A seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing diseases and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention proposes a seed coating suspension for promoting growth and preventing disease, and its preparation method, belonging to the technical field of seed coating agents. It comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 1-3% germination-promoting complex, 0.5-1% cold-resistant active component, 0.5-1% micronutrient fertilizer, 10-20% fermentation broth, 5-10% insecticide and fungicide microspheres, 4-7% film-forming agent, 5-30% adjuvants, and water to 100%. The adjuvants include warning colorant, preservative, thickener, defoamer, dispersant, and emulsifier. This seed coating suspension for promoting growth and preventing disease is safe, non-toxic, green, and biodegradable. It has good effects on promoting growth and preventing pests and diseases, can be stably suspended in water with good uniformity, can better improve the cold resistance of seeds, and has a low seed coating shedding rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seed coating agents, specifically to a growth-promoting and disease-preventing seed coating suspension and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Seeds are the most important input material in agricultural production and are key to increasing agricultural yields and income. Seed coating refers to the process of using specific seed coating equipment to coat the seed surface with fungicides, insecticides, plant growth regulators, and other necessary adjuvants to prevent underground and seedling diseases and pests, improve seed germination rate, and promote healthy seedling growth. Studies have shown that seed coating treatment significantly increases root vitality and enhances plant lodging resistance and stress resistance without affecting seed germination vigor, germination rate, or field emergence rate. Seed treatment agents come in various formulations, with seed treatment suspensions being the most widely used. Through the addition of film-forming agents, a strong medicinal film can be formed on the seed surface, more effectively protecting the seed.

[0003] Film-forming agents are key adjuvants in seed treatment suspensions and are crucial functional components of seed coating. They significantly influence the uniformity of seed coating, shedding rate, and germination rate, and are essential for ensuring uniform pesticide adhesion to the seed surface. Firstly, film-forming agents must possess excellent film-forming properties, forming a film on the seed surface quickly and adhering firmly. Furthermore, their viscosity should not be too high to prevent seeds from sticking together during coating. Secondly, seed germination requires water and oxygen; therefore, film-forming agents must have good water and air permeability. Film-forming agents with poor water and air permeability will hinder seed germination.

[0004] High molecular weight polymers are commonly used film-forming materials at present. They possess certain viscosity, strength, and good film-forming properties, making them commonly used film-forming agents in seed coating agents. Currently reported commonly used film-forming agents mainly include sodium alginate, chitosan, ethyl polymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, cellulose derivatives, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and other synthetic polymers. However, sodium alginate films are relatively brittle and easily break. Chitosan has poor solubility, usually requiring acidic conditions to dissolve, limiting its application. Ethyl polymethyl cellulose films have relatively poor water and air permeability, hindering seed respiration and germination. Polyethylene glycol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and cellulose derivatives are easily soluble and detached in water, resulting in loss of protective effect.

[0005] In addition, seed coating suspensions can protect seeds from pests by adding insecticides and fungicides. However, since insecticides and fungicides are usually hydrophobic compounds, when added directly to aqueous solvents, they have disadvantages such as uneven distribution, local high concentrations, and short half-life due to susceptibility to light, water, pH, and redox substances. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a growth-promoting and disease-preventing seed coating suspension and its preparation method. It is safe, non-toxic, green, and biodegradable, and has good effects on promoting growth and preventing pests and diseases. It can be stably suspended in water, has good uniformity, can better improve the cold resistance of seeds, and has a low seed coating shedding rate.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: This invention provides a seed coating suspension for promoting growth and preventing disease, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage: 1-3% germination-promoting complex, 0.5-1% cold-resistant active ingredient, 0.5-1% micronutrient fertilizer, 10-20% fermentation broth, 5-10% insecticide and fungicide microspheres, 4-7% film-forming agent, 5-30% adjuvants, and water to 100%. The adjuvants include warning colorant, preservative, thickener, defoamer, dispersant, and emulsifier. The germination-promoting complex is a cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex nanosponge encapsulating brassinolide and abscisic acid. The fermentation broth is a concentrated liquid obtained from the fermentation of garlic seeds and citrus peel using fermentation bacteria. The insecticide and fungicide microspheres are microspheres encapsulating insecticides and fungicides. The film-forming agent is povidone. Povidone, as a film-forming agent for seed coatings, exhibits good film-forming properties and water absorption and swelling capacity, resulting in a low seed coating shedding rate without affecting seed germination, growth, or root development. The adjuvants of this invention include a series of chemical adjuvants such as warning colorants, preservatives, thickeners, defoamers, dispersants, and emulsifiers. These adjuvants do not directly affect crops, but they can alter the physicochemical properties of the seed coating agent, ensuring that the seed coating agent has good film-forming properties, stability, and slow-release properties. They are safe for seeds but detrimental to pests and diseases, playing a decisive role in the film-forming effect and coating quality of the seed coating agent.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the preparation method of the sprouting compound is as follows: S1. Add inactivated brewer's yeast residue to water, add β-cyclodextrin and phytic acid, stir and mix evenly, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate, heat and stir, perform hydrothermal reaction, wash until neutral, add ethanol to precipitate, filter, wash, dry, and obtain cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex.

