Polyester filament spinning apparatus and one-step three-component production process thereof

Abstract

The application provides a polyester filament spinning equipment and a one-step three-component production process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of polyester filament spinning. The application cooperates a steady pressure box body and a guide fan to complete steady pressure rectification of cooling air, lays a foundation for subsequent airflow homogenization, and drives a damper to rotate through a micro motor driving shaft, so that the air volume can be accurately controlled, and the airflow is converted into uniform laminar flow through the design of the honeycomb-shaped air outlet of the honeycomb-shaped guide plate, which effectively avoids the problem of poor filament bundle forming caused by uneven traditional cooling airflow. More importantly, the grounding fixed needle body and the cooling airflow function are in situ linkage, without additional static neutralization equipment, and the needle tip corona discharge is excited by the static electricity of the filament bundle itself, so that the cooling laminar flow carries ions when passing through the needle body area, forming ion-carrying cooling airflow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polyester filament spinning technology, and in particular to a polyester filament spinning equipment and its one-step three-component production process. Background Technology

[0002] Polyester filament, with its excellent mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, and chemical stability, is widely used in textiles, clothing, and industrial filter materials. Among them, CEY composite yarn, which combines crimp elasticity and full matte finish, enjoys continuously rising market demand due to its comfortable elastic feel and understated matte appearance. To meet the production needs of this type of composite yarn, the industry often adopts multi-component spinning technology, which combines polyester fibers with different properties to give the finished yarn multiple functions.

[0003] However, existing polyester filament spinning equipment and processes still face numerous technical bottlenecks in practical applications, making it difficult to balance production efficiency, finished product quality, and process simplification. At the equipment level, traditional spinning cooling systems often only have a single cooling function. After being transported, the cooling air is prone to airflow turbulence and uneven flow rates, leading to inconsistent cooling and shaping of the filament bundles. This, in turn, results in defects such as uneven filament thickness and fluctuations in mechanical properties. Simultaneously, the filament bundles easily accumulate static electricity during spinning due to friction and electrostatic induction. Existing technologies typically require an additional static electricity neutralization device after the cooling process. This not only increases the complexity of the equipment structure and occupies production space but may also lead to untimely static electricity neutralization due to gaps between processes, causing filament bundle adhesion and displacement, affecting spinning continuity and forming stability.

[0004] Furthermore, it is difficult to adjust the air supply parameters in real time according to the dynamic swing state of the filament bundle. When the filament bundle deviates or swings slightly, the molding defects are easily aggravated due to insufficient airflow adaptability. It lacks dynamic adaptive control capability. Although some equipment is equipped with detection elements, most of them can only achieve single parameter monitoring. It is difficult to form a precise linkage closed loop with the airflow adjustment unit. The control accuracy is difficult to meet the production needs of multi-component composite filaments.

[0005] Therefore, this application provides a polyester filament spinning equipment and its one-step three-component production process to meet the requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a polyester filament spinning equipment and its one-step three-component production process to solve the problems of uneven cooling airflow and the need for additional static electricity neutralization in existing polyester spinning equipment, which leads to unstable filament formation.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A polyester filament spinning device includes a spinning machine, on which guide rollers and a wire harness guiding assembly are provided. An airflow regulating assembly and a static pressure detection tube are provided on one side of the spinning machine. The airflow regulating assembly includes a pressure stabilizing housing, a guide fan disposed within the pressure stabilizing housing, a rectangular air chamber communicating with the pressure stabilizing housing, and a damper regulating unit disposed between the pressure stabilizing housing and the rectangular air chamber. The air outlet of the rectangular air chamber is provided with a honeycomb-shaped guide plate, and the air outlet area of ​​the honeycomb-shaped guide plate is provided with multiple fixed needles, which are connected to the equipment grounding system. The cooling air, after being regulated and rectified by the pressure stabilizing box, flows through the damper adjustment unit into the rectangular air chamber, where it forms a uniform laminar flow via the honeycomb guide plate. When this laminar flow passes through the fixed needle area, the needle tip corona discharge is excited by the electrostatic excitation of the filament bundle, generating an ion-carrying cooling airflow in situ and acting horizontally on the filament bundle, simultaneously completing cooling and shaping and electrostatic neutralization. The static pressure detection tube collects the dynamic parameters of the filament bundle in real time and feeds back the adjustment signal to the damper adjustment unit, dynamically adjusting the air supply state of the rectangular air chamber so that the cooling airflow parameters are adaptively matched with the filament bundle oscillation state.

[0009] By using a voltage stabilizing box and a flow guide fan to stabilize and rectify the airflow, combined with a honeycomb-shaped flow guide plate, the airflow is transformed into a uniform laminar flow. This avoids differences in filament formation caused by uneven cooling airflow and improves the consistency of filament shaping. At the same time, the grounded and fixed needle body is linked in situ with the cooling airflow. The electrostatic discharge of the filament excites the corona discharge of the needle tip, causing the cooling airflow to carry ions. This simultaneously completes cooling shaping and electrostatic neutralization, eliminating the need for additional electrostatic neutralization equipment, simplifying the equipment structure, and solving the problems of filament adhesion and displacement caused by electrostatic discharge. This ensures the continuity of spinning. Furthermore, through the signal linkage between the static pressure detection tube and the damper adjustment unit, the air supply state is adjusted in real time according to the dynamic parameters of the filament. This achieves adaptive matching between the cooling airflow and the filament oscillation, improves the dynamic control accuracy of the spinning process, and further ensures the quality of filament formation.

[0010] Optionally, the guide fan is fixedly installed on one side of the back of the spinning machine, and a fixed frame is fixedly installed inside the pressure stabilizing box near the rectangular air chamber. Two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the two sides inside the fixed frame.

[0011] By placing the guide fan externally on the back of the spinning machine, interference with the core spinning area is avoided, while ensuring the stability of the cooling air supply and facilitating equipment maintenance. At the same time, a fixed frame is set near the rectangular air chamber end of the pressure stabilizing box, providing a stable mounting base for the rotating shaft, ensuring the smoothness of the shaft rotation and structural rigidity. Furthermore, rotating shafts are set on both sides within the fixed frame, providing symmetrical mounting carriers for subsequent damper adjustment components, enabling synchronous or independent airflow adjustment on both sides, improving the accuracy and flexibility of airflow control, and ensuring stable control of the cooling airflow before it enters the rectangular air chamber.

[0012] Optionally, a micro motor is fixedly connected to the top of each of the two rotating shafts, and two dampers are fixedly connected to the outer walls of each of the two rotating shafts, the two dampers being used to adjust the wind speed.

