Tunnel broken zone stratum grouting device and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering grouting construction, and discloses a tunnel broken zone stratum grouting device and method, wherein the grouting device comprises a conveying pipeline, the end of the conveying pipeline is integrally formed with a protruding part, a protection mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protruding part, a cleaning mechanism is fixedly connected to the end surface of the protruding part, the protection mechanism comprises a positioning ring, an electromagnetic exciting coil is arranged in the hollow protection sleeve, electromagnetic energy of an alternating magnetic field is converted into mechanical vibration energy, the hollow protection sleeve and the scraping knife ring are driven to vibrate at a high frequency, the high-frequency vibration causes fatigue cracks of the solidified matters at a micro level, the high-frequency micro motion of the scraping knife ring causes fatigue fracture of the agglomerates, and the agglomerates fall off from the pipe opening under the physical peeling action, so that the solidified matters at the pipe opening are automatically removed without manual intervention, the core components are protected from medium erosion, and automatic peeling of the solidified matters at the pipe opening is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grouting construction technology for tunnels and underground engineering, and specifically relates to a grouting device and method for fractured strata in tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel and underground engineering construction, when crossing fault fracture zones, water-rich soft surrounding rock and other strata, grouting technology is the core means to control groundwater leakage, reinforce loose rock mass and ensure construction safety. Its principle is to inject grout into rock fissures under high pressure, and form a continuous reinforcement curtain after cementation and solidification, so as to realize the overall restoration of surrounding rock and improve its seepage prevention capacity.

[0003] However, in the actual grouting process, due to the poor integrity of the rock mass in the fractured zone, a large amount of rock powder is often scattered around the grouting pipe opening. During the intervals or when the grouting operation is stopped, the grout remaining at the end of the delivery pipeline (usually cement grout, water glass or chemical grout) is very easy to mix with the rock powder at the pipe opening. As the grout is exposed to the air or undergoes a physical and chemical reaction with the rock powder, it will quickly lose its fluidity and dry and solidify, forming a hard mixed block. Once this block accumulates at the pipe opening, it will directly block the grout outlet, hinder the normal injection of subsequent grout, and lead to abnormal grouting pressure or even grouting failure, which seriously reduces the continuity of grouting operations and construction efficiency.

[0004] Secondly, regarding the cleaning of condensate at the pipe opening, traditional techniques mainly rely on manual operation. Construction workers need to use hand tools to knock or scrape the pipe opening during grouting intervals. This method of operation is not only labor-intensive, but also poses a great safety hazard to personnel in close contact with the grouting pipe opening in the environment of the tunnel fracture zone where there is a potential risk of collapse. In addition, manual cleaning is difficult to guarantee in real time, and it is often dealt with only after the blockage is severe, which cannot fundamentally prevent the occurrence of blockage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a grouting device and method for tunnel fractured zone strata, solving the technical problems of easy solidification and blockage at the grouting pipe opening in tunnel fractured zone and high safety risks of manual cleaning in related technologies.

[0006] This invention provides a grouting device for fractured strata in tunnels, including a conveying pipe. A protrusion is integrally formed at the end of the conveying pipe. A protective mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protrusion, and a cleaning mechanism is fixedly connected to the end face of the protrusion. The protective mechanism includes a positioning ring fitted onto the outer wall of the protrusion. A hollow protective sleeve is integrally formed on one side of the positioning ring and coaxially fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the port of the conveying pipe. A cavity is formed in the inner wall of the positioning ring, and an electromagnetic excitation coil is arranged inside the cavity in a ring. The cleaning mechanism includes a scraper ring. A bent portion is provided at one end of the scraper ring, which is radially arranged. An extension portion is integrally formed at the end of the bent portion and fitted onto the end of a partition plate. The end of the scraper ring elastically fits against the end face of the conveying pipe. The electromagnetic excitation coil generates an alternating magnetic field, driving the hollow protective sleeve to produce high-frequency micro-amplitude vibrations in the radial and axial directions. The hollow protective sleeve drives the scraper ring to vibrate synchronously through the extension portion.

[0007] Preferably, a spring is fixedly connected to the side of the bent part facing the conveying pipe, and a knife holder is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring. The knife holder is fixedly connected to the protrusion by bolts, and a gap is left between the knife holder and the scraping blade ring.