[0009] S2. Add the cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex to N,N-dimethylformamide, add a cross-linking agent, heat and stir to react, add a catalyst, keep the reaction at a constant temperature, cool to room temperature, filter, add to water, add brassinolide and abscisic acid, stir to adsorb, and obtain the sprouting complex.

[0010] Brassinolide and abscisic acid can improve the cold resistance of seedlings and promote seed germination, especially under low-temperature conditions, exhibiting a synergistic effect. However, their poor solubility in aqueous solutions leads to less than ideal effects in aqueous suspensions, resulting in poor germination-promoting and cold-resistance effects. This invention utilizes the byproduct of brewer's yeast residue, which, after inactivation, allows the hydroxyl groups on the protein surface to be linked by phytic acid and cyclodextrin, thus obtaining a cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex with good adsorption properties. Further cross-linking produces nano-sponges, increasing specific surface area and porosity, and enhancing their stability in suspensions. The hydrophobic cavities in the cyclodextrin can load hydrophobic brassinolide and abscisic acid, resulting in a germination-promoting complex that significantly improves uniform dispersibility and antibacterial properties in water. Furthermore, this method is green, safe, and environmentally friendly, and can better improve seed cold resistance and germination rate.

[0011] The synergistic effect of brassinolide and abscisic acid breaks through the traditional approach of using cytokinins or auxins alone. It simultaneously loads the growth-promoting hormone brassinolide (promoting cell elongation and division) and the stress-regulating hormone abscisic acid (regulating osmotic stress response). In the early stages of seed germination, brassinolide dominates the breakthrough of the seed coat and radicle elongation. When encountering adversity (such as soil salinity or drought), abscisic acid can rapidly activate the seed's endogenous stress resistance mechanism. The two work synergistically to achieve a dynamic balance between stress tolerance and rapid germination, reducing the rate of seed rot.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mass ratio of the inactivated brewer's yeast residue, β-cyclodextrin, phytic acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, crosslinking agent, catalyst, brassinolide, and abscisic acid is 1-2:6-8:3-5:0.3-0.7:2-4:0.1-0.15:0.7-1.2:0.3-0.5, the crosslinking agent is diphenyl carbonate or carbonyl diimidazole, and the catalyst is triethylamine; the heating and stirring temperature in step S1 is 90-100℃ for 1-2 hours, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 140-160℃ for 7-10 hours; the heating and stirring reaction temperature in step S2 is 85-95℃ for 20-40 minutes, the heat preservation reaction time is 1-3 hours, and the stirring adsorption time is 1-3 hours.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the preparation method of the fermentation liquid is as follows: garlic cloves and citrus peel are mixed and crushed, added to water, inoculated with fermentation bacteria, fermented and cultured, filtered, and the filtrate is concentrated to obtain the fermentation liquid.

[0014] This invention selects garlic and citrus peel for mixed fermentation. The fermentation liquid contains a large amount of allicin, hesperidin, naringin, ferulic acid, etc., which can improve the antibacterial and insecticidal properties of seeds, provide rich nutrients for seed germination, and is a plant-derived product that is safe, non-toxic, green and biodegradable.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mass ratio of garlic cloves to citrus peel is 5-10:2-5; the fermentation bacteria are Bacillus subtilis seed culture with a bacterial count of 10. 7 -10 10 The inoculum concentration is 1-3 v / v%, the fermentation conditions are 30-35℃, 100-200 r / min, and fermentation culture for 48-56 h, and the concentration is adjusted to a relative density (4℃, water=1.0) of 1.1-1.2.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the method for preparing the insecticide and fungicide microspheres is as follows: T1. Dissolve alkyl orthosilicate and insecticide / fungicide in an organic solvent to obtain an oil phase; T2. Dissolve the pore-forming agent and emulsifier in water to obtain an aqueous phase; T3. The oil phase is added dropwise to the aqueous phase, emulsified, the pH of the solution is adjusted to be alkaline, the reaction is stirred, centrifuged, the solid is washed, and dried to obtain drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres; T4. Add drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres to water, add sodium alginate, stir and mix evenly, then add calcium chloride solution dropwise, stir to crosslink, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain insecticide and fungicide microspheres.

