An integrated device of a reducer and a driving motor

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor, relating to the field of drive equipment technology. It includes a housing, a motor, and a speed reduction unit. The speed reduction unit is installed inside the housing, and the motor is fixedly connected to the rear side of the housing. A mounting block is fixedly connected to the upper part of the housing, and a buffer is provided on the upper part of the mounting block. The buffer includes a sleeve, which is fixedly connected to the mounting block. A fixing rod is fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner wall of the sleeve, and a piston plate is slidably connected to the outer periphery of the fixing rod. Two through holes are formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve. This invention, through the buffer structure formed by the sleeve, the fixing rod, and the piston plate, achieves bidirectional dynamic balance adjustment of the air pressure inside the housing cavity. Moving the piston plate upwards expands the effective volume inside the device, quickly dissipating positive pressure; moving the piston plate downwards restores the internal volume of the device, preventing negative pressure from forming inside. This eliminates the problem of foam layer cutting the oil film and also eliminates oil seal leakage caused by positive pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drive equipment technology, and more specifically to an integrated device of a speed reducer and a drive motor. Background Technology

[0002] The integrated device of reducer and drive motor is a core actuator widely used in the field of transmission. It highly integrates the drive motor and reduction mechanism into one unit, and has the characteristics of compact structure, short transmission chain and high installation space utilization. It is a key basic component in automated equipment and power transmission system.

[0003] The integrated device of reducer and drive motor generally uses machine oil as the lubricating medium. It mainly relies on the flow characteristics of machine oil to achieve sufficient lubrication of gear meshing pairs and bearing rotating pairs in the device. At the same time, the circulation of machine oil in the device carries away the heat generated by gear friction, realizing continuous cooling and heat dissipation of gears. This effectively reduces the wear of core moving parts such as gears and bearings, and ensures the transmission accuracy and operational reliability of the device under continuous operation conditions.

[0004] However, after the equipment starts, the high-speed meshing gears continuously work and agitate the oil in the chamber. On the one hand, the high-speed rotation of the gears continuously entrains air from the outside and the upper part of the chamber into the oil. On the other hand, the oil and the gas inside it rapidly expand under the action of frictional heat. Since the device uses a closed structure design to ensure sealing performance, the gas cannot be discharged in time. The continuous rise in internal pressure further disrupts the gas-liquid balance of the oil. The gas dissolved in the oil cannot escape normally, and it is compressed to form a large number of tiny bubbles that aggregate into a stable foam layer. The presence of foam will break the oil film on the surface of the gears and bearings, causing wear failures such as dry friction, pitting, and galling between the gears. Simultaneously, when the device is under positive pressure, it will also squeeze the oil out... Leaks at the device's sealing points exacerbate oil consumption. Existing devices typically use pressure relief valves, but these valves are one-way flow structures, only releasing pressure when there is positive internal pressure. After cooling, the gas inside the casing contracts, creating a negative pressure state. This also causes outside air to be drawn into the casing through the device's sealing gaps. Dust and impurities in the air enter with the airflow and mix with the oil, contaminating the lubricating medium and accelerating the wear and failure of moving parts such as gears and bearings. At the same time, negative pressure can also cause the seals to deform due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside. Long-term repeated alternation of positive and negative pressure will accelerate the aging of the seals, reduce the sealing reliability of the device, and ultimately still lead to lubrication failure, oil leakage, and other problems, seriously affecting the transmission accuracy and service life of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The present invention provides an integrated device for a reducer and a drive motor, including a housing, a motor and a reduction unit. The reduction unit is installed inside the housing, the motor is fixedly connected to the rear side of the housing, the drive end of the motor is fixedly connected to the input end of the reduction unit, and a mounting block is fixedly connected to the upper part of the housing, and a buffer is provided on the upper part of the mounting block.

