A battery pack protection device

Abstract

This invention proposes a battery pack protection device, comprising: a base, a first cover and a second cover that are rotatable on the surface of the base, and an outer post for stacking on the edge of the base; it also includes a positioning block on the surface of the base, the surface of the positioning block having an outer block, a bottom plate on the surface of the first cover, a rotatable connecting rod on the surface of the bottom plate, a locking block at one end of the connecting rod engaging with the outer block, a first outer shell on the surface of the first cover, and a fixed plate on the surface of the connecting rod. Through a fluid feedback loop consisting of an airbag, a one-way valve, and a cylinder, the external destructive vibration energy is converted into internal active locking power in real time, achieving dynamic self-balancing and self-repairing capabilities where the more severe the vibration, the tighter the lock becomes. This effectively eliminates the gap accumulation of traditional rigid connections under cyclic loads. In addition, the coupling of the interlocking sawtooth and displacement compensation design greatly enhances the static friction damping of the contact surface, ensuring ultra-steady protection of the internal structure of the battery pack under all operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery pack protective shells, and more particularly to a battery pack protection device. Background Technology

[0002] As the energy density of power batteries increases, the safety of battery packs in transportation and operating environments becomes increasingly critical. Current protection devices mostly adopt bolted connections or simple snap-fit ​​structures between fixed covers and bases.

[0003] However, in existing technologies, when multiple battery packs are stacked vertically, the load on the top layer often acts directly on the bottom cover, causing stress deformation of the cover and reducing sealing performance. Because the protection device is under long-term vibration conditions, traditional passive fasteners are prone to cumulative mechanical fatigue and loosening, resulting in physical gaps between the cover and the base, which in turn can damage the internal cells. Existing locking mechanisms lack action logic verification, and in the event of a violent collision, the cover is very likely to unexpectedly detach due to the instantaneous impact force exceeding the latching threshold, causing serious secondary accident risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology. The present invention proposes a battery pack protection device.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a battery pack protection device, comprising: a base, a first cover and a second cover that are rotatable on the surface of the base, and an outer post disposed on the edge of the base for stacking; It also includes a positioning block set on the surface of the base, an outer block on the surface of the positioning block, a bottom plate set on the surface of the cover, a rotatable connecting rod on the surface of the bottom plate, a locking block at one end of the connecting rod that engages with the outer block, an outer shell set on the surface of the cover, a fixed plate set on the surface of the connecting rod, and a pressure block set on the surface of the outer shell that is linked with the fixed plate.

[0006] Preferably, the outer shell is provided with a lower column connected to the pressure block, the surface of the outer shell is provided with a limiting frame, and the surface of the pressure block is provided with an upper column connected to the limiting frame. When the pressure block rotates around the lower column, the upper column slides inside the limiting frame.

[0007] Preferably, the outer casing is provided with a support inside, and the surface of the support is provided with an elastic element that is connected to the pressure block.

[0008] Preferably, the surface of the pressure block one is provided with an arc plate, the inside of the bracket is provided with a slot five, the inside of the slot five is provided with a slidable inner plate, the surface of the inner plate is provided with a slot three, and the surface of the bracket is provided with a slot four corresponding to the arc plate. When the slot three on the surface of the inner plate is aligned with the slot four, the arc plate passes through the slot four and the slot three, and the pressure block one rotates relative to the lower column.

[0009] Preferably, the slot five is provided with an elastic element three that connects to the inner plate, and one end of the inner plate is provided with an expansion opening that contacts the fixed plate.

[0010] Preferably, the surface of the first pressing block is provided with an elastic band, one end of which is provided with a push block, and the surface of the first pressing block is provided with a second slot corresponding to the push block.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the outer shell is provided with a groove, and the interior of the groove is provided with an elastic element 2 that is connected to the push block.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the outer shell is provided with an outer shell second, and the interior of the outer shell first and the outer shell second are provided with an inner column connected to the pressure block first. The surface of the pressure block first is provided with a cylinder for support, the surface of the cylinder is provided with an air pipe, one end of the air pipe is connected to an air bag, and the surface of the air bag is provided with an upper block that contacts the fixed plate.

