Activated carbon filter apparatus and method for water treatment

Abstract

This invention discloses an activated carbon filtration device and method for water treatment, relating to the technical field of water treatment equipment. The proposed solution includes a treatment tank containing an activated carbon bed. A water distributor is positioned above the activated carbon bed, and an active flow-dispersing mechanism is positioned below the water distributor. The active flow-dispersing mechanism includes multiple circumferentially distributed flow-dispersing plates, a transmission component driving the synchronous deflection of each flow-dispersing plate, and a flow-dispersing pocket located at the end of the transmission component. The flow-dispersing pocket has a mesh structure and contains a flow-guiding and disturbance layer composed of inert particles with a specific gravity greater than activated carbon. Through the structural cooperation between the water distributor and the flow-dispersing plates in the active flow-dispersing mechanism, dynamic zoning and control of the filtration flow field are achieved, thereby solving the problems of uneven water distribution and severe dead zones at the edges in conventional equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment equipment technology, and in particular to an activated carbon filtration device and method for water treatment. Background Technology

[0002] Activated carbon filtration is one of the key technologies in the field of advanced industrial wastewater treatment and reclaimed water reuse. It utilizes the well-developed pore structure and huge specific surface area of ​​activated carbon to remove residual dissolved organic matter, trace heavy metals, color and odor substances in water through physical adsorption, ensuring that the effluent water quality meets the standards.

[0003] Existing activated carbon filtration equipment mostly adopts vertical fixed bed pressure filters, which are filled with granular activated carbon filter media. Raw water flows through the filter bed from top to bottom to complete the purification. After a period of operation, the filtration capacity is restored by backwashing. At present, the water distribution device is mostly a fixed baffle or porous pipe structure, which has poor water distribution uniformity and is prone to the phenomenon of high flow velocity in the center and low flow velocity at the edge. This causes the activated carbon near the tank wall to be in the hydraulic dead zone for a long time. The effective utilization rate of the filter bed is only 60% to 70% of the filling amount, which wastes filter media and shortens the operation cycle. Furthermore, the backwashing process relies solely on hydraulic expansion to fluidize the filter media, which has limited ability to remove surface caking and adhesive contaminants. In addition, the backwash water flow is unevenly distributed across the tank cross-section, resulting in insufficient rinsing intensity in the edge areas. After long-term operation, the filter media is prone to caking and failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides an activated carbon filtration device for water treatment, comprising a treatment tank, an activated carbon bed inside the treatment tank, and a water distributor above the activated carbon bed. The water distributor is provided with an active flow disturbance mechanism below it. The active flow disturbance mechanism includes multiple flow disturbance plates distributed in a circumferential direction, a transmission component that drives each flow disturbance plate to deflect synchronously, and a flow disturbance pocket disposed at the end of the transmission component. The turbulence pocket has a mesh structure and contains a flow-guiding turbulence layer inside. The flow-guiding turbulence layer is composed of inert particles with a specific gravity greater than that of activated carbon. The transmission assembly is configured to simultaneously change the deflection angle of the spoiler and drive the spoiler pocket to move up and down when receiving driving power.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a vertically arranged adjusting shaft, a motor for driving the adjusting shaft to rotate, and a clutch gear disk sleeved on the adjusting shaft; Each spoiler has a driven bevel tooth at the end of its rotating shaft, and the clutch disc meshes with each driven bevel tooth.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the adjusting shaft is provided with a reciprocating spiral groove, and a connecting seat is sleeved on the bottom of the adjusting shaft. The inner hole of the connecting seat is provided with a protrusion that cooperates with the reciprocating spiral groove. The turbulence pocket is fixed to the bottom of the connecting seat by a connecting bracket.

[0008] Preferably, the active turbulence mechanism further includes a fixed cylinder, the bottom of which is provided with a guide rod, and the connecting seat is provided with a guide hole that cooperates with the guide rod, so as to limit the connecting seat to move only in the vertical direction.