[0013] By independently driving the corresponding rotating shaft with a micro motor, the dual dampers can be synchronously or independently precisely controlled, making the airflow and speed adjustment more flexible and adaptable to the airflow requirements of different spinning conditions. The dual dampers work together to make the airflow and velocity entering the rectangular air chamber more controllable, ensuring the basic stability of the cooling airflow and laying the foundation for subsequent laminar flow. The motor-driven automatic adjustment method has a fast response speed and can be used with detection signals to realize dynamic adjustment of airflow, improving the airflow control accuracy and automation level of the spinning process.

[0014] Optionally, the rectangular air chamber is fixedly installed inside one side of the spinning machine, and the honeycomb guide plate and the fixed needle body are both located inside the rectangular air chamber. The surface of the honeycomb guide plate is provided with multiple honeycomb-shaped air outlets for uniform airflow.

[0015] By placing the rectangular air chamber on the side of the spinning machine, it achieves compact integration and saves space, while forming a closed airflow channel to prevent cooling air leakage and ensure airflow utilization efficiency. The honeycomb guide plate and the fixed needle are placed in the air chamber to achieve continuous operation of rectification and ion-carrying cooling, making the connection between airflow treatment and electrostatic neutralization smoother and improving spinning efficiency. The honeycomb air outlet fully rectifies the regulated airflow into a uniform laminar flow, completely avoiding airflow turbulence, ensuring consistent cooling and shaping of all parts of the filament bundle, solving the problem of uneven thickness of the finished filament. The laminar flow environment provides stable conditions for corona discharge of the fixed needle, ensuring uniform ion carrying, making electrostatic neutralization of the filament bundle more thorough, and further improving the stability of spinning formation.

[0016] Optionally, fixing plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixing needle body, and the fixing plates are connected to the inner sidewall of the rectangular air chamber. A damping spring is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate, and a fixing strip is fixedly connected to one end of the damping spring.

[0017] A rigid connection between the needle body and the air chamber wall is achieved through a fixing plate, ensuring the needle body is firmly installed and preventing displacement caused by airflow impact. This maintains the precise distance between the needle body and the yarn bundle. The damping spring, together with the fixing strip, forms a vibration reduction structure, effectively absorbing airflow disturbances and vibrations from equipment operation, preventing needle body swaying and tip deviation. Vibration reduction and anti-shaking ensure continuous and stable corona discharge at the needle tip, ensuring uniform generation of ion-carrying cooling airflow, making the electrostatic neutralization and cooling shaping effects more stable, reducing vibration wear on the needle body, extending the needle body's service life, and reducing equipment maintenance frequency and costs. The overall structure is compact, fits the needle body closely, does not interfere with the normal flow of cooling airflow, and does not affect the spinning process.

[0018] Optionally, a slot is provided inside the bottom of the rectangular air chamber, and a dust collection box is attached to the rectangular air chamber through the slot. The dust collection box is used to collect dust that falls from the fixed needle body.

[0019] By directionally collecting dust and impurities from the needle body, it prevents them from contaminating the yarn bundle with the airflow, ensuring the purity of the finished yarn quality. The snap-fit ​​design makes the dust collection box easy to install and remove without disassembling the air chamber, reducing maintenance difficulty and downtime. It prevents dust accumulation from interfering with airflow, ensuring the uniformity of cooling laminar flow, while reducing dust contamination of the needle tip, ensuring stable corona discharge, keeping the inside of the air chamber clean, extending the service life of the air chamber and internal components, and reducing equipment maintenance costs.

[0020] Optionally, the static pressure detection tube is located in the spinning area and is signal-connected to the adjustment unit, wherein the damper adjustment unit can adjust the air supply state of the rectangular air chamber in real time according to the dynamic parameters of the filament detected by the static pressure detection tube.

[0021] By collecting dynamic parameters such as filament oscillation and airflow disturbance in real time, it provides accurate signal basis for airflow adjustment and forms a closed-loop linkage with the damper adjustment unit. The signal feedback is timely and the adjustment response is fast, realizing adaptive matching between airflow and filament state, dynamically adjusting air supply parameters, avoiding filament forming defects caused by insufficient airflow adaptation, improving the stability and consistency of filament forming, realizing automated airflow control, reducing manual intervention, improving the automation level of equipment, and meeting the high-precision production requirements of multi-component composite filaments.

[0022] Optionally, a stabilizing cavity is fixedly connected to the outside of one side of the spinning machine, the rectangular air chamber is located inside the stabilizing cavity, a dustproof door is connected to the front of the stabilizing cavity by a hinge, a storage bin is fixedly installed on the top inside the stabilizing cavity, a yarn nozzle is connected through the output end of the storage bin, a feeding pipe is connected through the input end, and two static pressure detection tubes are provided, located on both sides inside the stabilizing cavity respectively.

[0023] The stable cavity creates a closed spinning environment, isolating external interference, ensuring stable cooling airflow, and improving the repeatability of the spinning process. Dual static pressure detection tubes monitor both sides to accurately capture filament deviation, achieving adaptive balance of left and right air supply and ensuring that the filament is at the center of airflow symmetry. The material storage bin and filament nozzle are integrated into the cavity, realizing the integration of melt supply to filament forming and improving the synergy of the spinning process. The dust door facilitates the inspection and cleaning of the cavity, maintaining a clean spinning environment. The rectangular air chamber is located inside the cavity, with a compact layout that saves equipment space.

[0024] Optionally, a fixed outer cylinder and a drive motor are fixedly installed on the top of the spinning machine. The output end of the drive motor is splinedly connected to a screw, which is located inside the fixed outer cylinder. Two hoppers are connected through the top of the fixed outer cylinder, and an outlet pipe is connected through the output end, which is connected to the storage bin.

[0025] The dual hoppers accommodate the feeding needs of multi-component raw materials, meeting the raw material supply requirements of one-step three-component spinning. The screw is connected by a spline and driven by a motor, ensuring reliable torque transmission and stable operation. This achieves efficient conveying, melting, and homogenization of raw materials. The screw's strong shearing and pressure-stabilizing effects eliminate melt pressure fluctuations, ensuring the stability of melt supply and improving the uniformity of spinneret formation. An integrated channel is formed from raw material feeding to melt conveying to the storage silo, ensuring smooth process connection and improving spinning efficiency. The equipment's compact top layout saves space.

[0026] The second objective of this invention is to provide a one-step three-component production process for polyester filament, which includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. Raw material preparation and zoned transportation: In the polymerization unit, by precisely controlling the reaction parameters, high-viscosity PET melt with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.70-0.9 dl / g and low-viscosity PET melt with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.40-0.55 dl / g are prepared separately (to provide raw materials for direct spinning SPH of A / B component melts). At the same time, solid full-dull chips are reserved as component C.