[0013] Preferably, the surface of the pressure block one is provided with a slot six that connects to the inner column, the surfaces of the outer shell one and the outer shell two are provided with a one-way valve that restricts the position of the pressure block one, the middle contact point of the pressure block one is provided with interlocking serrations, and the lower end of the cylinder is provided with a connecting plate that connects to the outer shell one and the outer shell two.

[0014] Preferably, the air tube is provided with a one-way valve in the middle, so that when the gas inside the airbag enters the cylinder, the gas cannot return to the airbag.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include: constructing an independent load transmission path through the external columns vertically set at the edge of the base, so that the vertical stress generated by stacking bypasses the cover and is directly guided to the ground, eliminating the risk of the cover being deformed by pressure; using a multi-stage transmission chain composed of connecting rods, positioning blocks and linkage pressure blocks, the manual downward pressure is converted into a powerful geometric interference lock, which improves the system's ability to prevent accidental opening under collision conditions; through the fluid feedback loop composed of airbags, one-way valves and cylinders, the external destructive vibration energy is converted into internal active locking power in real time, realizing the dynamic self-balancing and self-repairing ability that the more severe the vibration, the tighter the lock becomes, effectively eliminating the gap accumulation of traditional rigid connections under cyclic loads; in addition, the coupling of the biting sawtooth and displacement compensation design greatly enhances the static friction damping of the contact surface, ensuring the ultra-stable protection of the internal structure of the battery pack under all working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts. Wherein: Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows the structure of a battery pack protection device in the closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the structure of a battery pack protection device in its deployed state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 The diagram schematically illustrates the internal structure of a battery pack protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows the structural schematics of cover one and cover two according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 The diagram schematically illustrates a linkage structure proposed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 The schematic diagram shows a shell structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 The schematic diagram shows a cross-sectional structure of the outer shell according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 The schematic diagram shows a schematic internal structure of the outer shell according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 The schematic diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the support structure proposed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 The schematic diagram shows the internal structure of the support according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 The schematic diagram shows the structural schematics of outer shell one and outer shell two according to embodiment two of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 The schematic diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the outer shell 1 and outer shell 2 as proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 13 The schematic diagram shows the internal structure of outer shell one and outer shell two according to embodiment two of the present invention.

[0029] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Cover 1; 2. Cover 2; 3. Outer column; 4. Base; 5. Gas spring; 6. Limiting block; 7. Lower plate; 8. Upper plate; 9. Connecting rod; 10. Base plate; 11. Positioning block; 12. Locking block; 13. Outer block; 14. Fixed plate; 15. Pressing block 1; 16. Outer shell 1; 17. Pushing block; 18. Slot 1; 19. Slot 2; 20. Limiting frame; 21. Upper column; 22. Lower column 23. Bracket; 24. Arc plate; 25. Elastic component one; 26. Inner plate; 27. Elastic band; 28. Elastic component two; 29. ​​Elastic component three; 30. Slot three; 31. Slot four; 32. Slot five; 33. Outer shell two; 34. Pressure block two; 35. Upper block; 36. Inner column; 37. Slot six; 38. Airbag; 39. Cylinder; 40. Connecting plate; 41. Air pipe; 42. One-way valve; Detailed Implementation

[0030] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0032] Example 1 According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figures 1-6 As shown, the base 4 is usually made of high-strength aluminum alloy or composite material to balance the requirements of lightweight and rigidity. On the surface of the base 4, there are symmetrically arranged rotatable cover 1 and cover 2. This double-door cover structure is coupled to the edge of the base 4 through hinges, realizing the rapid opening and closing of the protective cavity.

[0033] To achieve modular space utilization, the four edges of the base 4 extend vertically upwards with outer columns 3. The top and bottom of the outer columns 3 are designed with nested geometric interfaces, which allows multiple battery pack protection devices to be stacked vertically like building blocks. The huge static load generated by the stacking can be directly transferred to the ground through the outer columns 3 without generating compressive stress on the inner cover 1 and cover 2, thus ensuring the reliability of the cover opening mechanism.

