Lightweight wear-resistant ceramic and method for its production

Abstract

This invention relates to a lightweight wear-resistant ceramic and its preparation method, belonging to the field of ceramic materials technology. The lightweight wear-resistant ceramic disclosed in this invention consists of a body and a glaze. The body uses starch as a pore-forming agent and undergoes rapid heating and sintering. The exterior of the body is heated and the pore-forming agent is rapidly carbonized, forming macropores and interconnected pores. Then, microwave heating is used for sintering, ensuring uniform heating and carbonization of the pore-forming agent. The resulting internal pores are uniform in size and predominantly closed-cell. Further heating and slow cooling effectively prevent cracking of the body. Diamond microparticles are added to the glaze as second-phase particles to inhibit Al2O3 grain growth and encapsulate them within the crystals to form an intracrystalline structure, transforming the fracture mode of the ceramic from intergranular fracture to transgranular fracture. The addition of composite rare earth oxides not only promotes crystal refinement but also promotes liquid phase formation, thus lowering the sintering temperature. The ceramic obtained through the preparation method of this invention is lightweight and wear-resistant, while also possessing excellent mechanical properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ceramic materials technology, and relates to a lightweight wear-resistant ceramic and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Lightweight daily-use ceramics require a low weight while still meeting usage requirements, reducing the amount of raw materials used in the ceramic body and lowering energy consumption to a certain extent. Currently, the main approaches to making ceramics lightweight are increasing the porosity of the ceramic body and thinning for reinforcement. However, increasing the porosity of ceramics presents challenges such as difficulty in controlling the type, quantity, and size of pores in the body and insufficient flexural strength. On the other hand, thinning for reinforcement can reduce the load-bearing capacity of green bodies and finished ceramic products and increase the likelihood of damage during transportation and use.

[0003] At the same time, although daily-use ceramics have the characteristics of high mechanical strength, good thermal stability, chemical corrosion resistance, environmental protection, and beautiful durability, the quality of the glaze of daily-use ceramics directly affects the appearance of the ceramics as well as cleaning and use. Especially when used as tableware with Western cutlery, due to insufficient wear resistance of the glaze, silver-gray metallic scratches that are not easy to clean and remove will be generated on the glaze surface, forming various scratches on the glaze surface, directly affecting the appearance of daily-use ceramics and shortening their service life.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the problems of insufficient mechanical strength and wear resistance of porous ceramic bodies, this invention proposes a lightweight wear-resistant ceramic and its preparation method. Based on the existing technology, further optimizations are made to prepare a lightweight and wear-resistant ceramic with excellent mechanical properties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention relates to a lightweight wear-resistant ceramic and its preparation method, belonging to the field of ceramic materials technology. The lightweight wear-resistant ceramic disclosed in this invention consists of a body and a glaze. The body uses starch as a pore-forming agent and undergoes rapid heating and sintering. The exterior of the body is heated and the pore-forming agent is rapidly carbonized, forming macropores and interconnected pores. Then, microwave heating is used for sintering, ensuring uniform heating and carbonization of the pore-forming agent. The resulting internal pores are uniform in size and predominantly closed-cell. Further heating and slow cooling effectively prevent cracking of the body. Diamond microparticles are added to the glaze as second-phase particles to inhibit Al2O3 grain growth and encapsulate them within the crystals to form an intracrystalline structure, transforming the fracture mode of the ceramic from intergranular fracture to transgranular fracture. The addition of composite rare earth oxides not only promotes crystal refinement but also promotes liquid phase formation, thus lowering the sintering temperature. The ceramic obtained through the preparation method of this invention is lightweight and wear-resistant, while also possessing excellent mechanical properties.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A lightweight wear-resistant ceramic comprises two parts: a body and a glaze. The main raw material of the body is clay, and the glaze is composed of corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxides in a mass ratio of 80-85:2-3:3-5, wherein the composite rare earth oxides are composed of La2O3 and Y2O3 in a mass ratio of 1-3:1.