[0017] This invention prepares insecticide and fungicide microspheres via emulsion polymerization. First, an oil phase containing alkyl orthosilicate and the insecticide / fungicide is dropwise added to an aqueous phase to form an oil-in-water emulsion. Under the action of a pore-forming agent, the emulsion hydrolyzes and solidifies to form drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres. The spheres have a hollow internal structure, loaded with a large amount of insecticide / fungicide. Further encapsulation of the mesopores with sodium alginate on the surface enhances the sustained-release and protective properties of the insecticide / fungicide, preventing direct degradation. Simultaneously, the microspheres remain stably suspended in water, exhibiting improved uniformity. This overcomes the drawbacks of direct addition of insecticides / fungicides to aqueous solvents, such as uneven distribution, localized high concentrations, and short half-life due to susceptibility to light, water, pH, and redox substances. Later, under the action of microorganisms, the calcium alginate shell is degraded, exposing the mesopores, allowing for the gradual release of the insecticide / fungicide, resulting in a sustained-release and long-lasting effect.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mass ratio of the alkyl orthosilicate, insecticide, fungicide, pore-forming agent, emulsifier, and sodium alginate is 7-12:1-2:0.5-1:0.3-0.7:3-7, the pH value of the adjusted solution is 9-10, the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 1-2 wt%, the stirring reaction time is 8-12 h, and the stirring crosslinking time is 10-30 min.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the insecticide and fungicide include an insecticide and a fungicide, wherein the insecticide is imidacloprid, and the fungicide is at least one selected from carbendazim, thiram, prochloraz, methyl thiophanate, tricyclazole, and fludioxonil, preferably carbendazim and imidacloprid in a mass ratio of 3-5:1-4; the porogen is hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; the emulsifier is a Tween series emulsifier; and the alkyl orthosilicate is methyl orthosilicate or ethyl orthosilicate.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the micro-fertilizer is selected from at least one of copper chloride, ferric chloride, manganese chloride, and zinc chloride. The mass ratio of the warning colorant, preservative, thickener, defoamer, dispersant, and emulsifier in the adjuvant is 5-10:0.1-0.5:1-2:0.5-1:1-3:1-2. The warning colorant is Direct Blue, the preservative is benzoic acid or Bropol, the thickener is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or xanthan gum, the defoamer is an organosilicon defoamer, the dispersant is AP3X, and the emulsifier is a Tween series emulsifier. The cold-resistant active component is trehalose and choline chloride in a molar ratio of 1:1-3. The micro-fertilizer of the present invention is selected from at least one of copper chloride, ferric chloride, manganese chloride, and zinc chloride. Zinc is related to photosynthesis and respiration in plants. When plants are deficient in zinc, the internodes of branches will shorten, or small, deformed leaves will appear, resulting in "cluster leaf disease." Applying zinc can maintain normal plant metabolism and promote crop growth. Manganese plays a crucial role in plant photosynthesis and redox processes. It promotes the formation of chlorophyll and vitamins, thus enhancing photosynthesis and preventing chlorosis. It also promotes seed germination, seedling growth, and the development of reproductive organs. Iron is essential for chlorophyll formation; iron deficiency prevents chlorophyll production. Copper participates in redox processes within plants and is a component of tyrosinase, involved in nitrogen metabolism.

[0021] This invention further protects a method for preparing the above-mentioned growth-promoting and disease-preventing seed coating suspension, comprising the following steps: The bud-promoting complex, cold-resistant active components, micro-fertilizer, fermentation liquid, insecticide and fungicide microspheres, film-forming agent and adjuvants are added to water, mixed, sheared and ground to obtain a seed coating suspension that promotes growth and prevents disease.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a special yeast protein / phytic acid / cyclodextrin complex nanosponge to encapsulate the hydrophobic active substances brassinolide and abscisic acid, thereby greatly improving the uniform dispersibility and antibacterial properties in water. It is also green, safe, and environmentally friendly, and can better improve the cold resistance and germination rate of seeds.

[0023] 2. The fermentation liquid obtained by fermenting garlic seeds and citrus peels in this invention can improve the antibacterial and insecticidal properties of seeds, provide rich nutrients for seed germination, and is a plant-derived product that is safe, non-toxic, green and biodegradable.

