Method for accounting and certifying emission intensity of marine fuel in whole life cycle and related device

Abstract

The application discloses a marine fuel full life cycle emission intensity accounting and certification method and related device, relates to the technical field of carbon intensity accounting and certification, and comprises the following steps: in the accounting, based on the accounting data, the first GHG emission intensity of the whole process from the raw material acquisition to the marine fuel on-board filling, the second GHG emission intensity of the marine fuel combustion process and the total GHG emission intensity of the marine fuel full life cycle are calculated. In the certification, the quality of the accounting data is inspected, the score of the accounting data in each dimension is determined, the comprehensive score of the accounting data is calculated, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity and the total GHG emission intensity are corrected, the carbon intensity evaluation report and the carbon intensity certification certificate are generated, and are uploaded to the block chain. The application provides a method for realizing the full life cycle emission intensity accounting and certification of marine fuel under a unified, transparent and checkable technical framework.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of carbon intensity calculation and certification technology, and in particular to a method and related apparatus for calculating and certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, to address global climate change, the shipping industry has been accelerating its efforts to achieve net-zero emissions. To support the formulation and implementation of relevant emission reduction pathways, there is an urgent need to establish a scientific, unified, and standardized method for calculating greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensity, enabling quantitative assessment and comparable analysis of marine fuel emissions. Compared to previous methods that focused solely on emissions during the combustion phase, current approaches are gradually incorporating life cycle assessment (WWA) concepts, including the entire process of marine fuel production—from raw material acquisition, fuel production, transportation and distribution, onboard bunkering, to combustion—within the accounting boundary, forming a comprehensive "Well-to-Wake" (WtW) emission accounting framework. However, these methods still lack unified standards in areas such as boundary definition, data source consistency, and result verifiability, making it difficult to support fair comparisons and reliable assessments between different fuel pathways. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a unified, transparent, and verifiable method for calculating and certifying the full life cycle emission intensity of marine fuels to improve the accuracy, comparability, and traceability of emission intensity assessments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and related apparatus for calculating and certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels, which can realize the calculation and certification of the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels under a unified, transparent and verifiable framework.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels, the method comprising: Obtain accounting data; the accounting data includes activity data from the entire process from raw material acquisition to marine fuel loading and bunkering, lower heating value, emission factor, fuel loss factor, emission conversion factor, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factor and emission credit; Based on activity data, lower heating value and emission factor of the entire process from raw material acquisition to marine fuel loading and bunkering, the first GHG emission intensity of the entire process from raw material acquisition to marine fuel loading and bunkering is calculated. The second GHG emission intensity of marine fuel combustion process is calculated based on lower heating value, fuel loss factor, emission conversion factor, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factor and emission credit. Based on the first GHG emission intensity and the second GHG emission intensity, the total GHG emission intensity of marine fuel throughout its entire life cycle is calculated.

[0006] Secondly, this application provides a method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuel, the method comprising: Using the above-mentioned method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity are calculated. The data used for accounting is subjected to quality inspection to determine the score of the data for each dimension. Based on the scores of the data for each dimension, a comprehensive score of the data for accounting is calculated. Based on the scores of the data for each dimension and the comprehensive score of the data for accounting, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity are corrected to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity. The dimensions include timeliness, regional applicability, technical representativeness, data source reliability, and verification completeness. Based on the accounting data, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, the total GHG emission intensity, the scores of the accounting data in each dimension, the comprehensive score of the accounting data, the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity, a carbon intensity assessment report is generated, and the carbon intensity assessment report is certified to obtain a carbon intensity certification certificate. Both the carbon intensity assessment report and the carbon intensity certification certificate are uploaded to the blockchain.

[0007] Thirdly, this application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuel or the above-described method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuel.

[0008] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels or the above-described method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels.

[0009] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects.

[0010] This application provides a method and related apparatus for calculating and certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuel. During calculation, calculation data is acquired, including activity data from the entire process from raw material acquisition to fuel loading and bunkering, lower heating value, emission factors, fuel loss factors, emission conversion factors, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factors, and emission credits. Based on this data, the first GHG emission intensity from the entire process to fuel loading and bunkering and the second GHG emission intensity from the fuel combustion process are calculated. Based on these first and second GHG emission intensities, the total GHG emission intensity over the entire life-cycle of the marine fuel is calculated. During certification, the calculation data undergoes quality inspection to determine its score in each dimension. A comprehensive score is then calculated, and the first, second, and total GHG emission intensities are further corrected. Finally, a carbon intensity assessment report and a carbon intensity certification certificate are generated and uploaded to a blockchain.

[0011] Through the above design, the first and second GHG emission intensities at different stages of the entire life cycle can be calculated separately, and the total GHG emission intensity for the entire life cycle can be further calculated. Under a unified framework, emission intensity calculations are completed based on transparent and verifiable accounting data. The accounting data is evaluated through a data quality verification mechanism, and the first, second, and total GHG emission intensities are corrected accordingly. This further enables standardized certification of marine fuel life cycle emission intensity, providing a method for calculating and certifying marine fuel life cycle emission intensity within a unified, transparent, and verifiable technical framework. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 An application environment diagram for a method of calculating and certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels provided in this application.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0015] Figure 3This is a flowchart illustrating a method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels, as provided in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in Embodiment 3 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Example 1 The method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels provided in this application can be applied to, for example... Figure 1 The application environment shown illustrates this. The terminal communicates with the server via a network. A data storage system stores the data the server needs to process. This system can be set up independently, integrated into the server, or located in the cloud or on other servers. The terminal can send a pending accounting request to the server. Upon receiving the request, the server retrieves the accounting data, which includes activity data from the entire process of raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and bunkering, lower heating value, emission factors, fuel loss factors, emission conversion factors, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factors, and emission credits. Based on this data, the server calculates the first GHG emission intensity for the entire process. Based on the lower heating value, fuel loss factors, emission conversion factors, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factors, and emission credits, the server calculates the second GHG emission intensity for the shipboard fuel combustion process. Finally, based on the first and second GHG emission intensities, the server calculates the total GHG emission intensity for the entire lifecycle of the shipboard fuel. The server can feed back the calculation result of the total GHG emission intensity of marine fuel over its entire life cycle to the terminal.

[0019] In addition, in some embodiments, the method for calculating the emission intensity of marine fuel throughout its life cycle can also be implemented by a server or a terminal. For example, the terminal can directly process the calculation request to be processed, or the server can obtain the calculation request to be processed from the data storage system and process it.

[0020] The terminals can be, but are not limited to, various desktop computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and portable wearable devices. IoT devices can include smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, and smart in-vehicle devices, while portable wearable devices can include smartwatches, smart bracelets, and head-mounted devices. Servers can be implemented using independent servers, server clusters composed of multiple servers, or cloud servers.

[0021] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels is provided. This method is executed by computer equipment, specifically by a terminal or server alone, or by both a terminal and a server. In this embodiment, the method is applied to... Figure 1 The following steps, S1-S4, are used as an example to illustrate the process of using a server in the example.

[0022] Step S1: Obtain accounting data; the accounting data includes activity data from the entire process of raw material acquisition to marine fuel loading and bunkering, lower heating value, emission factor, fuel loss factor, emission conversion factor, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factor and emission credit.

[0023] Step S2: Based on the activity data, lower heating value and emission factor of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and refueling, calculate the first GHG emission intensity of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and refueling.

[0024] Step S3: Based on the lower heating value, fuel loss factor, emission conversion factor, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factor and emission credit, calculate the second GHG emission intensity of the marine fuel combustion process.

[0025] Step S4: Based on the first GHG emission intensity and the second GHG emission intensity, calculate the total GHG emission intensity of marine fuel throughout its entire life cycle.

[0026] By implementing steps S1 to S4 above, this embodiment can calculate the total GHG emission intensity of marine fuel throughout its entire life cycle.

[0027] Given that calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels involves multiple factors, including feedstock properties, regional energy structure, electricity emission factors, transportation modes and distances, fuel processing routes, and carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) methods, significant differences exist between different fuel pathways. Currently, a completely unified system has not yet been established for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels and selecting emission factors. For example, whether biomass fuels are included in the biocarbon cycle, and how evaporation losses during the upstream and downstream transportation of methanol or ammonia fuels are accounted for, directly affect the calculation results of the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels. This leads to insufficient comparability of carbon intensity certification certificates for marine fuels issued by different regions and institutions, resulting in considerable uncertainty.

[0028] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment provides a method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels. The following is a detailed description of this method.

[0029] (a) Determine the system boundary (or accounting boundary) Before the calculation of marine fuel life-cycle emission intensity begins, the system boundary is automatically set through the life-cycle modeling module. This aims to provide a unified, comparable, and internationally consistent accounting framework for different fuel pathways. Specifically, based on the technical requirements for marine fuel life-cycle emission intensity calculation, the entire life cycle is clearly divided into two stages: "Well-to-Tank" (WtT) and "Tank-to-Wake" (TtW). This forms a complete "Well-to-Wake" (WtW) system boundary covering feedstock acquisition, energy conversion, fuel production, transportation and storage, onboard bunkering, and finally, ship combustion.