[0028] A / B high and low viscosity PET melts are transported to the SPH melt direct spinning production line through a dedicated closed-loop pipeline and booster pump system. The inner wall of the pipeline is smooth and free of impurities, ensuring stable melt characteristics.

[0029] The C-component fully dull chips are transported to the fixed outer cylinder double hopper of the newly added spinning equipment through an independent closed-loop pipeline and booster pump system, consistent with the original process, achieving complete partitioned transportation of the C-component chips from the A / B components and avoiding interference with the raw material properties.

[0030] S2, Zoned Spinning: A / B melt direct spinning, SPH+C components are spun independently by the equipment.

[0031] A / B component melt direct spinning SPH filament bundle: High and low viscosity PET melt is fed into the special spinning box of the SPH direct spinning production line. The temperature is precisely controlled and melt spinning is carried out according to the requirements of SPH spinning process. After cooling, stretching and shaping, A / B composite SPH nascent filament bundle is obtained and transported to the twisting station for later use by the guiding mechanism.

[0032] Component C is spun independently by the newly added equipment: The fully dull chips of component C are fed into the A, B, and C spinning boxes of the newly added spinning equipment. Spinning box C (temperature controlled at 270-280℃, with the original process parameters unchanged) is a physically independent split structure equipped with an independent heating system. After being melted by the screw extruder of the equipment, it is spun into a fully dull component C primary filament bundle through the conventional spinning components of the equipment.

[0033] The C-component filament bundle is formed in the stable cavity of the equipment, and precise spinning is achieved using the equipment's filament nozzle. The guide roller and the wire harness guide assembly guide the filament bundle to descend stably, providing a straight and stable filament bundle foundation for subsequent stranding.

[0034] S3. Pre-treatment and shaping before stranding: Precise shaping of C-component filaments: The initial C-component filaments undergo core shaping in the newly added spinning equipment. Cooling air is regulated and rectified by the equipment's pressure stabilizing box and guide fan. The airflow is precisely controlled by the damper adjustment unit. The honeycomb guide plate forms a uniform laminar flow. When the laminar flow passes through the grounded fixed needle area, it generates ion-carrying cooling airflow, simultaneously completing the cooling and shaping of the C-component filaments and neutralizing static electricity, completely avoiding the impact of static adhesion and displacement of the C-component filaments on stranding accuracy.

[0035] Static pressure dynamic control: The equipment's dual static pressure detection tubes collect the dynamic parameters of the C-component filament bundle in real time, feed back the signal to the damper adjustment unit, and dynamically adjust the air supply state so that the cooling airflow and the swing of the C-component filament bundle are adaptively matched, ensuring the linear density uniformity of the C-component filament bundle and laying the foundation for precise stranding with the SPH filament bundle.

[0036] A / B-SPH filament pretreatment: The A / B composite SPH filament is sent into a constant temperature and humidity pretreatment system (air temperature 20-24℃, relative humidity 80%-100%, consistent with the original process cooling parameters) to complete secondary curing, so that the hardness and elasticity of the filament are compatible with the C component filament, and to avoid the occurrence of strand breakage and filament scattering due to performance differences after stranding.

[0037] S4. Twisting and Two-Stage Composite Reinforcement: The pretreated A / B composite SPH filament bundle and the fully dull C component filament bundle after being shaped by the newly added equipment are fed into the twisting mechanism. First, mechanical twisting is used to achieve initial twisting. Then, they are fed into the matching network device of the equipment. Under the action of the high-speed airflow of the network device, the two filament bundles are fully intertwined and bound together, completing the macroscopic physical composite and twisting reinforcement, forming a composite filament bundle with a tight structure and strong cohesion.

[0038] The twisted filament bundle can be guided again by the wire harness guide component of the equipment to ensure that the filament bundle is free from twisting and deviation, thus guaranteeing the quality of subsequent winding.

[0039] S5. Final heat setting and winding: The stranded and composite filament bundle is sent into a hot box for final heat setting treatment to eliminate the internal stress generated during stranding and entanglement, enhance the crimping elasticity and structural stability of the filament bundle, fully stimulate the three-dimensional crimping effect after the A / B-SPH filament bundle and the C component filament bundle are combined, and endow the finished filament with excellent CEY elasticity and full dullness characteristics.

[0040] After heat setting, the filament bundles are wound into shape using a high-speed winding machine (12-head or 32-head configuration) to produce a finished product of fully dull CEY composite yarn composed of A / B-SPH and C components. The finished product can be directly used in subsequent weaving processes.

[0041] This process involves separate feeding of raw materials in designated zones, precise spinning and shaping of the A / B melt direct spinning SPH and C components using specialized equipment, targeted pretreatment and adaptation of the yarn bundles, two-stage composite reinforcement through mechanical plying and airflow entanglement, and finally, heat setting and high-speed winding. This process produces polyester CEY composite yarns with excellent CEY elasticity and full dullness, which can be directly used for weaving. The entire process is highly coordinated, ensuring the precision and stability of yarn bundle forming and composite, while also improving production efficiency, simplifying the production line, and giving the finished product higher market added value.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0043] This invention achieves stable and rectified cooling airflow through the coordinated action of a pressure-stabilizing housing and a flow guide fan, laying the foundation for subsequent airflow uniformity. The damper adjustment unit drives the damper to rotate via a micro motor-driven shaft, enabling precise control of airflow. Combined with the honeycomb-shaped air outlet design of the honeycomb-shaped flow guide plate, the airflow is transformed into uniform laminar flow, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven filament formation caused by uneven cooling airflow in traditional methods.

[0044] More importantly, by linking the grounding and fixing needle body with the cooling airflow function in situ, there is no need to add an additional static electricity neutralization device. The static electricity of the yarn itself is used to excite the corona discharge of the needle tip, so that the cooling laminar flow carries ions simultaneously when passing through the needle body area, forming an ion-carrying cooling airflow. This achieves the simultaneous completion of cooling and shaping and static electricity neutralization, which simplifies the equipment structure and solves the problems of yarn adhesion and displacement caused by static electricity accumulation from the root, ensuring the stability of spinning and forming.

[0045] Meanwhile, the static pressure detection tube and the damper adjustment unit form a real-time signal linkage. The two static pressure detection tubes monitor the dynamic parameters of the filament bundle on both sides of the stable cavity, and the feedback signal drives the damper adjustment unit to adjust the air supply state, so that the cooling airflow parameters and the filament bundle swing state are adaptively matched, and the dynamic and precise control of the spinning process is realized.

