Electronic device
By designing a reference ground plane and antenna unit in electronic devices, and utilizing a combination of feed point and resonant circuit, the increased cost and stability issues caused by switching were resolved, achieving the effects of multi-resonance and bandwidth expansion.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411898373.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
The current electronic devices adjust the communication frequency band by switching on and off, which increases manufacturing costs and affects communication stability.
By employing a reference ground plane and antenna unit design, and through the position design of the feed point and the connection of the resonant circuit, multiple resonances are achieved, reducing the dependence on switching, widening the communication bandwidth, and maintaining stable communication performance.
This has enabled the elimination of switches in electronic devices, reduced manufacturing costs, and improved the stability and bandwidth of communication frequency bands.
Smart Images
Figure CN122267496A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic technology, specifically to an electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] In related technologies, the antenna unit of an electronic device generates a single resonance, and the communication frequency band of the electronic device can be adjusted by switching it using a switch. However, the addition of a switch increases the manufacturing cost of the electronic device, and adjusting the communication frequency band by switching can easily affect the stability of communication. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This application provides an electronic device that eliminates the need for a switch and offers stable communication performance.
[0004] On one hand, this application provides an electronic device, including:
[0005] Reference floor, having at least one target area; and
[0006] An antenna unit includes an antenna radiator, a feed source, and a resonant circuit. The antenna radiator is spaced apart on one side of a reference ground plane. Each antenna radiator includes a first free end, a second free end, and a feed point. The feed point is electrically connected to the feed source, and the orthographic projection of the feed point on the reference ground plane is located in the target region. The feed source is used to excite the antenna radiator to generate a target resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, and to excite the reference ground plane to generate a target characteristic mode supporting the target frequency band under the coupling effect of the antenna radiator. The target characteristic mode forms a current-weak region in the target region. The resonant circuit is electrically connected between the feed point and the feed source. The resonant circuit is used to change the impedance matching state between the antenna radiator and the feed source, so that multiple impedance-matching resonant points are formed between the antenna radiator and the feed source in the target frequency band.
[0007] The electronic device provided in this application includes a reference ground plane and an antenna unit. The antenna unit includes an antenna radiator, a feed source, and a resonant circuit. The antenna radiators are spaced apart on one side of the reference ground plane. The antenna radiator includes a first free end, a second free end, and a feed point. The feed point is electrically connected to the feed source, and the orthographic projection of the feed point on the reference ground plane is located in the target region. The feed source is used to excite the antenna radiator to generate a target resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, and to excite the reference ground plane to generate a target characteristic mode supporting the target frequency band under the coupling effect of the antenna radiator. The target characteristic mode forms a current weak region in the target region. In this way, by designing the position of the feed point of the antenna radiator, the reference ground plane participates in the radiation to a greater extent, which facilitates the miniaturization of the antenna radiator. The resonant circuit is electrically connected between the feed point and the feed source. The resonant circuit is used to change the impedance matching state between the antenna radiator and the feed source, so that multiple impedance matching resonant points are formed between the antenna radiator and the feed source in the target frequency band. In this way, by introducing the resonant circuit, the resonance of the electronic device is increased, that is, multiple resonances are achieved, which is beneficial to broaden the communication bandwidth of the electronic device, and there is no need to set up a switch to increase the communication frequency band, which can achieve the purpose of eliminating the switch and stabilizing the communication performance. Attached Figure Description
[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.
[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0010] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic plan view of a reference ground plane and antenna unit in the electronic device shown;
[0011] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the current distribution when the reference ground in the electronic device generates the target characteristic mode;
[0012] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a circuit connection for an antenna unit in the electronic device shown.
[0013] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the circuit connection when the first inductive device in the antenna unit includes an inductor and the first capacitive device includes a capacitor.
[0014] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The Smith chart and return loss curve of the electronic device shown are shown when the first inductive device and the first capacitive device are not installed.
[0015] Figure 7 for Figure 4 The Smith chart and return loss curve of the electronic device shown are provided when the first inductive device and the first capacitive device are configured.