[0030] (ii) Determine the basic parameters and obtain the data for accounting. Before the calculation of the emission intensity of marine fuel throughout its entire life cycle begins, the basic parameters are automatically initialized through the life cycle modeling module.

[0031] Based on the system boundary, the types of greenhouse gases that need to be accounted for are further identified, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (also known as dinitrous oxide, N2O). Subsequently, they are converted into CO2 equivalents according to a unified Global Warming Potential (GWP) coefficient to ensure comparability among different emission sources.

[0032] The initialization of basic parameters refers to the initialization of the basic parameters required for the calculation, including energy and material activity data (including transport distance), lower heating value (LHV), energy and material emission factors (determined through an emission factor library), fuel loss factors, emission conversion factors, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factors, and emission credits. All basic parameter values ​​are accompanied by version identifiers and source records to ensure the reproducibility and auditability of subsequent calculations. Simultaneously, based on fuel type, production path, and data source, a list of activity data required for the calculation is automatically generated, providing structured input for subsequent life-cycle emission intensity calculations and data quality assessments. Through the established unified system boundary and basic parameter system, emission intensity calculations under different fuel pathways can be supported, laying the foundation for the final formation of life-cycle emission results (i.e., first certified GHG emission intensity, second certified GHG emission intensity, and total certified GHG emission intensity) that can be used for regulatory, certification, and international mutual recognition.

[0033] Regarding activity data, after clarifying the basic parameters, fuel source data is collected and a digital dataset (or standardized dataset) is constructed. Specifically, after defining the full life cycle system boundaries and basic parameters, the fuel source data collection phase begins. The data acquisition module collects and organizes structured activity data from the entire process of different fuel types, from raw material acquisition to marine fuel loading and bunkering, constructing a digital dataset that can be directly used for full life cycle emission intensity calculation. This dataset automatically identifies the data nodes and data types to be collected, covering information such as raw material types, land use patterns, energy and material inputs and emission factors, and transportation distances. For different data nodes, access is supported for measured data, verified enterprise declaration data, industry statistical data, and approved database data, with identification of their data sources, applicable scope, and time attributes. During the data collection process, the raw data undergoes standardization processing, including unifying the units of measurement, energy benchmarks, and time scales, and converting indirect data into the activity data format required for the full life cycle inventory. Simultaneously, each activity data point is automatically associated with its corresponding emission factor or calculation rule (or calculation method), forming a one-to-one digital mapping relationship of "activity data - emission factor - calculation rule," facilitating the calculation of GHG emissions. The processed activity data is organized hierarchically according to the entire life cycle stage and emission type, constructing a structured and modular digital dataset. This digital dataset not only directly drives the first life cycle emission calculation module to automatically calculate the emission intensity of the Well-to-Tank stage before loading, but also reserves interfaces with the second life cycle emission calculation module (completing the automatic calculation of emission intensity of the Tank-to-Wake stage), the life cycle comprehensive calculation module, the authentication module, and the blockchain traceability module. This enables consistent access and reuse of activity data throughout the entire process, forming a highly consistent digital dataset covering the entire fuel supply chain. This provides a reliable, traceable, and auditable data foundation for subsequent full life cycle emission intensity calculation, data quality assessment, confidence level adjustment, carbon intensity assessment report and carbon intensity certification certificate generation, and blockchain uploading. It not only supports applicability under multiple fuel pathways but also provides a unified data source for comparative studies of the fuel supply chain and carbon reduction assessments.

[0034] In this embodiment, the data used for accounting is obtained, which includes activity data from the entire process of raw material acquisition to marine fuel loading and bunkering, lower heating value, emission factor, fuel loss factor, emission conversion factor, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factor, and emission credit.

[0035] (iii) Calculation of the first GHG emission intensity (GHG emission intensity during the Well-to-Tank phase before boarding) In this embodiment, the first GHG emission intensity of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and refueling is calculated based on the activity data, lower heating value and emission factor of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and refueling.

[0036] After the digital dataset is constructed, the calculation of GHG emission intensity in the Well-to-Tank stage before loading onto the ship begins. The first life cycle emission calculation module automatically calculates the emission intensity of all emissions from the time the fuel is obtained from raw materials to the time the marine fuel is loaded onto the ship and refueled into the ship's fuel tank, based on the pre-set full life cycle system boundary and emission model. The emission intensity calculation in this stage covers multiple stages, including raw material production and collection, raw material transportation, fuel processing and production, storage and distribution, and loading onto the ship and refueling. Based on the collected activity data, including energy consumption, raw material consumption and transportation distance, and combined with the emission factors in the emission factor library, a unified emission calculation formula is used to calculate each stage item by item, and then the results are summed to obtain the first GHG emission intensity of this stage.

[0037] In this embodiment, based on the activity data, lower heating value, and emission factor of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and refueling, the first GHG emission intensity of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and refueling is calculated. Specifically, this includes: calculating the GHG emission amount of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and refueling based on the activity data, lower heating value, and emission factor of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and refueling; and calculating the first GHG emission intensity of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and refueling based on the GHG emission amount.

[0038] Fuel types are categorized into three types: fossil fuels, biomass fuels, non-biological renewable fuels, and renewable carbon fuels. Below, the calculation formula for the first GHG emission intensity of each type of fuel is given.

[0039] (1) Fossil fuels If the ship's fuel is fossil fuel, the formula for calculating the first GHG emission intensity (i.e., the greenhouse gas emission intensity of fossil fuel before loading) is: ; in, The first GHG emission intensity is the GHG emission intensity of marine fuel before it is loaded onto the ship, and the unit is grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). GHG emission intensity generated during the extraction, acquisition or recycling of raw materials (i.e. raw materials for the preparation of marine fuel), expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity is the emission intensity generated during the raw material processing (or refining process), that is, the GHG emission intensity generated when the raw materials are converted into fuel products (i.e. marine fuel, including power generation), and the unit is grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity is defined as the intensity of emissions generated during the transportation, storage and refueling processes, i.e. the GHG emission intensity associated with the transportation of feedstock to the conversion plant, as well as the transportation and storage of fuel products, local delivery, retail storage and loading, in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The intensity of GHG emissions generated by the carbon dioxide capture and storage (or geological storage) process, i.e. the reduction of GHG emissions through carbon dioxide capture and storage, is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ).

[0040] The formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity generated during raw material mining, acquisition, or recycling processes is as follows: ; in, GHG emissions are the amount of natural or unavoidable direct emissions from the extraction of fossil fuels due to the natural release of geological gases (such as associated methane and carbon dioxide) during the extraction process (including initial wellhead emissions, uncollected associated gas emissions, etc.). The unit is grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). GHG emissions from fuel used in mining facilities (such as diesel engines, generators, etc.) are expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). GHG emissions generated from the use of electricity for mining facilities (purchased or self-generated electricity), expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The GHG emissions from auxiliary materials (such as chemical agents, corrosion inhibitors, drilling fluids, etc.) are expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). GHG emissions are the amount of escaping (such as natural gas leaks or associated methane emissions) during facility operations in the extraction or processing process, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). Marine fuel production, in tons (t); The lower heating value of marine fuel is expressed in megajoules per ton (MJ / t).

[0041] The formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity generated during raw material processing is as follows: ; in, The amount of GHG emissions generated by the use of electricity in the processing is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). GHG emissions from the use of fuel to generate heat during the processing are expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The amount of GHG emissions generated from the use of hydrogen in the processing (including upstream hydrogen production) is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). This refers to the GHG emissions generated by the processing and refining operations themselves (such as physical or technological operations like distillation, absorption, extraction, and flash evaporation). It is the direct GHG emission, and the unit is grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). This refers to the GHG emissions throughout the entire life cycle of materials (such as catalysts, additives, solvents, etc.), expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The amount of GHG emitted from the process, either by leakage or spillage (including methane), is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). GHG emissions generated from the treatment of waste (such as exhaust gas, wastewater, and solid waste) during the processing are expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). Net production allocated to marine fuel, in tons (t). The lower heating value of marine fuel is expressed in megajoules per ton (MJ / t).

[0042] The formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity generated during transportation, storage, and refueling is as follows: ; in, The amount of GHG emitted during transportation is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The amount of GHG emitted during the energy consumption process is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The amount of GHG emitted during the refueling process is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). Marine fuel production, in tons (t); The lower heating value of marine fuel is expressed in megajoules per ton (MJ / t).

