Adjustable concrete precast block for high and steep slope protection

Abstract

This invention discloses an adjustable precast concrete block for steep slope protection, relating to the field of precast concrete blocks. It includes a precast concrete block body with permeable holes on its surface. The outer side of the precast concrete block body is provided with a modified mortise and tenon structure, which ensures vertical locking between the precast concrete blocks. This adjustable precast concrete block for steep slope protection effectively improves the stability of the protection structure through its interlocking and mortise and tenon structure, effectively solving the difficulties in the construction of steep slope protection for large ship locks, achieving excellent slope protection results. Furthermore, the precast blocks are prefabricated in the factory and transported to the construction site for installation, reducing the working time and difficulty for construction personnel on steep slopes, lowering the safety risks associated with working at heights, and demonstrating the stable structure and good connection performance of the precast blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precast concrete block technology, specifically to adjustable precast concrete blocks for steep slope protection. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of large-scale ship lock projects, the protection of steep slopes is the key to ensuring the safe and stable operation of the project. The terrain of steep slopes is complex, the construction space is narrow, and large construction equipment is difficult to operate, which makes traditional operations such as erecting formwork and tying steel bars extremely difficult and inefficient. Moreover, construction workers face high safety risks when working on steep slopes, such as falls and other safety accidents.

[0003] For example, the patent with announcement number CN115648395A describes a prefabricated concrete block for slope reinforcement, which includes a box body. A lifting structure is provided on one side of the box body. The lifting structure includes a lifting plate, a lifting rod, a movable rod, a spring, a fixed seat, a pedal, a rotating shaft, an anti-slip block, a fixed rod, and a connecting plate. When a downward pressure is applied to the pedal, the fixed rod will move downward through the fixed seat. The prefabricated concrete block for slope reinforcement has a lifting structure. The lifting structure can rotate and move around the rotating shaft by the cooperation between the fixed rod and the movable rod, and can be reset by the spring. In this way, the prefabricated concrete block can be lifted out of the box body with effort by stepping on the pedal.

[0004] For example, the patent with announcement number CN118563796A describes a precast concrete block for slope protection in permafrost areas, which includes a first side plate, a second side plate, and a top plate. The first side plate and the second side plate are integrally formed with the top plate as precast concrete blocks with grooves at the bottom. This allows for direct contact cooling of the slope surface before heat enters the roadbed, thereby enhancing the strength of the permafrost. It can also be used for slope treatment of in-service roadbeds, thereby improving the overall stability of the slope and the strength of local vulnerable areas of the slope.

[0005] For example, patent CN216108565U discloses a precast slope frame block, which includes a frame body. The frame body includes a first precast block and a second precast block. Concrete nails are provided between adjacent first precast blocks. Transverse ribs are provided in the middle of the lower surface of both the first and second precast blocks. A second side block is provided at one end of the upper surface of the second precast block. This utility model can increase the embedment depth of the first and second precast blocks in the soil by setting transverse ribs, longitudinal ribs, and semi-circular grooves, so that they are better fixed in the soil layer. By setting concrete nails, the first and second precast blocks can be squeezed into the soil layer by concrete nails, so that the first and second precast blocks are firmly fixed on the soil surface.

[0006] Most of the existing technologies mentioned above improve the overall structure, while traditional cast-in-place construction methods are greatly affected by natural factors such as weather. Once severe weather occurs, the construction progress will be severely hampered. It is impossible to achieve rapid assembly to adapt to different slope ratios through modular design and adjustable structure. The overall construction progress is slow, the personnel input is large, and there are certain potential safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide adjustable precast concrete blocks for high and steep slope protection, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the construction progress being severely hampered by severe weather, the inability to quickly assemble according to different slope ratios through modular design and adjustable structure, the slow overall construction progress, the large personnel input, and the potential safety risks.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] An adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection includes a precast concrete block body with permeable holes on its surface. A modified mortise and tenon structure is provided on the outer side of the precast concrete block body to ensure vertical locking between the blocks. An interlocking auxiliary structure is also provided on the outer surface of the precast concrete block body to improve the tightness of the interlocking between adjacent blocks. A fixed anti-slip tooth component is provided on the lower surface of the precast concrete block body. This fixed anti-slip tooth component has a triangular structure and contacts the slope, increasing the friction between the precast concrete block body and the slope.