[0016] Figure 8 for Figure 2 Another circuit connection diagram of the antenna unit in the electronic device shown;
[0017] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the circuit connection when the second inductive device in the antenna unit includes an inductor and the second capacitive device includes a capacitor.
[0018] Figure 10 for Figure 8 The Smith chart and return loss curve of the electronic device shown are shown when no second inductive device and no second capacitive device are installed.
[0019] Figure 11 for Figure 8 The Smith chart and return loss curve of the electronic device shown are provided when the second inductive device and the second capacitive device are installed.
[0020] Figure 12 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another circuit connection for the antenna unit in the electronic device shown.
[0021] Figure 13 for Figure 2 The diagram shows another circuit connection of the antenna unit in the electronic device shown.
[0022] Figure 14 for Figure 13 The diagram shows the circuit connection when the first sub-resonant circuit of the antenna unit includes a capacitor and an inductor, and the second sub-resonant circuit includes a capacitor and an inductor.
[0023] Figure 15 for Figure 4 The diagram shown illustrates the circuit connection when the antenna unit also includes a fourth inductive device.
[0024] Figure 16 for Figure 15 The diagram shows the circuit connection when there are multiple fourth inductive devices in the antenna unit shown.
[0025] Figure 17 for Figure 16 The diagram shown illustrates the circuit connection when the antenna unit also includes a fifth inductive device.
[0026] Figure 18 Smith charts for single and double resonances when the target frequency band is at a low frequency.
[0027] Figure 19 This is a graph showing the return loss and efficiency when the target frequency band is at a low frequency.
[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0029] Electronic device 100; reference ground 20; antenna element 10; antenna radiator 101; feed 102; resonant circuit 103; target area 21; first side 201; second side 202; third side 203; fourth side 204; first radiating section 110; second radiating section 112; first free end 11; second free end 12; feed point 13; first inductive device 130; first capacitive device 131; second inductive device 132; second capacitive device 133; first sub-resonant circuit 134; second sub-resonant circuit 135; fourth inductive device 104; first sub-inductive device 140; second sub-inductive device 141; fifth inductive device 105. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions provided in this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in this application are only a part of the embodiments, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.
[0031] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.
[0032] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, an assembly or device that includes one or more components is not limited to the one or more components listed, but may optionally include one or more components not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more components that it should have based on the described function. Additionally, the terms "end" and "point" in the specification and claims of this application may indicate a small segment relative to the radiator or branch as a whole; that is, "end" should not be narrowly interpreted as an end point, and "point" should not be narrowly interpreted as a single point.
[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 This is a schematic plan view of a reference ground plane 20 and an antenna element 10 in an electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 can be a mobile phone, tablet, watch, drone, robot, or other device with communication capabilities. In this embodiment, a mobile phone is used as an example. The electronic device 100 includes a reference ground plane 20 and an antenna element 10. The antenna element 10 includes an antenna radiator 101, a feed 102, and a resonant circuit 103.
[0034] Reference ground 20 refers to the portion of electronic device 100 that is considered conductive ground and is not affected by any grounding configuration. The relative potential of reference ground 20 is zero. In embodiments of this application, reference ground 20 may include the metal of the frame, the ground plane of the circuit board, conductive components electrically connected to the metal of the frame or the ground plane of the circuit board, etc.
[0035] The reference floor 20 has at least one target area 21. This application does not specifically limit the number of target areas 21 of the reference floor 20. Exemplarily, the reference floor 20 may have one, two, three, or four target areas 21.
[0036] In one possible embodiment, the reference floor 20 is generally rectangular. The reference floor 20 includes a first side 201, a second side 202, a third side 203, and a fourth side 204 connected end-to-end. The length of the first side 201 is the same as the length of the third side 203, and the length of the second side 202 is the same as the length of the fourth side 204. In this embodiment, the first side 201 and the third side 203 correspond to the shorter sides of the electronic device 100, i.e., the horizontal direction of the electronic device 100, and the second side 202 and the fourth side 204 correspond to the longer sides of the electronic device 100, i.e., the vertical direction of the electronic device 100. It is understood that the lengths of the first side 201 and the third side 203 are relatively short, while the lengths of the second side 202 and the fourth side 204 are relatively long. Optionally, the lengths of the first side 201 and the third side 203 can range from 50mm to 90mm, and the lengths of the second side 202 and the fourth side 204 can range from 130mm to 180mm. Among them, one of the first side 201 and the second side 202 is located at or near the bottom edge of the electronic device 100, and the other is located at or near the top edge of the electronic device 100; one of the second side 202 and the fourth side 204 is located at or near the left edge of the electronic device 100, and the other is located at or near the right edge of the electronic device 100.