[0043] The formula for calculating GHG emissions generated during transportation is as follows: ; in, The number of transports is dimensionless. The distance for full-load transport is expressed in kilometers (km). Fuel consumption per unit transport distance at full load, expressed in liters per kilometer (L / km). The distance for unloaded transport is expressed in kilometers (km). Fuel consumption per unit distance of unloaded transport, expressed in liters per kilometer (L / km). The emission factor is GHG for fuel, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per liter (gCO2e / L). If transporting raw materials, the fuel is considered raw material; if transporting marine fuel, the fuel is considered marine fuel.

[0044] As an alternative, the formula for calculating GHG emissions generated during transportation is: ; in, The transport distance is expressed in kilometers (km). This refers to the transport volume, expressed in tons (t). For transport efficiency, the unit is liters per ton per kilometer (L / t·km). The emission factor for fuel GHG is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per liter (gCO2e / L).

[0045] The formula for calculating GHG emissions generated by energy consumption during storage is as follows: ; in, Energy consumed during the storage process is measured in megajoules (MJ). The GHG emission factor is the energy consumed during the storage process, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ).

[0046] The formula for calculating GHG emissions generated by energy consumption during the refueling process is: ; in, Energy consumed during the refueling process is measured in megajoules (MJ). The GHG emission factor is the energy consumed during the refueling process, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ).

[0047] The formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity from carbon dioxide capture and geological storage processes is as follows: ; in, The emission credit is equivalent to the net amount of CO2 captured and stored (long-term, such as 100 years) of GHG emission intensity, expressed in grams of CO2 equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity is defined as the intensity of emissions associated with at least one of the processes of capture, compression and cooling of carbon dioxide and temporary storage, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The emission intensity of GHG transported to long-term storage sites is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). GHG emission intensity for any emissions related to CO2 captured during storage (long-term, such as 100 years), including fugitive emissions that may occur during long-term storage and during the injection of CO2 into the storage. The unit is grams of CO2 equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). GHG emission intensity for any other emissions associated with CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage), expressed in grams of CO2 equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ).

[0048] (2) Biomass fuel If the marine fuel is biomass fuel, the formula for calculating the first GHG emission intensity (i.e., the greenhouse gas emission intensity of the biomass fuel before it is loaded onto the ship) is as follows: ; in, The first GHG emission intensity is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity is the amount of carbon dioxide equivalent generated during the planting, acquisition or collection of raw materials, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity is the carbon storage change caused by direct land use change. It is the annualized GHG emission intensity (e.g., 20 years) and the unit is grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity generated during the raw material processing is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity is given for the transportation, storage and refueling process, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity resulting from improved agricultural management is defined as the GHG emission intensity saved from soil carbon accumulation through improved agricultural management, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity generated by carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCDS), i.e., the GHG emission intensity reduced through CCDS, has not yet been included in [the relevant data]. The unit is gram CO2e / MJ.

[0049] The formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity generated during the raw material planting, acquisition, or collection process is as follows: ; in, This refers to the GHG emissions generated during the use of fertilizers in the raw material production process, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per hectare per year (gCO2e / ha·yr, where ha is hectare and yr is year). The amount of GHG emissions generated from the use of nitrous oxide during the raw material production process is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per hectare per year (gCO2e / ha·yr). The GHG emissions generated during the raw material sowing and production process are expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per hectare per year (gCO2e / ha·yr). The GHG emissions generated during the raw material production process are expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per hectare per year (gCO2e / ha·yr). The amount of GHG emissions generated by electricity used in the raw material production process is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per hectare per year (gCO2e / ha·yr). This represents the annual yield of raw materials, expressed in kilograms per hectare per year (Kg / ha·yr). Dry raw materials The lower heating value, expressed in megajoules per kilogram (MJ / kg), for dry raw materials. It refers to the types of biomass or other energy raw materials (such as corn, sugarcane, rapeseed, wood biomass, etc.) that have had moisture removed and are measured on a dry basis, used to distinguish the differences in low calorific value and energy output of different raw materials.

[0050] The formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity resulting from changes in carbon storage caused by direct land use change is as follows: ; in, Land types related to reference land use patterns Carbon storage per unit area, expressed as grams of carbon per unit area (hectare), including soil, vegetation, and dead organic matter. The reference land use pattern should be the land use pattern in January 2008 or the land use pattern 20 years prior to raw material acquisition, whichever is later. The unit is grams of carbon per hectare (gC / ha). Land type It refers to the land use or land cover categories classified according to relevant standards in land use change accounting, such as forest, grassland, cultivated land, wetland and construction land, which are used to characterize the carbon storage per unit area of ​​different land types and their changes. Land types related to actual land use patterns Carbon storage per unit area, expressed as carbon mass (grams) per unit area (hectare), including soil, vegetation and dead organic matter, should be determined as the estimated carbon storage per unit area after 20 years or at crop maturity, whichever is earlier, in the case where carbon storage has accumulated for more than one year, in the case of gram carbon per hectare (gC / ha). The coefficient for the conversion of carbon to carbon dioxide is the quotient obtained by dividing the molecular weight of carbon dioxide (CO2) (44.010 g / mol) by the molecular weight of carbon (12.011 g / mol). The unit is grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per hectare (gCO2e / ha). The non-CO2 GHG emissions per hectare of biomass combustion are included in this formula only if the required combustion area information is available, and the unit is grams of CO2 equivalent per hectare (gCO2e / ha). The calculation period is 20, and the unit is years (yr). The yield of crops is expressed in tons per hectare per year (t / yr·ha). Dry raw materials The lower heating value is expressed in megajoules per ton (MJ / t).

[0051] The formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity generated during raw material processing is as follows: ; in, The amount of GHG emissions generated by the use of electricity in the processing is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). GHG emissions from the use of fuel to generate heat during the processing are expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The amount of GHG emitted from the materials used in the processing is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The amount of GHG emitted from wastewater treatment during the processing is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). Product output, in tons (t); Dry raw materials The lower heating value, expressed in megajoules per ton (MJ / t), for dry raw materials. It refers to the types of biomass or other energy raw materials (such as corn, sugarcane, rapeseed, wood biomass, etc.) that have had moisture removed and are measured on a dry basis, used to distinguish the differences in low calorific value and energy output of different raw materials.

[0052] The formula for calculating GHG emissions generated by electricity used in the processing is as follows: ; in, Electricity consumption, measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh). The emission factor for the regional power structure is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt-hour (gCO2e / kWh).

[0053] The formula for calculating GHG emissions from the heat generated by fuel during the processing is as follows: ; in, Fuel consumption is expressed in grams or milliliters (g or mL). It is the fuel emission factor, and the unit is grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per gram or per milliliter (gCO2e / g or gCO2e / mL).

[0054] As an alternative, the formula for calculating GHG emissions from the heat generated by fuel during the processing is as follows: ; in, The heat generated by fuel, measured in megajoules (MJ). Emission factor for fuel or heat, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ).

[0055] The formula for calculating GHG emissions from materials used in the processing is as follows: ; in, For investment Consumption amount, in grams or milliliters (g or mL). For investment The emission factor is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per gram or milliliter (gCO2e / g or gCO2e / mL). Input It refers to the input materials .

[0056] The formula for calculating the GHG emissions from wastewater treatment during the processing is as follows: ; in, The amount of wastewater consumed is expressed in cubic meters (m³). 3 ); The discharge factor for wastewater is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per cubic meter (gCO2e / m³). 3 ).

[0057] The formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity generated during transportation, storage, and refueling is as follows: ; in, The amount of GHG emitted during transportation is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The amount of GHG emitted during the energy consumption process is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The amount of GHG emitted during the refueling process is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). Marine fuel production, in tons (t); The lower heating value of marine fuel is expressed in megajoules per ton (MJ / t).

[0058] The calculation formulas for GHG emissions generated during transportation, energy consumption during storage, and energy consumption during refueling are consistent with those for fossil fuels and will not be repeated here.

[0059] The formula for calculating the intensity of GHG emissions through improved agricultural management is as follows: ; in, Land types related to actual land use patterns Carbon storage per unit area, expressed as carbon mass (grams) per unit area (hectare), including soil, vegetation and dead organic matter, should be determined as the estimated carbon storage per unit area after 20 years or at crop maturity, whichever is earlier, in the case where carbon storage has accumulated for more than one year, in the case of gram carbon per hectare (gC / ha). Land types related to reference land use patterns Carbon storage per unit area is expressed as carbon mass (grams) per unit area (hectare), including soil, vegetation and dead organic matter. The reference land use pattern should be the land use pattern in January 2008 or the land use pattern 20 years prior to the acquisition of raw materials, whichever is later. The unit is grams of carbon per hectare (gC / ha). The coefficient for the conversion of carbon to carbon dioxide is the quotient obtained by dividing the molecular weight of carbon dioxide (CO2) (44.010 g / mol) by the molecular weight of carbon (12.011 g / mol). The unit is grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per hectare (gCO2e / ha). The calculation period is 20, and the unit is years (yr). The yield of crops is expressed in tons per hectare per year (t / yr·ha). Dry raw materials The lower heating value is expressed in megajoules per ton (MJ / t).