[0007] The buffer component includes a sleeve, which is fixedly connected to the mounting block. A fixing rod is fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the sleeve, and a piston plate is slidably connected to the outer periphery of the fixing rod. Two through holes are opened on the outer periphery of the sleeve.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the axis of the sleeve, the axis of the piston plate, and the axis of the fixing rod are collinear. The internal chamber of the sleeve is connected to the internal chamber of the housing. The inner diameter of the sleeve is the same as the diameter of the piston plate, and the piston plate is slidably connected to the sleeve.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, both through holes are provided on the upper part of the outer periphery of the sleeve, and the two through holes are symmetrically distributed on the outer wall of the sleeve.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the fixing rod is inverted T-shaped, and the piston plate abuts against the T-shaped protrusion of the fixing rod.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, an air bladder is fitted around the outer periphery of the sleeve, and the air bladder is disposed on one side of the through hole.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a barrier is provided on the upper part of the sleeve. The barrier includes a connecting plate and two barrier plates. Both barrier plates are fixedly connected to the connecting plate and slidably connected to the sleeve. A through hole is provided in the middle of the barrier plate. A spring is fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting plate, and the lower end of the spring is fixedly connected to the sleeve.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a locking element 1 is provided in the middle of the sleeve. The locking element 1 includes a rotating ring, which is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the sleeve. Two locking plates 1 and two locking plates 2 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring. Both locking plates 1 and two locking plates 2 are slidably connected to the sleeve. The lower end of the barrier plate abuts against the upper part of the locking plate 2.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a coil spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring, and the end of the coil spring facing away from the rotating ring is fixedly connected to the sleeve.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the sleeve is provided with a second locking element, which includes a third locking plate and a second fixing rod. The third locking plate is slidably connected to the sleeve, the second fixing rod is fixedly connected to the rotating ring, the lower end of the second fixing rod is slidably connected to the upper part of the third locking plate, and the piston plate abuts against the lower part of the third locking plate.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with a locking element three, which includes a locking block. The locking block is slidably connected to the sleeve, with the upper part of the locking block abutting against the lower part of the airbag and the lower part of the locking block abutting against the upper part of the rotating ring.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] This invention utilizes a buffer structure comprised of a sleeve, a fixed rod, and a piston plate to achieve bidirectional dynamic balance regulation of the internal air pressure. During operation, the gas expands due to heat, pushing the piston plate upward to increase the effective internal volume and quickly dissipate positive pressure. When the device cools down or stops, the gas contracts, and the piston plate moves downward with the air pressure to restore the volume, preventing negative pressure from forming inside the device. This not only eliminates the problem of gas compression forming a foam layer that tears the oil film, preventing wear faults such as dry grinding, pitting, and galling of gears, but also eliminates oil seal leakage caused by positive pressure, reducing oil consumption. At the same time, it prevents negative pressure from drawing in external impurities, ensuring the lubrication effect and transmission accuracy of core components such as gears and bearings.

[0019] This invention, through the coordinated action of the blocking component and the locking component one, can quickly seal the sleeve through hole one when the airbag is aged and replaced, keeping the inside of the sleeve completely isolated from the outside world and preventing impurities from entering during the maintenance process; at the same time, the locking component two will lock the piston plate position synchronously with the action of the locking component one, avoiding the imbalance of the internal cavity volume of the housing caused by abnormal movement of the piston plate during the replacement process, ensuring that the pressure relief and stabilization effect of the device is not affected by the maintenance operation, and improving the maintenance safety and sealing reliability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing rod of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the barrier plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the locking plate of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking block of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the slide groove of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating ring of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 11. Motor; 12. Reduction unit; 13. Mounting block; 2. Buffer; 21. Sleeve; 22. Fixing rod one; 23. Piston plate; 24. Through hole one; 3. Airbag; 4. Barrier; 41. Connecting plate; 42. Barrier plate; 43. Spring; 44. Through hole two; 45. Slide groove one; 5. Locking component one; 51. Rotating ring; 52. Locking plate one; 53. Locking plate two; 54. Slide groove two; 55. Locking groove; 56. Coil spring; 6. Locking component two; 61. Locking plate three; 62. Fixing rod two; 63. Passive groove; 64. Slide groove three; 65. Slide groove four; 7. Locking component three; 71. Locking block; 72. Slide groove five. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] In order to solve the problems of the background technology, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated device for a reducer and a drive motor, including a housing 1, a motor 11 and a reduction unit 12. The reduction unit 12 is installed inside the housing 1. The motor 11 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the housing 1. The drive end of the motor 11 is fixedly connected to the input end of the reduction unit 12. A mounting block 13 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the housing 1. A buffer 2 is provided on the upper part of the mounting block 13.

[0035] The buffer component 2 includes a sleeve 21, which is fixedly connected to the mounting block 13. A fixing rod 22 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner wall of the sleeve 21. A piston plate 23 is slidably connected to the outer periphery of the fixing rod 22. Two through holes 24 are opened on the outer periphery of the sleeve 21.

[0036] It should be noted that, as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the motor 11 is existing technology and serves as a power output source, providing driving torque to the reduction unit 12 and driving the reduction unit 12 to operate. The reduction unit 12 is existing technology, and in this embodiment, it is specifically a reduction gear set. Through gear meshing transmission, the output speed is reduced and the output torque is increased, converting the high-speed power of the motor 11 into low-speed, high-torque power output.