[0037] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 for Figure 1The diagram shows the current distribution when the reference ground 20 generates a target characteristic pattern in the electronic device 100. The reference ground 20 may have four target regions 21. Specifically, a first target region is formed near the bend connection of the first side 201 and the second side 202, a second target region is formed near the bend connection of the second side 202 and the third side 203, a third target region is formed near the bend connection of the third side 203 and the fourth side 204, and a fourth target region is formed near the bend connection of the fourth side 204 and the first side 201.
[0038] This application does not specifically limit the size of the target area 21. In one possible embodiment, the area where a circle centered on the connection point of the first side 201 and the second side 202, or the intersection of the extension lines of the first side 201 and the second side 202, and with a radius of 1 / 16 wavelength of the communication frequency band of the electronic device 100, coincides with the reference floor 20 is the first target area. Similarly, the area where a circle centered on the connection point of the second side 202 and the third side 203, or the intersection of the extension lines of the second side 202 and the third side 203, and with a radius of 1 / 16 wavelength of the communication frequency band of the electronic device 100, coincides with the reference floor 20 is the second target area; and the area where a circle centered on the connection point of the third side 203 and the fourth side 204, or the intersection of the extension lines of the third side 203 and the fourth side 204, coincides with the reference floor 20 is the second target area; The third target region is defined as the area centered on the reference ground plane 20 and with a radius equal to 1 / 16 wavelength of the communication frequency band of the electronic device 100. Similarly, the fourth target region is defined as the area centered on the connection point between the fourth side 204 and the first side 201, or the intersection of the extensions of the fourth side 204 and the first side 201, and with a radius equal to 1 / 16 wavelength of the communication frequency band of the electronic device 100. In this application, the communication frequency band of the electronic device 100 is the target frequency band.
[0039] The antenna radiator 101 is a conductor with specific dimensions. The material of the antenna radiator 101 includes, but is not limited to, metal or alloy. The shape of the antenna radiator 101 includes, but is not limited to, strip, sheet, rod, coated, or thin film. The extension method of the antenna radiator 101 includes, but is not limited to, straight extension, curved extension, or bent extension. The width of the antenna radiator 101 can be uniform, gradually changing, or abrupt. The antenna radiator 101 can be a built-in radiator or an external radiator. When the antenna radiator 101 is a built-in radiator, its form includes, but is not limited to, a radiator formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a radiator formed by laser direct forming (LDS), or a radiator formed by print direct forming (PDS). When the antenna radiator 101 is an external radiator, its form includes, but is not limited to, a radiator with a metal frame.
[0040] The feed 102 is electrically connected to the RF chip and the antenna radiator 101. The feed 102 receives the RF current provided by the RF chip to excite the antenna radiator 101 to generate a corresponding resonant current. The feed 102 and the RF chip can be directly or indirectly electrically connected. For example, the feed 102 and the RF chip can be directly electrically connected by soldering, or indirectly connected by at least one electrical connector such as a coaxial cable, microstrip line, conductive spring, conductive adhesive, or circuit board. In this embodiment, the RF chip is mounted on a circuit board and provides RF current. The feed 102 can be understood as being mounted on the circuit board and located near the port of the antenna radiator 101, with the feed 102 indirectly electrically connected to the RF chip. The method of mounting the RF chip on the circuit board includes, but is not limited to, the RF chip being directly molded onto the circuit board, or the RF chip being molded and then fixed onto the circuit board. The feed 102 and the RF chip can be located on the same circuit board or on different circuit boards.