[0024] 3. This invention improves the slow-release and protective properties of insecticides and fungicides by encapsulating them in mesoporous hollow silica spheres and sealing the mesopores with sodium alginate on the surface. This prevents the insecticides and fungicides from being directly degraded and also allows them to remain stably suspended in water with improved uniformity.

[0025] 4. This invention also adds micronutrients to provide seeds with abundant trace elements to promote seed growth; and adds povidone as a film-forming agent for the seed coating, which has good film-forming properties and water absorption and swelling properties, has a low seed coating shedding rate, and does not affect seed germination, growth and root development. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 The infrared spectrum of the sprouting complex prepared in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 2 TEM image of the insecticide and fungicide microspheres prepared in Example 11. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Preparation Example 1: Sprout-promoting complex The preparation method is as follows: S1. Add 1g of inactivated brewer's yeast residue (inactivated by heating the brewer's yeast to 121℃ for 30min) to 150mL of water, add 6g of β-cyclodextrin and 3g of phytic acid, stir and mix evenly, add 0.3g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, heat to 100℃, stir for 1h, hydrothermally react at 140℃ for 7h, wash until neutral, add ethanol to precipitate, filter, wash, and dry to obtain cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex.

[0031] S2. Add the cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex to 100 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, add 2 g of diphenyl carbonate, heat to 85 °C, stir for 20 min, add 0.1 g of triethylamine, keep warm for 1 h, cool to room temperature, filter, add to 100 mL of water, add 0.7 g of brassinolide and 0.3 g of abscisic acid, stir for 1 h to adsorb, and obtain the sprouting complex. Figure 1 The infrared spectrum of the prepared germination-promoting complex is shown in the figure. As can be seen from the figure, the complex basically contains the structural features of the relevant substances.

[0032] Preparation Example 2: Sprout-promoting complex The preparation method is as follows: S1. Add 2g of inactivated brewer's yeast residue (inactivated by heating the brewer's yeast to 121℃ for 30min) to 150mL of water, add 8g of β-cyclodextrin and 5g of phytic acid, stir and mix evenly, add 0.7g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, heat to 100℃, stir for 2h, hydrothermally react at 160℃ for 10h, wash until neutral, add ethanol to precipitate, filter, wash, and dry to obtain cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex.

[0033] S2. Add the cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex to 100 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, add 4 g of carbonyl diimidazole, heat to 95 °C, stir for 40 min, add 0.15 g of triethylamine, keep warm for 3 h, cool to room temperature, filter, add to 100 mL of water, add 1.2 g of brassinolide and 0.5 g of abscisic acid, stir for 3 h to adsorb, and obtain the sprouting complex.

[0034] Preparation Example 3: Sprout-promoting complex The preparation method is as follows: S1. Add 1.5g of inactivated brewer's yeast residue (inactivated by heating the brewer's yeast to 121℃ for 30min) to 150mL of water, add 7g of β-cyclodextrin and 4g of phytic acid, stir and mix evenly, add 0.5g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, heat to 100℃, stir for 1h, hydrothermally react at 150℃ for 8h, wash until neutral, add ethanol to precipitate, filter, wash, dry, and obtain cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex.

[0035] S2. Add the cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex to 100 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, add 3 g of diphenyl carbonate, heat to 90 °C, stir for 30 min, add 0.12 g of triethylamine, keep warm for 2 h, cool to room temperature, filter, add to 100 mL of water, add 1 g of brassinolide and 0.4 g of abscisic acid, stir for 2 h to adsorb, and obtain the sprouting complex.

[0036] Preparation Example 4 The difference from Preparation Example 3 is that brassinolide was replaced by abscisic acid by mass.

[0037] Preparation Example 5 The difference from Preparation Example 3 is that abscisic acid was replaced by brassinolide and other substances.

[0038] Comparative Preparation Example 1 The difference from Preparation Example 3 is that step S2 crosslinking was not performed.

[0039] Specifically as follows: 1.5g of inactivated brewer's yeast residue (inactivated by heating the brewer's yeast to 121℃ for 30min) was added to 150mL of water, along with 7g of β-cyclodextrin and 4g of phytic acid. The mixture was stirred until homogeneous, and 0.5g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was added. The mixture was heated to 100℃ and stirred for 1h. The mixture was then subjected to hydrothermal reaction at 150℃ for 8h. After washing until neutral, the mixture was added to 100mL of water, along with 1g of brassinolide and 0.4g of abscisic acid. The mixture was stirred and adsorbed for 2h. Ethanol was added to precipitate the mixture. The mixture was then filtered, washed, and dried to obtain the sprouting complex.