[0034] At the underlying implementation of the locking mechanism, a positioning block 11 is fixedly provided on the surface of the base 4. The upper end of the positioning block 11 is machined with a U-shaped outer block 13. Correspondingly, the inner surface of the cover 1 is fastened to the base plate 10. The surface of the base plate 10 is movably mounted with a connecting rod 9 through a pin. The far end of the connecting rod 9 is provided with a locking block 12. When the user presses down on the cover 1, by moving the connecting rod 9, the locking block 12 is driven to cut into the inner cavity of the outer block 13 along an arc trajectory, realizing the physical engagement between the locking block 12 and the outer block 13. Through the friction of the metal surface and the interference of the geometric shape, the cover 1 is firmly locked on the base 4.

[0035] To achieve multi-level linkage, the outer shell 16 is fixed to the outside of the cover 1, and the surface of the connecting rod 9 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 14. The fixed plate 14 rotates synchronously with the rotation of the connecting rod 9. The surface of the outer shell 16 is equipped with a pressure block 15. Through mechanical linkage with the fixed plate 14, the pressure block 15 converts the pressure of the fixed plate 14 on the inside of the pressure block 15 into further locking of the fixed plate 14.

[0036] In actual working conditions, the opening of Cover 1 and Cover 2 is assisted by a gas spring 5 installed between the base 4 and the cover body. The high-pressure nitrogen gas inside the gas spring 5 generates a continuous stretching force through the piston. When manually unlocked, the gas spring 5 automatically lifts Cover 1 and Cover 2 and keeps them in the open position, leaving unobstructed space for the hoisting of the battery pack. The base 4 also has a limit block 6 welded inside. The inner contour of the limit block 6 fits tightly with the shape of the battery pack. When the battery pack is placed into the base 4, the limit block... 6. The battery pack is rigidly constrained from four dimensions. Physical limits are used to eliminate the swaying gap of the battery pack inside the base 4. There is a significant structural coupling logic between cover 1 and cover 2. The edge of cover 1 is fixed with an upper plate 8, while the corresponding position of cover 2 is fixed with a lower plate 7. In the closed state, the upper plate 8 overlaps the lower plate 7. This means that when cover 1 is fixed to the base 4 by the connecting rod 9 and the locking block 12, the upper plate 8 presses cover 2 together with the lower plate 7 through the vertical shielding effect.

[0037] It is conceivable that the rotational connection between cover 1 and cover 2 can be replaced by an invisible hinge, a spring shaft, or a four-bar linkage lifting mechanism instead of a common pin hinge. The overlapping relationship between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 7 can be replaced by a male-female groove fitting or an overlapping of inclined surfaces with sealing strips. In specific miniaturization scenarios, the double-door structure can be replaced by a single-sided large flip-top structure or a pull-out cover.

[0038] As can be imagined, the welded and fixed limiting block 6 can be replaced with an adjustable screw limiter, a high-density rubber shock-absorbing pad, or an inflatable soft airbag limiter to accommodate battery packs of different specifications. The gas spring 5 can be replaced with a mechanical compression spring, a counterweight balancing mechanism, or an electric support rod with a self-locking function. Their function is to provide auxiliary power for opening the cover.

[0039] An independent load support path is formed by the outer columns 3 vertically set on the edge of the base 4, so that the vertical stress generated by stacking is directly transmitted to the ground through the outer columns 3, which effectively avoids the cover being deformed by pressure and ensures the long-term motion accuracy of the opening mechanism. The connecting rod 9 drives the locking block 12 to cut into the concave outer block 13 along the arc trajectory, which transforms the manual downward pressure into a strong geometric interference lock. The mechanical linkage between the fixed plate 14 and the pressure block realizes secondary locking. The overlapping of the upper plate 8 on the surface of the cover 1 and the lower plate 7 of the cover 2 achieves overall constraint. With the multi-dimensional rigid limit of the limit block 6 inside the base 4, the shaking gap between the battery pack and the shell is eliminated, which effectively reduces the mechanical fatigue damage of the battery electrical connection parts under bumpy conditions. The introduction of the gas spring 5 realizes the self-holding opening of the cover, which greatly improves the work efficiency of battery pack maintenance and hoisting.