[0046] At the process level, this invention features a one-step three-component production process that is highly compatible with the functions of the aforementioned equipment. Through the coordinated design of each process, it achieves efficient composite and functional integration of multi-component filaments. In the initial stage of the process, three completely independent pipeline and booster pump systems are used to separately transport high-viscosity PET melt, low-viscosity PET melt, and fully dull chips, avoiding interference between different raw material characteristics from the source and providing raw material guarantee for subsequent precise composite. Three physically independent spinning boxes equipped with three heating systems achieve gradient precise temperature control, which is adapted to the melt spinning requirements of each component. Among them, the A and B component melts are linked with the composite spinning machine and the filament nozzle, flowing independently in the machine to the nozzle micro-orifice outlet where they converge and bond into parallel nascent monofilaments. The difference in viscosity / shrinkage rate between the two components is cleverly utilized to build the structural foundation for the subsequent three-dimensional crimping effect.

[0047] Furthermore, after the A / B composite multifilament is cured by the equipment's constant temperature and humidity cooling system (air temperature 20-24℃, humidity 80%-100%), it is stretched and heat-set in a hot box to specifically stimulate the potential three-dimensional crimping effect brought about by the bicomponent structure, giving the filament bundle excellent CEY elasticity. Subsequently, it is intertwined and bound with the independently spun full-dull C filament bundle through a high-speed airflow of a networker to complete macroscopic physical composite, so that the finished filament integrates crimp and full-dullness. Finally, it is wound into shape by a high-speed winding machine with 12 to 32 heads, directly producing woven products without the need for additional subsequent composite processing steps, significantly shortening the production cycle and reducing production energy consumption and costs. The linkage innovation of the equipment structure provides hardware support for the process implementation, and the optimized design of the process fully leverages the functional advantages of the equipment. The two work together to realize the automation and continuity of the spinning process, ensuring the consistency of the finished filament quality, while increasing the added value of the product, and has significant industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a polyester filament spinning equipment;

[0049] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the airflow regulating component of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a split view of the fixing frame and damper in the airflow regulating assembly of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a partial structural exploded view of the airflow regulating component of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the airflow regulating component of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a plan view of the airflow regulating component of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7This is an overall plan view of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cutting process of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a one-step three-component production process.

[0057] Figure label:

[0058] 100. Spinning machine; 101. Guide roller; 102. Wire harness guide assembly; 200. Fixed outer cylinder; 201. Drive motor; 202. Screw; 203. Hopper; 204. Outlet pipe; 300. Stabilizing cavity; 301. Dustproof door; 302. Storage bin; 303. Fiber nozzle; 400. Airflow regulating assembly; 401. Pressure stabilizing box; 402. Guide fan; 403. Fixing frame; 404. Micro motor; 405. Air damper; 406. Rectangular air chamber; 4061. Dust collection box; 407. Honeycomb guide plate; 408. Fixed needle body; 4081. Damping spring; 409. Fixing strip; 500. Static pressure detection tube. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention in order to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, based on the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a polyester filament spinning device, including a spinning machine 100. The spinning machine 100 is provided with a guide roller 101 and a wire harness guide assembly 102. An airflow regulating assembly 400 and a static pressure detection tube 500 are provided on one side of the spinning machine 100. The airflow regulating assembly 400 includes a pressure stabilizing box 401, a guide fan 402 disposed in the pressure stabilizing box 401, a rectangular air chamber 406 communicating with the pressure stabilizing box 401, and a damper regulating unit disposed between the pressure stabilizing box 401 and the rectangular air chamber 406. The air outlet of the rectangular air chamber 406 is provided with a honeycomb-shaped guide plate 407, and the air outlet area of ​​the honeycomb-shaped guide plate 407 is provided with multiple The fixed needle body 408 is connected to the equipment grounding system. After being regulated and rectified by the voltage regulator box 401, the cooling air flows through the damper adjustment unit into the rectangular air chamber 406 and forms a uniform laminar flow through the honeycomb guide plate 407. When the laminar flow passes through the area of ​​the fixed needle body 408, the needle tip corona discharge is excited by the electrostatic excitation of the filament bundle, and ion-carrying cooling airflow is generated in situ and acts horizontally on the filament bundle, simultaneously completing cooling and shaping and electrostatic neutralization. The static pressure detection tube 500 collects the dynamic parameters of the filament bundle in real time and feeds back the adjustment signal to the damper adjustment unit to dynamically adjust the air supply state of the rectangular air chamber 406 so that the cooling airflow parameters and the filament bundle swing state are adaptively matched.

[0061] Specifically, to enhance system adaptability, the static pressure detection tube 500 is positioned near the yarn cooling path to detect airflow disturbances and dynamic yarn swing in real time. It then feeds the pressure signal back to the damper 405 adjustment unit, driving it to automatically adjust its opening to dynamically match the airflow and pressure requirements under different spinning speeds or environmental conditions. It should be noted that the fixed needle body 408 is preferably made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel, with its tip curvature radius controlled within 0.1–0.3 mm to ensure the corona initiation voltage matches the polyester electrostatic level. The honeycomb guide plate's aperture and opening ratio are optimized through fluid dynamics to ensure the Reynolds number remains within the laminar flow range. Thus, the entire device achieves a unified balance between cooling precision, electrostatic control, and process robustness while maintaining the characteristics of continuous and efficient one-step production, significantly improving the forming quality and operational stability of parallel or multi-component polyester composite filaments.

[0062] From the above, we can conclude that:

[0063] By tightly integrating the airflow regulation component 400 with the spinning forming area, a collaborative working system integrating cooling, electrostatic suppression and dynamic response is constructed. The guide roller 101 and the wire bundle guide assembly 102 on the spinning machine 100 guide the composite fiber bundle that descends vertically from the spinneret to run stably. At the same time, the cooling air first enters the pressure stabilizing box 401, is initially homogenized by the guide fan 402, and then enters the rectangular air chamber 406 after the flow rate is precisely controlled by the damper 405 adjustment unit. Finally, it forms a highly uniform transverse laminar flow through the honeycomb guide plate 407. The key is that the air outlet area of ​​the honeycomb guide plate is equipped with multiple fixed needles 408 that are reliably connected to the equipment grounding system. When the high-speed descending fiber bundle carries high voltage static electricity due to friction and passes through this area, its own electric field induces air corona discharge at the grounding needle tip, generating positive and negative ions in situ without the need for an external power source. The cooling airflow carries these ions the moment it flows out of the guide plate, forming an ion-carrying cooling air with electrostatic neutralization capability. It blows horizontally on the fiber bundle, achieving rapid and uniform heat setting while instantly eliminating surface charge and effectively preventing filament drift, filament bundling, and adsorption of environmental particles.

