An aerobic compost microbial agent, a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an aerobic compost microbial agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The microbial agent comprises a high-temperature aerobic fermentation microbial agent and a deodorization microbial agent. The high-temperature aerobic fermentation microbial agent comprises extreme thermophilic functional bacteria cultivated by extraction from high-temperature aerobic fermentation of municipal sludge and biomass, and the deodorization microbial agent is constructed by collection and breeding of functional bacteria. The preparation method is that the high-temperature aerobic fermentation microbial agent and the deodorization microbial agent are prepared respectively, and then mixed in proportion or used separately. The application is applied to co-fermentation of municipal sludge and agricultural and forestry waste, can improve fermentation efficiency, reduce odor and produce high-quality compost products. The microbial agent can accelerate temperature rise, shorten the period, improve the organic matter degradation rate and effectively deodorize, and realizes resource utilization of waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microbial inoculants, specifically to a microbial inoculant for aerobic composting, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the adjustment of my country's agricultural and rural economic structure, animal husbandry has achieved sustained, healthy, and rapid development. However, odor pollution caused by livestock and poultry manure has become an environmental problem. Simultaneously, the production of municipal sewage sludge is also increasing, and its harmless disposal urgently needs to be addressed. Aerobic composting is an effective method for treating organic waste, achieving waste reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery. However, traditional aerobic composting technology has some limitations, such as slow heating rates, long fermentation cycles, and the tendency to generate odors. Therefore, developing a highly efficient aerobic composting microbial agent is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an aerobic composting microbial agent to improve the efficiency of aerobic composting, reduce odor generation, and achieve rapid decomposition and harmless treatment of organic waste.

[0004] 1. Technical Solution The aerobic composting microbial agent of the present invention includes the following strains: High-temperature aerobic fermentation inoculants: These contain dominant microbial strains extracted from different fermentation stages of high-temperature aerobic fermentation of urban sludge and biomass, and are selected through cultivation and screening. These strains are extremely thermophilic functional bacteria capable of degrading starch, fat, protein, and cellulose, such as Bacillus sp. and Geobacillus stearothermophilus. These strains can increase the rate of aerobic fermentation and humification, accelerate the degradation of organic matter, promote rapid aerobic fermentation and maturation, shorten the fermentation cycle, effectively kill insect eggs and weed seeds, and reduce nitrogen loss and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions.

[0005] Deodorizing bacterial agent: Based on the analysis of the components of municipal sewage sludge and agricultural and forestry waste, various highly efficient deodorizing bacteria and functional bacteria that rapidly decompose feces, such as yeast (Saccharomyces sp.), lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus sp.), and actinomycetes (Actinomycetes sp.), were collected from existing microbial resources and isolated and selected from typical habitats, guided by the microbial ecological principle of "symbiosis, coexistence, and mutual prosperity." This deodorizing bacterial agent has a high removal rate of odors such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, can inhibit the regeneration and emission of odors, and has an inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

[0006] 2. Preparation method Preparation of high-temperature aerobic fermentation inoculants: Samples of urban sludge and biomass at different stages of high-temperature aerobic fermentation were collected, the succession of microbial community composition was analyzed, and dominant strains were extracted.

[0007] The dominant bacterial strains were cultured in a high-temperature environment to screen for extremely thermophilic functional bacteria.

[0008] Extremely thermophilic functional bacteria selected by screening were compounded in a certain proportion to prepare a high-temperature aerobic fermentation agent.

[0009] Preparation of deodorizing bacteria: Collect various functional strains such as highly efficient deodorizing bacteria and fecal rapid decomposition bacteria, and isolate and select them from typical habitats.

[0010] Research and development of rapid screening and efficient microbial models and activity evaluation platforms.

[0011] Centered on the "leading bacterium," and combining the physiological and ecological habits and functional characteristics of microorganisms, various functional strains are optimized and configured in proportion to construct a safe and efficient functional compound microbial deodorizing agent.

[0012] 3. Application Applying the microbial agent of this invention to the co-fermentation treatment of municipal sludge and agricultural and forestry waste can adjust parameters such as carbon-nitrogen ratio, moisture content, and porosity during the fermentation process, thereby improving fermentation efficiency, reducing odor emissions, and producing garden soil or fertilizer products that meet the standards.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: ①The microbial agent of the present invention can significantly increase the heating rate of aerobic composting, shorten the fermentation cycle, and increase the degradation rate of organic matter.

[0014] ② It effectively reduces the generation of odorous gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, improves the composting environment, and reduces pollution to the surrounding environment.

[0015] ③ The produced compost products are of high quality and can be used as garden soil or fertilizer, realizing the resource utilization of organic waste and meeting the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 To verify the experimental results of the removal rates of NH3 and H2S in the experimental group; Figure 2 The results of the experiment on the removal rate of NH3 and H2S in the experimental group for optimizing the inoculum amount of bacterial agent. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1 1. Strain screening and cultivation Samples were collected from municipal sludge and garden waste during the high-temperature aerobic fermentation process. The microbial community was analyzed, and dominant strains, such as Bacillus sp. and Geobacillus stearothermophilus, were screened.