[0010] Furthermore, the improved mortise and tenon structure is provided with an externally reserved tenon component, which is located at the outer end of the precast concrete block body, and reserved protrusions are provided on both sides of the externally reserved tenon component.

[0011] Furthermore, a pre-set mortise is provided on the outer surface of the precast concrete block body, and the pre-set mortise has a trapezoidal structure. The pre-set mortise fits into the externally reserved tenon component. A pre-set mating groove is provided on the outer side of the pre-set mortise, and the position of the pre-set mating groove corresponds to that of the reserved protrusion component.

[0012] Furthermore, the concrete precast block body is connected to the pre-set groove on the surface of another concrete precast block body through an external pre-reserved tenon component, and the external pre-reserved tenon component has a trapezoidal structure, and the external pre-reserved tenon component and the pre-reserved protrusion component are integrated into one structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the reserved protrusion is engaged with the preset mating groove on the outside of the preset mortise, and the reserved protrusion extends laterally along the outside of the external reserved tenon.

[0014] Furthermore, the engagement auxiliary structure is provided with auxiliary engagement teeth, which are located on both sides of the precast concrete block body. The auxiliary engagement teeth are trapezoidal in shape, and the auxiliary engagement teeth on the left and right sides of the precast concrete block body are staggered. When the precast concrete blocks come into contact with each other, they engage with each other through the staggered auxiliary engagement teeth.

[0015] Furthermore, the interior of the precast concrete block body is provided with reserved longitudinal steel bars, and reserved transverse steel bars are provided on the outside of the reserved longitudinal steel bars, and the reserved longitudinal steel bars and reserved transverse steel bars are spot-welded into an integrated structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner side of the external pre-reserved tenon component is provided with a pre-reserved locking hole, and the inner side of the pre-reserved locking hole is nested with a pre-reserved fastening threaded component, and the outer side of the pre-reserved fastening threaded component is connected with an external connecting component, thereby assisting in the connection of the fastening state between the concrete precast blocks through the external connecting component.

[0017] Furthermore, the external pre-reserved tenon component on the outer side of the precast concrete block body is subjected to auxiliary thread locking treatment with the external mating component through the fastening pre-reserved thread component, and the external mating component and the fastening pre-reserved thread component are detachably connected.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] This adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection effectively improves the stability of the protection structure through interlocking and mortise and tenon joints, effectively solving the difficulties in the construction of high and steep slope protection for large ship locks and achieving good slope protection results. At the same time, the precast blocks are transported to the construction site for installation after being prefabricated in the factory, which reduces the working time and difficulty of construction personnel on high and steep slopes and reduces the safety risks caused by working at heights. The stable structure and good connection performance of the precast blocks also improve the overall safety of the slope protection structure and reduce the probability of safety accidents caused by the instability of the protection structure.

[0020] Furthermore, the main body is made of high-strength concrete, which has good compressive strength, weather resistance and erosion resistance. The concrete precast block body is in the shape of a regular block. The trapezoidal modified mortise and tenon structure, together with the reserved protruding parts and the pre-set docking groove, greatly improves the connection tightness of the upper and lower concrete precast blocks and reduces the possibility of relative displacement. The auxiliary interlocking teeth on the side further restrict the horizontal movement of the concrete precast block body through staggered interlocking, so that the entire protective structure can play a more stable protective role when facing slope soil pressure or external impact.