[0041] The antenna radiators 101 are spaced apart on one side of the reference floor 20. This application does not specifically limit the spacing between the antenna radiators 101 and the reference floor 20. In one possible embodiment, the antenna radiators 101 may be spaced apart on one side of the reference floor 20. Optionally, the antenna radiators 101 may be spaced apart on the side of the first side 201 of the reference floor 20 that faces away from the third side 203; or, the antenna radiators 101 may be spaced apart on the side of the second side 202 of the reference floor 20 that faces away from the fourth side 204; or, the antenna radiators 101 may be spaced apart on the side of the third side 203 of the reference floor 20 that faces away from the first side 201; or, the antenna radiators 101 may be spaced apart on the side of the fourth side 204 of the reference floor 20 that faces away from the second side 202.
[0042] In another possible embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the antenna radiator 101 may include a first radiating segment 110 and a second radiating segment 112 that are bent and connected. The first radiating segment 110 and the second radiating segment 112 may be respectively spaced apart on one side of two adjacent sides of the reference ground 20. Optionally, the first radiating segment 110 is spaced apart on the side of the first side 201 of the reference ground 20 that faces away from the third side 203, and the second radiating segment 112 is spaced apart on the side of the second side 202 of the reference ground 20 that faces away from the fourth side 204; or, the first radiating segment 110 is spaced apart on the side of the first side 201 of the reference ground 20 that faces away from the third side 203, and the second radiating segment 112 is spaced apart on the side of the fourth side 204 of the reference ground 20 that faces away from the second side 202. Alternatively, the first radiating segment 110 is spaced apart on the third side 203 of the reference floor 20, away from the first side 201, and the second radiating segment 112 is spaced apart on the second side 202 of the reference floor 20, away from the fourth side 204; or, the first radiating segment 110 is spaced apart on the third side 203 of the reference floor 20, away from the first side 201, and the second radiating segment 112 is spaced apart on the fourth side 204 of the reference floor 20, away from the second side 202.
[0043] The antenna radiator 101 includes a first free end 11, a second free end 12, and a feed point 13. The feed point 13 is electrically connected to the feed source 102, and the orthographic projection of the feed point 13 on the reference ground 20 is located in the target region 21.
[0044] The first free end 11 is one end of the antenna radiator 101 along its extension direction. The second free end 12 is the other end of the antenna radiator 101 along its extension direction. The first free end 11 and the second free end 12 are in an open-circuit state. Optionally, the feed point 13 is located at the first free end 11; or, the feed point 13 is located at the second free end 12; or, the feed point 13 is located between the first free end 11 and the second free end 12. The feed point 13 is provided corresponding to the target area 21 of the reference ground 20. It is understood that the feed points 13 are spaced apart on one side of the target area 21. In embodiments where the reference ground 20 has a first target area 21, a second target area 21, a third target area 21, and a fourth target area 21, the orthographic projection of the feed point 13 on the reference ground 20 can be located in any one of the first target area 21, the second target area 21, the third target area 21, and the fourth target area 21. In this application, the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 are electrically connected through the resonant circuit 103, that is, the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 are indirectly electrically connected.
[0045] The feed source 102 is used to excite the antenna radiator 101 to generate a target resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, and to excite the reference ground plane 20 to generate a target characteristic mode supporting the target frequency band under the coupling effect of the antenna radiator 101. The target characteristic mode forms a current-weak region in the target region 21.
[0046] Understandably, in communication scenarios operating in the target frequency band, both the antenna radiator 101 and the reference ground 20 contribute radiation. In one possible embodiment, in such scenarios, the reference ground 20 may contribute the majority of the radiation, while the antenna radiator 101 contributes a minor portion. By having the reference ground 20 contribute or contribute the majority of the radiation, the proportion of radiated energy from the antenna radiator 101 is reduced. This minimizes the impact on radiation performance when reducing the size of the antenna radiator 101, thereby facilitating miniaturization of the antenna radiator 101 while maintaining communication performance.