[0018] The selected strains were cultivated in a high-temperature environment (above 80℃) to optimize the culture conditions and improve the activity of the strains.

[0019] 2. Preparation of microbial agents The cultured high-temperature aerobic fermentation inoculants are mixed in a certain proportion to prepare a high-temperature aerobic fermentation inoculant.

[0020] We collected deodorizing bacteria such as yeast (Saccharomyces sp.), lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus sp.), and actinomycetes (Actinomycetes sp.) and bacteria that rapidly decompose feces, and constructed a deodorizing agent through optimized configuration.

[0021] 3. Co-fermentation experiment Take a certain amount of municipal sludge and garden waste, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25-35:1, and the moisture content to 50-60%.

[0022] Add the prepared microbial inoculant and conduct aerobic composting experiments, regularly monitoring parameters such as temperature, pH value, and organic matter content.

[0023] Example 2 1. Strain screening and cultivation Microorganisms were isolated from municipal sludge and agricultural and forestry waste samples from different sources, and strains with high degradation and deodorization capabilities, such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, were screened.

[0024] The selected strains were domesticated and cultivated to adapt them to the composting environment.

[0025] 2. Preparation of microbial agents A compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing high-temperature aerobic fermentation inoculant and deodorizing inoculant in a certain proportion.

[0026] Optimize the formulation of microbial agents to improve their stability and effectiveness.

[0027] 3. Co-fermentation experiment Prepare a mixture of municipal sludge and agricultural and forestry waste, and adjust it to a suitable carbon-nitrogen ratio and moisture content.

[0028] Inoculate with compound microbial agents and conduct composting experiments to compare the fermentation effects of different treatment groups.

[0029] Experimental results In the experiments of Examples 1 and 2, the treatment group treated with the microbial agent of this invention showed a significantly faster rate of temperature rise during fermentation, with the highest temperature reaching over 80°C, and the fermentation cycle was shortened to 15-20 days. Compared with the control group, the organic matter degradation rate increased by 20-30%, the removal rate of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide reached over 80%, and the compost product met the quality standards for garden substrate or fertilizer.

[0030] Precautions Microbial agents should be stored in a cool, dry place, avoiding direct sunlight and high temperatures.

[0031] During use, the bacterial agent should be added strictly according to the prescribed dosage and method, and should be avoided from being mixed with bactericides, antibiotics, or other substances.

[0032] Adjust parameters during the aerobic composting process, such as carbon-nitrogen ratio, moisture content, and aeration rate, to ensure the best effect of microbial agents.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An aerobic composting microbial inoculant, characterized in that, Including the following strains: High-temperature aerobic fermentation inoculant contains dominant strains extracted from different fermentation stages of high-temperature aerobic fermentation of urban sludge and biomass, which are then cultivated and screened to be extreme thermophilic functional bacteria capable of degrading starch, fat, protein and cellulose. The deodorizing agent contains highly efficient deodorizing bacteria and fecal rapid decomposition bacteria collected from existing bacterial resources and isolated and selected from typical habitats, and is constructed based on the microbial ecological principle of "symbiosis, coexistence, and mutual prosperity".

2. The aerobic composting microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extreme thermophilic functional bacteria include one or more of the genera Bacillus sp. and Geobacillus stearothermophilus.

3. The aerobic composting microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deodorizing agent contains one or more of the following bacteria: yeast (Saccharomyces sp.), lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus sp.), and actinomycetes (Actinomycetes sp.).

4. A method for preparing the aerobic composting microbial inoculant according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of high-temperature aerobic fermentation inoculant: Samples were collected from different stages of high-temperature aerobic fermentation of urban sludge and biomass to analyze the succession pattern of microbial community composition and extract dominant strains. The dominant bacterial strains were cultured in a high-temperature environment to screen for extremely thermophilic functional bacteria. A high-temperature aerobic fermentation agent was prepared by combining and screening extreme thermophilic functional bacteria in a certain proportion. (2) Preparation of deodorizing bacteria agent: Collect various functional strains such as highly efficient deodorizing bacteria and fecal rapid decomposition bacteria, and isolate and select them from typical habitats; Research and development of rapid screening and efficient microbial models and activity evaluation platforms; Centered on the "leading bacterium," and combining the physiological and ecological habits and functional characteristics of microorganisms, various functional strains are optimized and configured in proportion to construct a safe and efficient functional compound microbial deodorizing agent.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-temperature environment is above 80°C.

6. The application of the aerobic composting microbial agent according to claim 1 in the co-fermentation of municipal sludge and agricultural and forestry waste, characterized in that, Microbial agents are added to a mixture of municipal sludge and agricultural and forestry waste with adjusted carbon-nitrogen ratio and moisture content for aerobic composting.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, The carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25-35:1, and the moisture content is adjusted to 50-60%.

8. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, The amount of microbial agent added is determined based on the amount of waste and fermentation conditions.

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