[0008] Preferably, a protective plate is rotatably connected to the edge of the positioning ring by a torsion spring, and a partition plate is integrally formed on one side of the positioning ring. The partition plate is located between the protective plate and the hollow protective sleeve, and a guide groove is formed on the surface of the partition plate along the axial direction of the conveying pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, a support mechanism is connected between the partition plate and the protective plate. The support mechanism includes a first threaded rod, one end of which is rotatably connected to the partition plate. A limit plate is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded rod, and the limit plate is located between the protective plate and the partition plate.

[0010] Preferably, a guide rod is radially provided at the edge of the partition plate, the guide rod is slidably connected to the edge of the limiting plate, and a mating groove is provided at the junction of the limiting plate and the guide rod.

[0011] Preferably, the protective plate has a strip-shaped hole, the first threaded rod is located inside the strip-shaped hole, and both the guide rod and the first threaded rod pass through the strip-shaped hole.

[0012] Preferably, the conveying pipeline has airflow channels on its body, with multiple airflow channels spaced at equal intervals, and the airflow channels are inclined toward the port of the conveying pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, an adjustment mechanism is connected between the bent portion and the positioning ring. The adjustment mechanism includes a second threaded rod that passes through the bent portion. One end of the bent portion is integrally formed with a limiting end, and one end of the limiting end abuts against the outer wall of the bent portion.

[0014] Preferably, an extension plate is provided on the inner wall of the protective plate, one end of which is threadedly connected to the extension plate, and a receiving groove is provided on the side of the extension plate facing the conveying pipe, with the spring located inside the receiving groove.

[0015] A tunnel grouting method includes the following steps: Step 1: Enter the crushing belt. According to the shape of the crushing belt, rotate the first threaded rod corresponding to the protective plate in different directions. Adjust the angle of the protective plate through the limiting plate. Then insert the protective mechanism into the crushing belt so that the protective plate contacts the crushing belt. Step 2: Start grouting and vibration. Turn on the grouting pump to drive the grout to flow along the delivery pipeline. At the same time, start the electromagnetic vibration coil to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, which drives the positioning ring and scraper ring to generate high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration in the radial or axial direction. Step 3: Dynamic scraping and cleaning. Using the pre-tightening force provided by the spring, the scraper ring is made to fit tightly against the end face of the conveying pipe. Through the high-frequency vibration and micro-movement of the scraper ring, the solidified clumps generated at the edge of the conveying pipe opening are destroyed and peeled off to prevent the slurry from accumulating and solidifying. Step 4: Pulse airflow to clear blockages. During the grouting interval or grouting process, turn on the external air source. High-pressure gas is extended through the airflow channel to the pipe opening of the delivery pipeline and sprayed to blow away the residual grout particles and rock powder at the pipe opening. Step 5: Pressure compensation adjustment. When insufficient contact pressure is detected due to wear of the scraper ring, rotate the second threaded rod of the adjustment mechanism to increase the initial compression of the spring, so as to restore the constant contact pressure of the scraper ring on the end face of the conveying pipeline.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses an electromagnetic excitation coil installed inside a hollow protective sleeve to convert the electromagnetic energy of an alternating magnetic field into mechanical vibration energy, which drives the hollow protective sleeve and the scraper ring to vibrate at high frequency. The high-frequency vibration causes fatigue cracks to form in the solidified material at the microscopic level, and the high-frequency micro-motion of the scraper ring causes the agglomerate to undergo fatigue fracture and fall off from the pipe opening under physical peeling action. Thus, without relying on manual intervention, the solidified material at the pipe opening is automatically removed and the core components are protected from media corrosion, realizing the automatic peeling of solidified material at the pipe opening.

[0017] 2. This invention uses a sealed cavity to fully enclose the electromagnetic excitation coil, combined with epoxy resin or double O-ring sealing, to completely block the erosion of slurry, rock powder and groundwater, and solve the problem of easy failure of key electrical components under harsh working conditions. By setting up protective plates and partition plates, the hollow protective sleeve is prevented from directly rubbing against the fractured strata at high frequency, reducing the risk of wear and breakage, and improving the structural life and operational stability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the end planar structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protection mechanism and cleaning mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the protection mechanism and the cleaning mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hollow protective sleeve and scraper ring of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is the invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of section B.