[0064] like Figures 2 to 6As shown, the guide fan 402 is fixedly installed on one side of the back of the spinning machine 100. A fixed frame 403 is fixedly installed inside the voltage stabilizer box 401 near one end of the rectangular air chamber 406. Two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to both sides inside the fixed frame 403. Micro motors 404 are fixedly connected to the tops of the two rotating shafts, and two dampers 405 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two rotating shafts. The two dampers 405 are used to adjust the wind speed. The rectangular air chamber 406 is fixedly installed inside one side of the spinning machine 100. The honeycomb guide plate 407 and the fixed needle body 408 are both located within the rectangular air chamber. Inside chamber 406, the surface of honeycomb baffle 407 is provided with multiple honeycomb-shaped air outlets for uniform airflow. Fixing plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixing needle body 408, and the fixing plates are connected to the inner side wall of the rectangular air chamber 406. A damping spring 4081 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate, and a fixing strip 409 is fixedly connected to one end of the damping spring 4081. A slot is provided inside the bottom of the rectangular air chamber 406, and a dust collection box 4061 is engaged with the rectangular air chamber 406 through the slot. The dust collection box 4061 is used to collect the dust that falls from the fixing needle body 408.

[0065] Specifically, to achieve stable and reliable passive electrostatic neutralization, this device ensures functionality by precisely designing the spatial electric field coupling relationship between the grounded fixing needle 408 and the filament bundle. The key is controlling the vertical distance between the tip of the fixing needle 408 and the trajectory of the filament bundle within the range of 5 to 15 millimeters. This distance is determined based on the following considerations: too large a distance would result in insufficient strength of the electrostatic field at the needle tip, failing to break down the air and induce a stable corona discharge; too small a distance would pose a risk of the needle being contacted or contaminated by the drifting filament bundle. At this optimized distance, when a polyester filament bundle carrying thousands of volts of static electricity travels at a speed of several thousand meters per minute, its strong electrostatic field is sufficient to create an extremely high local electric field strength at the grounded needle tip, causing collisional ionization of surrounding air molecules and continuously generating positive and negative ions. Simultaneously, the damping spring 4081 and the fixing bar 409 combined in the device absorb broadband vibrations from the airflow and equipment, ensuring that the precise needle spacing is maintained during long-term high-speed operation, thereby guaranteeing the continuity and stability of the corona discharge.

[0066] The static pressure detection tube 500 is located in the spinning area and is connected to the adjustment unit via signal. The damper adjustment unit can adjust the air supply status of the rectangular air chamber 406 in real time according to the dynamic parameters of the filament bundle detected by the static pressure detection tube 500.

[0067] Specifically: the pore size of the honeycomb guide plate is preferably 1–2 mm, and the opening ratio is controlled at 40%–60% to balance rectification effect and voltage drop; the fixed needle body 408 is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel, with a tip curvature radius ≤0.2 mm, ensuring reliable corona initiation under typical polyester electrostatic voltage (-3kV to -8kV); the stiffness of the damping spring 4081 has been experimentally calibrated to absorb airflow pulsations without hindering the needle body's response to the electrostatic field. From the above, it can be concluded that:

[0068] Through precise airflow control and electrostatic management structure, efficient synergy between cooling and electrostatic suppression is achieved. The guide fan 402 is fixedly installed on one side of the back of the spinning machine 100, continuously supplying cooling air to the pressure stabilizing box 401. After initial pressure equalization within the pressure stabilizing box 401, the airflow enters the fixed frame 403 area near one end of the rectangular air chamber 406. Here, the two rotating shafts are driven by micro motors 404, causing the two air dampers 405 to rotate synchronously or independently, precisely adjusting the airflow and speed entering the rectangular air chamber 406. The air chamber 406 is integrally embedded inside the side of the spinning machine 100. Inside, a honeycomb-shaped guide plate 407 and a grounded fixed needle body 408 are sequentially arranged. The surface of the honeycomb-shaped guide plate 407 is densely covered with regular hexagonal through-holes, rectifying turbulent airflow into uniform laminar flow. The fixed needle body 408 is rigidly connected to the inner wall of the air chamber via two fixing plates on both sides, and a buffer mechanism consisting of a damping spring 4081 and a fixing strip 409 is configured on each side to effectively suppress needle vibration caused by high-speed airflow, ensuring its positional stability and tip integrity during long-term operation. After being rectified by the honeycomb plate, the cooling airflow immediately flows through the needle body area. When a statically charged descending yarn approaches, its own high-voltage electric field induces air corona discharge at the grounded needle tip, generating positive and negative ions in situ. The airflow then carries these ions to form an ion-carrying cooling wind, which blows laterally across the yarn bundle. This completes rapid heat setting while simultaneously neutralizing the surface charge, significantly reducing yarn drift, yarn bundling, and dust adsorption.

[0069] To enhance the system's adaptability, a static pressure detection tube 500 is positioned near the spinning cooling zone to monitor local pressure fluctuations caused by the wiggle of the yarn in real time. The signal is then fed back to the damper adjustment unit, driving a micro motor 404 to dynamically adjust the opening of the damper 405, ensuring that the airflow status matches the yarn's operating conditions in real time. Furthermore, a slot is provided at the bottom of the rectangular air chamber 406 for the detachable installation of a dust collection box 4061. This box collects carbonized particles and dust generated by the needles due to corona discharge or environmental sedimentation, facilitating regular maintenance and ensuring airflow cleanliness.

[0070] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, a stabilizing cavity 300 is fixedly connected to the outside of one side of the spinning machine 100. A rectangular air chamber 406 is located inside the stabilizing cavity 300. A dustproof door 301 is connected to the front of the stabilizing cavity 300 via a hinge. A storage bin 302 is fixedly installed on the top inside the stabilizing cavity 300. A yarn nozzle 303 is connected through the output end of the storage bin 302, and a feeding pipe is connected through the input end. There are two static pressure detection tubes 500, located on both sides inside the stabilizing cavity 300.

[0071] From the above, we can conclude that:

[0072] By integrating the stabilizing chamber 300 with the core spinning components, a closed, clean, and airflow-controlled forming environment is created. The stabilizing chamber 300 is fixed to the outside of the spinning machine 100, and a storage bin 302 is set at the top inside to receive the polymer melt continuously conveyed by the feeding pipe. The melt is uniformly extruded into nascent fiber bundles through the filament nozzle 303 connected through the bottom. The rectangular air chamber 406 is built into the stabilizing chamber 300, allowing the cooling airflow to blow laterally onto the fiber bundle under conditions of complete isolation from external interference, significantly improving cooling uniformity and process repeatability. The front of the stabilizing chamber 300 is equipped with a hinged dustproof door 301. This design facilitates regular cleaning of internal dust or maintenance of the nozzles, maintaining a highly clean spinning environment. Crucially, two static pressure detection tubes 500 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cavity can detect in real time the slight deviation of the filament bundle caused by static electricity, tension, or airflow disturbance. The collected pressure difference signals are used to dynamically adjust the opening of the damper 405, achieving adaptive balance of cooling airflow on the left and right sides. This ensures that the multi-hole filament bundle is always at the center of airflow symmetry. Thus, this structure not only enhances the synergy between melt supply and cooling and shaping, but also significantly improves the forming consistency, operational stability, and anti-interference ability of parallel or multi-component polyester filaments through a dual-side pressure feedback mechanism.