[0037] It should be noted that, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the axis of the fixing rod 22 is collinear with the axis of the sleeve 21, the axis of the piston plate 23 is collinear with the axis of the fixing rod 22, the sleeve 21 is a hollow cylinder, a connecting hole is provided at the connection between the sleeve 21 and the mounting block 13, the axis of the connecting hole is collinear with the axis of the sleeve 21, the diameter of the connecting hole is the same as the inner diameter of the sleeve 21, the internal cavity of the sleeve 21 is connected to the internal cavity of the shell 1, the inner diameter of the sleeve 21 is the same as the diameter of the piston plate 23, that is, the piston plate 23 is attached to the inner wall of the sleeve 21, the piston plate 23 is slidably connected to the sleeve 21, and two through holes 24 are both provided on the upper part of the outer periphery of the sleeve 21, and the two through holes 24 are symmetrically distributed on the outer wall of the sleeve 21, and the through holes 24 connect the outside and the inside of the sleeve 21.

[0038] It should be noted that, as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the fixing rod 22 is inverted T-shaped, and the piston plate 23 abuts against the T-shaped protrusion of the fixing rod 22;

[0039] When the motor 11 starts and drives the reduction unit 12 to rotate, the surface of the reduction unit 12 will entrain the oil inside the housing 1 during operation. At the same time, the high-speed meshing gears will continuously entrain air from the upper part of the cavity into the oil. At this time, the heat generated by the motor 11 during operation is transferred to the housing 1, and the frictional heat generated by the reduction unit 12 during operation is also transferred to the housing 1. This causes the temperature of the housing 1 to rise. The rise in the temperature of the housing 1 will cause the temperature of the gas inside the housing 1 to rise, which in turn causes the gas inside the housing 1 to expand due to heat. The expanded gas can push the piston plate 23 to slide upward inside the sleeve 21. The sliding of the piston plate 23 increases the internal space of the housing 1, making the reducer more efficient. The gas inside the housing 1 is under near-normal pressure. When the device stops operating or the temperature drops, the gas inside the housing 1 contracts, and the piston plate 23 can slide downward along the sleeve 21 with the change in internal gas pressure, simultaneously restoring the effective volume inside the housing 1. This prevents negative pressure from forming inside the housing 1 and eliminates the situation where outside air is sucked in through the sealing gap of the housing 1. This solves the dual defects of positive pressure relief and negative pressure suction of traditional one-way pressure relief valves. It also prevents the gas from being compressed to form a foam layer and to cut the oil film on the surface of gears and bearings. At the same time, it eliminates the positive pressure effect formed inside the housing 1 due to the increase in gas pressure. Thus, it achieves the technical effects of automatically balancing the gas pressure inside the housing 1, inhibiting the formation of a foam layer, ensuring the integrity of the oil film on the surface of gears and bearings, and preventing oil leakage from the sealing parts.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, since the sleeve 21 has two through holes 24 on its outer periphery that connect to the outside, during the operation of the device, the deceleration unit 12 will inevitably splash the oil, causing the oil to splash into the space inside the housing 1. At this time, the bottom of the piston plate 23 will inevitably be contaminated with oil. However, during the movement of the piston plate 23, it moves relative to the inner wall of the sleeve 21. This causes the piston plate 23 to spread the oil at the bottom of the piston plate 23 onto the entire inner wall of the sleeve 21. When the piston plate 23 moves downward, the upper part of the sleeve 21 can draw in air through the through holes 24. The air contains dust and other impurities. At this time, the impurities may be adsorbed onto the inner wall of the sleeve 21 through the oil. The piston plate 23 will aggravate the wear of the sleeve 21 through these impurities during the movement. Therefore, in order to solve this technical problem, in this embodiment, an air bag 3 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve 21. The air bag 3 is located on one side of the through hole 24.

[0042] It should be noted that, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the airbag 3 is hollow, and the cross-section of the airbag 3 is C-shaped. The internal space of the airbag 3 is connected to the internal space of the sleeve 21 through the through hole 24.

[0043] The airbag 3 is fitted around the outer periphery of the sleeve 21. The airbag 3 covers two through holes 24, isolating the inside of the sleeve 21 from the outside. The airbag 3 is inflatable. When the piston plate 23 moves upward, the air above the piston plate 23 will enter the airbag 3 through the through holes 24 and inflate the airbag 3. When the piston plate 23 moves downward, the space inside the airbag 3 enters the inside of the sleeve 21. This isolates the inside of the sleeve 21 from the outside, thus preventing dust and impurities in the outside air from entering the inside of the sleeve 21 and adhering to the inner wall of the sleeve 21, thereby aggravating the wear of the sleeve 21 and the piston plate 23.