[0008] Furthermore, the method for preparing the embryo includes the following steps:

[0009] (1) Grind the clay, sieve it to obtain powder, and then mix it with pore-forming agent and sintering aid to obtain a mixture;

[0010] (2) The mixture is added to an agate ball milling jar, anhydrous ethanol is added and ball milling is performed to obtain a slurry. The slurry is placed in a drying oven and dried into a solid. Then PVA binder is added and mixed. After grinding, it is molded into a green mold and then placed in an energy-saving box furnace to remove the glue.

[0011] (3) After the glue is removed, the green body is placed in a hot press sintering furnace under nitrogen protection and heated rapidly. Then it is placed in a microwave sintering device for further sintering. After heat preservation, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the green body.

[0012] Further, in step (1), the sieve mesh size is 100-200 mesh, and the mass ratio of the powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid is 80-100:30:8-10, wherein the pore-forming agent is starch and the sintering aid is Y2O3.

[0013] Further, in step (2), the mass ratio of the mixture to anhydrous ethanol is 1-1.5:5, the ball milling time and speed are 24h and 300-600r / min, respectively, the drying oven temperature and time are 60-70℃ and 12-15h, respectively, the water content of the solid is 8-12%, the mass ratio of the solid to PVA binder is 100:6-8, and the molding pressure and time are 5-6MPa and 15s, respectively.

[0014] Further, step (3) rapid heating sintering refers to heating to 220-280℃ at 8-12℃ / min, the temperature and time for continued sintering are 1200-1500℃ and 2-3h respectively, the temperature and time for heat preservation are 1350-1400℃ and 1-2h respectively, and the cooling rate is 3-4℃ / min.

[0015] Furthermore, the glaze is prepared by taking corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxide, adding deionized water, mixing and grinding them in a ball mill, and then sieving to obtain the glaze.

[0016] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the diamond micro powder to deionized water is 2-3:30-50, the ball milling time and speed are 24-28h and 600-800r / min, respectively, and the sieve mesh size is 325 mesh.

[0017] Furthermore, the preparation method of the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic is as follows: apply glaze to the body, then sinter it, and cool it to room temperature to obtain the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic.

[0018] Furthermore, the sintering temperature and time are 1500-1650℃ and 2-3h, respectively.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] 1. The green body prepared by this invention uses starch as a pore-forming agent and is sintered by controlling the heating rate. The outer surface of the green body is first heated and the pore-forming agent is rapidly carbonized to form macropores and interconnected pores. Then, microwave heating is used for sintering, so that the pore-forming agent inside the green body is uniformly heated and carbonized, and the resulting pores are of uniform size and are mainly closed pores. After heat preservation and slow cooling, the cracking of the green body is effectively avoided. The double sintering method ensures that the pore size inside the green body is uniform, avoids the decrease in mechanical strength of the porous green body, and the formation of macropores and interconnected pores on the outside enhances the embedding of the glaze on the surface of the green body and improves the bonding strength.

[0021] 2. Adding diamond microparticles to the glaze as second-phase particles inhibits the growth of Al2O3 grains and encapsulates them within the crystals to form an intracrystalline structure, thus changing the fracture mode of the ceramic from intergranular fracture to transgranular fracture. The addition of composite rare earth oxides not only promotes crystal refinement but also promotes liquid phase generation, thereby reducing the sintering temperature. The ceramics obtained by the preparation method of this invention are lightweight and wear-resistant, and also possess excellent mechanical properties. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with embodiments, is provided below.