[0060] The GHG emission intensity from carbon dioxide capture and storage (CFS) is the GHG emission intensity from carbon dioxide captured and stored during biomass fuel production. The calculation formula is: ; in, The amount of carbon dioxide emissions produced is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). Electricity consumption is measured in megawatt-hours (MWh). The carbon dioxide emission factor for electricity is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megawatt-hour (gCO2e / MWh). For materials The amount of input is expressed in kilograms (Kg). For materials The carbon dioxide emission factor is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (gCO2e / Kg). Biomass fuel production, expressed in kilograms (Kg). The lower heating value of biomass fuel is expressed in megajoules per kilogram (MJ / kg). Materials It is the first [item] used in the biomass fuel production process. A type of material.

[0061] (3) Non-biological renewable fuels and renewable carbon fuels If the marine fuel is a non-biological renewable fuel or a renewable carbon fuel, then the formula for calculating the first GHG emission intensity (i.e., the GHG emission intensity generated from the production and use of non-biological renewable fuels or renewable carbon fuels as substitute feedstocks) is as follows: in, The first GHG emission intensity is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ) for different types of inputs, which are feedstocks used in the production processes of non-biological renewable fuels and renewable carbon fuels. The GHG emission intensity generated during the raw material processing is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity is given for the transportation, storage and refueling process, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The intensity of GHG emissions from carbon dioxide capture and geological storage processes is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ).

[0062] When calculating the GHG emission intensity at the raw material input stage, considering that emissions at the input stage include emissions from different types of inputs, categorized as rigid inputs, flexible inputs, and emissions generated from the existing use or destination of the inputs, the formulas for calculating the GHG emission intensity from different types of inputs are as follows: ; in, The GHG emission intensity generated by flexible input is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity generated by rigid input is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ). The GHG emission intensity is the result of the existing use or destination of the input, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ).

[0063] The formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity generated during raw material processing is as follows: ; in, GHG emissions generated by the use of electricity in the processing of RFNBO (Renewable Fuels of Non-Biological Origin) or RCF (Recycled Carbon Fuels) are expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). GHG emissions generated from the use of heat energy in the RFNBO or RCF processing, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). GHG emissions generated from materials used in the RFNBO or RCF processing (which are input materials, such as catalysts, solvents, etc.), expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). GHG emissions generated from waste produced during the RFNBO or RCF processing are expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). This refers to the GHG emissions generated during the operation of the CCS system (compression, carbon dioxide transport) in the RFNBO or RCF processing process, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). This is a necessary energy consumption in the processing stage and must be fully included. These emissions cannot be offset by emissions reductions from emissions sequestration. The output of fuel products obtained from the RFNBO or RCF processing process is expressed in tons (t). The lower heating value of fuel products obtained from RFNBO or RCF processing is expressed in megajoules per ton (MJ / t).

[0064] The formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity generated during transportation, storage, and refueling is as follows: ; in, The amount of GHG emitted during transportation is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The amount of GHG emitted during the energy consumption process is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). The amount of GHG emitted during the refueling process is expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e). Marine fuel production, in tons (t); The lower heating value of marine fuel is expressed in megajoules per ton (MJ / t).

[0065] The calculation formulas for GHG emissions generated during transportation, energy consumption during storage, and energy consumption during refueling are consistent with those for fossil fuels and will not be repeated here.

[0066] Emissions from carbon storage operations (including carbon dioxide transport) must be [mandated / manifested]. Taking into account the scope, the formula for calculating the GHG emission intensity from carbon dioxide capture and geological storage processes is as follows: ; in, The GHG emission intensity is the amount of carbon dioxide permanently sequestered by CCS during the RFNBO or RCF processing, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gCO2e / MJ).

[0067] It should be noted that when calculating GHG emissions and GHG emission intensity, for which no calculation formula is given in this embodiment, the calculations are based on activity data and using existing mature technologies, which will not be elaborated here.

[0068] Through the above-mentioned full-process calculation, the WtT emission calculation results of marine fuel are obtained, laying a mathematical foundation for subsequent TtW emission calculation, WtW emission calculation and carbon intensity certification output. The automated and structured calculation method of this step ensures the consistency, transparency and repeatability of different fuel paths in the whole life cycle accounting, which is a key link to achieve standardized assessment of green fuel carbon intensity.

[0069] (iv) Calculation of the second GHG emission intensity (GHG emission intensity during the Tank-to-Wake phase at the ship's end) In this embodiment, the second GHG emission intensity of the marine fuel combustion process is calculated based on the lower heating value, fuel loss factor, emission conversion factor, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factor, and emission credit.

[0070] After completing the GHG emission intensity calculation for the Well-to-Tank phase before loading, the Tank-to-Wake phase GHG emission intensity calculation is performed by the second life cycle emission calculation module. Using the lower heating value per unit of fuel as a normalized benchmark, and following the ship-side greenhouse gas emission intensity calculation formula, the module quantitatively calculates the greenhouse gas emissions generated during the actual use of marine fuel in the ship's energy converter. Ship-side TtW emissions include not only CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions directly generated during fuel combustion, but also systematically incorporate fuel that is not fully oxidized and escapes from the energy converter (fuel slip), as well as leaks, venting, or other forms of fuel loss during the transfer from the fuel tank to the energy converter. Direct emissions from combustion are characterized by multiplying the 100-year global warming potential coefficients of CO2, CH4, and N2O by the corresponding emission conversion factors, and then uniformly converted to carbon dioxide equivalents. In CO2 emission accounting, emissions from the combustion process are calculated based on the CO2 emission conversion factor at the fuel consumption end. CO2 emissions from fossil fuels are generally fully included, while biomass fuels, being synthetic fuels that use captured CO2 as a carbon source, can have their emissions credits included or deducted according to rules through carbon source factor settings. For CH4 and N2O, the calculation no longer relies solely on empirical emission factors based on ship type or engine type, but instead incorporates the proportion of greenhouse gases in the fuel composition and their corresponding global warming potential coefficient into the TtW emission intensity calculation framework. Furthermore, fuel loss factors characterize the differentiated emission features of specific fuels and technology pathways, such as methane escape during LNG use and potential N2O generation during ammonia fuel combustion. These emissions can be adjusted based on engine technology, operating conditions, and fuel characteristics. For synthetic fuels produced using carbon capture and utilization pathways, corresponding emission credits can also be included or deducted from the TtW emission value according to rules.

[0071] Based on this, the formula for calculating the second GHG emission intensity (i.e., the formula for calculating the greenhouse gas emission intensity at the ship's deck) is as follows: ; in, This represents the second highest GHG emission intensity. The lower heating value of marine fuel is the heat generated by complete combustion, and the unit is megajoules per gram of fuel (MJ / gfuel). The fuel loss factor is the percentage of total fuel mass that escapes from the energy converter without being oxidized. The fuel loss factor is the percentage of total fuel mass that escapes between the fuel tank and the energy converter and is lost in the system through leakage, venting, or other means. The CO2 emission conversion factor is the CO2 emission of fuel used at the end of the process during combustion, and the unit is grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per gram of fuel (gCO2e / gfuel). This is the global warming potential coefficient for CO2, specifically the 100-year global warming potential coefficient, with a unit of 1. The CH4 emission conversion factor is the amount of methane emitted during the combustion of fuel used at the point of use, expressed in grams of methane per gram of fuel (gCH4 / gfuel). The global warming potential coefficient for CH4 is specifically the 100-year global warming potential coefficient, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per gram of methane (gCO2e / gCH4). The N2O emission conversion factor is the amount of nitrogen oxide emitted during the combustion of fuel used at the point of use, expressed in grams of nitrous oxide per gram of fuel (gN2O / gfuel). The global warming potential coefficient for N2O is specifically the 100-year global warming potential coefficient, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per gram of nitrous oxide (gCO2e / gN2O). The emission conversion factor is the proportion of GHG in the fuel composition, expressed in grams of greenhouse gases per gram of fuel (gGHG / gfuel). It is the global warming potential coefficient of GHG in fuel composition, specifically the 100-year global warming potential coefficient, with the unit being grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per gram of greenhouse gas (gCO2e / gGHG). The carbon source factor, which is used to determine whether emission credits generated from fuel biomass growth are included, is 0 or 1. Emission credits generated from fuel biomass growth, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per gram of fuel (gCO2e / gfuel). The carbon source factor, which is used to determine whether emission credits generated from the use of captured CO2 as a carbon source in the production of synthetic fuels during fuel production are included, is set to 0 or 1. Emission credits generated from the use of captured CO2 as a carbon source in the production of synthetic fuels are not included. and Partial, the unit is grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per gram of fuel (gCO2e / gfuel); Emission credits for carbon capture and storage when CO2 is captured on board a ship, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per gram of fuel (gCO2e / gfuel).