[0024] Figure 7 This is the invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of part A.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal planar structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Conveying pipe; 2. Protection mechanism; 21. Positioning ring; 22. Divider plate; 23. Protection plate; 24. Hollow protective sleeve; 25. Cavity; 26. Guide channel; 27. Support mechanism; 271. First threaded rod; 272. Limiting plate; 273. Guide rod; 274. Connecting groove; 28. Strip hole; 3. Cleaning mechanism; 31. Scraper ring; 32. Bending part; 33. Extension part; 34. Adjustment mechanism; 341. Second threaded rod; 342. Extension plate; 343. Limiting end; 344. Receiving groove; 35. Tool holder; 36. Spring; 37. Gap; 4. Protrusion; 5. Airflow channel. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0029] Example 1 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, a grouting device for fractured strata in a tunnel includes a conveying pipe 1. A protrusion 4 is integrally formed at the end of the conveying pipe 1. A protective mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protrusion 4. A cleaning mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the end face of the protrusion 4. The protective mechanism 2 includes a positioning ring 21, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the protrusion 4. A hollow protective sleeve 24 is integrally formed on one side of the positioning ring 21 and is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the port of the conveying pipe 1. A cavity 25 is formed in the inner wall of the positioning ring 21, and an electromagnetic excitation coil is arranged in a ring within the cavity 25. The cleaning mechanism 3 includes... The scraper ring 31 has a bent portion 32 at one end, which is radially arranged. An extension portion 33 is integrally formed at the end of the bent portion 32. The extension portion 33 is sleeved on the end of the partition plate 22. The end of the scraper ring 31 is elastically fitted with the end face of the conveying pipe 1. The electromagnetic excitation coil drives the positioning ring 21 by generating an alternating magnetic field, causing the positioning ring 21 to generate high-frequency micro-amplitude vibrations in the radial and axial directions. The positioning ring 21 drives the scraper ring 31 to vibrate synchronously through the extension portion 33. An airflow channel 5 is opened on the pipe body of the conveying pipe 1. Multiple airflow channels 5 are equally spaced and are inclined towards the port of the conveying pipe 1.

[0030] It should be noted that the hollow protective sleeve 24 is fixed to the outer wall of the port of the conveying pipe 1, forming a coaxial connection structure. The cavity 25 of the inner wall of the hollow protective sleeve 24 is a sealed isolation cavity used to accommodate the electromagnetic excitation coil. The electromagnetic excitation coil is arranged in a ring and embedded in the sealed isolation cavity. The alternating magnetic field generated by it acts on the cylinder wall of the hollow protective sleeve 24, driving the cylinder wall of the hollow protective sleeve 24 to generate high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration in the radial or axial direction. The scraper ring 31 is sleeved on the outside of the hollow protective sleeve 24 through the bending part 32 and the extension part 33. In use, the grouting pump drives the grout to flow along the conveying pipe 1 to the pipe opening. At the same time, the electromagnetic excitation coil is energized to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field. This magnetic field acts on the cylinder wall of the hollow protective sleeve 24, causing it to generate high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration. Since the scraper ring 31 is sleeved on the outside of the hollow protective sleeve 24 and in contact with its outer wall, the vibration energy is transmitted through the hollow protective sleeve. 24 is directly transmitted to the scraper ring 31, which drives the scraper ring 31 to perform high-frequency reciprocating scraping motion relative to the end face of the conveying pipe 1. When there are solidified lumps at the edge of the pipe opening, the high-frequency micro-motion of the scraper ring 31 causes the lumps to undergo fatigue fracture and fall off from the pipe opening under physical peeling action. The scraper ring 31 can move along the hollow protective sleeve 24 while vibrating synchronously with the hollow protective sleeve 24. The working surface of the scraper ring 31 maintains elastic contact with the end face of the conveying pipe 1. The working surface of the scraper ring 31 is coated with a hard alloy coating to improve its wear resistance in the rock powder abrasion environment. The airflow channel 5 is opened inside the conveying pipe 1. Its inlet is connected to the external air source, and its outlet extends to the pipe opening of the conveying pipe 1 to form a high-pressure gas injection path. The high-pressure gas is sprayed into the inside of the pipe opening and the gaps of the lumps to carry away the residual slurry particles and rock powder and prevent them from drying and solidifying at the pipe opening.