[0047] In this case, when the target characteristic mode forms a weak current region in the target region 21 and the orthogonal projection of the feed point 13 on the reference ground 20 is located in the target region 21, capacitive coupling is formed between the antenna radiator 101 and the reference ground 20. That is, the antenna radiator 101 can excite the reference ground 20 at the point where the current of the target characteristic mode is minimum and the electric field is maximum. This is highly feasible and requires a small coupling size. The target characteristic mode excited at this time is a longitudinal characteristic mode, which can better excite the longitudinal current of the reference ground 20. Since the longitudinal dimension of the reference ground 20 in the mobile phone is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of low frequency, better excitation of the longitudinal current of the reference ground 20 can realize the miniaturization of the antenna radiator 101 that supports low frequency communication.
[0048] In one possible embodiment, the target resonant mode can be a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the target frequency band, and the target characteristic mode can be a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the target frequency band.
[0049] The resonant circuit 103 can be a circuit composed of a resistor R, an inductor L, and a capacitor C, i.e., an RLC resonant circuit, or it can be a circuit composed of an inductor L and a capacitor C, i.e., an LC resonant circuit. The resonant circuit 103 is electrically connected between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102. The resonant circuit 103 is used to change the impedance matching state between the antenna radiator 101 and the feed source 102, so that multiple impedance matching resonant points are formed between the antenna radiator 101 and the feed source 102 in the target frequency band.
[0050] In this embodiment, the resonant circuit 103 can be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the feed point 13, and the resonant circuit 103 can be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the feed source 102. The resonant circuit 103 can be connected in series between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, or it can be connected in parallel between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102. In the embodiment where the resonant circuit 103 is connected in series between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, one end of the resonant circuit is electrically connected to the feed point 13, and the other end is electrically connected to the feed source 102. In the embodiment where the resonant circuit 103 is connected in parallel between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, one end of the resonant circuit 103 is electrically connected between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, and the other end is grounded. In this embodiment, grounding can be understood as a direct or indirect electrical connection to the reference ground 20, which will not be elaborated further.
[0051] Understandably, in this application, the resonant circuit 103 is used to increase the impedance matching resonant points between the antenna radiator 101 and the feed 102. By forming multiple impedance matching resonant points between the antenna radiator 101 and the feed 102 in the target frequency band, the electronic device 100 can generate multiple resonances in the target frequency band, thereby widening the bandwidth of the electronic device 100 in the target frequency band and improving communication performance.
[0052] The electronic device 100 provided in this application includes a reference ground plane 20 and an antenna unit 10. The antenna unit 10 includes an antenna radiator 101, a feed 102, and a resonant circuit 103. The antenna radiators 101 are spaced apart on one side of the reference ground plane 20. Each antenna radiator 101 includes a first free end 11, a second free end 12, and a feed point 13. The feed point 13 is electrically connected to the feed 102, and its orthographic projection on the reference ground plane 20 is located in the target region 21. The feed 102 is used to excite the antenna radiator 101 to generate a target resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, and to excite the reference ground plane 20 to generate a target characteristic mode supporting the target frequency band under the coupling effect of the antenna radiator 101. The target characteristic mode forms a current in the target region 21. In the weak region, by designing the position of the feed point 13 of the antenna radiator 101, the reference ground plane 20 participates in the radiation to a greater extent, which facilitates the miniaturization of the antenna radiator 101. The resonant circuit 103 is electrically connected between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102. The resonant circuit 103 is used to change the impedance matching state between the antenna radiator 101 and the feed source 102, so that multiple impedance matching resonant points are formed between the antenna radiator 101 and the feed source 102 in the target frequency band. In this way, by introducing the resonant circuit 103, the resonance of the electronic device 100 is increased, that is, multiple resonances are realized, which is beneficial to widening the communication bandwidth of the electronic device 100, and there is no need to set up a switch to increase the communication frequency band, which can achieve the purpose of eliminating the switch and stabilizing the communication performance.
[0053] In one possible embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 for Figure 2 A circuit connection diagram of the antenna unit 10 in the electronic device 100 shown. Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows a circuit connection when the first inductive device 130 in the antenna element 10 includes an inductor and the first capacitive device 131 includes a capacitor. The resonant circuit 103 includes the first inductive device 130 connected in parallel between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 and the first capacitive device 131 connected in parallel between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102.