[0044] In summary, the present invention achieves complete sealing and isolation between the inside of the sleeve 21 and the outside world by wrapping the through hole 24 of the sleeve 21 with the airbag 3, preventing external dust and impurities from entering the inner wall of the sleeve 21 and being adhered by the machine oil, preventing impurities from aggravating the relative wear between the sleeve 21 and the piston plate 23, extending the service life of the buffer 2, and ensuring the operating accuracy of the device.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the piston plate 23 moves, it pushes the air inside the sleeve 21 to continuously enter or leave the airbag 3, which causes the airbag 3 to always maintain an inflated and contracted state. Since the airbag 3 inevitably ages or is damaged during use, in order to ensure the effectiveness of the airbag 3, it is usually replaced when the airbag 3 ages or is damaged. However, when the airbag 3 is replaced, the through hole 24 will be briefly opened, and the inside of the sleeve 21 will be in contact with the outside for a short time. This will cause impurities to enter the inside of the sleeve 21 when the airbag 3 is disassembled or replaced. Therefore, in order to solve this technical problem, in this embodiment, a barrier 4 is provided on the upper part of the sleeve 21. The barrier 4 includes a connecting plate 41 and two barrier plates 42. The two barrier plates 42 are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 41 and slidably connected to the sleeve 21. A through hole 44 is opened in the middle of the barrier plate 42. A spring 43 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting plate 41, and the lower end of the spring 43 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 21.

[0047] It should be noted that, as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, two baffle plates 42 are fixedly connected to the lower edge of the connecting plate 41. Two sliding grooves 45 are opened on the upper part of the sleeve 21. The groove direction of the sliding grooves 45 is parallel to the axial direction of the sleeve 21. The lower end of the baffle plate 42 is located inside the sliding grooves 45 and forms a sliding guide fit with the sliding grooves 45. That is, the baffle plate 42 is slidably connected to the sleeve 21 through the sliding grooves 45.

[0048] It is necessary to add that, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the barrier plate 42 has an open state and a closed state. The open state is the initial state of the barrier plate 42. When the barrier plate 42 is in the open state, the spring 43 is in the natural state. The barrier plate 42 is located inside the slide groove 45. The groove direction of the through hole 44 is consistent with the groove direction of the through hole 24 and the through hole 24 is opposite to the through hole 24.

[0049] When the baffle plate 42 is in the closed state, the spring 43 is in the contracted state, the baffle plate 42 is located inside the slide groove 45, and the through hole 44 and the through hole 24 are staggered.

[0050] It is necessary to add that, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the groove of the through hole 24 is perpendicular to the slide groove 45, and the slide groove 45 penetrates the through hole 24.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a locking element 5 is provided in the middle of the sleeve 21. The locking element 5 includes a rotating ring 51, which is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the sleeve 21. Two locking plates 52 and two locking plates 53 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring 51. The two locking plates 52 and two locking plates 53 are slidably connected to the sleeve 21. The lower end of the barrier plate 42 abuts against the upper part of the locking plate 53.

[0052] It is necessary to add that, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the axis of the rotating ring 51 is consistent with the axis of the sleeve 21, and the inner diameter of the rotating ring 51 is consistent with the diameter of the sleeve 21. Two sliding grooves 54 are opened on the outer wall of the sleeve 21. The groove direction of the sliding groove 54 is perpendicular and passes through the sliding groove 45. One locking plate 52 and one locking plate 53 are both located inside the sliding groove 54 and form a sliding guide fit with the sliding groove 54. That is, one locking plate 52 and one locking plate 53 are slidably connected to the sleeve 21 through the sliding groove 54.

[0053] It is necessary to add that, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the distance between one of the locking plates 52 and one of the locking plates 53 is equal to the width of the barrier plate 42. The barrier plate 42 has a locking groove 55 on the side away from the fixing rod 22. The locking plate 52 is located inside the locking groove 55 and forms a sliding guide with the locking groove 55. That is, the locking plate 52 is slidably connected to the barrier plate 42 through the locking groove 55. The locking groove 55 is L-shaped and the groove direction of the locking groove 55 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the sleeve 21.

[0054] It is necessary to add that, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, locking plate 52 has a locked state, an intermediate state and an unlocked state. The locked state is the initial state of locking plate 52. When locking plate 52 is in the locked state, locking plate 52 is located in the middle of slide groove 54, locking plate 53 is located at the inner edge of slide groove 54, the barrier plate 42 is in the closed state, the spring 43 is in the contracted state, locking plate 52 is engaged with the inner L-shaped protrusion of locking groove 55, the axial direction of through hole 44 is offset from the axial direction of through hole 24, and the inside of sleeve 21 is isolated from the outside.

[0055] When locking plate 1 52 is in the middle state, both locking plate 1 52 and locking plate 2 53 are located in the middle of slide groove 2 54, the barrier plate 42 is in the closed state, the spring 43 is in the contracted state, and the lower end of the barrier plate 42 is located between locking plate 1 52 and locking plate 2 53.