[0040] Comparative Preparation Example 2 The difference from preparation example 3 is that step S1 was not performed.

[0041] Specifically as follows: 12.5 g of β-cyclodextrin was added to 100 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 3 g of diphenyl carbonate was added, the mixture was heated to 90 °C, stirred for 30 min, 0.12 g of triethylamine was added, the mixture was kept at this temperature for 2 h, cooled to room temperature, filtered, added to 100 mL of water, 1 g of brassinolide and 0.4 g of abscisic acid were added, and the mixture was stirred for 2 h to adsorb, thus obtaining the sprouting complex.

[0042] Preparation Example 6: Fermentation Broth The preparation method is as follows: Mix and crush 5g of dried garlic cloves and 2g of dried citrus peel, add to 100mL of water, sterilize, and inoculate with a bacterial count of 10. 9 -10 10 The inoculum of Bacillus subtilis was inoculated at a concentration of 1 v / v% at 30°C and 100 r / min for 48 h. The mixture was then filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to a relative density (4°C, water = 1.0) of 1.15 to obtain the fermentation broth.

[0043] Preparation Example 7: Fermentation Broth The preparation method is as follows: Mix and crush 10g of dried garlic cloves and 5g of dried citrus peel, add to 100mL of water, sterilize, and inoculate with a bacterial count of 10. 9 -10 10The inoculum of Bacillus subtilis was inoculated at a concentration of 3 v / v% at 35°C and 200 r / min for 56 h. The mixture was then filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to a relative density (4°C, water = 1.0) of 1.2 to obtain the fermentation broth.

[0044] Preparation Example 8: Fermentation Broth The preparation method is as follows: Mix and crush 7g of dried garlic cloves and 3g of dried citrus peel, add to 100mL of water, sterilize, and inoculate with a bacterial count of 10. 9 -10 10 The inoculum of Bacillus subtilis was inoculated at a concentration of 2 v / v% at 32℃ and 150 r / min for 52 h. The mixture was then filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to a relative density (4℃, water = 1.0) of 1.18 to obtain the fermentation broth.

[0045] Preparation Example 9: Insecticide and Fungicide Microspheres The preparation method is as follows: T1. Dissolve 0.7g of methyl orthosilicate and 0.1g of insecticide and fungicide in 50mL of dichloromethane to obtain the oil phase; The insecticide and fungicide are carbendazim and imidacloprid in a mass ratio of 3:1; T2. Dissolve 0.05 g cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and 0.03 g Tween-85 in 100 mL of water to obtain an aqueous phase; T3. Drop the oil phase into the aqueous phase, emulsify at 8000 r / min for 15 min, adjust the pH of the solution to 9-10, stir the reaction for 8 h, centrifuge, wash the solid, dry, and obtain drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres. T4. Add drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres to 50 mL of water, add 0.3 g of sodium alginate, stir and mix evenly, then add 5 mL of 1 wt% calcium chloride solution, stir and crosslink for 10 min, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain insecticide and fungicide microspheres.

[0046] Preparation Example 10: Insecticide and Fungicide Microspheres The preparation method is as follows: T1. Dissolve 1.2g of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 0.2g of insecticide and fungicide in 50mL of dichloromethane to obtain the oil phase; The insecticide and fungicide are carbendazim and imidacloprid in a mass ratio of 5:4; T2. Dissolve 0.1 g cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and 0.07 g Tween-85 in 100 mL of water to obtain an aqueous phase; T3. Drop the oil phase into the aqueous phase, emulsify at 8000 r / min for 15 min, adjust the pH of the solution to 9-10, stir the reaction for 12 h, centrifuge, wash the solid, dry, and obtain drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres. T4. Add drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres to 50 mL of water, add 0.7 g of sodium alginate, stir and mix evenly, then add 5 mL of 2 wt% calcium chloride solution, stir and crosslink for 30 min, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain insecticide and fungicide microspheres.

[0047] Preparation Example 11: Insecticide and Fungicide Microspheres The preparation method is as follows: T1. Dissolve 1g of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 0.15g of insecticide and fungicide in 50mL of dichloromethane to obtain the oil phase; The insecticide and fungicide are carbendazim and imidacloprid in a mass ratio of 4:3; T2. Dissolve 0.07 g cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and 0.05 g Tween-85 in 100 mL of water to obtain an aqueous phase; T3. Drop the oil phase into the aqueous phase, emulsify at 8000 r / min for 15 min, adjust the pH of the solution to 9-10, stir the reaction for 10 h, centrifuge, wash the solid, dry, and obtain drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres. T4. Add drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres to 50 mL of water, add 0.5 g of sodium alginate, stir and mix evenly, then add 5 mL of 1.5 wt% calcium chloride solution, stir and crosslink for 20 min, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain insecticide and fungicide microspheres. Figure 2 The image shows a TEM image of the prepared insecticide and fungicide microspheres. As can be seen from the image, the microspheres have a hollow structure.