[0072] The above calculations based on a unified formula and parameter system form a structured TtW emission calculation result for the ship's end, providing a consistent and comparable basis for subsequent WtW emission calculations.

[0073] (v) Calculation of GHG emission intensity throughout the entire life cycle In this embodiment, the total GHG emission intensity over the entire life cycle of marine fuel is calculated based on the first GHG emission intensity and the second GHG emission intensity.

[0074] Specifically, the total GHG emission intensity of marine fuel throughout its entire life cycle is calculated based on the first GHG emission intensity and the second GHG emission intensity. This includes calculating the sum of the first GHG emission intensity and the second GHG emission intensity to obtain the total GHG emission intensity of marine fuel throughout its entire life cycle.

[0075] After independently calculating the GHG emission intensity during the pre-shipment Well-to-Tank (WtT) phase and the shipboard Tank-to-Wake (TtW) phase, the calculation of the GHG emission intensity for the entire life cycle Well-to-Wake (WtW) (i.e., the full life cycle emission intensity accounting) is performed. The life cycle integrated calculation module summarizes the first GHG emission intensity before boarding and the second GHG emission intensity at the shipboard to form the complete GHG emission intensity of the fuel path (i.e., the total GHG emission intensity of the entire life cycle). The aim is to integrate the GHG emission intensity generated by the fuel at each stage of the supply chain and output core carbon intensity indicators that can be directly used for green fuel certification, IMO greenhouse gas intensity compliance assessment, green shipping corridor assessment, and regional carbon regulatory systems.

[0076] Calling the first GHG emission intensity obtained before boarding and the second GHG emission intensity at the ship's end Based on the life-cycle accounting framework, the two parts are summed to obtain the complete GHG emission intensity from fuel acquisition to ship propulsion. Therefore, the formula for calculating the total GHG emission intensity over the entire life-cycle is: ; in, The total GHG emission intensity over the entire life cycle.

[0077] To ensure the accuracy and comparability of the calculation results, during the process of superimposing the emission intensity calculation results, it is re-verified whether the GHG emission intensity of the two stages is expressed based on the same energy unit (MJ), and whether the whole life cycle system boundary, emission intensity version, GWP conversion parameters, etc. are consistent. This ensures the traceability and methodological consistency of the whole life cycle emission intensity calculation results (i.e., the total GHG emission intensity of the whole life cycle). In addition, for certain renewable fuel pathways, such as hydrogen production by electrolysis, green methanol, or biofuels, users can further process and deduct or aggregate the relevant emission items in the whole life cycle emission intensity calculation results based on experience, according to the carbon source attributes (such as biocarbon, non-biocarbon renewable carbon, etc.) and the specificity of relevant accounting rules. This avoids duplicate calculations or omissions between different stages, so that the final whole life cycle emission intensity calculation results not only conform to the whole life cycle calculation principles but also meet the consistency requirements of relevant technical rules.

[0078] Through comprehensive calculations, the most crucial greenhouse gas emission indicator for the fuel pathway—total GHG emission intensity over the entire life cycle—is formed. This greenhouse gas emission indicator serves as the foundational data for green fuel certification and will be directly used for subsequent data quality assessment, confidence level adjustment, generation of carbon intensity assessment reports and carbon intensity certification certificates, and blockchain uploading. This will establish a complete, transparent, and internationally applicable carbon intensity certification system covering the entire fuel chain.

[0079] This application also provides an application scenario in which the above-described method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels is applied. Specifically, the life-cycle emission intensity calculation method for marine fuels provided in this embodiment can be applied in a calculation scenario. The calculation scenario includes a calculation stage and a display stage. The calculation stage is used to calculate the total GHG emission intensity of marine fuels throughout their entire life cycle, and the display stage is used to show the total GHG emission intensity of marine fuels throughout their entire life cycle to the user for use. The life-cycle emission intensity calculation method for marine fuels provided in this embodiment belongs to the calculation stage.

[0080] Example 2 The marine fuel lifecycle emission intensity certification method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 1In the application environment shown, the terminal communicates with the server via a network. The data storage system stores the data the server needs to process. The data storage system can be set up independently, integrated into the server, or placed in the cloud or on another server. The terminal can send an authentication request to be processed to the server. After receiving the authentication request, the server uses the marine fuel life-cycle emission intensity calculation method described in Example 1 to calculate the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity. The server performs quality checks on the calculation data, determines the score of the calculation data in each dimension, calculates the comprehensive score of the calculation data based on the scores of the calculation data in each dimension, and, based on the scores of the calculation data in each dimension and the comprehensive score of the calculation data, evaluates the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity. The GHG emission intensity and total GHG emission intensity are corrected to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity. Based on the accounting data, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, the total GHG emission intensity, the scores of the accounting data in each dimension, the comprehensive score of the accounting data, the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity, a carbon intensity assessment report is generated and certified to obtain a carbon intensity certification certificate. Both the carbon intensity assessment report and the carbon intensity certification certificate are uploaded to the blockchain. The server can then provide feedback on the certification result—the carbon intensity assessment report and the carbon intensity certification certificate—to the terminal.

[0081] In addition, in some embodiments, the marine fuel life cycle emission intensity certification method can also be implemented by a server or a terminal. For example, the terminal can directly process the certification request to be processed, or the server can obtain the certification request to be processed from the data storage system and process it.

[0082] The terminals can be, but are not limited to, various desktop computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and portable wearable devices. IoT devices can include smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, and smart in-vehicle devices, while portable wearable devices can include smartwatches, smart bracelets, and head-mounted devices. Servers can be implemented using independent servers, server clusters composed of multiple servers, or cloud servers.

[0083] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, a method for certifying the emission intensity of marine fuel throughout its entire life cycle is provided. This method is executed by computer equipment, specifically by a terminal or server alone, or by both a terminal and a server. In this embodiment, the method is applied to... Figure 1 The following steps, T1-T4, will be used as an example to illustrate the process of using a server in the example.

[0084] Step T1: Using the marine fuel life cycle emission intensity calculation method described in Example 1, calculate the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity.

[0085] Step T2 involves performing a quality inspection on the accounting data, determining the score for each dimension of the accounting data, calculating the comprehensive score of the accounting data based on the scores for each dimension, and correcting the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity based on the scores for each dimension and the comprehensive score of the accounting data, to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity; the dimensions include timeliness, regional applicability, technical representativeness, data source reliability, and verification completeness.

[0086] Step T3: Based on the accounting data, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, the total GHG emission intensity, the score of the accounting data in each dimension, the comprehensive score of the accounting data, the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity, a carbon intensity assessment report is generated, and the carbon intensity assessment report is certified to obtain a carbon intensity certification certificate.

[0087] Step T4: Upload both the carbon intensity assessment report and the carbon intensity certification certificate to the blockchain.

[0088] By implementing steps T1 to T4 above, this embodiment can certify the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity throughout the entire life cycle of marine fuel.

[0089] The fuel supply chain generally suffers from fragmented data, inconsistent standards, and weak traceability. Some fuel routes lack reliable data quality management mechanisms, making it difficult to share and mutually recognize life-cycle emission intensity calculation results internationally. Currently, a completely unified system has not yet been established for data quality requirements and certification processes for marine fuels. Against this backdrop, establishing a unified, auditable, and traceable carbon emission certification system has become an urgent need for the green fuel industry and international shipping regulation. Therefore, this embodiment proposes a life-cycle emission intensity certification method for marine fuels. By constructing standardized life-cycle emission intensity accounting boundaries, calculation models, data quality control mechanisms, and digital verification chains, it provides unified, transparent, comparable, and internationally recognized carbon intensity assessment results for different types of marine fuels. This method not only helps shipping companies accurately assess the emission reduction benefits and compliance capabilities of fuel substitution solutions but also provides crucial foundational data support for the construction of green shipping corridors and green fuel carbon intensity management, filling the current technological gap in the industry due to the lack of unified certification standards.

[0090] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment provides a method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels. The following is a detailed description of this method.

[0091] (a) Calculation of GHG emission intensity In this embodiment, the marine fuel life cycle emission intensity calculation method described in Example 1 is used to calculate the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity based on the calculation data.

[0092] (ii) Data quality assessment and confidence level adjustment to complete the correction of GHG emission intensity. In this embodiment, the data used for accounting is subjected to quality inspection to determine the score of the data for each dimension. Based on the score of the data for each dimension, the comprehensive score of the data for accounting is calculated. Based on the score of the data for each dimension and the comprehensive score of the data for accounting, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity and the total GHG emission intensity are corrected to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity and the total certified GHG emission intensity. The dimensions include timeliness, regional applicability, technical representativeness, data source reliability and verification completeness.

[0093] After the life cycle emission intensity calculation is completed, the data quality rating (DQR) and confidence adjustment phase begins. This phase is automatically executed by the certification module and aims to conduct a systematic quality check on the input data (or raw data, i.e., the data used for calculation) throughout the fuel path to ensure the credibility and auditability of the life cycle emission intensity calculation results.