[0056] When locking plate 1 52 is in the unlocked state, locking plate 1 52 is located at the inner edge of slide groove 2 54, locking plate 2 53 is located in the middle of slide groove 2 54, the barrier plate 42 is in the open state, locking plate 1 52 is disengaged from locking groove 55, locking plate 2 53 abuts against the upper part of barrier plate 42, spring 43 is in the natural state, and the axes of through hole 2 44 and through hole 1 24 are collinear, and the inside of sleeve 21 is connected to the outside.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a coil spring 56 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring 51, and the end of the coil spring 56 facing away from the rotating ring 51 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 21.

[0058] It is necessary to add that, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, when the locking plate 52 is in the locked state, the coil spring 56 is in the retracted state; when the locking plate 52 is in the unlocked state, the coil spring 56 is in the unloaded state.

[0059] Before replacing the airbag 3, first rotate the rotating ring 51 to switch the locking plate 52 from the open state to the intermediate state. Then, push the connecting plate 41 downward along the axial direction of the sleeve 21. At this time, the connecting plate 41 pushes the two blocking plates 42 downward. During the downward movement of the two blocking plates 42, the through hole 44 switches from the open state to the closed state, thus isolating the inside of the sleeve 21 from the outside. Then, rotate the rotating ring 51 again to switch the locking plate 52 from the intermediate state to the locked state. At this time, release the connecting plate 41. Under the action of the spring 43, the connecting plate 41 and the blocking plate 42 move upward. At this time, the blocking plate 42 remains in the closed state. Now, the airbag 3 can be removed from the outer wall of the sleeve 21. Replace with a new airbag 3 and install... After installation, the connecting plate 41 needs to be pressed down. Driven by the coil spring 56, when the locking plate 52 switches from the locked state to the intermediate state, the barrier plate 42 switches from the closed state to the open state under the action of the spring 43. Driven by the coil spring 56, the locking plate 52 switches from the intermediate state to the unlocked state. At this time, the lower end of the barrier plate 42 abuts against the upper part of the locking plate 53, so that the barrier plate 42 can always be kept in the open state. At this time, the internal space of the airbag 3 is connected to the internal space of the sleeve 21, and the device can continue to be used. This can achieve the effect of the sleeve 21 always being disconnected from the outside when disassembling and installing the airbag 3, which can prevent dust and other impurities in the outside air from entering the interior of the sleeve 21 and accelerating the wear of the sleeve 21.

[0060] In summary, this invention achieves dust-free protection inside the sleeve 21 and prevents impurities from entering the airbag 3 during maintenance by sealing and isolating external impurities with the airbag 3 and the blocking component 4 and locking component 5 in conjunction with each other to seal the through hole. This not only avoids impurities from aggravating the wear of the buffer component 2 and ensuring operational accuracy, but also prevents the sleeve 21 from communicating with the outside world during maintenance, thereby improving the sealing reliability and maintenance safety of the device.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] Similar to Embodiment 3, this embodiment provides a simpler solution for replacing the airbag 3. During the replacement of the airbag 3, the barrier 4 can be two plugs, which are inserted into the through hole 2 44. When disassembling or assembling the airbag 3, the plugs are inserted into the through hole 2 44 from top to bottom, so that the plugs block the through hole 1 24, thereby achieving the closure of the sleeve 21. In this embodiment, the airbag 3 can also be disassembled or assembled in a dust-free environment, so that no additional structure is needed to prevent dust from entering the inside of the sleeve 21.

[0063] Example 5, as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a locking element 6 is provided inside the sleeve 21. The locking element 6 includes a locking plate 61 and a fixing rod 62. The locking plate 61 is slidably connected to the sleeve 21, and the fixing rod 62 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring 51. The lower end of the fixing rod 62 is slidably connected to the upper part of the locking plate 61, and the piston plate 23 abuts against the lower part of the locking plate 61.

[0064] It is necessary to add that, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a sliding groove 64 is provided inside the sleeve 21. The sliding groove 64 is connected to the inside of the sleeve 21. The groove direction of the sliding groove 64 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the sleeve 21. The locking plate 61 is located inside the sliding groove 64 and forms a sliding guide engagement with the sliding groove 64. That is, the locking plate 61 is slidably connected to the sleeve 21 through the sliding groove 64.

[0065] It is necessary to add that, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, two symmetrically distributed sliding grooves 65 are provided inside the sleeve 21. The lower end of the sliding groove 65 is connected to the sliding groove 64. The length direction of the sliding groove 65 is consistent with the axial direction of the sleeve 21. The fixing rod 62 is located inside the sliding groove 65. The upper part of the locking plate 61 is provided with a passive groove 63. The passive groove 63 is inclined. The lower end of the fixing rod 62 is located inside the passive groove 63 and forms a sliding guide fit with the passive groove 63. That is, the fixing rod 62 is slidably connected to the locking plate 61 through the passive groove 63.