[0040] Example 2 According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figures 1-10 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, in order to further improve the stability and security of locking accuracy, this embodiment has deeply optimized the control logic inside the outer shell 16. The inner part of the outer shell 16 is provided with a lower column 22, which serves as the fixed rotation axis of the pressure block 15. In order to prevent the pressure block 15 from axially deflecting or swinging randomly in complex bumpy environments, the surface of the outer shell 16 is precisely provided with a limiting frame 20 with an arc-shaped track. The side wall of the pressure block 15 extends upward to form an upper column 21, which is embedded in the sliding groove of the limiting frame 20. When the pressure block 15 rotates around the lower column 22 for locking or releasing, the upper column 21 slides back and forth inside the limiting frame 20. This pin-groove fit relationship forms a closed-loop kinematic pair, which physically restricts the movement of the pressure block 15 within a preset two-dimensional plane, thereby eliminating the risk of mechanism jamming.

[0041] Furthermore, in order to provide clear mechanical feedback for operation and realize the automatic reset function, a bracket 23 is installed inside the outer shell 16. An elastic element 25 is connected between the bracket 23 and the pressure block 15. The elastic element 25 is usually a compression spring or torsion spring with high fatigue life. When the pressure block 15 is rotated under force to lock, the elastic element 25 is stretched or compressed, accumulating elastic potential energy. Once the external pressure is removed, the elastic element 25 releases energy and pulls the pressure block 15 to rotate downward.

[0042] The surface of the pressure block 15 is integrally formed with an arc plate 24, while the bracket 23 has a slot 32 inside. Inside the slot 32, there is a horizontally sliding inner plate 26. The surface of the inner plate 26 has a specific geometric channel, namely a slot 30. At the same time, the surface of the bracket 23 has a slot 41 corresponding to the movement trajectory of the arc plate 24. Under normal conditions, the slots 30 and 41 are not aligned in space. At this time, the arc plate 24 is blocked by the solid part of the inner plate 26, and the pressure block 15 cannot complete the complete rotation stroke, thus locking the position of the pressure block 15. Only when the inner plate 26 moves, so that the slots 30 and 41 are coaxially aligned in the vertical direction, can the arc plate 24 pass smoothly through these two slots, so that the pressure block 15 is pulled down by the elastic element 25 to complete the fixation of the fixed plate 14.

[0043] The power source of the inner plate 26 comes from its physical contact with the fixed plate 14. One end of the inner plate 26 is designed as a wedge-shaped expansion opening. When the fixed plate 14 rotates with the connecting rod 9, the locking block 12 locks with the outer block 13. The fixed plate 14 rotates relative to the connecting rod 9, and the fixed plate 14 pushes the inner plate 26 to move within the slot 32. In order to ensure that the inner plate 26 can return to its original position in time, the slot 32 is equipped with an elastic element 29. The elastic element 29 always provides a biasing force to push the inner plate 26 to the initial locking position.

[0044] This embodiment also incorporates a two-stage buffer energy absorption circuit designed for external impact. An elastic band 27 is tensioned on the surface of the pressure block 15, and a push block 17 is connected to the end of the elastic band 27. The push block 17 is accommodated in a slot 19 on the surface of the pressure block 15. At the corresponding position on the outer shell 16, a slot 18 is provided, and an elastic element 28 is disposed inside it. The elastic band 27 is bent inside the outer shell 16 and connected to the push block 17. Therefore, when the pressure block 15 is lifted, the push block 17 is pulled away, and the elastic element 28 is stretched. When the pressure block 15 rotates downward, the elastic band 27 is not under force, and the elastic element 28 pushes the push block 17 to move. The push block 17 is locked inside the slot 19 on the surface of the pressure block 15, thus locking the pressure block 15.

[0045] It is conceivable that the horizontal sliding of the inner plate 26 can be replaced by a rotating dial structure, that is, when the notch on the dial (corresponding to slot 3 19) rotates to coincide with the notch of the bracket 23, the arc plate 24 is released. The constraint of slot 5 32 on the inner plate 26 can be replaced by a dovetail groove guide rail. The arc plate 24 can be replaced by a locking tongue or an L-shaped pin. The wedge-shaped expansion port can be replaced by a roller inclined surface mechanism, that is, a pulley is set at the end of the inner plate 26 to reduce the frictional resistance when the fixed plate 14 is pushed. The push of the fixed plate 14 on the inner plate 26 can also be replaced by a gear and rack linkage or a cable mechanism. As long as the technical means of using the displacement of the fixed plate 14 as a trigger signal to drive the inner plate 26 to produce displacement, they are all equivalent replacements.