[0031] Tunnel construction environments are typically characterized by high humidity, high dust levels, and corrosive media. Electromagnetic excitation coils are highly susceptible to slurry penetration and rock powder erosion, leading to decreased insulation performance, coil short circuits, or jamming of moving parts, resulting in equipment failure. The cavity 25 is filled with an epoxy resin insulation layer between its inner wall and the electromagnetic excitation coil, or sealed with double O-rings to ensure that slurry cannot penetrate into the coil. The cavity 25 completely encloses the electromagnetic excitation coil, effectively blocking the erosion of the coil by slurry and rock powder, and solving the problem of failure of key electrical components under harsh working conditions.

[0032] Example 2 like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, a spring 36 is fixedly connected to the side of the bending part 32 facing the conveying pipe 1, and a knife holder 35 is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring 36. The knife holder 35 is fixedly connected to the protrusion 4 by bolts. A gap 37 is left between the knife holder 35 and the scraper ring 31. An adjustment mechanism 34 is connected between the bending part 32 and the positioning ring 21. The adjustment mechanism 34 includes a second threaded rod 341, which passes through the bending part 32. The second threaded rod 341 extends out and a limit end 343 is integrally formed at one end of the bending part 32. One end of the limit end 343 abuts against the outer wall of the bending part 32. An extension plate 342 is provided on the inner wall of the protective plate 23. One end of the second threaded rod 341 is threadedly connected to the extension plate 342. A receiving groove 344 is opened on the side of the extension plate 342 facing the conveying pipe 1, and the spring 36 is located inside the receiving groove 344.

[0033] It should be noted that the bending part 32 is connected to the cutter holder 35 via a spring 36. The cutter holder 35 is fixedly installed on the end face of the conveying pipe 1 by bolts, so that the scraper ring 31 is located in the axial extension direction of the hollow protective sleeve 24. The spring 36 is compressed and installed along the axial direction of the conveying pipe 1, with one end connected to the bending part 32 and the other end connected to the cutter holder 35, leaving enough space for the position adjustment of the scraper ring 31. Under the pull of the spring 36, the scraper ring 31 can fit tightly against the end face of the conveying pipe 1 to transmit vibration energy. In order to compensate for the decrease in stiffness of the spring 36 due to long-term use, a device for adjusting the pressure of the spring 36 is provided between the bending part 32 and the hollow protective sleeve 24. The compression adjustment mechanism 34 rotates the second threaded rod 341, and through the threaded engagement between the extension plate 342 and the second threaded rod 341, the second threaded rod 341 moves axially along the conveying pipe 1. During this process, the limiting end 343 pushes the bending part 32, thereby changing the initial compression of the spring 36, thus restoring the constant contact pressure of the scraper ring 31 on the pipe end face. Furthermore, the threaded connection between the second threaded rod 341 and the extension plate 342 can also prevent the scraper ring 31 from flying out axially due to high-frequency vibration. The detachable tool holder 35 and scraper ring 31 can quickly replace the corresponding parts when wear occurs, ensuring the continuous operation capability of the device under complex geological conditions.

[0034] Example 3 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, when the electromagnetic excitation coil drives the hollow protective sleeve 24 to generate high-frequency micro-amplitude vibrations in the radial and axial directions, the hollow protective sleeve 24, which has no external protective structure, will generate high-frequency friction with the surrounding fractured strata. After a long period of friction, the surface of the hollow protective sleeve 24 will be severely damaged, which will affect the structural strength of the hollow protective sleeve 24. With the structural strength of the hollow protective sleeve 24 reduced, it is easy to break during subsequent transmission. In order to protect the hollow protective sleeve 24, this application further provides the following technical solution.

[0035] A protective plate 23 is rotatably connected to the edge of the positioning ring 21 via a torsion spring. A partition plate 22 is integrally formed on one side of the positioning ring 21. The partition plate 22 is located between the protective plate 23 and the hollow protective sleeve 24. A guide groove 26 is formed on the surface of the partition plate 22 along the axial direction of the conveying pipe 1. A support mechanism 27 is connected between the partition plate 22 and the protective plate 23. The support mechanism 27 includes a first threaded rod 271. One end of the first threaded rod 271 is rotatably connected to the partition plate 22. A limiting plate 272 is threadedly connected to the outer wall. The limiting plate 272 is located between the protective plate 23 and the partition plate 22. A guide rod 273 is radially arranged at the edge of the partition plate 22. The guide rod 273 is slidably connected to the edge of the limiting plate 272. A mating groove 274 is provided at the junction of the limiting plate 272 and the guide rod 273. A strip hole 28 is provided on the plate body of the protective plate 23. A first threaded rod 271 is located inside the strip hole 28. Both the guide rod 273 and the first threaded rod 271 pass through the strip hole 28.