[0048] Comparative preparation example 3 The difference compared to Preparation Example 9 is that step T4 was not performed.

[0049] Specifically as follows: T1. Dissolve 1g of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 0.15g of insecticide and fungicide in 50mL of dichloromethane to obtain the oil phase; The insecticide and fungicide are carbendazim and imidacloprid in a mass ratio of 4:3; T2. Dissolve 0.07 g cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and 0.05 g Tween-85 in 100 mL of water to obtain an aqueous phase; T3. Drop the oil phase into the aqueous phase, emulsify at 8000 r / min for 15 min, adjust the pH of the solution to 9-10, stir and react for 10 h, centrifuge, wash the solid, dry, and obtain drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres, which are insecticide and fungicide microspheres.

[0050] Comparative preparation example 4 The difference from preparation example 9 is that steps T1 to T3 were not performed.

[0051] Specifically as follows: Add 0.15g of insecticide and fungicide to 50mL of water, add 0.5g of sodium alginate, stir and mix well, then add 5mL of 1.5wt% calcium chloride solution dropwise, stir and crosslink for 20min, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain insecticide and fungicide microspheres. The insecticide and fungicide is carbendazim and imidacloprid in a mass ratio of 4:3.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a seed coating suspension that promotes growth and prevents disease.

[0054] Raw material composition (weight percentage): 1% of the bud-promoting complex obtained in Preparation Example 1, 0.5% of the cold-resistant active component, 0.5% of the micronutrient fertilizer, 10% of the fermentation broth obtained in Preparation Example 6, 5% of the insecticide and fungicide microspheres obtained in Preparation Example 9, 4% of povidone (PVP-VA64), 5% of the adjuvants, and water to 100%. The adjuvants include the warning color Direct Blue, benzoic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, silicone defoamer, dispersant AP3X, and Tween-85 in a mass ratio of 5:0.1:1:0.5:1:1. The cold-resistant active component is trehalose and choline chloride in a molar ratio of 1:1. The micronutrient fertilizer includes copper chloride, ferric chloride, manganese chloride, and zinc chloride in a mass ratio of 2:5:0.5:2.

[0055] Includes the following steps: The bud-promoting complex, cold-resistant active components, micro-fertilizer, fermentation liquid, insecticide and fungicide microspheres, film-forming agent and adjuvants are added to water, mixed, sheared and ground to obtain a seed coating suspension that promotes growth and prevents disease.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a seed coating suspension that promotes growth and prevents disease.

[0058] Raw material composition (weight percentage): 3% of the bud-promoting complex obtained in Preparation Example 2, 1% of the cold-resistant active component, 0.5-1% of the micronutrient fertilizer, 20% of the fermentation broth obtained in Preparation Example 7, 10% of the insecticide and fungicide microspheres obtained in Preparation Example 10, 7% of povidone (PVP-VA64), 30% of the adjuvants, and water to 100%. The adjuvants include Direct Blue (a warning color), Bropol (a dispersant), xanthan gum, silicone defoamer, dispersant AP3X, and Tween-85 in a mass ratio of 10:0.5:2:1:3:2. The cold-resistant active component is trehalose and choline chloride in a molar ratio of 1:3. The micronutrient fertilizer includes copper chloride, ferric chloride, manganese chloride, and zinc chloride in a mass ratio of 2:5:0.5:2.

[0059] Includes the following steps: The bud-promoting complex, cold-resistant active components, micro-fertilizer, fermentation liquid, insecticide and fungicide microspheres, film-forming agent and adjuvants are added to water, mixed, sheared and ground to obtain a seed coating suspension that promotes growth and prevents disease.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a seed coating suspension that promotes growth and prevents disease.

[0062] Raw material composition (weight percentage): 2% of the bud-promoting complex obtained in Preparation Example 3, 0.7% of the cold-resistant active component, 0.7% of the micronutrient fertilizer, 15% of the fermentation broth obtained in Preparation Example 8, 7% of the insecticide and fungicide microspheres obtained in Preparation Example 11, 5% of povidone (PVP-VA64), 20% of the adjuvants, and water to 100%. The adjuvants include Direct Blue (a warning color), Bropol (a dispersant), xanthan gum, silicone defoamer, dispersant AP3X, and Tween-85 in a mass ratio of 7:0.3:1.5:0.7:2:1.5. The cold-resistant active component is trehalose and choline chloride in a molar ratio of 1:2. The micronutrient fertilizer includes copper chloride, ferric chloride, manganese chloride, and zinc chloride in a mass ratio of 2:5:0.5:2.