[0023] The clay involved in this invention has the following chemical composition: 55.64% SiO2, 39.12% Al2O3, 2.61% K2O, 0.54% Na2O, 0.14% CaO, 0.27% MgO, 1.47% Fe2O3, and 0.21% other components; the corundum has the following chemical composition: 0.31% SiO2, 99.42% Al2O3, 0.07% Fe2O3, 0.08% Na2O, and 0.12% other components. % Other; Diamond micron powder was purchased from Forsmann Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., CAS No. 7782-40-3, with a particle size of 15μm; Composite rare earth oxides had a particle size of 5nm; Starch was purchased from Zhengzhou Tianzhu Starch Products Co., Ltd.; PVA binder was purchased from Wuhan Meiqilin New Materials Co., Ltd., model MQ-35; Silicon carbide was purchased from Henan Nuoda New Materials Co., Ltd., with a particle size of 15μm; Glaze thickness was 0.5±0.01mm.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A lightweight wear-resistant ceramic comprises two parts: a body and a glaze. The main raw material of the body is clay, and the glaze is composed of corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxides in a mass ratio of 80:2:3, wherein the composite rare earth oxides are composed of La2O3 and Y2O3 in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0026] The method for preparing the embryo includes the following steps:

[0027] (1) Grind the clay, sieve it to obtain powder, and then mix it with pore-forming agent and sintering aid to obtain a mixture;

[0028] (2) The mixture is added to an agate ball milling jar, anhydrous ethanol is added and ball milling is performed to obtain a slurry. The slurry is placed in a drying oven and dried into a solid. Then PVA binder is added and mixed. After grinding, it is molded into a green mold and then placed in an energy-saving box furnace to remove the glue.

[0029] (3) After the glue is removed, the green body is placed in a hot press sintering furnace under nitrogen protection and heated rapidly. Then it is placed in a microwave sintering device for further sintering. After heat preservation, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the green body.

[0030] In step (1), the sieve mesh size is 100 mesh, and the mass ratio of the powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid is 80:30:8, wherein the pore-forming agent is starch and the sintering aid is Y2O3.

[0031] In step (2), the mass ratio of the mixture to anhydrous ethanol is 1:5, the ball milling time and speed are 24h and 300r / min, the drying oven temperature and time are 60℃ and 12h, the water content of the solid is 8%, the mass ratio of the solid to PVA binder is 100:6, and the molding pressure and time are 5MPa and 15s, respectively.

[0032] The rapid heating sintering in step (3) refers to heating to 220°C at 8°C / min, the sintering temperature and time for continued sintering are 1200°C and 2h respectively, the holding temperature and time are 1350°C and 1h respectively, and the cooling rate is 3°C / min.

[0033] The glaze is prepared by taking corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxide, adding deionized water, mixing and grinding in a ball mill, and then sieving to obtain the glaze.

[0034] The mass ratio of diamond micro powder to deionized water is 2:30, the ball milling time and speed are 24h and 600r / min, respectively, and the sieve mesh size is 325 mesh.

[0035] The preparation method of the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic is as follows: apply glaze to the body, then sinter it, and cool it to room temperature to obtain the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic.

[0036] The sintering temperature and time were 1500℃ and 2h, respectively.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A lightweight wear-resistant ceramic comprises two parts: a body and a glaze. The main raw material of the body is clay, and the glaze is composed of corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxides in a mass ratio of 82:2.5:4. The composite rare earth oxides are composed of La2O3 and Y2O3 in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0039] The method for preparing the embryo includes the following steps:

[0040] (1) Grind the clay, sieve it to obtain powder, and then mix it with pore-forming agent and sintering aid to obtain a mixture;

[0041] (2) The mixture is added to an agate ball milling jar, anhydrous ethanol is added and ball milling is performed to obtain a slurry. The slurry is placed in a drying oven and dried into a solid. Then PVA binder is added and mixed. After grinding, it is molded into a green mold and then placed in an energy-saving box furnace to remove the glue.

[0042] (3) After the glue is removed, the green body is placed in a hot press sintering furnace under nitrogen protection and heated rapidly. Then it is placed in a microwave sintering device for further sintering. After heat preservation, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the green body.