[0036] It should be noted that the guide channel 26 is used to guide the external liquid away from the vibration center area. The protective plate 23, which is set at the edge of the positioning ring 21, directly contacts the fractured stratum during grouting. Furthermore, a partition plate 22 is provided between the protective plate 23 and the hollow protective sleeve 24. Even if the protective plate 23 is damaged, the partition plate 22 can still protect the hollow protective sleeve 24. The angle of the protective plate 23 is determined by the support mechanism 27, and the position of the support mechanism 27 is determined by the partition plate 22. Since the position of the partition plate 22 is fixed, it can stably support the protective plate 23. By adjusting the angle of the protective plate 23, it can be allowed to enter fractured zones of different sizes. When adjusting the angle of the protective plate 23, the rotation... The first threaded rod 271 drives the limiting plate 272 through the thread. Since the limiting plate 272 is located between the protective plate 23 and the partition plate 22, when the limiting plate 272 moves along the guide rod 273, it will push the protective plate 23. Each protective plate 23 corresponds to a support mechanism 27, thereby ensuring that the protective plate 23 can adapt to the crushing belt of different shapes. During the rotation of the protective plate 23, the strip hole 28 on its plate body provides sufficient space for the first threaded rod 271 to prevent the guide rod 273 and the first threaded rod 271 from interfering with the rotation of the protective plate 23. Furthermore, during the movement of the limiting plate 272, the cooperation between the guide rod 273 and the docking groove 274 can prevent the limiting plate 272 from rotating synchronously with the first threaded rod 271.

[0037] Example 4 like Figure 9 As shown, a tunnel grouting method includes the following steps: Step 1: Enter the crushing belt. According to the shape of the crushing belt, rotate the first threaded rod 271 corresponding to the protective plate in different directions. Adjust the angle of the protective plate 23 through the limiting plate 272. Then insert the protective mechanism 2 into the crushing belt so that the protective plate 23 contacts the crushing belt.

[0038] Step 2: Start grouting and vibration. Turn on the grouting pump to drive the grout to flow along the conveying pipeline 1. At the same time, start the electromagnetic vibration coil to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, which drives the positioning ring 21 and the scraper ring 31 to generate radial or axial high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration.

[0039] Step 3: Dynamic scraping and cleaning. Using the pre-tightening force provided by spring 36, the scraper ring 31 is tightly attached to the end face of the conveying pipe 1. Through the high-frequency vibration and micro-movement of the scraper ring 31, the solidified clumps generated at the edge of the conveying pipe 1 are destroyed and peeled off, preventing the slurry from accumulating and solidifying.

[0040] Step 4: Pulse airflow to clear blockages. During the grouting interval or grouting process, turn on the external air source. High-pressure gas is extended through the airflow channel 5 to the opening of the conveying pipe 1 and sprayed to blow away the residual grout particles and rock powder at the opening of the conveying pipe 1.

[0041] Step 5: Pressure compensation adjustment. When insufficient contact pressure is detected due to wear of the scraper ring 31, the second threaded rod 341 of the adjustment mechanism 34 is rotated to increase the initial compression of the spring 36, so as to restore the constant contact pressure of the scraper ring 31 on the end face of the conveying pipe 1.

[0042] Working principle of the invention: The grouting device is inserted into the pre-set grouting borehole in the fractured zone of the tunnel. First, the opening angle of the protective plate 23 is changed by adjusting the support mechanism 27, so that the outer side of the protective plate 23 is tightly attached to the borehole wall and the surface of the fractured surrounding rock, forming a stable external support. At this time, the partition plate 22 and the protective plate 23 together form a double-layer protective structure, which completely isolates the hollow protective sleeve 24 from the borehole wall soil and loose rock blocks, avoiding direct contact and high-frequency friction between the hollow protective sleeve 24 and the fractured strata during the grouting process, which can cause surface wear, scratches or even structural fractures, and significantly improves the service life and operational stability of the core vibration components.