[0094] When conducting data quality assessment, a multi-dimensional data quality scoring system is adopted, covering five dimensions: timeliness, regional applicability, technical representativeness, data source reliability, and verification completeness. Each dimension is scored on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 represents low quality and high uncertainty, and 5 represents high quality and low uncertainty. For each dimension, a score is calculated using a rule-based qualitative-quantitative mapping method. Based on the data's metadata, applicability, matching, and verification status, and according to pre-defined scoring rules, data quality is mapped to discrete score values ​​from 1 to 5.

[0095] For each dimension, at least the following input information is required: (1) Original data element information: year of data collection or release, type of data source (actual measurement, enterprise declaration, statistical yearbook, literature, database, etc.), data collection object and spatial range, data generation method (actual measurement, model estimation, expert judgment, etc.); (2) Applicability and matching information: whether it is consistent with the fuel path, process route and technology level being evaluated, and whether it matches the target accounting area and time range; (3) Verification and audit information: whether it has been verified or certified by a third party, and whether it has a complete data traceability chain and supporting materials.

[0096] After obtaining the aforementioned input information, the preset grading rules for each dimension are first defined. Specifically, a set of preset grading rules is designed for each dimension, specifying the quality standards corresponding to 1 to 5. These rules can be designed by the user. As an example, 5 points: high match, direct measurement, latest data, verified by a third party; 3 points: partial match, industry average or model estimation, data slightly lagging; 1 point: low match, indirect calculation, outdated or lacking verified data. The above preset grading rules serve as the built-in evaluation benchmark.

[0097] Then, the feature information of the input data is extracted and standardized. Specifically, feature information related to each dimension is automatically extracted from the full lifecycle list and certification materials, such as the difference between the data year and the accounting year, the consistency between the data spatial range and the target area, and whether the technical route is consistent. These feature information are then converted into identifiable standardized data attributes (such as "completely consistent, partially consistent, inconsistent").

[0098] Next, rule-based grading and assignment are performed. Specifically, the standardized data attributes of each dimension are compared with the preset grading rules one by one. The "most unfavorable principle" or the "dominant factor principle" is used to determine the score of that dimension: if a key criterion does not meet the high-quality requirement, the score of that dimension cannot be higher than the score under that key criterion. When multiple criterions apply simultaneously, the score corresponding to the criterion with the greatest impact on the result is taken, thus obtaining the score of that dimension. ∈{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}.

[0099] Finally, consistency and traceability checks are performed. Specifically, logical consistency checks are conducted on the scores for each dimension (e.g., consistency of scores from the same data source across different parameters), and auditable explanations of the scoring criteria are generated to ensure consistency. The results are reproducible and verifiable.

[0100] Through the above process, the quality of the accounting data can be checked, and the score of the accounting data in each dimension can be determined. Based on the scores of the accounting data in each dimension, a weighted calculation can be performed to obtain the comprehensive score of the accounting data. The formula for calculating the overall score is: ; in, To calculate the comprehensive score of the data used for accounting, ∈[1, 5]; For dimension The weights can be set according to the importance and data sensitivity of the fuel path; for example, technical representativeness and verification integrity can be given higher weights. For accounting data in dimensions The ratings include: timeliness ratings. This reflects the representativeness of the time frame and determines whether the data reflects the current energy structure and processes; it also assesses regional applicability. This reflects geographical representativeness and determines whether the data is applicable to the production location and transportation routes; the score for technical representativeness... This reflects the representativeness of the technology and determines whether the data reflects actual processes rather than theoretical values; it also includes a score for the reliability of the data source. This reflects the source and transparency, determining whether the data is original measured data, verified data, or an estimate; and it verifies the integrity of the data. This reflects verifiability and determines whether the data has third-party records, audit evidence, etc.

[0101] After obtaining the scoring results, a confidence adjustment mechanism will be activated to adjust the confidence level and apply an uncertainty increment to the calculation results of emission intensity in stages or throughout the entire life cycle, so as to avoid the underestimation of emission intensity due to insufficient data quality.

[0102] At this point, based on the scores of the accounting data in each dimension and the comprehensive score of the accounting data, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity are corrected to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity. Specifically, this includes: determining the value of the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula based on the scores of the accounting data in each dimension; using the comprehensive score of the accounting data and the value of the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula as input; and using the correction formula to correct the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity respectively to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity.

[0103] Specifically, based on the scores of the accounting data in each dimension, the value of the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula is determined. This includes: determining whether the score of the accounting data in any dimension is less than or equal to a preset score. If so, the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula is determined to be within a first value range, and the higher the overall score of the accounting data, the smaller the uncertainty coefficient. If not, the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula is determined to be within a second value range, and the higher the overall score of the accounting data, the smaller the uncertainty coefficient. The upper limit of the second value range is lower than the lower limit of the first value range.

[0104] The above correction process specifically includes the following steps: (1) Determine whether the score of the data used for accounting in any dimension is less than or equal to the preset score (e.g., take 2, or you can adjust it to take other values).

[0105] (2) If so, strengthen the adjustment and activate the threshold triggering mechanism. That is, when the single-dimensional data quality score (the score of the data used for accounting in any dimension) is less than or equal to 2, the enhanced control mechanism should be triggered, including but not limited to increasing the correction magnitude (i.e., increasing the uncertainty coefficient). The value of the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula is determined to be within the first range. The correction results (first certified GHG emission intensity, second certified GHG emission intensity, and total certified GHG emission intensity) are marked with low confidence, indicating that the correction results can only be used as reference values ​​and cannot be used for high-level certification, etc. At this time, the comprehensive score of the accounting data and the value of the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula are used as inputs. The correction formula is used to correct the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity respectively to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity.

[0106] (3) If not, that is, when the data quality score of a single dimension is greater than 2, it indicates that the data of that dimension is within an acceptable range, and the correction magnitude should be reduced (i.e., the uncertainty coefficient should be reduced). The value of the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula is determined to be within the second range. However, the emission intensity should still be corrected to a certain extent based on the comprehensive data quality score (the comprehensive score of the data used for accounting). As the comprehensive data quality score increases, the correction range gradually decreases. When the comprehensive data quality score reaches the highest level 5, it is equivalent to no correction. At this time, the comprehensive score of the data used for accounting and the value of the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula are used as inputs. The correction formula is used to correct the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity and the total GHG emission intensity respectively to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity and the total certified GHG emission intensity.

[0107] The corrected formula is: ; in, Certification of GHG emission intensity for marine fuels in stages or throughout their entire life cycle; GHG emission intensity for marine fuels in stages or throughout their entire life cycle; The uncertainty coefficient is typically set between 0.15 and 0.30. Both the first and second value ranges are subsets of 0.15 to 0.30, used to control the adjustment range. To calculate the comprehensive score of the data used for accounting, ∈[1,5].

[0108] when For the first GHG emission intensity, then For the first certified GHG emission intensity, when For the second GHG emission intensity, then For the second certified GHG emission intensity, when For total GHG emission intensity, then For total certified GHG emission intensity.

[0109] The aforementioned confidence adjustment mechanism ensures that when data quality is insufficient or the source is opaque, the emission intensity calculation results will not create an unfair advantage in the compliance system due to underestimation. Simultaneously, when data for a particular activity is missing or does not meet the minimum quality requirements, a conservative emission factor (which can be determined based on user experience) will be automatically applied to enhance the robustness of the certification by increasing the estimated emissions. Furthermore, the scored DQR information (i.e., the scores of the accounting data in each dimension and the overall score of the accounting data) will also be recorded in the final certification document, serving as an important basis for third-party audits, cross-border mutual recognition, and acceptance by regulatory agencies.

[0110] Through the aforementioned scoring model and confidence adjustment mechanism, a data quality system that is quantifiable, interpretable, and auditable has been constructed. This not only improves the transparency of the full life cycle emission intensity assessment but also provides a reliable technical guarantee for the global certification and mutual recognition of green fuels.

[0111] In the emission intensity certification process, two mechanisms should be distinguished: data quality correction and certification access determination. For cases where the data quality is low but still meets the basic calculation requirements (i.e., other than cases where key data is missing, data is obviously distorted, or basic consistency constraints are not met), the emission intensity should be corrected using a correction formula before certification. For cases where key data is missing (such as missing energy consumption data and missing transportation routes), data is obviously distorted (such as negative emissions or emissions much lower than the industry level without supporting evidence), or basic consistency constraints are not met (such as energy conservation not being valid or carbon balance not being valid), correction and certification should not be carried out.

[0112] (iii) Prepare a carbon intensity assessment report and a carbon intensity certification certificate, and conduct carbon intensity assessment and certification. In this embodiment, a carbon intensity assessment report is generated based on the accounting data, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, the total GHG emission intensity, the score of the accounting data in each dimension, the comprehensive score of the accounting data, the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity. The carbon intensity assessment report is then certified to obtain a carbon intensity certification certificate.