[0043] In step (1), the sieve mesh size is 150 mesh, and the mass ratio of the powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid is 90:30:9, wherein the pore-forming agent is starch and the sintering aid is Y2O3.

[0044] In step (2), the mass ratio of the mixture to anhydrous ethanol is 1.2:5, the ball milling time and speed are 24h and 450r / min, the drying oven temperature and time are 65℃ and 13.5h, the water content of the solid is 10%, the mass ratio of the solid to PVA binder is 100:7, and the molding pressure and time are 5.5MPa and 15s, respectively.

[0045] The rapid heating sintering in step (3) refers to heating to 250°C at 10°C / min, the sintering temperature and time for continued sintering are 1350°C and 2.5h respectively, the holding temperature and time are 1380°C and 1.5h respectively, and the cooling rate is 3.5°C / min.

[0046] The glaze is prepared by taking corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxide, adding deionized water, mixing and grinding in a ball mill, and then sieving to obtain the glaze.

[0047] The mass ratio of diamond micro powder to deionized water is 2.5:40, the ball milling time and speed are 26h and 700r / min, respectively, and the sieve mesh size is 325 mesh.

[0048] The preparation method of the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic is as follows: apply glaze to the body, then sinter it, and cool it to room temperature to obtain the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic.

[0049] The sintering temperature and time were 1580℃ and 2.5h, respectively.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A lightweight wear-resistant ceramic comprises two parts: a body and a glaze. The main raw material of the body is clay, and the glaze is composed of corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxides in a mass ratio of 85:3:5, wherein the composite rare earth oxides are composed of La2O3 and Y2O3 in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0052] The method for preparing the embryo includes the following steps:

[0053] (1) Grind the clay, sieve it to obtain powder, and then mix it with pore-forming agent and sintering aid to obtain a mixture;

[0054] (2) The mixture is added to an agate ball milling jar, anhydrous ethanol is added and ball milling is performed to obtain a slurry. The slurry is placed in a drying oven and dried into a solid. Then PVA binder is added and mixed. After grinding, it is molded into a green mold and then placed in an energy-saving box furnace to remove the glue.

[0055] (3) After the glue is removed, the green body is placed in a hot press sintering furnace under nitrogen protection and heated rapidly. Then it is placed in a microwave sintering device for further sintering. After heat preservation, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the green body.

[0056] In step (1), the sieve mesh size is 200 mesh, and the mass ratio of the powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid is 100:30:10, wherein the pore-forming agent is starch and the sintering aid is Y2O3.

[0057] In step (2), the mass ratio of the mixture to anhydrous ethanol is 1.5:5, the ball milling time and speed are 24h and 600r / min, the drying oven temperature and time are 70℃ and 15h, the water content of the solid is 12%, the mass ratio of the solid to PVA binder is 100:8, and the molding pressure and time are 6MPa and 15s, respectively.

[0058] The rapid heating sintering in step (3) refers to heating to 280°C at 12°C / min, the sintering temperature and time for continued sintering are 1500°C and 3h respectively, the holding temperature and time are 1400°C and 2h respectively, and the cooling rate is 4°C / min.

[0059] The glaze is prepared by taking corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxide, adding deionized water, mixing and grinding in a ball mill, and then sieving to obtain the glaze.

[0060] The mass ratio of diamond micro powder to deionized water is 3:50, the ball milling time and speed are 28h and 800r / min, respectively, and the sieve mesh size is 325 mesh.

[0061] The preparation method of the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic is as follows: apply glaze to the body, then sinter it, and cool it to room temperature to obtain the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic.

[0062] The sintering temperature and time were 1650℃ and 3h, respectively.

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] Based on Example 2, the heating rate of rapid heating sintering in step (3) of the embryo preparation process was adjusted to 7℃ / min, while other conditions remained the same as in Example 2.