[0043] After the device is in place, the grouting pump is started. Cement slurry, water glass or composite grouting slurry is continuously transported to the pipe end under pressure along the conveying pipeline 1, ready to be injected into the voids of the fractured strata. At the same time, the electromagnetic excitation coil in the cavity 25 inside the positioning ring 21 is synchronously energized. After the alternating current is passed in, a high-frequency alternating magnetic field is generated. Under the action of the alternating magnetic field, the hollow protective sleeve 24 and the positioning ring 21 generate radial and axial composite high-frequency micro-amplitude vibrations. This vibration has a high frequency and small amplitude, which can effectively break up slurry agglomerates without causing impact damage to the overall structure of the device and the grouting pipeline.

[0044] Vibrational energy is rapidly transmitted through the outer wall of the hollow protective sleeve 24 to the extension 33 and bending part 32 of the cleaning mechanism 3, thereby driving the scraper ring 31 to perform high-frequency reciprocating scraping motion synchronously. Under the continuous pre-tightening action of the spring 36, the end face of the scraper ring 31 always maintains an elastic pressing state with the end face of the conveying pipe 1. When the residual slurry at the edge of the pipe mouth mixes and solidifies with rock powder to form a hard block, the high-frequency micro-movement of the scraper ring 31 will cause fatigue cracks to be rapidly generated inside the block. The cracks continue to expand until the whole block breaks. Under the combined action of scraping and vibration, the block is physically peeled off and automatically falls off, thus keeping the pipe mouth unobstructed throughout the grouting process and avoiding abnormal grouting pressure, flow rate reduction or pipe blockage caused by block accumulation.

[0045] During or between grouting operations, an external high-pressure air source is activated. High-pressure gas is directed towards the pipe opening via an inclined airflow channel 5 inside the conveying pipeline 1, forming a continuous or pulsed airflow. The airflow can quickly blow away residual grout particles, rock powder, and freshly scraped fragments from the pipe opening area. At the same time, the guide groove 26 on the surface of the partition plate 22 guides the seepage water, grout, and rock powder in the hole, causing them to deviate from the vibration core area of ​​the hollow protective sleeve 24 and the scraper ring 31, further reducing the probability of secondary coagulation and blockage.

[0046] Under the stable conditions of electromagnetic vibration self-cleaning, high-pressure airflow-assisted chip removal, double-layer sleeve protection, and constant pressure bonding of scraper ring 31, the grout is continuously and smoothly injected into the fractured zone strata fissures and voids, gradually compacting the loose rock mass, sealing the seepage channels, and finally completing the strata reinforcement and water plugging operation.

[0047] After prolonged use, the spring 36 will experience elastic fatigue and stiffness reduction, resulting in a decrease in the clamping force of the scraper ring 31 on the pipe end face and a weakening of the unblocking effect. At this time, the second threaded rod 341 of the adjusting mechanism 34 can be rotated, and the threaded engagement between the second threaded rod 341 and the extension plate 342 can be used to push the limiting end 343 and the bent part 32 to move axially, finely adjusting the initial compression of the spring 36 and quickly restoring the constant clamping force of the scraper ring 31 on the pipe end face. When the hard alloy coating on the surface of the scraper ring 31 is severely worn and the scraping efficiency decreases, the scraper ring 31 assembly can be replaced directly without disassembling the conveying pipeline 1, the protection mechanism 2 and the entire grouting pipeline. This simplifies maintenance, reduces downtime, and significantly improves on-site construction efficiency.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grouting device for fractured strata in tunnels, comprising a conveying pipeline (1), characterized in that: The end of the conveying pipe (1) is integrally formed with a protrusion (4), a protective mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protrusion (4), and a cleaning mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the end face of the protrusion (4). The protection mechanism (2) includes a positioning ring (21), which is sleeved on the outer wall of the protrusion (4). A partition plate (22) is integrally formed on one side of the positioning ring (21), and a hollow protective sleeve (24) is integrally formed on one side of the positioning ring (21). The hollow protective sleeve (24) is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the port of the conveying pipe (1). A cavity (25) is opened in the inner wall of the positioning ring (21). An electromagnetic excitation coil is set inside the cavity (25). The electromagnetic excitation coil is arranged in a ring and embedded in the cavity (25). The cleaning mechanism (3) includes a scraper ring (31), one end of which is provided with a bent part (32), which is radially arranged. The end of the bent part (32) is integrally formed with an extension part (33), which is sleeved on the end of the partition plate (22). The end of the scraper ring (31) is elastically fitted with the end face of the conveying pipe (1). The electromagnetic excitation coil drives the hollow protective sleeve (24) by generating an alternating magnetic field, causing the hollow protective sleeve (24) to generate high-frequency micro-amplitude vibrations in the radial and axial directions. The hollow protective sleeve (24) drives the scraper ring (31) to vibrate synchronously through the extension part (33).