[0063] Includes the following steps: The bud-promoting complex, cold-resistant active components, micro-fertilizer, fermentation liquid, insecticide and fungicide microspheres, film-forming agent and adjuvants are added to water, mixed, sheared and ground to obtain a seed coating suspension that promotes growth and prevents disease.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] The difference from Example 3 is that the bud-promoting complex was prepared in Preparation Example 4.

[0066] Example 5

[0067] The difference from Example 3 is that the bud-promoting complex was prepared in Preparation Example 5.

[0068] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 3 is that the bud-promoting complex was prepared by Comparative Preparation Example 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 3 is that the bud-promoting complex was prepared by Comparative Preparation Example 2.

[0070] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 3 is that the insecticide and fungicide microspheres were prepared in Comparative Preparation Example 3.

[0071] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 3 is that the insecticide and fungicide microspheres were prepared by Comparative Preparation Example 4.

[0072] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 3 is that the fermentation broth was replaced with an equal mass of water.

[0073] Test Example 1 The seed-coating suspensions for promoting growth and preventing disease, prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5, were used to coat cotton seeds at a ratio of 1:40. Uncoated seeds served as a blank control group. The coated cotton seeds were then air-dried in a well-ventilated place for a seed germination experiment under low-temperature stress. Germination boxes (20cm × 14cm × 5cm) were used, with sterilized moist river sand as the germination bed. The above-mentioned coated seeds were selected for the experiment, with each treatment replicated three times. Forty seeds were placed neatly on the bed and covered with approximately 1.5cm of moist sand. The seeds were placed in an incubator at 5℃ for 24 hours, followed by continued cultivation in an incubator with a day / night temperature of 20℃ / 10℃ and a light / dark cycle of 12h / 12h. During germination, emergence was defined as the appearance of the embryo above the soil surface, and the number of germinating seeds was recorded daily. Germination potential was measured on day 7, and germination rate was measured on day 14. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] Germination potential = (Number of germinated seeds on day 7 / Number of seeds tested) × 100% Germination rate = (Number of germinated seeds on day 14 / Number of seeds tested) × 100% Table 1

[0075] Note: * indicates P<0.05 compared to the blank control group.

[0076] As shown in the table above, the seed coating suspension prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention can significantly improve the germination potential and germination rate of cotton seeds after they have been subjected to low temperature stress.

[0077] Test Example 2 The seed coating suspensions for promoting growth and preventing disease, prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5, were used to coat Yandan 14 maize seeds at a ratio of 1:40. Uncoated seeds served as a blank control, and insecticide 1605 served as a control group. Seeds treated in the above experiments were selected, with each treatment replicated three times, and 100 seeds per box. Seedling growth and insect resistance were investigated 40 days after sowing. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0078] Table 2

[0079] As shown in the table above, the growth-promoting and disease-preventing seed coating suspension prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention promotes the growth of Yandan 14 maize seeds and can significantly reduce the proportion of weak seedlings and the proportion of plants affected by pests.

[0080] Test Example 3 The growth-promoting and disease-preventing seed coating suspensions prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were tested for physicochemical properties and coating performance in accordance with the national standard GB / T17768—1999 "Specifications for Writing Product Standards for Suspension Seed Coating Agents" and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs' similar product standard NY621—2002 "Duofuke Suspension Seed Coating Agent". The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0081] Table 3

[0082] As shown in the table above, the seed coating suspension prepared by this invention has good comprehensive physicochemical properties.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing disease, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following weight percentages: 1-3% sprouting complex, 0.5-1% cold-resistant active ingredient, 0.5-1% micronutrient fertilizer, 10-20% fermentation broth, 5-10% insecticide and fungicide microspheres, 4-7% film-forming agent, 5-30% additives, and water to 100%. The additives include warning color, preservative, thickener, defoamer, dispersant, and emulsifier. The sprouting complex is a cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex nanosponge encapsulating brassinolide and abscisic acid. The fermentation broth is a concentrated liquid obtained by fermenting garlic seeds and citrus peel with fermenting bacteria. The insecticide and fungicide microspheres are microspheres encapsulating insecticides and fungicides. The film-forming agent is povidone.