[0073] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a fixed outer cylinder 200 and a drive motor 201 are fixedly installed on the top of the spinning machine 100. The output end of the drive motor 201 is splinedly connected to a screw 202, and the screw 202 is located inside the fixed outer cylinder 200. Two hoppers 203 are connected through the top of the fixed outer cylinder 200, and an outlet pipe 204 is connected through the output end, and the outlet pipe 204 is connected to the storage bin 302.

[0074] From the above, we can conclude that:

[0075] By integrating a fixed outer cylinder 200 and a dual hopper 203 feeding system at the top of the spinning machine 100, a highly efficient and stable melt conveying and distribution unit is constructed. The drive motor 201 precisely drives the screw 202 to rotate within the fixed outer cylinder 200 via a spline connection, ensuring reliable torque transmission and smooth operation. The two hoppers 203 respectively supply polymer chips or melts of different components to the feeding section of the screw 202, which is suitable for one-step multi-component composite spinning processes. During the rotation of the screw 202, the material is conveyed, melted, mixed, and homogenized. Finally, the two melts are fully fused or layered in the metering section of the screw 202 and continuously and stably injected into the storage bin 302 in the lower stable cavity 300 through the outlet pipe 204. This structure not only realizes the precise proportioning of the two-component melt and independent temperature-controlled feeding, but also effectively eliminates melt pressure fluctuations through the strong shearing and pressure stabilizing effect of the screw 202, ensuring the uniformity of subsequent spinning.

[0076] The second objective of this invention is to provide a one-step three-component production process for polyester filament, which includes the following steps:

[0077] S1. Raw material preparation and zoned transportation: In the polymerization unit, by precisely controlling the reaction parameters, high-viscosity PET melt with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.70-0.9 dl / g and low-viscosity PET melt with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.40-0.55 dl / g are prepared separately (to provide raw materials for direct spinning SPH of A / B component melts). At the same time, solid full-dull chips are reserved as component C.

[0078] A / B high and low viscosity PET melts are transported to the SPH melt direct spinning production line through a dedicated closed-loop pipeline and booster pump system. The inner wall of the pipeline is smooth and free of impurities, ensuring stable melt characteristics.

[0079] The C-component fully dull chips are transported to the fixed outer cylinder 200 double hopper 203 of the newly added spinning equipment 100 through an independent closed-loop pipeline and booster pump system. This process is consistent with the original process, achieving complete separation of the C-component and A / B components and avoiding interference with the raw material properties.

[0080] S2, Zoned Spinning: A / B melt direct spinning SPH+C components are spun independently by 100 units of equipment.

[0081] A / B component melt direct spinning SPH filament bundle: High and low viscosity PET melt is fed into the special spinning box of the SPH direct spinning production line. The temperature is precisely controlled and melt spinning is carried out according to the requirements of SPH spinning process. After cooling, stretching and shaping, A / B composite SPH nascent filament bundle is obtained and transported to the twisting station for later use by the guiding mechanism.

[0082] Component C is spun independently by the newly added equipment 100: The fully dull chips of component C are fed into the three spinning boxes A, B, and C of the newly added spinning equipment 100. Spinning box C (temperature controlled at 270-280℃, with the original process parameters unchanged) is a physically independent split structure equipped with an independent heating system. After being melted by the screw extruder of equipment 100, it is spun into a fully dull component C primary filament bundle through the conventional spinning components of the equipment.

[0083] The C-component filament bundle is formed in the stable cavity 300 of the equipment 100. Precise spinning is achieved by using the filament nozzle 303 of the equipment. The guide roller 101 and the wire harness guide assembly 102 guide the filament bundle to descend stably, providing a straight and stable filament bundle foundation for subsequent stranding.

[0084] S3. Pre-treatment and shaping of filament bundle before stranding: Precise shaping of C-component filament bundle: The core shaping of the nascent C-component filament bundle is completed within the newly added spinning equipment 100. The cooling air is stabilized and rectified by the equipment's pressure stabilizing box 401 and guide fan 402. The air volume is precisely controlled by the damper adjustment unit. The honeycomb guide plate 407 forms a uniform laminar flow. When the laminar flow passes through the grounded fixed needle body 408 area, it generates ion-carrying cooling airflow, which simultaneously completes the cooling shaping and static neutralization of the C-component filament bundle, completely avoiding the impact of static adhesion and displacement of the C-component filament bundle on the stranding accuracy.

[0085] Static pressure dynamic control: The dual static pressure detection tubes 500 of the equipment 100 collect the dynamic parameters of the C component filament bundle in real time, feed back the signal to the damper adjustment unit and dynamically adjust the air supply state, so that the cooling airflow and the swing of the C component filament bundle are adaptively matched, ensuring the linear density uniformity of the C component filament bundle, and laying the foundation for precise stranding with the SPH filament bundle.

[0086] A / B-SPH filament pretreatment: The A / B composite SPH filament is sent into a constant temperature and humidity pretreatment system (air temperature 20-24℃, relative humidity 80%-100%, consistent with the original process cooling parameters) to complete secondary curing, so that the hardness and elasticity of the filament are compatible with the C component filament, and to avoid the occurrence of strand breakage and filament scattering due to performance differences after stranding.

[0087] S4. Twisting and Two-Stage Composite Reinforcement: The pretreated A / B composite SPH filament bundle and the fully dull C component filament bundle after being shaped by the newly added equipment 100 are fed into the twisting mechanism. First, mechanical twisting is used to achieve initial twisting. Then, they are fed into the matching network device of the equipment. Under the action of the high-speed airflow of the network device, the two filament bundles are fully intertwined and bound together, completing the macroscopic physical composite and twisting reinforcement, forming a composite filament bundle with a tight structure and strong cohesion.

[0088] The twisted filament bundle can be guided again by the wire harness guide assembly 102 of the equipment 100 to ensure that the filament bundle is free from twisting and deviation, thus ensuring the quality of subsequent winding.

[0089] S5. Final heat setting and winding: The stranded and composite filament bundle is sent into a hot box for final heat setting treatment to eliminate the internal stress generated during stranding and entanglement, enhance the crimping elasticity and structural stability of the filament bundle, fully stimulate the three-dimensional crimping effect after the A / B-SPH filament bundle and the C component filament bundle are combined, and endow the finished filament with excellent CEY elasticity and full dullness characteristics.