[0009] Preferably, a spring is sleeved on the adjusting shaft, and the spring is used to provide axial compensation force for the clutch gear plate; The active aerodynamic mechanism also includes a mechanical limiting mechanism for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the aerodynamic vanes.

[0010] Preferably, the flow-guiding disturbance layer is composed of at least one of garnet or high-alumina ceramic spheres, and the particle size is larger than the mesh size of the disturbance pocket.

[0011] Preferably, the spoiler has two working states: an initial uniform distribution angle and a preset guide angle; At the initial uniform angle, the turbulence-distributing vanes guide the water flow to be evenly distributed across the cross-section of the treatment tank. At the preset guide angle, the turbulence deflector guides the water flow towards the side wall of the treatment tank.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the treatment tank is further provided with an annular dike, and the side wall of the treatment tank is provided with a backwash drainage flange connected to the dike; in the backwash state, the turbulence plate deflects to the backwash guide angle to guide the water flow and pollutants to converge towards the dike.

[0013] Preferably, the water distributor includes a fixed plate, a water distribution plate, and a sealing plate, which together form a water distribution space. The upper surface of the water distribution plate is provided with a radial diversion plate, and a water distribution groove is provided on the outer periphery.

[0014] An activated carbon filtration method for water treatment, applied to the aforementioned activated carbon filtration equipment for water treatment, includes the following steps: S1. Real-time acquisition of operating parameters characterizing the filter layer clogging status, including at least the filtration pressure difference value ΔP and the permeate turbidity value T; S2. Compare ΔP and T with the preset pressure difference threshold ΔP respectively. set and turbidity threshold T set Perform a comparison; S3, if ΔP≤ΔP set And T≤T set The active spoiler mechanism is controlled to keep the spoiler vanes at their initial uniform angle and the spoiler pocket in the descending position; if ΔP > ΔP set Or T > T setThe active spoiler mechanism is controlled to deflect the spoiler to a preset guide angle and raise the spoiler pocket simultaneously. S4. In backwashing mode, control the active turbulence mechanism to make the turbulence bucket reciprocate up and down, driving the flow-guiding turbulence layer to mechanically scrub the surface of the activated carbon bed.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. By combining the structure of the water distributor with the baffles in the active flow turbulence mechanism, dynamic zonal control of the filtration flow field is achieved, thereby solving the problems of uneven water distribution and severe dead zones at the edges in conventional equipment; 2. By adjusting the linkage structure of the synchronous drive of the turbulence deflection and the lifting of the turbulence sac, active disturbance intervention on the surface of the activated carbon bed is realized, thereby solving the problems of premature formation of dense filter cake and short filtration cycle; 3. Through the coordinated operation of the cofferdam, backwash drainage flange and turbulence bucket reciprocating lifting action, efficient directional sewage discharge and mechanical scrubbing are achieved in the backwashing stage, thus solving the problems of poor backwashing effect and high water consumption in conventional backwashing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an activated carbon filtration device for water treatment provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an activated carbon filtration device for water treatment provided by the present invention. Figure 3 This invention provides a partial cross-sectional view of the water distributor of an activated carbon filtration device for water treatment. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the active flow disturbance mechanism of an activated carbon filtration device for water treatment provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A partial structural schematic diagram of the active flow disturbance mechanism of an activated carbon filtration device for water treatment provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the active turbulence-disrupting mechanism of an activated carbon filtration device for water treatment provided by the present invention. Attached image description: 10. Treatment tank; 11. Inlet flange; 12. Outlet flange; 13. Backwash drain flange; 14. Support layer; 15. Dike; 16. Activated carbon bed; 20. Flow-guiding disturbance layer; 30. Water distributor; 31. Fixed plate; 32. Water distribution plate; 321. Diversion plate; 322. Water distribution trough; 33. Sealing plate; 40. Active spoiler mechanism; 41. Fixed cylinder; 411. Guide rod; 412. Limiting block; 42. Spoiler plate; 421. Driven bevel gear; 422. Limiting plate; 43. Adjusting shaft; 44. Clutch gear plate; 45. Connecting seat; 46. Spoiler pocket; 461. Connecting frame; 47. Spring; 50. Electric motor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following description is exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope, application, or use of this disclosure. It should be understood that in all these figures, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar parts and features. The figures are merely schematic representations of the concept and principles of embodiments of this disclosure and do not necessarily show the specific dimensions and scale of the various embodiments of this disclosure. Certain details or structures of embodiments of this disclosure may be exaggerated in particular portions of certain figures.