[0113] After completing the full life-cycle emission intensity calculation, data quality assessment, and confidence level adjustment, the carbon intensity assessment report and carbon intensity certification certificate generation stage begins. This stage is automatically executed by the certification module within the digital platform. By integrating information such as the data used for calculation, emission intensity calculation results (first GHG emission intensity, second GHG emission intensity, and total GHG emission intensity), data quality level scores (scores of the data used for calculation in each dimension and the comprehensive score of the data used for calculation), and certified GHG emission intensities (first certified GHG emission intensity, second certified GHG emission intensity, and total certified GHG emission intensity), a structured carbon intensity assessment report is formed. The carbon intensity assessment report not only includes a complete description of the fuel path and emission details at each stage, but also records the audit chain of key activity data and their sources, ensuring that the carbon intensity assessment report is transparent, verifiable, and traceable. After the carbon intensity assessment report is generated, a uniquely coded carbon intensity certification certificate is created for each fuel route, based on unified lifecycle accounting rules and certification processes. This certificate serves as a basis for shipping companies, fuel suppliers, and regulatory agencies in scenarios such as IMO greenhouse gas intensity compliance, green shipping corridor access, port fuel management, and cross-border fuel mutual recognition, thereby achieving standardized expression and application of green fuel carbon intensity. This establishes a closed-loop system from data collection and model calculation to certification publication, providing systematic, auditable, and internationally applicable technical support for the lifecycle carbon intensity assessment of marine green fuels.

[0114] In this embodiment, the carbon intensity assessment report includes calculation data, a first GHG emission intensity, a second GHG emission intensity, a total GHG emission intensity, scores for the calculation data in each dimension, a comprehensive score for the calculation data, a first certified GHG emission intensity, a second certified GHG emission intensity, and a total certified GHG emission intensity. A carbon intensity certification certificate can be obtained by certifying the carbon intensity assessment report using existing certification algorithms.

[0115] (iv) Blockchain upload In this embodiment, both the carbon intensity assessment report and the carbon intensity certification certificate are uploaded to the blockchain.

[0116] To further enhance the credibility and international recognition of life-cycle carbon intensity assessments, a blockchain traceability module is introduced after the generation of carbon intensity assessment reports and carbon intensity certification certificates. This blockchain-based traceability module ensures the immutability of data throughout the entire process, enabling full traceability and tamper-proof management of fuel life-cycle data and certification records. This blockchain traceability module runs automatically in the background, writing key data nodes involved in the life-cycle emission intensity calculation—including calculation data, emission intensity calculation results, data quality level scores, certified GHG emission intensity, and the numbers of the final carbon intensity assessment report and carbon intensity certification certificate—into a distributed ledger using encrypted hash algorithms. The blockchain traceability module employs a timestamp mechanism to solidify each data item as an on-chain record. The chain structure ensures that once any data is written, it is difficult to tamper with, thereby preventing the risk of post-calculation alteration or information forgery during the calculation process. At the same time, a unique on-chain index is generated for each fuel route and its corresponding carbon intensity assessment report and carbon intensity certification certificate, which can be provided to other users for querying through authorized interfaces, thereby providing a reliable data traceability basis for cross-border fuel certification mutual recognition, green shipping corridor cooperation, etc.

[0117] By introducing a blockchain traceability module, the entire lifecycle accounting and certification process forms a closed-loop structure of "data collection - accounting modeling - quality assessment - certification generation - on-chain solidification". It has high transparency, high auditability and meets the requirements of cross-institutional collaborative supervision. Blockchain traceability not only improves the credibility of carbon intensity certification certificates, but also lays an important technical foundation for the mutual recognition of green fuel carbon intensity results among different countries and standard systems in the future.

[0118] This embodiment provides a method for calculating and certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels. Based on the life-cycle accounting framework proposed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), this method establishes a unified system boundary, standardized emission accounting paths, and a traceable data quality and verification system to quantitatively calculate and structurally certify the greenhouse gas emission intensity of marine fuels throughout the entire process, from raw material acquisition, processing, transportation, bunkering, to combustion. First, basic accounting data, including raw material properties, energy structure, fuel path, energy consumption data, and emission factors, are collected through a digital platform. The life-cycle model is used to calculate emissions before loading (Well-to-Tank) and at the ship's end (Tank-to-Wake) stage, and these are integrated into a complete Well-to-Wake (WtW) emission intensity calculation result. Subsequently, the accounting data is reviewed and corrected for completeness and credibility based on data source and quality, generating a carbon intensity assessment report and a carbon intensity certification certificate that can be used for compliance supervision, fuel trading, and international mutual recognition. This embodiment is applicable not only to various fuel pathways such as fossil fuels, biofuels, and electro-fuels, but can also be directly used by shipping companies to meet IMO greenhouse gas intensity management requirements, build green shipping corridors, and conduct cross-border certification and regulation of green fuels. It can achieve accurate emission accounting across the entire chain, transparent and auditable data, comparable pathways, and results that can be used for compliant applications, thus making up for technical shortcomings such as inconsistent fuel emission accounting methods, unstable data quality, and fragmented certification systems.

[0119] Compared with related solutions, this embodiment has the following significant advantages: (1) By constructing a unified life-cycle accounting boundary, a standardized emission intensity accounting model, and a digital data quality and correction system, the accuracy, comparability, and auditability of marine fuel carbon intensity assessment have been significantly improved. Compared with accounting methods that only target combustion emissions or some upstream links, this embodiment covers the entire chain of emission calculations from raw material production, fuel processing, transportation and distribution, onboard bunkering to onboard combustion, realizing a complete Well-to-Wake life-cycle accounting framework that can comprehensively reflect the real differences in greenhouse gas emissions from different fuel pathways. Relying on detailed activity data and emission factor data, this embodiment can simultaneously handle accounting pathways for multiple fuel types such as fossil fuels, biomass fuels, and electrochemical fuels, ensuring consistency and comparability of accounting results under different fuel systems.

[0120] (2) By establishing a data quality level assessment system and an automatic correction mechanism, the credibility and transparency of lifecycle data are effectively improved. This system can perform source marking, quality scoring, and consistency verification on input data, and adjust the accounting results based on the GHG emission intensity correction formula to reduce deviations caused by missing data, unknown sources, or quality differences. When there is a lack of effective data or only low-quality raw data, a threshold control mechanism can be triggered to adopt default parameters such as conservative emission factors and increase the correction magnitude. At the same time, the results are marked with low confidence and their certification level is limited, thereby enhancing the robustness and usability of the results. In addition, by constructing a digital certification chain, core information such as raw material sources, energy consumption records, emission data, and processing paths are made traceable and tamper-proof.

[0121] (3) This embodiment constructs a unified processing mechanism for converting emission intensity calculation results into certified emission intensity. Based on the life cycle accounting results, a data quality assessment and rule-based correction process is introduced to uniformly process data from different sources, different accounting paths, and special emission scenarios, thereby forming a certified result with consistent calculation caliber. Compared with the method of directly outputting calculation results based solely on raw data, this embodiment realizes the conversion from "calculation results" to "standardized certified results," which can effectively avoid result deviations caused by differences in data quality, inconsistent understanding of system boundaries, or different emission processing methods, and significantly improve the comparability and consistency of results between different fuel paths.

[0122] In summary, the significant effects of this embodiment stem from its proposed unified lifecycle accounting method, data quality assessment system, GHG certification strength correction method, and digital verification process. These solutions address issues such as inconsistent assessment scopes, unstable data quality, inconsistent certification systems, and difficulties in cross-border mutual recognition, providing a solid technical foundation for the promotion, regulation, and international trade of green fuels in the shipping sector.

[0123] This application also provides an application scenario in which the above-described method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels is applied. Specifically, the method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels provided in this embodiment can be applied in a certification scenario. The certification scenario includes a certification stage and a presentation stage. The certification stage is used to generate a carbon intensity assessment report and a carbon intensity certification certificate, and the presentation stage is used to display the carbon intensity assessment report and carbon intensity certification certificate to users for their use. The method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels provided in this embodiment belongs to the certification stage.

[0124] Example 3 In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows. Figure 4As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores data. The I / O interfaces are used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communicating with external terminals via a network. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuel or a method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuel.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0126] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the marine fuel life cycle emission intensity calculation method in Embodiment 1 or the marine fuel life cycle emission intensity certification method in Embodiment 2.

[0127] Example 4 In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the marine fuel life-cycle emission intensity calculation method of Embodiment 1 or the marine fuel life-cycle emission intensity certification method of Embodiment 2.

[0128] Example 5 In one exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the marine fuel life-cycle emission intensity calculation method in Embodiment 1 or the marine fuel life-cycle emission intensity certification method in Embodiment 2.

[0129] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Moreover, the collection, use and processing of the relevant data are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the location is located, and with the authorization granted by the owner of the corresponding device.