[0065] Comparative Example 2

[0066] Based on Example 2, the heating rate of rapid heating sintering in step (3) of the embryo preparation process was adjusted to 13℃ / min, while other conditions remained the same as in Example 2.

[0067] Comparative Example 3

[0068] Based on Example 2, a lightweight wear-resistant ceramic is provided, comprising two parts: a body and a glaze. The main raw material of the body is clay, and the glaze is composed of corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxides in a mass ratio of 82:2.5:4. The composite rare earth oxides are composed of La2O3 and Y2O3 in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0069] The method for preparing the embryo includes the following steps:

[0070] (1) Grind the clay, sieve it to obtain powder, and then mix it with pore-forming agent and sintering aid to obtain a mixture;

[0071] (2) The mixture is added to an agate ball milling jar, anhydrous ethanol is added and ball milling is performed to obtain a slurry. The slurry is placed in a drying oven and dried into a solid. Then PVA binder is added and mixed. After grinding, it is molded into a green mold and then placed in an energy-saving box furnace to remove the glue.

[0072] (3) The green embryo after degumming is placed in a microwave sintering device for sintering, and after heat preservation, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the embryo body.

[0073] In step (1), the sieve mesh size is 150 mesh, and the mass ratio of the powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid is 90:30:9, wherein the pore-forming agent is starch and the sintering aid is Y2O3.

[0074] In step (2), the mass ratio of the mixture to anhydrous ethanol is 1.2:5, the ball milling time and speed are 24h and 450r / min, the drying oven temperature and time are 65℃ and 13.5h, the water content of the solid is 10%, the mass ratio of the solid to PVA binder is 100:7, and the molding pressure and time are 5.5MPa and 15s, respectively.

[0075] The sintering temperature and time in step (3) are 1350℃ and 2.5h, respectively; the heat preservation temperature and time are 1380℃ and 1.5h, respectively; and the cooling rate is 3.5℃ / min.

[0076] The glaze is prepared by taking corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxide, adding deionized water, mixing and grinding in a ball mill, and then sieving to obtain the glaze.

[0077] The mass ratio of diamond micro powder to deionized water is 2.5:40, the ball milling time and speed are 26h and 700r / min, respectively, and the sieve mesh size is 325 mesh.

[0078] The preparation method of the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic is as follows: apply glaze to the body, then sinter it, and cool it to room temperature to obtain the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic.

[0079] The sintering temperature and time were 1580℃ and 2.5h, respectively.

[0080] Comparative Example 4

[0081] Based on Example 2, a lightweight wear-resistant ceramic is provided, comprising two parts: a body and a glaze. The main raw material of the body is clay, and the glaze is composed of corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxides in a mass ratio of 82:2.5:4. The composite rare earth oxides are composed of La2O3 and Y2O3 in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0082] The method for preparing the embryo includes the following steps:

[0083] (1) Grind the clay, sieve it to obtain powder, and then mix it with pore-forming agent and sintering aid to obtain a mixture;

[0084] (2) The mixture is added to an agate ball milling jar, anhydrous ethanol is added and ball milling is performed to obtain a slurry. The slurry is placed in a drying oven and dried into a solid. Then PVA binder is added and mixed. After grinding, it is molded into a green mold and then placed in an energy-saving box furnace to remove the glue.

[0085] (3) After the glue is removed, the green embryo is placed in a hot press sintering furnace under nitrogen protection and heated rapidly. After heat preservation, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the embryo body.

[0086] In step (1), the sieve mesh size is 150 mesh, and the mass ratio of the powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid is 90:30:9, wherein the pore-forming agent is starch and the sintering aid is Y2O3.

[0087] In step (2), the mass ratio of the mixture to anhydrous ethanol is 1.2:5, the ball milling time and speed are 24h and 450r / min, the drying oven temperature and time are 65℃ and 13.5h, the water content of the solid is 10%, the mass ratio of the solid to PVA binder is 100:7, and the molding pressure and time are 5.5MPa and 15s, respectively.

