalt-based raw materials are mixed with a crosslinking agent to obtain a precursor mixture, which is then crosslinked to obtain a crosslinked precursor. Second, the crosslinked precursor is subjected to thermosetting property testing. If it passes the thermosetting property test, proceed to step four; if it fails, the crosslinking process is repeated. Third, the crosslinked precursor is subjected to structural parameter testing and condition screening. Finally, the screened crosslinked precursor is carbonized and post-treated under an inert atmosphere to obtain the asphalt-based hard carbon anode material. The asphalt-based hard carbon anode material is used as an anode material in sodium-ion batteries. This invention can predict and control the closed-cell structure parameters, BET specific surface area, and interlayer spacing of the hard carbon material at the precursor stage, achieving synergistic optimization of plateau capacity, initial coulombic efficiency, and cycle stability.
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