[0020] Example 1, see Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, an activated carbon filtration device for water treatment is used in industrial wastewater deep treatment or reclaimed water reuse systems. It includes a treatment tank 10, with an inlet flange 11 at the top and an outlet flange 12 at the bottom. In order to facilitate regular cleaning and maintenance, a backwash drain flange 13 is also provided on the side wall of the treatment tank 10. Furthermore, the inner side of the backwash drain flange 13 is connected to the annular weir 15 fixed inside the treatment tank 10. The weir 15 acts as a water collection trough during backwashing, ensuring that the rising dirty water does not create a dead zone vortex at the top of the tank, but instead passes over the weir 15 and is discharged.

[0021] The lower section inside the treatment tank 10 is filled with an activated carbon bed 16. The activated carbon bed 16 is supported by a support layer 14, which is composed of gravel of different particle sizes. This prevents the loss of activated carbon and also plays a role in uniformly collecting water.

[0022] A flow-guiding and agitating layer 20 is laid above the activated carbon bed 16. The flow-guiding and agitating layer 20 is composed of inert high-density particles with a relatively large specific gravity, such as garnet or high-alumina ceramic balls. This layer serves as an auxiliary water distribution layer during filtration to prevent the incoming water from directly impacting the activated carbon bed 16. Furthermore, during backwashing, the particles in this layer act as a scrubbing medium to clean the activated carbon.

[0023] A water distributor 30 is installed below the top inlet flange 11 of the treatment tank 10. The water distributor 30 includes a fixed plate 31, a water distribution plate 32, and a sealing plate 33. The three of them form a preliminary water distribution space. Radial diversion plates 321 are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the water distribution plate 32 to disperse the water entering from the center and achieve primary distribution to the edge of the tank through the water distribution groove 322 on the outer periphery of the water distribution plate 32.

[0024] An active flow disturbance mechanism 40 is fixed at the center of the lower part of the water distributor 30. The core function of this mechanism is to mechanically and dynamically intervene in the flow field inside the tank to prevent suspended matter from forming a dense filter cake on the surface of the activated carbon bed 16.

[0025] The active aerodynamic mechanism 40 includes a fixed cylinder 41, a deflector 42, an adjusting shaft 43, a clutch gear 44, a connecting seat 45, a deflector pocket 46, and a spring 47. The fixed cylinder 41 is fixed to the bottom of the water distribution plate 32, the baffles 42 are distributed along the outer periphery of the fixed cylinder 41, and the end of its rotating shaft is provided with driven bevel teeth 421. The adjusting shaft 43 passes through the water distribution plate 32 and is driven by the motor 50 on the top of the tank. The clutch gear 44 is sleeved on the adjusting shaft 43 and meshes with each driven bevel tooth 421. The torque transmission and axial sliding compensation are realized by using the keyway structure.

[0026] The bottom of the adjusting shaft 43 is provided with a reciprocating spiral groove and a connecting seat 45 is fitted on it; the bottom of the fixed cylinder 41 is provided with a guide rod 411 to restrict the connecting seat 45 to only move up and down; a turbulence pocket 46 is connected to the bottom of the connecting seat 45 through a connecting frame 461; the flow-guiding turbulence layer 20 is placed in the turbulence pocket 46, and its shape is a basket-shaped mesh structure.