2. The grouting device for fractured strata in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spring (36) is fixedly connected to the side of the bent part (32) facing the conveying pipe (1), and a knife holder (35) is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring (36). The knife holder (35) is fixedly connected to the protrusion (4) by bolts, and a gap (37) is left between the knife holder (35) and the scraper ring (31).

3. A grouting device for fractured strata in tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The edge of the positioning ring (21) is rotatably connected to the protective plate (23) by a torsion spring. The partition plate (22) is located between the protective plate (23) and the hollow protective sleeve (24). The surface of the partition plate (22) is provided with a guide groove (26) along the axial direction of the conveying pipe (1).

4. A grouting device for fractured strata in tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, A support mechanism (27) is connected between the partition plate (22) and the protection plate (23). The support mechanism (27) includes a first threaded rod (271). One end of the first threaded rod (271) is rotatably connected to the partition plate (22). A limit plate (272) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded rod (271). The limit plate (272) is located between the protection plate (23) and the partition plate (22).

5. A grouting device for fractured strata in tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, A guide rod (273) is radially provided at the edge of the partition plate (22). The guide rod (273) is slidably connected to the edge of the limiting plate (272). A mating groove (274) is provided at the junction of the limiting plate (272) and the guide rod (273).

6. A grouting device for fractured strata in tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The protective plate (23) has a strip hole (28) on its body. The first threaded rod (271) is located inside the strip hole (28). The guide rod (273) and the first threaded rod (271) both pass through the strip hole (28).

7. A grouting device for fractured strata in tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conveying pipe (1) has an airflow channel (5) on its body. Multiple airflow channels (5) are arranged at equal intervals and are inclined toward the port of the conveying pipe (1).

8. A grouting device for fractured strata in tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that, An adjustment mechanism (34) is connected between the bent portion (32) and the positioning ring (21). The adjustment mechanism (34) includes a second threaded rod (341), which passes through the bent portion (32). The second threaded rod (341) extends out and a limit end (343) is integrally formed at one end of the bent portion (32). One end of the limit end (343) abuts against the outer wall of the bent portion (32).

9. A grouting device for fractured strata in tunnels according to claim 8, characterized in that, An extension plate (342) is provided on the inner wall of the protective plate (23). One end of the extension plate (342) is threadedly connected to the extension plate (342). A receiving groove (344) is opened on the side of the extension plate (342) facing the conveying pipe (1). The spring (36) is located inside the receiving groove (344).

10. A tunnel grouting method, using the tunnel fracture zone grouting device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Enter the crushing belt. According to the shape of the crushing belt, rotate the first threaded rod (271) corresponding to the protective plate (23) in different directions. Adjust the angle of the protective plate (23) through the limiting plate (272). Then insert the protective mechanism (2) into the crushing belt so that the protective plate (23) contacts the crushing belt. Step 2: Start grouting and vibration. Turn on the grouting pump to drive the grout to flow along the conveying pipeline (1). At the same time, start the electromagnetic vibration coil to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, which drives the positioning ring (21) and the scraper ring (31) to generate radial or axial high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration. Step 3: Dynamic scraping and cleaning. Using the pre-tightening force provided by the spring (36), the scraper ring (31) is tightly attached to the end face of the pipe opening of the conveying pipe (1). Through the high-frequency vibration and micro-movement of the scraper ring (31), the solidified lumps generated at the edge of the pipe opening of the conveying pipe (1) are destroyed and peeled off to prevent the slurry from accumulating and solidifying. Step 4: Pulse airflow to clear blockages. During the grouting interval or grouting process, turn on the external air source and spray high-pressure gas through the airflow channel (5) to the pipe opening of the conveying pipe (1) to blow away the grout particles and rock powder remaining at the pipe opening of the conveying pipe (1). Step 5: Pressure compensation adjustment. When insufficient contact pressure is detected due to wear of the scraper ring (31), rotate the second threaded rod (341) of the adjustment mechanism (34) to increase the initial compression of the spring (36) to restore the constant contact pressure of the scraper ring (31) on the end face of the conveying pipe (1).

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