[0088] The rapid heating sintering in step (3) refers to heating to 250°C at 10°C / min, with the holding temperature and time being 1380°C and 1.5h respectively, and the cooling rate being 3.5°C / min.

[0089] The glaze is prepared by taking corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxide, adding deionized water, mixing and grinding in a ball mill, and then sieving to obtain the glaze.

[0090] The mass ratio of diamond micro powder to deionized water is 2.5:40, the ball milling time and speed are 26h and 700r / min, respectively, and the sieve mesh size is 325 mesh.

[0091] The preparation method of the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic is as follows: apply glaze to the body, then sinter it, and cool it to room temperature to obtain the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic.

[0092] The sintering temperature and time were 1580℃ and 2.5h, respectively.

[0093] Comparative Example 5

[0094] Based on Example 2, the diamond powder in the glaze was removed, while other conditions remained the same as in Example 2.

[0095] Comparative Example 6

[0096] Based on Example 2, the diamond micro powder in the glaze was removed and replaced with an equal mass of silicon carbide, while other conditions remained the same as in Example 2.

[0097] Comparative Example 7

[0098] Based on Example 2, La2O3 in the composite rare earth oxide was removed and replaced with an equal mass of Y2O3, while other conditions remained the same as in Example 2.

[0099] Comparative Example 8

[0100] Based on Example 2, Y2O3 in the composite rare earth oxide was removed and replaced with an equal mass of La2O3, while other conditions remained the same as in Example 2.

[0101] Performance testing

[0102] Density test: The lightweight wear-resistant ceramics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were used as samples, and the bulk density of the samples was determined according to Archimedes' displacement method; the uniformity of pore size in the cross-section of the samples was observed using a scanning electron microscope.

[0103] Hardness test: The Vickers hardness of the sample was measured using a micro Vickers hardness tester with a load of 10 N and a loading time of 5 s. Five measurements were taken and the average value was recorded.

[0104] Flexural strength: Cut the specimen into a length, width and height of 5mm×6mm×36mm, use a material testing machine (WDS-5), test three times and take the average value as the flexural strength;

[0105] Abrasion resistance test: The test samples were tested according to the test methods in GB / T3810.7-2016 "Test methods for ceramic tiles - Part 7: Determination of abrasion resistance of glazed tile surfaces";

[0106] Transmittance measurement: The glaze powder is applied to the blank powder, with the glaze powder thickness being 5 mm and the blank powder thickness being 2 mm. The blank powder is pressed into a block shape and sintered at 1500℃. The blank is then removed and processed into a thin sheet. The transmittance of the thin sheet is measured using GB / T2680-94 Method for Determination of Direct Solar Transmittance of Architectural Glass. The glazes prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-8 are tested.

[0107] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0108] Table 1 Test Results

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] Analysis of the results in Table 1 shows that the densities of Examples 1-3 are between 0.94 and 0.96, and their flexural strength, abrasion resistance, and light transmittance are all superior to those of Comparative Examples 1-8. Furthermore, the cross-sectional pore sizes are uniformly distributed. Comparative Examples 1-2 involved decreasing or increasing the sintering rate during the preparation of the preform. When the sintering heating rate decreased, although the external pores of the preform were interconnected, the number of large pores decreased, and the density increased. However, the reduced bonding strength between the preform and the glaze led to a decrease in hardness, flexural strength, and wear resistance. When the sintering heating rate increased, numerous large pores and cracks appeared on the surface of the preform, resulting in a decrease in hardness and flexural strength, while the bonding with the glaze remained unaffected, and its wear resistance was unaffected. Comparative Example 3 directly used microwave sintering. The cross-section showed that the preform had uniform pore size and increased density. However, the lack of large pores and interconnected pores on the surface of the preform limited the embedding of the glaze, reducing the bonding strength and consequently weakening the flexural strength and wear resistance. Comparative Example 4 used direct sintering. Due to uneven heating, numerous interconnected pores appeared within the preform, making the hardness and flexural strength decrease. The mechanical strength is weakened, but the bonding with the glaze is not affected, and its wear resistance is still level 4. In Comparative Example 5, diamond micro powder is removed from the glaze. Due to the small proportion of the added material, the effect on density is small. However, due to the lack of second phase material, it is difficult to inhibit grain growth and does not form an intracrystalline structure, which leads to a significant decrease in the hardness, flexural strength and wear resistance of the material. It can also be seen that the addition of diamond micro powder does not affect the light transmittance. In Comparative Example 6, silicon carbide is used to replace diamond micro powder. Obviously, the mechanical strength is weakened. This is not only related to the material of diamond micro powder itself, but also to the fact that diamond micro powder has a better effect on inhibiting grain growth than silicon carbide. In addition, the addition of silicon carbide reduces the light transmittance. In Comparative Examples 7-8, one of the composite rare earth oxides is removed. The mechanical properties of the material are reduced. This is because the composite rare earth oxide is beneficial to the grain refinement.