[0027] For example, when the influent water quality is stable and the pressure difference is low, the motor 50 drives the adjustment shaft 43 to the initial phase. At this time, the baffle 42 is at a horizontal or slightly tilted angle. This angle is specially configured to evenly distribute the water flow falling from the distributor 30 to the entire cross-section of the tank, avoiding the central jet phenomenon commonly found in conventional filters. At this time, the baffle 46 sinks to the surface of the activated carbon bed 16, and the flow guiding baffle layer 20 remains flat. After the water flow is evenly distributed twice by the flat flow guiding baffle layer 20, it smoothly enters the activated carbon bed 16. In this mode, the water flow velocity field is uniform, and the deep dirt-holding capacity of the activated carbon bed 16 is fully utilized, effectively extending the filtration cycle. When the concentration of suspended solids in the influent increases or the filtration differential pressure rises to a preset threshold, indicating a risk of surface clogging, the control unit determines that a risky operating condition has been entered. The drive motor 50 actuates, and the clutch disc 44 drives the driven bevel gear 421, causing the turbulence vane 42 to deflect synchronously to a preset guide angle. At this angle, the water flow is forcibly guided towards the sidewall of the treatment tank 10. This action forcibly alters the streamlines within the tank, activating the low-velocity edge dead zone in conventional filtration. The high-speed sidewall flow disrupts the bridging conditions that allow suspended solids to form a continuous filter cake on the surface of the activated carbon bed 16. Simultaneously, it adjusts... As shaft 43 rotates, the reciprocating spiral groove forces connecting seat 45 to rise along guide rod 411. Connecting seat 45 drives turbulence pocket 46 to rise, scooping up local flow-guiding turbulence layer 20 particles. As turbulence pocket 46 rises, the originally flat flow-guiding turbulence layer 20 converges towards the center. With the deflection of turbulence plate 42, the water flow enhances the shear change in the middle before entering activated carbon bed 16 through flow-guiding turbulence layer 20, forming a micro-turbulence flow field. This pushes suspended matter on the surface of activated carbon bed 16 to the edge, actively delaying the formation time of dense filter cake and maintaining a high water production flux.

[0028] When the pressure difference reaches the backwash set value, filtration stops, and backwash water flows into the treatment tank 10 from bottom to top. At this time, the active turbulence mechanism 40 plays a role in enhancing the cleaning effect. The baffle plate 42 is adjusted to be angled to the horizontal plane, guiding the rising dirty water to converge at the weir 15, preventing the dirty water from rolling back down on the top of the tank; at the same time, the baffle 46 performs a reciprocating lifting and lowering motion, which drives the high-density particles of the flow guiding and baffle layer 20 to perform in-situ mechanical compression and friction on the activated carbon bed 16 below in an expanded fluidized state, solving the problem that conventional backwashing cannot remove stubborn deposits by relying solely on hydraulic friction and wastes water.

[0029] Furthermore, to avoid motion interference, after the deflector 42 reaches the limit block 412, the spring 47 allows the clutch gear 44 to slide axially to compensate for the subsequent lifting stroke of the deflector 46, ensuring smooth operation of the mechanism.

[0030] This embodiment achieves dynamic adjustment of the filtration flow field and a significant improvement in backwash self-cleaning capability through the structural cooperation of the active flow disturbance mechanism 40 with the cofferdam 15 and backwash drainage flange 13, effectively solving the problems of uneven water distribution, numerous dead zones at the edges, and high water consumption during backwashing in traditional deep filtration equipment.

[0031] Example 2: Based on the above examples, an activated carbon filtration method for water treatment is applied to the activated carbon filtration equipment for water treatment. The method collects operating status parameters, dynamically judges the risk of filter layer blockage, and drives the active flow disturbance mechanism 40 to perform corresponding actions to achieve adaptive adjustment of the filtration flow field.

[0032] It also includes a control unit, a differential pressure transmitter, an online turbidity meter, and a frequency converter. Specifically, the control unit is electrically connected to the differential pressure transmitter installed on the inlet and outlet water pipelines of the treatment tank 10, the online turbidity meter on the product water pipeline, and the frequency converter of the motor 50.