[0046] The rotation path of the pressure block is strictly constrained within a preset dimension by the lower column 22 and the limiting frame 20, effectively eliminating the risk of mechanism jamming caused by axial deflection in complex and bumpy environments. The elastic potential energy accumulated by the elastic element 25 is used to realize the automatic reset and continuous pressing of the pressure block, providing clear operational mechanical feedback and ensuring the long-term self-tightening of the locked state. Through the slots of the arc plate 24 and the inner plate 26, the pressure block stroke can only be released when the displacement of the fixed plate 14 triggers the precise alignment of the inner plate 26, which greatly improves the system's anti-misoperation performance when subjected to accidental collisions. The secondary buffer energy absorption circuit, through the linkage of the elastic band 27 and the push block 17, realizes the secondary locking of the push block 17 automatically engaging the slot 19 at the moment of pressure block reset. Combined with the damping buffer of the elastic element 28, it not only effectively absorbs the instantaneous impact momentum, but also constructs a redundant mechanical locking chain, significantly enhancing the structural safety and protective reliability of the battery pack under extreme working conditions.

[0047] Example 3 According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figures 1-13 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, one end of the outer shell 16 is fixed with the outer shell 2 33, and the inner column 36 penetrates the interior of the outer shell 16 and the outer shell 2 33, which serves as the depth support axis of the pressure block 15.

[0048] In the core feedback loop of this embodiment, a small cylinder 39 is installed on the surface of the pressure block 15. The cylinder 39 is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer shell 16 and the outer shell 2 33 through the bottom connecting plate 40. The internal piston of the cylinder 39 is connected to the flexible airbag 38 through the air pipe 41. The surface of the airbag 38 is connected to the upper block 35, which is in direct contact with the fixed plate 14. When the battery pack is subjected to severe vertical shaking, the cover 1 tends to detach upward relative to the base 4. This tendency is transmitted to the fixed plate 14 through the connecting rod 9, causing the fixed plate 14 to violently squeeze the upper block 35 and the airbag 38 below.

[0049] When the airbag 38 is compressed, its volume shrinks and its internal pressure rises sharply. The high-pressure gas rushes into the pressure chamber of the cylinder 39 along the air pipe 41. Since a one-way valve 42 is set in the middle of the air pipe 41, the gas can only flow from the airbag 38 to the cylinder 39 and cannot flow back in reverse. The high-pressure gas entering the cylinder 39 drives the internal piston rod to extend downward, applying a strong reverse active clamping force to the pressure block 15. This logic of converting vibration energy into locking force means that the more violent the environmental vibration, the higher the locking pressure generated by the system, thus achieving a dynamic self-balancing state at the physical level.

[0050] To further solidify this dynamic compensation effect, the central contact interface of the pressure block 15 is machined with interlocking serrations. When the cylinder 39 applies a high-pressure load, these serrations forcibly mesh, eliminating any possible micro-slippage by increasing the contact area and static friction. When the serrations on the surfaces of the two pressure blocks 15 mesh with each other, the pressure block 15 moves relative to the inner column 36, which moves within the slot 37. When the ambient temperature fluctuates drastically, the gas pressure inside the airbag 38 may change due to thermal expansion and contraction. The presence of the one-way valve 42 ensures that even if the gas expands in a high-temperature environment, it will be stored in the quasi-rigid container of the cylinder 39 to continuously maintain the locking torque. The surfaces of the outer shell 16 and the outer shell 2 33 are also equipped with pressure relief valves to manually release the residual pressure inside the cylinder during the maintenance phase, ensuring that the operator can safely rotate the pressure block 15 for disassembly and assembly.