[0090] After heat setting, the filament bundles are wound into shape using a high-speed winding machine (12-head or 32-head configuration) that is matched with equipment 100, to produce a finished product of fully dull CEY composite yarn composed of A / B-SPH and C components. The finished product can be directly used in subsequent weaving processes.

[0091] The working principle of the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0092] When in use, first, start the drive motor 201 to drive the screw 202 inside the fixed outer cylinder 200 to rotate. Two different polymer chips are added from the two hoppers 203 respectively. Under the conveying, shearing and heating action of the screw 202, they are melted, mixed and pushed forward, and finally continuously injected into the storage bin 302 at the top of the stable cavity 300 through the outlet pipe 204.

[0093] After the storage bin 302 stabilizes the pressure and homogenizes the temperature of the melt, it is stably supplied to the yarn nozzle 303 below. The melt is vertically extruded from the micro-hole of the nozzle to form multiple nascent composite fiber bundles, which run downwards at a uniform speed under the guidance of the guide roller 101 and the wire bundle guide assembly 102.

[0094] At the same time, the air guide fan 402 starts, drawing ambient air or air conditioning air into the pressure stabilizing box 401. After the airflow is initially stabilized in the box, it enters the rectangular air chamber 406 through the damper 405 adjustment unit. The opening of the damper 405 is automatically adjusted by the micro motor 404 according to the real-time working conditions to control the air volume and wind speed.

[0095] Specifically, the adaptive airflow regulation function of this device is based on a closed-loop negative feedback control system that uses the sway amplitude of the filament bundle as the control target and the opening of the damper 405 as the adjustment means. Its specific control logic is as follows: Two symmetrically arranged static pressure probes 500 monitor the pressure difference across the filament bundle in real time. This pressure difference is positively correlated with the lateral sway amplitude of the filament bundle. The control unit (such as a PLC or dedicated controller) continuously reads this pressure difference signal and compares it with a preset "pressure difference threshold" representing the ideal stable state of the filament bundle. When the measured pressure difference is greater than the threshold, it indicates that the filament bundle sway is too large, and the control unit proportionally increases the opening of the damper 405 to enhance cooling and "suppress" the airflow. When the pressure difference is less than or equal to the threshold, the opening of the damper 405 is maintained or decreased. This "monitoring-comparison-adjustment" process cycles dozens of times per second, thus forming a dynamic balance, ensuring that the intensity of the cooling airflow automatically tracks and suppresses the sway trend of the filament bundle, achieving true adaptive matching.

[0096] The cooling air is further evenly distributed in the rectangular air chamber 406, and then rectified into a uniform laminar flow by the honeycomb guide plate 407. This laminar flow is blown out horizontally and passes through the area of ​​the fixed needle body 408. At this time, the high-speed downward filament carries high voltage static electricity due to friction, and induces a strong electric field at the tip of the grounded fixed needle body 408, which triggers air corona discharge and generates positive and negative ions in situ. The cooling airflow then carries these ions to form an ion-carrying cooling wind, which acts laterally on the surface of the filament.

[0097] During this process, two static pressure detection tubes 500 located on both sides inside the stable cavity 300 continuously monitor the changes in airflow pressure around the filament bundle, and capture the filament bundle swaying caused by electrostatic repulsion, tension fluctuations or uneven airflow in real time. The detection signal is fed back to the damper adjustment unit, which drives the micro motor 404 to dynamically adjust the opening of the left and right dampers 405, so as to achieve adaptive balance of air supply on both sides and ensure that the filament bundle is always at the symmetrical center of the cooling airflow.

[0098] The fixed needle body 408, through the buffer structure composed of damping spring 4081 and fixing bar 409, effectively suppresses the vibration caused by airflow disturbance and maintains long-term operational stability; at the same time, the trace carbonized dust and environmental sedimentation particles generated near the needle body fall into the dust collection box 4061 at the bottom of the rectangular air chamber 406, which is convenient for regular cleaning.

[0099] The entire system completes the entire process from melt extrusion, cooling and shaping to static neutralization within a closed and stable cavity 300. Operators can maintain or observe the system through the front-hinged dustproof door 301. Finally, the polyester composite filament, which has been fully cooled and static electricity eliminated, is smoothly wound up, achieving continuous production with high uniformity, high cleanliness, and high stability.

[0100] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polyester filament spinning device, characterized in that, The device includes a spinning machine (100), which is equipped with a guide roller (101) and a wire harness guide assembly (102). An airflow regulating assembly (400) and a static pressure detection tube (500) are provided on one side of the spinning machine (100). The airflow regulating component (400) includes a pressure stabilizing box (401), a guide fan (402) disposed in the pressure stabilizing box (401), a rectangular air chamber (406) communicating with the pressure stabilizing box (401), and a damper regulating unit disposed between the pressure stabilizing box (401) and the rectangular air chamber (406). The air outlet of the rectangular air chamber (406) is provided with a honeycomb guide plate (407), and the air outlet area of ​​the honeycomb guide plate (407) is provided with multiple fixed needles (408), which are connected to the equipment grounding system. After the cooling air is regulated and rectified by the pressure stabilizing box (401), it flows through the damper adjustment unit into the rectangular air chamber (406) and forms a uniform laminar flow through the honeycomb guide plate (407). When the laminar flow passes through the area of ​​the fixed needle body (408), the needle tip corona discharge is excited by the electrostatic excitation of the filament bundle, and the ion-carrying cooling airflow is generated in situ and acts horizontally on the filament bundle, so as to simultaneously complete the cooling and shaping and electrostatic neutralization. The static pressure detection tube (500) collects the dynamic parameters of the filament bundle in real time and feeds back the adjustment signal to the damper adjustment unit to dynamically adjust the air supply state of the rectangular air chamber (406) so that the cooling airflow parameters are adaptively matched with the filament bundle oscillation state.

2. The polyester filament spinning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide fan (402) is fixedly installed on one side of the back of the spinning machine (100). The inside of the voltage stabilizer box (401) near the rectangular air chamber (406) is fixedly installed with a fixed frame (403). Two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the two sides inside the fixed frame (403).

3. The polyester filament spinning equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, A micro motor (404) is fixedly connected to the top of each of the two rotating shafts, and two dampers (405) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of each of the two rotating shafts. The two dampers (405) are used to adjust the wind speed.

4. The polyester filament spinning equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rectangular air chamber (406) is fixedly installed inside one side of the spinning machine (100). The honeycomb guide plate (407) and the fixed needle body (408) are both located inside the rectangular air chamber (406). The surface of the honeycomb guide plate (407) is provided with multiple honeycomb-shaped air outlets for uniform airflow.