[0021] Furthermore, longitudinal and transverse reinforcing bars are pre-embedded inside the precast concrete block. The reinforcing mesh enhances the overall strength of the precast concrete block and improves its resistance to deformation. It can effectively prevent the precast block from cracking when the slope experiences slight displacement or is subjected to external impact. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the precast concrete block body of the present invention in half section.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anti-slip tooth component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pre-set groove of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure with reserved longitudinal reinforcing bars in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the permeable holes of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the central part of the structure;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a half-section three-dimensional structural diagram of the external pre-reserved tenon component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the auxiliary biting teeth of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Concrete precast block body; 2. External reserved tenon component; 3. Reserved protrusion component; 4. Pre-set mortise; 5. Pre-set mating groove; 6. Auxiliary interlocking teeth; 7. Reserved longitudinal reinforcing bar; 8. Reserved transverse reinforcing bar; 9. Fixed anti-slip tooth component; 10. Reserved locking hole; 11. External mating part; 12. Fastening reserved threaded part; 13. Water permeable hole. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-9 This invention provides the following technical solution: an adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection. To address the challenges of complex terrain, narrow construction space, and difficulty in deploying large construction equipment on high and steep slopes, which makes traditional formwork erection and rebar tying extremely difficult and inefficient, and exposes workers to high safety risks such as falls, this invention discloses a precast concrete block body 1 with permeable holes 13 on its surface. These holes allow for timely drainage of accumulated water from the slope, reducing the water content of the slope soil and improving slope stability. An improved mortise and tenon structure is provided on the outer side of the precast block body 1. The improved mortise and tenon structure ensures the vertical locking state between the precast concrete block bodies 1. The outer surface of the precast concrete block body 1 is provided with an interlocking auxiliary structure to improve the interlocking tightness between adjacent precast concrete block bodies 1. The lower surface of the precast concrete block body 1 is provided with a fixed anti-slip tooth component 9. The fixed anti-slip tooth component 9 has a triangular structure and contacts the slope. The fixed anti-slip tooth component 9 increases the friction between the precast concrete block body 1 and the slope.

[0034] The improved mortise and tenon structure is equipped with an external pre-reserved tenon component 2, which is located at the outer end of the precast concrete block body 1. The external pre-reserved tenon component 2 has pre-reserved protrusions 3 on both side walls. A pre-set mortise 4 is formed on the outer surface of the precast concrete block body 1, and the pre-set mortise 4 has a trapezoidal structure. The pre-set mortise 4 fits into the external pre-reserved tenon component 2. A pre-set mating groove 5 is formed on the outer side of the pre-set mortise 4, and the pre-set mating groove 5 corresponds to the position of the pre-set protrusions 3. The precast concrete block body 1 forms a mortise and tenon connection with the pre-set mortise 4 on the surface of another precast concrete block body 1 through the external pre-reserved tenon component 2. Component 2 has a trapezoidal structure, and the external reserved tenon component 2 and the reserved protrusion component 3 are integrated. The reserved protrusion component 3 is engaged and connected through the preset docking groove 5 on the outside of the preset mortise 4. The reserved protrusion component 3 extends laterally along the outside of the external reserved tenon component 2. The trapezoidal modified tenon and mortise structure, together with the reserved protrusion component 3 and the preset docking groove 5, greatly improves the connection tightness of the upper and lower concrete precast block bodies 1 and reduces the possibility of relative displacement. The auxiliary interlocking teeth 6 on the side further restrict the horizontal movement of the concrete precast block body 1 through staggered interlocking, so that the entire protective structure can play a more stable protective role when facing slope soil pressure or external impact.

[0035] During the fabrication of the precast concrete block body 1, a dedicated steel mold is made according to the design dimensions and shape of the precast concrete block body 1. For the modified mortise and tenon structure, forming components matching the trapezoidal external reserved tenon component 2 and the pre-set mortise 4 are machined on the mold at corresponding positions. Simultaneously, pre-set protruding components 3 are set on both sides of the forming component of the external reserved tenon component 2, and strip-shaped pre-set mating grooves 5 are set on both sides of the forming component of the pre-set mortise 4. The inner wall of the forming component of the pre-set mortise 4 is rounded. For the auxiliary interlocking teeth 6 on the side, corresponding trapezoidal tooth-shaped forming structures are set on the side of the mold. Furthermore, according to design requirements, the reserved longitudinal reinforcing bars 7 and reserved transverse reinforcing bars 8 are processed into a reinforcing mesh. The dimensions of the reinforcing mesh should be... To match the internal space of the precast concrete block body 1, the steel mesh is fixed at the intersection by spot welding or binding. The prepared steel mesh is placed into the mold to ensure its accurate position and that it does not conflict with the embedded parts and other components in the mold. Then, the mixed concrete is slowly poured into the mold and vibrated to ensure that the concrete is dense and free of voids, honeycomb and other defects. During the vibration process, special attention should be paid to the vibration of complex parts such as the modified tenon and mortise structure and the auxiliary interlocking teeth 6 to ensure that the concrete fills every corner of the mold. At the same time, the vibrator should be kept away from touching the steel mesh and the forming parts in the mold to avoid affecting their position and shape. When the concrete is poured to the top of the precast concrete block body 1, the surface is smoothed to make the surface of the precast block flat and smooth.