[0130] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0131] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the emission intensity of marine fuels throughout their entire life cycle, characterized in that, The method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels includes: Obtain accounting data; the accounting data includes activity data from the entire process from raw material acquisition to marine fuel loading and bunkering, lower heating value, emission factor, fuel loss factor, emission conversion factor, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factor and emission credit; Based on activity data, lower heating value and emission factor of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and bunkering, the first GHG emission intensity of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and bunkering is calculated. The second GHG emission intensity of marine fuel combustion process is calculated based on lower heating value, fuel loss factor, emission conversion factor, global warming potential coefficient, carbon source factor and emission credit. Based on the first GHG emission intensity and the second GHG emission intensity, the total GHG emission intensity of marine fuel throughout its entire life cycle is calculated.

2. The method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the activity data, lower heating value, and emission factor of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and bunkering, the first GHG emission intensity of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and bunkering is calculated. Specifically, this includes: calculating the GHG emission amount of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and bunkering based on the activity data, lower heating value, and emission factor of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and bunkering; and calculating the first GHG emission intensity of the entire process from raw material acquisition to shipboard fuel loading and bunkering based on the GHG emission amount.

3. The method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels according to claim 2, characterized in that, If the marine fuel is fossil fuel, then the formula for calculating the first GHG emission intensity is: ； in, The highest GHG emission intensity; The intensity of GHG emissions generated during the raw material mining, acquisition, or recycling process; The intensity of GHG emissions generated during raw material processing; The intensity of GHG emissions generated during transportation, storage, and refueling; The intensity of GHG emissions from carbon dioxide capture and geological storage processes; ； in, This refers to the GHG emissions generated during the extraction of fossil fuels due to the natural release of geological gases. GHG emissions from fuel used in mining facilities; GHG emissions from the use of electricity for mining facilities; GHG emissions from auxiliary materials; GHG emissions that escape during facility operations in the mining or processing process; For marine fuel production; It has a low calorific value for marine fuel; ； in, GHG emissions generated from the use of electricity in the processing; GHG emissions generated from the heat produced by fuel used in the processing; GHG emissions from the use of hydrogen in the processing; This refers to GHG emissions generated by the processing and refining operations themselves. This refers to the total GHG emissions throughout the entire lifecycle of the material. This refers to the amount of GHG emitted due to leakage or escaping during the processing. GHG emissions generated from waste treatment during the processing; Net production allocated to marine fuel; ； in, GHG emissions generated during transportation; GHG emissions generated from energy consumption during the storage process; The amount of GHG emitted due to the energy consumed during the refueling process.

4. The method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels according to claim 2, characterized in that, If the marine fuel is biomass fuel, then the formula for calculating the first GHG emission intensity is: ； in, The highest GHG emission intensity; The intensity of GHG emissions generated during the planting, acquisition, or collection of raw materials; The intensity of GHG emissions from changes in carbon storage caused by direct land use change; The intensity of GHG emissions generated during raw material processing; The intensity of GHG emissions generated during transportation, storage, and refueling; To improve the intensity of GHG emissions from agricultural management; The intensity of GHG emissions from carbon dioxide capture and geological storage processes; ； in, This refers to the GHG emissions generated during the use of fertilizers in the raw material production process. This refers to the GHG emissions generated from the use of nitrous oxide during the raw material production process. This refers to the GHG emissions generated during the raw material sowing and production process. This refers to the GHG emissions generated during the use of fuel in the raw material production process. This refers to the GHG emissions generated from the use of electricity during the raw material production process. Annual production rate of raw materials; Dry raw materials The lower heating value; ； in, Land types related to reference land use patterns Carbon storage per unit area; Land types related to actual land use patterns Carbon storage per unit area; The coefficient for the conversion of carbon to carbon dioxide; The amount of GHG (non-carbon dioxide) emissions per hectare of biomass combustion; For the calculation period; For crop yield; ； in, GHG emissions generated from the use of electricity in the processing; GHG emissions generated from the heat produced by fuel used in the processing; GHG emissions generated from materials used in the processing; This refers to the GHG emissions generated from wastewater treatment during the processing. For product output; Dry raw materials The lower heating value; ； in, GHG emissions generated during transportation; GHG emissions generated from energy consumption during the storage process; The amount of GHG emitted due to energy consumption during the refueling process; For marine fuel production; It has a low calorific value for marine fuel; 。 5. The method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels according to claim 2, characterized in that, If the marine fuel is a non-biological renewable fuel and a renewable carbon fuel, then the formula for calculating the first GHG emission intensity is: in, The highest GHG emission intensity; GHG emission intensity for different types of inputs; The intensity of GHG emissions generated during raw material processing; The intensity of GHG emissions generated during transportation, storage, and refueling; The intensity of GHG emissions from carbon dioxide capture and geological storage processes; ； in, GHG emissions generated from the use of electricity in the RFNBO or RCF processing; GHG emissions generated from the use of heat energy in the RFNBO or RCF processing; GHG emissions from materials used in RFNBO or RCF processing; GHG emissions generated from waste produced during the processing of RFNBO or RCF; The GHG emissions generated by the CCS system during the RFNBO or RCF processing; The yield of fuel products obtained from the RFNBO or RCF processing process; The lower heating value of fuel products obtained from RFNBO or RCF processing; ； in, GHG emissions generated during transportation; GHG emissions generated from energy consumption during the storage process; GHG emissions generated from energy consumption during the refueling process; For marine fuel production; It has a low calorific value for marine fuel.

6. The method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the second GHG emission intensity is as follows: ； in, The second highest GHG emission intensity; It has a low calorific value for marine fuel; The fuel loss factor that escapes from the energy converter without being oxidized; The fuel loss factor is the fuel loss that escapes from the fuel tank to the energy converter and is lost in the system through leakage, venting, or other means. The CO2 emission conversion factor is the amount of fuel used at the point of consumption that is emitted during combustion. This represents the global warming potential coefficient for CO2. The CH4 emission conversion factor is the amount of fuel used at the point of consumption that is emitted during combustion. The global warming potential coefficient for CH4; The N2O emission conversion factor is the amount of fuel used at the point of consumption that is emitted during combustion. The global warming potential coefficient for N2O; The emission conversion factor represents the proportion of GHG in the fuel composition; The global warming potential coefficient of GHG in fuel composition; The carbon source factor used to determine whether emissions credits generated from fuel biomass growth should be included; Emissions credits generated from the growth of fuel biomass; The carbon source factor is used to determine whether emission credits generated from the production of synthetic fuels using captured CO2 as a carbon source are included in the fuel production process. Emission credits generated from the use of captured CO2 as a carbon source in the production of synthetic fuels during fuel production; Emission credits for carbon capture and storage when CO2 is captured on board.

7. A method for certifying the emission intensity of marine fuel throughout its entire life cycle, characterized in that, The method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels includes: Using the marine fuel life cycle emission intensity calculation method according to any one of claims 1-6, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity are calculated. The data used for accounting is subjected to quality inspection to determine the score of the data for each dimension. Based on the scores of the data for each dimension, a comprehensive score of the data for accounting is calculated. Based on the scores of the data for each dimension and the comprehensive score of the data for accounting, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity are corrected to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity. The dimensions include timeliness, regional applicability, technical representativeness, data source reliability, and verification completeness. Based on the accounting data, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, the total GHG emission intensity, the scores of the accounting data in each dimension, the comprehensive score of the accounting data, the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity, a carbon intensity assessment report is generated, and the carbon intensity assessment report is certified to obtain a carbon intensity certification certificate. Both the carbon intensity assessment report and the carbon intensity certification certificate are uploaded to the blockchain.

8. The method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the scores of the accounting data in each dimension and the comprehensive score of the accounting data, the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity are corrected to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity. Specifically, this includes: determining the value of the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula based on the scores of the accounting data in each dimension; using the comprehensive score of the accounting data and the value of the uncertainty coefficient in the correction formula as input; and using the correction formula to correct the first GHG emission intensity, the second GHG emission intensity, and the total GHG emission intensity respectively to obtain the first certified GHG emission intensity, the second certified GHG emission intensity, and the total certified GHG emission intensity. The correction formula is as follows: ； in, Certification of GHG emission intensity for marine fuels in stages or throughout their entire life cycle; GHG emission intensity for marine fuels in stages or throughout their entire life cycle; Here is the uncertainty coefficient; For the comprehensive score of the data used in the calculation; when For the first GHG emission intensity, then For the first certified GHG emission intensity, when For the second GHG emission intensity, then For the second certified GHG emission intensity, when For total GHG emission intensity, then For total certified GHG emission intensity.

9. A computer device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the marine fuel life cycle emission intensity calculation method according to any one of claims 1-6 or the marine fuel life cycle emission intensity certification method according to any one of claims 7-8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method for calculating the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels as described in any one of claims 1-6 or the method for certifying the life-cycle emission intensity of marine fuels as described in any one of claims 7-8.

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