[0066] It is necessary to add that, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, locking plate 3 61 has an extended state and a retracted state. When locking plate 3 61 is in the extended state, one end of locking plate 3 61 is located inside slide groove 3 64, and the other end of locking plate 3 61 extends out of slide groove 3 64. Locking plate 3 61 abuts against the upper part of piston plate 23. Fixing rod 2 62 is located inside passive groove 63 at the end away from the axis of sleeve 21. Locking plate 1 52 is in the locked state.

[0067] When the locking plate 3 61 is in the retracted state, the locking plate 3 61 retracts into the interior of the slide groove 3 64, the fixing rod 2 62 is located inside the passive groove 63 at one end near the axis of the sleeve 21, and the locking plate 1 52 is in the unlocked state.

[0068] Before removing airbag 3, first rotate the rotating ring 51 to switch the locking plate 52 from the unlocked state to the intermediate state. During this process, the locking plate 61 can switch from the retracted state to the extended state. The locking plate 61 abuts against the upper part of the piston plate 23, thereby fixing the position of the piston plate 23. Then, squeeze the connecting plate 41 to switch the blocking plate 42 from the open state to the closed state. Subsequently, rotate the rotating ring 51 to switch the locking plate 52 from the intermediate state to the locked state. At this time, airbag 3 can be replaced. After airbag 3 is replaced, the coil spring 56 pushes the rotating ring 51 to rotate, and the locking plate 52 switches from the locked state to the intermediate state. When the locking plate 52 is in the intermediate state, the barrier plate 42 switches from the closed state to the open state, and then the coil spring 56 continues to push the rotating ring 51 to rotate back to its original position. During this process, the locking plate 61 switches from the extended state to the retracted state, and the locking plate 52 switches from the intermediate state to the unlocked state. Throughout the process, the piston plate 23 is in an unpushable state, which can prevent the piston plate 23 from moving when the airbag 3 is replaced. This avoids the problem of different spatial volumes between the sleeve 21 and the airbag 3 caused by the movement of the piston plate 23, and effectively ensures the pressure relief effect of the piston plate 23 and the sleeve 21.

[0069] In summary, this invention achieves the effects of long-term protection for the buffer 2, dust-free maintenance of the airbag 3, and stable piston position by using the airbag 3 for sealing and isolating impurities, the barrier component 4 and locking component 5 for maintenance and sealing, and locking component 6 for locking the piston position. This ensures that the sleeve 21 and airbag 3 have a balanced volume and that the pressure stabilization and depressurization functions are not disturbed, while also preventing impurities from entering and structural malfunctions, thus improving the stability of continuous operation of the device.

[0070] Specifically, such as Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the outer wall of the sleeve 21 is provided with a locking element 3 7, which includes a locking block 71. The locking block 71 is slidably connected to the sleeve 21. The upper part of the locking block 71 abuts against the lower part of the airbag 3, and the lower part of the locking block 71 abuts against the upper part of the rotating ring 51.

[0071] It is necessary to add that, such as Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the outer wall of the sleeve 21 is provided with a sliding groove 72. The sliding groove 72 is T-shaped and the groove direction of the sliding groove 72 is consistent with the axial direction of the sleeve 21. The locking block 71 is located inside the sliding groove 72 and forms a sliding guide fit with the sliding groove 72. That is, the locking block 71 is slidably connected to the sleeve 21 through the sliding groove 72. The height of the locking block 71 is consistent with the distance between the airbag 3 and the rotating ring 51. The length of the sliding groove 72 is less than the height of the locking block 71.

[0072] After the airbag 3 is removed, the locking block 71 loses the pressure of the airbag 3, which reduces the friction between it and the rotating ring 51. At this time, the rotating ring 51 can rotate freely. When the airbag 3 is installed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 21, the pressure of the airbag 3 during installation is applied to the locking block 71, causing the locking block 71 and the rotating ring 51 to maintain a high pressure. At this time, the friction between the rotating ring 51 and the locking block 71 is large, and the rotating ring 51 cannot be rotated directly. This can avoid the problem of the rotating ring 51 being moved incorrectly by the vibration generated during the operation of the device when the airbag 3 is working normally, thus incorrectly switching the state of the locking plate 1 52 and the locking plate 3 61.

[0073] In summary, this invention achieves the effects of dust-free protection throughout the entire process, safe maintenance, structural stability, and error-free operation by using the airbag 3 for sealing and isolating impurities, the barrier component 4 and locking component 1 5 for maintenance and sealing, the locking component 2 6 for locking the piston, and the locking component 3 7 for preventing the rotating ring 51 from malfunctioning. It completely solves the problems of impurity wear, maintenance intrusion, piston displacement, and vibration-induced malfunctions, and comprehensively ensures the continuous reliability of the device's pressure relief, sealing, and transmission functions, thus extending the overall service life.