[0036] Before installing the precast concrete block body 1, the steep slope is prepared by removing loose soil, rocks, and other debris to make the surface smooth. Based on the design drawings, surveying and layout are carried out on the slope to determine the installation position and arrangement of the precast concrete block body 1. Control points are set at the top and bottom of the slope. The horizontal and vertical alignment of the precast concrete block body 1 is ensured using string lines or measuring instruments such as a total station. After transporting the precast concrete block body 1 to the construction site, it is laid up one block at a time, starting from the bottom of the slope, using a crane or manual labor. The trapezoidal external tenon 2 of the previous precast concrete block body 1 is aligned with the next precast concrete block body 1. The trapezoidal pre-set groove 4 of the precast concrete block 1 allows the strip-shaped pre-set protrusion 3 of the external pre-set tenon component 2 to be embedded into the pre-set mating groove 5 of the precast groove 4, achieving a tight connection. At the same time, it ensures that the auxiliary interlocking teeth 6 on the side interlock with each other. After the precast block is installed, it is used to fix it. The fixed anti-slip tooth component 9 at the bottom of the concrete precast block body 1 is embedded into the slope to increase the friction between the concrete precast block body 1 and the slope. For some parts with high stability requirements, anchor rods or anchor cables can be used to anchor the concrete precast block body 1 to the slope rock or soil to further improve the stability of the slope protection structure. The length, diameter and anchoring depth of the anchor rods or anchor cables are determined according to the geological conditions and design requirements of the slope.

[0037] Example 2: Based on Example 1, to address the technical issues of slow overall construction progress, high personnel input, and potential safety risks caused by the inability to achieve rapid assembly adaptable to different slope ratios through modular design and adjustable structures, an interlocking auxiliary structure is also disclosed. Its specific structure is as follows:

[0038] The interlocking auxiliary structure is provided with auxiliary interlocking teeth 6, which are located on both sides of the precast concrete block body 1. The auxiliary interlocking teeth 6 are trapezoidal in shape, and the auxiliary interlocking teeth 6 on the left and right sides of the precast concrete block body 1 are staggered. When the precast concrete block bodies 1 come into contact with each other, they mesh with each other through the staggered auxiliary interlocking teeth 6.