[0033] The methods include: Real-time acquisition of operating parameters characterizing the filter layer clogging status; these operating parameters include at least: The filter pressure difference, denoted as ΔP, is obtained by calculating the difference from the pressure sensors installed on the inlet flange 11 side and the outlet flange 12 side. The turbidity value of the product water, marked as T, is collected by an online turbidity meter installed downstream of the outlet flange 12; The collected operating parameters are compared with preset thresholds to generate operating condition judgment results. The preset thresholds are set by the operator based on the design flux of activated carbon bed 16, influent water quality characteristics, and discharge standards. Specifically, they include pressure difference threshold and turbidity threshold, respectively denoted as ΔP. set and T set .

[0034] The control unit performs a logical comparison between the real-time data collected by S1 and the threshold: If ΔP≤ΔP set And T≤T set If so, it is determined that the current filtering condition is stable, and a reset command is generated; If ΔP>ΔP set Or T>T set If any condition is met, it is determined that there is a risk of filter layer blockage or penetration, and a turbulence adjustment command is generated.

[0035] Based on the working condition judgment results, the control motor 50 drives the adjustment shaft 43 to move, and synchronously adjusts the deflection angle of the spoiler 42 and the vertical height of the spoiler pocket 46.

[0036] When a reset command is generated: the control unit first obtains the current position feedback signal of the motor 50 or the adjusting shaft 43, such as the encoder angle value; if the current position corresponds to the initial state, that is, the baffle 42 is at the horizontal uniform distribution angle and the baffle 46 is at the bottom dead point, the motor 50 remains stationary; if the current position deviates from the initial state, the control motor 50 is reversed to drive the adjusting shaft 43 to reset until the baffle 42 rotates back to the initial uniform distribution angle, guiding the water flow to be evenly distributed on the cross-section of the treatment tank 10; the baffle 46 descends to the bottom of the flow guiding baffle layer 20, the flow guiding baffle layer 20 returns to a flat state, ensuring that the water flow smoothly enters the activated carbon bed 16.

[0037] When a turbulence adjustment command is generated: the control unit controls the motor 50 to rotate forward, driving the adjustment shaft 43 to rotate at a preset angle. The clutch gear 44 drives each turbulence plate 42 to deflect synchronously to a preset guide angle through the driven bevel gear 421, guiding the water flow to concentrate towards the side wall of the treatment tank 10 and activating the edge flow field. At the same time, the reciprocating spiral groove at the bottom of the adjusting shaft 43 drives the connecting seat 45 to rise along the guide rod 411, which in turn drives the turbulence pocket 46 to rise synchronously; the flow-guiding turbulence layer 20 converges towards the center under the turbulence pocket 46's scooping effect.

[0038] After the backwashing procedure is triggered, the enhanced cleaning control logic is executed. When the filtration cycle ends or the pressure difference reaches the backwashing forced setting value, the system automatically enters the backwashing mode. While the backwashing water pump starts and the backwashing water flows from bottom to top, the control unit executes the following control logic: the drive motor 50 is activated, causing the baffle plate 42 to deflect to the backwashing guide angle, guiding the rising water flow and the stripped pollutants to converge towards the weir 15, and then orderly discharge them through the backwashing drain flange 13; the drive baffle 46 then performs multiple reciprocating lifting and lowering movements, driving the high-density particles of the guide baffle layer 20 to mechanically scrub the surface of the activated carbon bed 16.

[0039] The purpose is to automatically switch between two flow modes, namely stable water distribution and active turbulence, based on the real-time operating status. This ensures the deep filtration efficiency under normal operating conditions, while also proactively intervening when the risk of clogging increases, delaying filter cake formation, and significantly improving the cleaning effect during the backwashing stage.

[0040] The exemplary implementation of the solution proposed in this disclosure has been described in detail above with reference to preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and alterations can be made to the above specific embodiments without departing from the spirit of this disclosure, and various combinations can be made to the various technical features and structures proposed in this disclosure without exceeding the protection scope of this disclosure, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An activated carbon filtration device for water treatment, comprising a treatment tank (10), an activated carbon bed (16) disposed inside the treatment tank (10), and a water distributor (30) disposed above the activated carbon bed (16), characterized in that, The water distributor (30) is provided with an active flow disturbance mechanism (40) below it. The active flow disturbance mechanism (40) includes multiple flow disturbance plates (42) distributed in a circumferential direction, a transmission component that drives each flow disturbance plate (42) to deflect synchronously, and a flow disturbance pocket (46) provided at the end of the transmission component. The turbulence pocket (46) has a mesh structure and contains a flow-guiding turbulence layer (20) inside. The flow-guiding turbulence layer (20) is composed of inert particles with a specific gravity greater than that of activated carbon. The transmission assembly is configured to simultaneously change the deflection angle of the spoiler (42) and drive the spoiler pocket (46) to move up and down when receiving driving power.