[0074] Working principle of the invention:

[0075] When the motor 11 starts and drives the reduction unit 12 to rotate, the surface of the reduction unit 12 will entrain the oil inside the housing 1 during operation. At the same time, the high-speed meshing gears will continuously entrain air from the upper part of the cavity into the oil. At this time, the heat generated by the motor 11 during operation is transferred to the housing 1, and the frictional heat generated by the reduction unit 12 during operation is also transferred to the housing 1. This causes the temperature of the housing 1 to rise. The rise in the temperature of the housing 1 will cause the temperature of the gas inside the housing 1 to rise, which in turn causes the gas inside the housing 1 to expand due to heat. The expanded gas can push the piston plate 23 to slide upward inside the sleeve 21. The sliding of the piston plate 23 increases the internal space of the housing 1, making the reducer more efficient. The gas inside the housing 1 is in a near-normal pressure state. When the device stops operating or the temperature drops, the gas inside the housing 1 contracts, and the piston plate 23 can slide downward along the sleeve 21 with the change of internal gas pressure, synchronously restoring the effective volume inside the housing 1. This avoids the formation of negative pressure inside the housing 1 and prevents outside air from being sucked in through the sealing gap of the housing 1. This solves the dual defects of positive pressure relief and negative pressure suction of traditional one-way pressure relief valves. It also prevents the gas from being compressed to form a foam layer and to cut the oil film on the surface of gears and bearings. At the same time, it eliminates the positive pressure formed inside the housing 1 due to the increase in gas pressure. This achieves the technical effects of automatically balancing the gas pressure inside the housing 1, inhibiting the formation of foam layer, ensuring the integrity of the oil film on the surface of gears and bearings, and preventing oil leakage from the sealing parts.

[0076] The airbag 3 is fitted around the outer periphery of the sleeve 21. The airbag 3 covers two through holes 24, isolating the inside of the sleeve 21 from the outside. The airbag 3 is inflatable. When the piston plate 23 moves upward, the air above the piston plate 23 will enter the airbag 3 through the through holes 24 and inflate the airbag 3. When the piston plate 23 moves downward, the space inside the airbag 3 enters the inside of the sleeve 21. This isolates the inside of the sleeve 21 from the outside, thus preventing dust and impurities in the outside air from entering the inside of the sleeve 21 and adhering to the inner wall of the sleeve 21, thereby aggravating the wear of the sleeve 21 and the piston plate 23.

[0077] Before replacing the airbag 3, first rotate the rotating ring 51 to switch the locking plate 52 from the open state to the intermediate state. Then, push the connecting plate 41 downward along the axial direction of the sleeve 21. At this time, the connecting plate 41 pushes the two blocking plates 42 downward. During the downward movement of the two blocking plates 42, the through hole 44 switches from the open state to the closed state, thus isolating the inside of the sleeve 21 from the outside. Then, rotate the rotating ring 51 again to switch the locking plate 52 from the intermediate state to the locked state. At this time, release the connecting plate 41. Under the action of the spring 43, the connecting plate 41 and the blocking plate 42 move upward. At this time, the blocking plate 42 remains in the closed state. Now, the airbag 3 can be removed from the outer wall of the sleeve 21. Replace with a new airbag 3 and install... After installation, the connecting plate 41 needs to be pressed down. Under the action of the coil spring 56, when the locking plate 1 52 switches from the locked state to the intermediate state, the barrier plate 42 switches from the closed state to the open state under the action of the spring 43. Under the action of the coil spring 56, the locking plate 1 52 switches from the intermediate state to the unlocked state. At this time, the lower end of the barrier plate 42 abuts against the upper part of the locking plate 2 53, so that the barrier plate 42 can always be kept in the open state. At this time, the internal space of the airbag 3 is connected to the internal space of the sleeve 21, and the device can continue to be used. This can achieve the effect of the sleeve 21 always being disconnected from the outside when the airbag 3 is disassembled and installed, which can prevent dust and other impurities in the outside air from entering the interior of the sleeve 21 and accelerating the wear of the sleeve 21.