5. The polyester filament spinning equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixing pin body (408) is fixedly connected to both sides of the fixing plate, and the fixing plate is connected to the inner wall of the rectangular air chamber (406). A damping spring (4081) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate, and a fixing strip (409) is fixedly connected to one end of the damping spring (4081).

6. The polyester filament spinning equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rectangular air chamber (406) has a slot at the bottom, and a dust collection box (4061) is attached to the rectangular air chamber (406) through the slot. The dust collection box (4061) is used to collect the dust that falls from the fixed needle body (408).

7. The polyester filament spinning equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The static pressure detection tube (500) is located in the spinning area and is connected to the adjustment unit via signal. The damper adjustment unit can adjust the air supply state of the rectangular air chamber (406) in real time according to the dynamic parameters of the filament bundle detected by the static pressure detection tube (500).

8. The polyester filament spinning equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, A stabilizing cavity (300) is fixedly connected to the outside of one side of the spinning machine (100). The rectangular air chamber (406) is located inside the stabilizing cavity (300). A dustproof door (301) is connected to the front of the stabilizing cavity (300) by a hinge. A storage bin (302) is fixedly installed on the top inside the stabilizing cavity (300). A yarn nozzle (303) is connected through the output end of the storage bin (302), and a feeding pipe is connected through the input end. There are two static pressure detection tubes (500), which are located on both sides inside the stabilizing cavity (300).

9. The polyester filament spinning equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The spinning machine (100) is fixedly installed with a fixed outer cylinder (200) and a drive motor (201) at the top. The output end of the drive motor (201) is splinedly connected to a screw (202), and the screw (202) is located inside the fixed outer cylinder (200). The top of the fixed outer cylinder (200) is connected to two hoppers (203), and the output end is connected to an outlet pipe (204), which is connected to the storage bin (302).

10. A one-step three-component production process for polyester filament, applicable to the polyester filament spinning equipment of claim 9, characterized in that, The process steps are as follows: S1. Raw material preparation and zoned transportation: In the polymerization unit, by precisely controlling the reaction parameters, high-viscosity PET melt with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.70-0.9 dl / g and low-viscosity PET melt with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.40-0.55 dl / g are prepared separately (to provide raw materials for direct spinning SPH of A / B component melts). At the same time, solid full-dull chips are reserved as component C. A / B high and low viscosity PET melts are transported to the SPH melt direct spinning production line through a dedicated closed-loop pipeline and booster pump system. The inner wall of the pipeline is smooth and free of impurities, ensuring stable melt characteristics. The C-component fully dull chips are transported through an independent closed-loop pipeline and booster pump system to the fixed outer cylinder (200) double hopper (203) of the newly added spinning equipment (100), consistent with the original process, to achieve complete partitioned transport of components A / B and avoid interference with raw material properties. S2, Zoned spinning: A / B melt direct spinning SPH+C components are spun independently by equipment (100). A / B component melt direct spinning SPH filament bundle: High and low viscosity PET melt is fed into the special spinning box of the SPH direct spinning production line. The temperature is precisely controlled and melt spinning is carried out according to the requirements of SPH spinning process. After cooling, stretching and shaping, A / B composite SPH nascent filament bundle is obtained and transported to the twisting station for later use by the guiding mechanism. Component C is spun independently by the newly added equipment (100): The fully dull chips of component C are fed into the three spinning boxes A, B and C of the newly added spinning equipment (100). Spinning box C (temperature controlled at 270-280℃, original process parameters remain unchanged) is a physically independent split structure equipped with an independent heating system. After being melted by the screw extruder of the equipment (100), it is spun into a fully dull component C primary filament bundle by the conventional spinning components of the equipment. The C-component filament bundle is formed in the stable cavity (300) of the equipment (100), and precise spinning is achieved by using the filament nozzle (303) of the equipment. The guide roller (101) and the wire harness guide assembly (102) guide the filament bundle to descend stably, providing a straight and stable filament bundle foundation for subsequent stranding. S3. Pre-treatment of filament bundle and shaping before stranding: Precise shaping of C-component filament bundle: The core shaping of the C-component nascent filament bundle is completed in the newly added spinning equipment (100). The cooling air is stabilized and rectified by the equipment's pressure stabilizing box (401) and guide fan (402). The air volume is precisely controlled by the damper adjustment unit. The honeycomb guide plate (407) forms a uniform laminar flow. When the laminar flow passes through the area of ​​the grounded fixed needle body (408), it generates ion-carrying cooling airflow. Simultaneously, the cooling shaping and static neutralization of the C-component filament bundle are completed, completely avoiding the impact of static adhesion and displacement on the stranding accuracy of the C-component filament bundle. Static pressure dynamic control: The dual static pressure detection tubes (500) of the equipment (100) collect the dynamic parameters of the C component filament bundle in real time, feed back the signal to the damper adjustment unit and dynamically adjust the air supply state, so that the cooling airflow and the swing of the C component filament bundle are adaptively matched, ensuring the uniformity of the linear density of the C component filament bundle, and laying the foundation for precise stranding with the SPH filament bundle. A / B-SPH filament pretreatment: The A / B composite SPH filament is sent into a constant temperature and humidity pretreatment system (air temperature 20-24℃, relative humidity 80%-100%, consistent with the original process cooling parameters) to complete secondary curing, so that the hardness and elasticity of the filament are compatible with the C component filament, and to avoid the occurrence of strand breakage and filament scattering due to performance differences after stranding. S4, Twisting and Two-stage Composite Reinforcement: The pretreated A / B composite SPH filament bundle and the fully dull C component filament bundle after being shaped by the new equipment (100) are fed into the twisting mechanism. First, the initial twisting is achieved by mechanical twisting, and then they are fed into the network device matched with the equipment. Under the action of the high-speed airflow of the network device, the two filament bundles are fully intertwined and bound together, completing the macroscopic physical composite and twisting reinforcement, forming a composite filament bundle with a tight structure and strong cohesion. The twisted filament bundle can be guided again by the wire bundle guide assembly (102) of the equipment (100) to ensure that the filament bundle is free from twisting and deviation, thus ensuring the quality of subsequent winding. S5. Final heat setting and winding: The stranded and composite filament bundle is sent into a hot box for final heat setting treatment to eliminate the internal stress generated during stranding and entanglement, enhance the crimping elasticity and structural stability of the filament bundle, fully stimulate the three-dimensional crimping effect after the A / B-SPH filament bundle and the C component filament bundle are combined, and endow the finished filament with excellent CEY elasticity and full dullness characteristics. After heat setting, the filament bundles are wound into shape using a high-speed winding machine (12-head or 32-head configuration) matched with equipment (100) to produce a finished product of fully dull CEY composite yarn composed of A / B-SPH and C components. The finished product can be directly used in subsequent weaving processes.

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