2. The activated carbon filtration device for water treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a vertically arranged adjusting shaft (43), a motor (50) that drives the adjusting shaft (43) to rotate, and a clutch gear (44) sleeved on the adjusting shaft (43). Each spoiler (42) has a driven bevel tooth (421) at the end of its rotating shaft, and the clutch disc (44) meshes with each driven bevel tooth (421).

3. The activated carbon filtration device for water treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the adjusting shaft (43) is provided with a reciprocating spiral groove, and the bottom of the adjusting shaft (43) is provided with a connecting seat (45), and the inner hole of the connecting seat (45) is provided with a protrusion that cooperates with the reciprocating spiral groove; The turbulence pocket (46) is fixed to the bottom of the connecting seat (45) by the connecting bracket (461).

4. The activated carbon filtration device for water treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The active turbulence mechanism (40) also includes a fixed cylinder (41), the bottom of which is provided with a guide rod (411), and the connecting seat (45) is provided with a guide hole that cooperates with the guide rod (411) to limit the connecting seat (45) to move only in the vertical direction.

5. An activated carbon filtration device for water treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, A spring (47) is sleeved on the adjusting shaft (43), and the spring (47) is used to provide axial compensation elastic force for the clutch gear (44); The active spoiler mechanism (40) also includes a mechanical limiting mechanism for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the spoiler (42).

6. The activated carbon filtration device for water treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow-guiding disturbance layer (20) is composed of at least one of garnet or high-alumina ceramic spheres, and the particle size is larger than the mesh size of the disturbance pocket (46).

7. An activated carbon filtration device for water treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbulence plate (42) has two working states: initial uniform distribution angle and preset guide angle; At the initial uniform distribution angle, the turbulence plate (42) guides the water flow to be evenly distributed on the cross-section of the treatment tank (10); At the preset guide angle, the turbulence plate (42) guides the water flow to concentrate towards the side wall of the treatment tank (10).

8. The activated carbon filtration device for water treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the treatment tank (10) is also provided with an annular weir (15), and the side wall of the treatment tank (10) is provided with a backwash drainage flange (13) connected to the weir (15); in the backwash state, the turbulence plate (42) deflects to the backwash guide angle to guide the water flow and pollutants to converge towards the weir (15).

9. An activated carbon filtration device for water treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water distributor (30) includes a fixed plate (31), a water distribution plate (32) and a sealing plate (33), which together form a water distribution space. The upper surface of the water distribution plate (32) is provided with a radial diversion plate (321) and a water distribution groove (322) is provided on the outer periphery.

10. A method for activated carbon filtration for water treatment, applied to the activated carbon filtration equipment for water treatment as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Real-time acquisition of operating parameters characterizing the filter layer clogging status, including at least the filtration pressure difference value ΔP and the permeate turbidity value T; S2. Compare ΔP and T with the preset pressure difference threshold ΔP respectively. set and turbidity threshold T set Perform a comparison; S3, if ΔP≤ΔP set And T≤T set The active spoiler mechanism (40) is controlled to keep the spoiler (42) at the initial uniform angle and the spoiler pocket (46) in the descending position; if ΔP > ΔP set Or T > T set The active turbulence control mechanism (40) is controlled to deflect the turbulence vane (42) to a preset guide angle and the turbulence pocket (46) rises synchronously. S4. In the backwashing mode, control the active turbulence mechanism (40) to make the turbulence bucket (46) move back and forth, and drive the flow-guiding turbulence layer (20) to mechanically scrub the surface of the activated carbon bed (16).

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