2. The seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing disease according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the sprouting compound is as follows: S1. Add inactivated brewer's yeast residue to water, add β-cyclodextrin and phytic acid, stir and mix evenly, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate, heat and stir, hydrothermal reaction, wash until neutral, add ethanol to precipitate, filter, wash, dry, and obtain cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex. S2. Add the cyclodextrin / phytic acid / protein complex to N,N-dimethylformamide, add a cross-linking agent, heat and stir to react, add a catalyst, keep the reaction at a constant temperature, cool to room temperature, filter, add to water, add brassinolide and abscisic acid, stir to adsorb, and obtain the sprouting complex.

3. The seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing disease according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the inactivated brewer's yeast residue, β-cyclodextrin, phytic acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, crosslinking agent, catalyst, brassinolide, and abscisic acid is 1-2:6-8:3-5:0.3-0.7:2-4:0.1-0.15:0.7-1.2:0.3-0.

5. The crosslinking agent is diphenyl carbonate or carbonyl diimidazole, and the catalyst is triethylamine. In step S1, the heating and stirring temperature is 90-100℃ for 1-2 hours, and the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 140-160℃ for 7-10 hours. In step S2, the heating and stirring reaction temperature is 85-95℃ for 20-40 minutes, the heat preservation reaction time is 1-3 hours, and the stirring and adsorption time is 1-3 hours.

4. The seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing disease according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation broth is prepared as follows: garlic cloves and citrus peel are mixed and crushed, added to water, inoculated with fermentation bacteria, fermented and cultured, filtered, and the filtrate is concentrated to obtain the fermentation broth.

5. The seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing disease according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mass ratio of garlic cloves to citrus peel is 5-10:2-5; the fermentation bacteria is a Bacillus subtilis seed culture with a bacterial count of 10. 7 -10 10 The inoculum concentration is 1-3 v / v%, and the fermentation conditions are 30-35℃, 100-200 r / min, and fermentation culture for 48-56 h. The density of the water concentrated to a relative temperature of 4℃ is 1.1-1.

2.

6. The seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing disease according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the insecticide and fungicide microspheres is as follows: T1. Dissolve alkyl orthosilicate and insecticide / fungicide in an organic solvent to obtain an oil phase; T2. Dissolve the pore-forming agent and emulsifier in water to obtain an aqueous phase; T3. The oil phase is added dropwise to the aqueous phase, emulsified, the pH of the solution is adjusted to be alkaline, the reaction is stirred, centrifuged, the solid is washed, and dried to obtain drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres; T4. Add drug-loaded silica mesoporous hollow spheres to water, add sodium alginate, stir and mix evenly, then add calcium chloride solution dropwise, stir to crosslink, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain insecticide and fungicide microspheres.

7. The seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing disease according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the alkyl orthosilicate, insecticide, fungicide, pore-forming agent, emulsifier, and sodium alginate is 7-12:1-2:0.5-1:0.3-0.7:3-7. The pH value of the solution is adjusted to 9-10. The concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 1-2 wt%. The stirring reaction time is 8-12 h. The stirring crosslinking time is 10-30 min.

8. The seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing disease according to claim 6, characterized in that, The insecticide and fungicide include an insecticide and a fungicide. The insecticide is imidacloprid, and the fungicide is at least one of carbendazim, thiram, prochloraz, methyl thiophanate, tricyclazole, and fludioxonil. Preferably, it is carbendazim and imidacloprid in a mass ratio of 3-5:1-4. The porogen is hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. The emulsifier is a Tween series emulsifier. The alkyl orthosilicate is methyl orthosilicate or ethyl orthosilicate.

9. The seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing disease according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micronutrient fertilizer is selected from at least one of copper chloride, ferric chloride, manganese chloride, and zinc chloride. The mass ratio of the warning color, preservative, thickener, defoamer, dispersant, and emulsifier in the adjuvant is 5-10:0.1-0.5:1-2:0.5-1:1-3:1-2. The warning color is Direct Blue, the preservative is benzoic acid or Bropol, the thickener is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or xanthan gum, the defoamer is an organosilicon defoamer, the dispersant is dispersant AP3X, and the emulsifier is a Tween series emulsifier. The cold-resistant active component is trehalose and choline chloride in a molar ratio of 1:1-3.

10. A method for preparing a seed coating suspension agent for promoting growth and preventing disease as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The bud-promoting complex, cold-resistant active components, micro-fertilizer, fermentation liquid, insecticide and fungicide microspheres, film-forming agent and adjuvants are added to water, mixed, sheared and ground to obtain a seed coating suspension that promotes growth and prevents disease.

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