[0112] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight, wear-resistant ceramic, characterized in that, The lightweight wear-resistant ceramic comprises two parts: a body and a glaze. The main raw material of the body is clay, and the glaze is composed of corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxides in a mass ratio of 80-85:2-3:3-5. The composite rare earth oxides are composed of La2O3 and Y2O3 in a mass ratio of 1-3:

1.

2. The lightweight wear-resistant ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the embryo includes the following steps: (1) Grind the clay, sieve it to obtain powder, and then mix it with pore-forming agent and sintering aid to obtain a mixture; (2) The mixture is added to an agate ball milling jar, anhydrous ethanol is added and ball milling is performed to obtain a slurry. The slurry is placed in a drying oven and dried into a solid. Then PVA binder is added and mixed. After grinding, it is molded into a green mold and then placed in an energy-saving box furnace to remove the glue. (3) After the glue is removed, the green body is placed in a hot press sintering furnace under nitrogen protection and heated rapidly. Then it is placed in a microwave sintering device for further sintering. After heat preservation, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the green body.

3. The lightweight wear-resistant ceramic according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the sieve mesh size is 100-200 mesh, and the mass ratio of the powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid is 80-100:30:8-10, wherein the pore-forming agent is starch and the sintering aid is Y2O3.

4. The lightweight wear-resistant ceramic according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (2), the mass ratio of the mixture to anhydrous ethanol is 1-1.5:5, the ball milling time and speed are 24h and 300-600r / min, respectively, the drying oven temperature and time are 60-70℃ and 12-15h, respectively, the water content of the solid is 8-12%, the mass ratio of the solid to PVA binder is 100:6-8, and the molding pressure and time are 5-6MPa and 15s, respectively.

5. The lightweight wear-resistant ceramic according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rapid heating sintering in step (3) refers to heating to 220-280℃ at 8-12℃ / min, the sintering temperature and time for continued sintering are 1200-1500℃ and 2-3h respectively, the holding temperature and time are 1350-1400℃ and 1-2h respectively, and the cooling rate is 3-4℃ / min.

6. The lightweight wear-resistant ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glaze is prepared by taking corundum, diamond micro powder and composite rare earth oxide, adding deionized water, mixing and grinding in a ball mill, and then sieving to obtain the glaze.

7. The lightweight wear-resistant ceramic according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mass ratio of diamond micro powder to deionized water is 2-3:30-50, the ball milling time and speed are 24-28h and 600-800r / min, respectively, and the sieve mesh size is 325 mesh.

8. The lightweight wear-resistant ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic is as follows: apply glaze to the body, then sinter it, and cool it to room temperature to obtain the lightweight wear-resistant ceramic.

9. A lightweight wear-resistant ceramic according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sintering temperature and time are 1500-1650℃ and 2-3h, respectively.

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