[0051] As can be imagined, the flexible airbag 38 can be replaced by a bellows suction mechanism or a piston-type micro pump. The transmission medium can be replaced by incompressible oil instead of compressed air, thus forming a micro hydraulic closed loop. The hydraulic system has higher rigidity when transmitting power and can achieve more precise pressure compensation. The pressure relief valve can be replaced by a threaded vent plug, a check valve with a manual opening handle, or a fusible plug. For compensation for thermal expansion and contraction, it can be replaced by a small energy accumulator or a bimetallic pressure regulating valve connected in parallel in the air circuit to absorb or compensate for excess pressure caused by changes in ambient temperature and maintain a constant locking force.

[0052] Through the fluid feedback loop formed by the airbag 38, the one-way valve 42, and the cylinder 39, the energy of external destructive vibrations to the battery pack is cleverly converted into internal active locking power. This achieves a dynamic self-balancing state where the more intense the vibration, the tighter the lock becomes, solving the problem of cumulative loosening and gaps that traditional rigid connections are prone to under cyclic impact. The cooperation between the one-way valve 42 and the quasi-rigid container of the cylinder 39 ensures the one-way accumulation and continuous maintenance of pressure compensation. Even under the condition of thermal expansion and contraction due to drastic fluctuations in ambient temperature, a stable locking torque can still be maintained. The interlocking serrations machined in the middle of the pressure block 15 are forcibly engaged under the high pressure drive of the cylinder 39. By significantly increasing the static friction damping of the contact surface, the slight slippage of the pressure block relative to the support structure is eliminated. The displacement compensation design of the inner column 36 and the slot 37 enables the system to absorb and convert the stroke displacement generated by the cylinder 39, ensuring the structural integrity of the mechanical transmission path. Combined with the manual pressure relief mechanism, it takes into account both high-intensity protection performance and convenient maintenance.

[0053] In the initial state, when the battery pack needs to be installed, the locking mechanism is released. The gas spring 5 installed between the base 4 and the cover uses the instantaneous extension force of the internal high-pressure nitrogen to automatically lift the cover 1 and cover 2 and keep them in the open position. At this time, the battery pack is placed into the inner cavity of the base 4. The limiting block 6 welded and solidified inside the base 4 fits precisely with the outer contour of the battery pack, rigidly constraining the battery pack from four dimensions and eliminating horizontal sway gaps.

[0054] In Example 2, when entering the closing stage, the first cover 1 and the second cover 2 are pressed down. The upper plate 8 of the edge of the first cover 1 precisely overlaps the lower plate 7 on the surface of the second cover 2, forming a preliminary vertical shielding and interlocking. Then, the connecting rod 9 set on the surface of the base plate 10 is moved, driving the locking block 12 to cut into the inner cavity of the U-shaped outer block 13 on the surface of the base positioning block 11 along an arc trajectory, establishing a basic physical interference lock. During the rotation of the connecting rod 9, the fixed plate 14 on its surface is simultaneously displaced. The edge of the fixed plate 14 presses against the wedge-shaped expansion opening at the end of the inner plate 26, overcoming the biasing force of the elastic element 29. The moving inner plate 26 slides horizontally within slot 32. When the inner plate 26 moves to a specific position, causing slot 30 on its surface to coaxially coincide with slot 4 on the surface of the bracket 23 in the vertical direction, the logic verification channel is opened. At this time, the pressure block 15, driven by the elastic potential energy accumulated in the elastic element 25, rotates downward around the lower column 22. The arc plate 24 on its surface smoothly passes through slot 4 31 and slot 3 30, achieving deep pressing of the pressure block 15 onto the fixed plate 14. During this rotation, the upper column 21 slides within the limit frame 20 to limit the movement trajectory and prevent axial deflection. At the same time, as the pressure block 15 resets downward, the originally taut elastic band 27 relaxes, the elastic element 28 loses its tension constraint and pushes the push block 17 to move, causing the push block 17 to automatically engage with the slot 2 19 on the surface of the pressure block 15, completing the secondary buffer locking.