[0039] The interior of the precast concrete block body 1 is provided with reserved longitudinal reinforcing bars 7, and reserved transverse reinforcing bars 8 are provided on the outside of the reserved longitudinal reinforcing bars 7. The reserved longitudinal reinforcing bars 7 and reserved transverse reinforcing bars 8 are spot-welded as an integrated structure. The inner side of the external reserved tenon component 2 is provided with a reserved locking hole 10, and the inner side of the reserved locking hole 10 is nested with a fastening reserved threaded component 12. The outer side of the fastening reserved threaded component 12 is connected with an external connecting component 11. The external connecting component 11 is used to assist in the fastening state between the precast concrete block bodies 1. The external reserved tenon component 2 on the outside of the precast concrete block body 1 is subjected to auxiliary thread locking treatment with the fastening reserved threaded component 12 and the external connecting component 11. The precast concrete block body 1 is detachably connected with the threaded parts 12. The precast concrete block body 1 is a regular block shape. The trapezoidal modified tenon and mortise structure, together with the reserved protruding parts 3 and the preset docking grooves 5, greatly improves the connection tightness between the upper and lower precast concrete block bodies 1 and reduces the possibility of relative displacement. The auxiliary interlocking teeth 6 on the side further restrict the horizontal movement of the precast concrete block body 1 through staggered interlocking, so that the entire protective structure can withstand the pressure of the slope soil or the impact of external forces. Inside the precast concrete block body 1, there are also reserved longitudinal steel bars 7 and reserved transverse steel bars 8. The steel mesh can enhance the overall strength of the precast concrete block body 1 and improve its resistance to deformation. When the slope is slightly displaced or subjected to external force impact, it can effectively prevent the precast blocks from cracking.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection, comprising a precast concrete block body (1), wherein the surface of the precast concrete block body (1) is provided with permeable holes (13), characterized in that: The outer side of the precast concrete block body (1) is provided with a modified tenon and mortise structure. The modified tenon and mortise structure ensures the vertical locking state between the precast concrete block bodies (1). The outer surface of the precast concrete block body (1) is provided with an interlocking auxiliary structure. The interlocking auxiliary structure improves the interlocking tightness between adjacent precast concrete block bodies (1). The lower surface of the precast concrete block body (1) is provided with a fixed anti-slip tooth component (9). The fixed anti-slip tooth component (9) has a triangular structure and contacts the slope. The fixed anti-slip tooth component (9) increases the friction between the precast concrete block body (1) and the slope.

2. The adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The improved mortise and tenon structure is provided with an externally reserved tenon component (2), and the externally reserved tenon component (2) is located at the outer end of the concrete precast block body (1), and reserved protrusions (3) are provided on both sides of the externally reserved tenon component (2).

3. The adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the precast concrete block body (1) is provided with a pre-set mortise (4), and the pre-set mortise (4) is trapezoidal in shape. The pre-set mortise (4) fits into the external pre-reserved tenon component (2). The outer side of the pre-set mortise (4) is provided with a pre-set mating groove (5), and the position of the pre-set mating groove (5) corresponds to that of the pre-reserved protrusion component (3).

4. The adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The precast concrete block body (1) is connected to the pre-set groove (4) on the surface of another precast concrete block body (1) by an external pre-reserved tenon component (2). The external pre-reserved tenon component (2) has a trapezoidal structure and the external pre-reserved tenon component (2) and the pre-reserved protrusion component (3) have an integrated structure.

5. The adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reserved protrusion (3) is engaged and connected through the preset docking groove (5) outside the preset mortise (4), and the reserved protrusion (3) extends laterally along the outside of the external reserved tenon (2).

6. The adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bite-assisted structure is provided with auxiliary bite teeth (6), and the auxiliary bite teeth (6) are provided on both sides of the concrete precast block body (1). The auxiliary bite teeth (6) are trapezoidal in shape, and the auxiliary bite teeth (6) on the left and right sides of the concrete precast block body (1) are staggered. When the concrete precast block bodies (1) come into contact with each other, they mesh with each other through the staggered auxiliary bite teeth (6).

7. The adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The interior of the precast concrete block body (1) is provided with reserved longitudinal steel bars (7), and reserved transverse steel bars (8) are provided on the outside of the reserved longitudinal steel bars (7). The reserved longitudinal steel bars (7) and the reserved transverse steel bars (8) are spot-welded integrated structures.

8. The adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner side of the external pre-reserved tenon component (2) is provided with a pre-reserved locking hole (10), and the inner side of the pre-reserved locking hole (10) is nested with a fastening pre-reserved threaded component (12), and the outer side of the fastening pre-reserved threaded component (12) is connected with an external connecting component (11). The external connecting component (11) is used to assist in the fastening state between the concrete precast block bodies (1).

9. The adjustable precast concrete block for high and steep slope protection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The external tenon component (2) on the outside of the concrete precast block body (1) is subjected to auxiliary thread locking treatment with the external docking component (11) by fastening the reserved threaded component (12), and the external docking component (11) and the fastening reserved threaded component (12) are detachably connected.

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