[0078] Before removing airbag 3, first rotate the rotating ring 51 to switch the locking plate 52 from the unlocked state to the intermediate state. During this process, the locking plate 61 can switch from the retracted state to the extended state. The locking plate 61 abuts against the upper part of the piston plate 23, thereby fixing the position of the piston plate 23. Then, squeeze the connecting plate 41 to switch the blocking plate 42 from the open state to the closed state. Subsequently, rotate the rotating ring 51 to switch the locking plate 52 from the intermediate state to the locked state. At this time, airbag 3 can be replaced. After airbag 3 is replaced, the coil spring 56 pushes the rotating ring 51 to rotate, and the locking plate 52 switches from the locked state to the intermediate state. When the locking plate 52 is in the middle state, the barrier plate 42 switches from the closed state to the open state, and then the coil spring 56 continues to push the rotating ring 51 to rotate back to its original position. During this process, the locking plate 61 switches from the extended state to the retracted state, and the locking plate 52 switches from the middle state to the unlocked state. Throughout the process, the piston plate 23 is in an unpushable state, which can prevent the piston plate 23 from moving when the airbag 3 is replaced. This avoids the problem of different spatial volumes between the sleeve 21 and the airbag 3 caused by the movement of the piston plate 23, and effectively ensures the pressure relief effect of the piston plate 23 and the sleeve 21.

[0079] After the airbag 3 is removed, the locking block 71 loses the pressure of the airbag 3, which reduces the friction between it and the rotating ring 51. At this time, the rotating ring 51 can rotate freely. When the airbag 3 is installed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 21, the pressure of the airbag 3 during installation is applied to the locking block 71, causing the locking block 71 and the rotating ring 51 to maintain a high pressure. At this time, the friction between the rotating ring 51 and the locking block 71 is large, and the rotating ring 51 cannot be rotated directly. This can avoid the problem of the rotating ring 51 being moved incorrectly by the vibration generated during the operation of the device when the airbag 3 is working normally, thus incorrectly switching the state of the locking plate 1 52 and the locking plate 3 61.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor, comprising a housing (1), a motor (11), and a speed reduction unit (12), wherein the speed reduction unit (12) is installed inside the housing (1), the motor (11) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the housing (1), and the drive end of the motor (11) is drively connected to the input end of the speed reduction unit (12), characterized in that, The upper part of the housing (1) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (13), and the upper part of the mounting block (13) is provided with a buffer (2). The buffer (2) includes a sleeve (21), which is fixedly connected to the mounting block (13). A fixing rod (22) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner wall of the sleeve (21). A piston plate (23) is slidably connected to the outer periphery of the fixing rod (22). Two through holes (24) are opened on the outer periphery of the sleeve (21).

2. The integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axis of the sleeve (21), the axis of the piston plate (23) and the axis of the fixing rod (22) are collinear. The internal chamber of the sleeve (21) is connected to the internal chamber of the shell (1). The inner diameter of the sleeve (21) is the same as the diameter of the piston plate (23). The piston plate (23) is slidably connected to the sleeve (21).

3. The integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both of the through holes (24) are provided on the upper part of the outer periphery of the sleeve (21), and the two through holes (24) are symmetrically distributed on the outer wall of the sleeve (21).

4. The integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing rod (22) is inverted T-shaped, and the piston plate (23) abuts against the T-shaped protrusion of the fixing rod (22).

5. The integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor according to claim 4, characterized in that, An airbag (3) is fitted around the outer periphery of the sleeve (21), and the airbag (3) is located on one side of the through hole (24).

6. The integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper part of the sleeve (21) is provided with a barrier (4), the barrier (4) includes a connecting plate (41) and two barrier plates (42), the two barrier plates (42) are fixedly connected to the connecting plate (41), the two barrier plates (42) are slidably connected inside the sleeve (21), a through hole (44) is opened in the middle of the barrier plate (42), a spring (43) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting plate (41), and the lower end of the spring (43) is fixedly connected to the sleeve (21).

7. The integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sleeve (21) is provided with a locking element (5) in the middle. The locking element (5) includes a rotating ring (51). The rotating ring (51) is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the sleeve (21). The inner wall of the rotating ring (51) is fixedly connected to two locking plates (52) and two locking plates (53). The two locking plates (52) and the two locking plates (53) are slidably connected inside the sleeve (21). The lower end of the barrier plate (42) abuts against the upper part of the locking plate (53).

8. The integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor according to claim 7, characterized in that, A coil spring (56) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring (51), and the end of the coil spring (56) facing away from the rotating ring (51) is fixedly connected to the sleeve (21).

9. The integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sleeve (21) is provided with a locking component two (6), which includes a locking plate three (61) and a fixing rod two (62). The locking plate three (61) is slidably connected to the sleeve (21), and the fixing rod two (62) is fixedly connected to the rotating ring (51). The lower end of the fixing rod two (62) is slidably connected to the upper part of the locking plate three (61), and the piston plate (23) abuts against the lower part of the locking plate three (61).

10. The integrated device for a speed reducer and a drive motor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer wall of the sleeve (21) is provided with a locking element three (7), the locking element three (7) includes a locking block (71), the locking block (71) is slidably connected to the sleeve (21), the upper part of the locking block (71) abuts against the lower part of the airbag (3), and the lower part of the locking block (71) abuts against the upper part of the rotating ring (51).

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