[0055] In Example 3, under the dynamic operating conditions of the battery pack during operation and transportation, when the device is subjected to severe vertical shaking, the cover 1 tends to detach upwards and transmits stress to the fixed plate 14 through the connecting rod 9. At this time, the fixed plate 14 violently squeezes the upper block 35 and the flexible airbag 38 below. The instantaneous high-pressure gas generated by the reduction in volume of the airbag 38 rushes into the pressure chamber of the cylinder 39 through the air pipe 41 and the one-way valve 42. The piston rod of the cylinder 39 is forced to extend downwards under the drive of air pressure, applying a reverse active pressing force to the pressure block 15 that increases with the intensity of vibration. Under the action of strong pressure, the interlocking saw teeth in the middle of the pressure block 15 are forcibly engaged to eliminate slight slippage. The pressure block 15 drives the inner column 36 to move within the slot 6 37 to compensate for displacement, so that the vibration energy is converted into locking power in real time, achieving dynamic self-balancing. In addition, if stacking operation occurs, the outer column 3 directly guides the gravity load of the upper device to the ground, protecting the cover from being squeezed.

[0056] When post-maintenance is required, the operator manually releases the residual pressure in cylinder 39 through the pressure relief valve on the outer shell surface, releasing the strong meshing load between the saw teeth. Then, the operator manually pulls the push block 17 to disengage it from groove 2 19 and lifts the pressure block 1 15 upward, causing the arc plate 24 to pass through the logic channel in the opposite direction. Finally, the connecting rod 9 is rotated in the opposite direction to make the locking block 12 exit the outer block 13. With the assistance of the gas spring 5, the device is opened smoothly.

[0057] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack protection device, characterized in that, include: A base, two rotatable covers on the surface of the base, and outer pillars on the edge of the base for stacking; It also includes a positioning block set on the surface of the base, an outer block on the surface of the positioning block, a bottom plate set on the surface of the cover, a rotatable connecting rod on the surface of the bottom plate, a locking block at one end of the connecting rod that engages with the outer block, an outer shell set on the surface of the cover, a fixed plate set on the surface of the connecting rod, and a pressure block set on the surface of the outer shell that is linked with the fixed plate.

2. The battery pack protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell 1 has a lower column connected to the pressure block 1 inside, and a limiting frame is provided on the surface of the outer shell 1. The pressure block 1 has an upper column connected to the limiting frame on its surface. When the pressure block 1 rotates around the lower column, the upper column slides inside the limiting frame.

3. The battery pack protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer casing is provided with a support inside, and the surface of the support is provided with an elastic element that is connected to the pressure block.

4. A battery pack protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The surface of the pressure block is provided with an arc plate, the inside of the bracket is provided with a slot five, the inside of the slot five is provided with a sliding inner plate, the surface of the inner plate is provided with a slot three, and the surface of the bracket is provided with a slot four corresponding to the arc plate. When the slot three on the surface of the inner plate is aligned with the slot four, the arc plate passes through the slot four and the slot three, and the pressure block one rotates relative to the lower column.

5. A battery pack protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The slot five has an elastic element three that connects to the inner plate, and one end of the inner plate has an expansion opening that contacts the fixed plate.

6. A battery pack protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surface of the first pressing block is provided with an elastic band, one end of which is provided with a push block, and the surface of the first pressing block is provided with a slot second corresponding to the push block.

7. A battery pack protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The surface of the outer shell is provided with a groove, and the interior of the groove is provided with an elastic element 2 that is connected to the push block.

8. A battery pack protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the outer shell is provided with an outer shell two. The interior of the outer shell one and the outer shell two is provided with an inner column connected to the pressure block one. The surface of the pressure block one is provided with a cylinder for support. The surface of the cylinder is provided with an air pipe. One end of the air pipe is connected to an air bag. The surface of the air bag is provided with an upper block that contacts the fixed plate.

9. A battery pack protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The surface of the pressure block one is provided with a slot six that connects to the inner column. The surfaces of the outer shell one and the outer shell two are provided with a one-way valve that restricts the position of the pressure block one. The middle contact point of the pressure block one is provided with interlocking serrations. The lower end of the cylinder is provided with a connecting plate that connects to the outer shell one and the outer shell two.

10. A battery pack protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The air tube is equipped with a one-way valve in the middle, so that when the gas inside the airbag enters the cylinder, the gas cannot return to the airbag.

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