[0054] Specifically, one end of the first inductive device 130 is electrically connected between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, and the other end of the first inductive device 130 is grounded. One end of the first capacitive device 131 is electrically connected between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, and the other end of the first capacitive device 131 is grounded. The positions of the first inductive device 130 and the first capacitive device 131 connected between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 are not restricted. Optionally, the position of the first inductive device 130 connected between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 is designated as the first position, and the position of the first capacitive device 131 connected between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 is designated as the second position. The feed source 102, the second position, the first position, and the feed point 13 can be arranged sequentially, or the feed source 102, the first position, the second position, and the feed point 13 can be arranged sequentially.
[0055] The first inductive device 130 exhibits inductive characteristics within the target frequency band. It is understood that the first inductive device 130 includes at least one inductive element, including but not limited to a single inductive element, or multiple inductive elements connected in series, or multiple inductive elements connected in parallel, or an inductive element connected in series with a capacitive element, or an inductive element connected in parallel with a capacitive element, etc. The first capacitive device 131 exhibits capacitive characteristics within the target frequency band. It is understood that the first capacitive device 131 includes at least one capacitive element, including but not limited to a single capacitive element, or multiple capacitive elements connected in series, or multiple capacitive elements connected in parallel, or a capacitive element connected in series with an inductive element, or a capacitive element connected in parallel with an inductive element, etc.
[0056] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 for Figure 4 The Smith chart and return loss curve of the electronic device 100 shown are provided when the first inductive device 130 and the first capacitive device 131 are not installed. Figure 7 for Figure 4 The illustrated electronic device 100 has a Smith chart and return loss curve when the first inductive device 130 and the first capacitive device 131 are configured. From... Figure 6 and Figure 7As can be seen from the Smith chart, by including a first inductive device 130 connected in parallel between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 in the resonant circuit 103, the upper half-circle of the impedance circle in the Smith chart of the electronic device 100 can rotate counterclockwise around the matching point (point 3 in the Smith chart). By including a first capacitive device 131 connected in parallel between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 in the resonant circuit 103, the lower half-circle of the impedance circle in the Smith chart of the electronic device 100 can rotate clockwise around the matching point. Thus, the lower half-circle and the upper half-circle form an intersection point on the purely resistive line, exhibiting an increase in impedance matching resonant points. Correspondingly, in the corresponding return loss curve, the number of resonant points increases, and the single resonance in the accompanying drawings of this application changes to a double resonance. In short, both theoretical derivation and simulation results show that after setting the first inductive device 130 and the first capacitive device 131 in parallel between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, the number of resonant points of the electronic device 100 increases, thus the bandwidth of the electronic device 100 can be widened, and it can support multi-band communication at the same time.
[0057] In another possible embodiment, please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 8 for Figure 2 Another circuit connection diagram of the antenna unit 10 in the electronic device 100 shown. Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows a circuit connection when the second inductive device 132 in the antenna element 10 includes an inductor and the second capacitive device 133 includes a capacitor. The resonant circuit 103 includes the second inductive device 132 connected in series between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 and the second capacitive device 133 connected in series between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102.
[0058] Specifically, one end of the second inductive device 132 is electrically connected to the feed point 13, and the other end of the second inductive device 132 is electrically connected to the feed source 102. One end of the second capacitive device 133 is electrically connected to the feed point 13, and the other end of the second capacitive device 133 is electrically connected to the feed source 102. The connection order of the second inductive device 132 and the second capacitive device 133 between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 is not restricted. Optionally, the feed source 102, the second inductive device 132, the second capacitive device 133, and the feed point 13 can be electrically connected sequentially, or the feed source 102, the second capacitive device 133, the second inductive device 132, and the feed point 13 can be electrically connected sequentially.
[0059] The second inductive device 132 exhibits inductive characteristics within the target frequency band. It is understood that the second inductive device 132 includes at least one inductive element, including but not limited to a single inductive element, or multiple inductive elements connected in series, or multiple inductive elements connected in parallel, or an inductive element connected in series with a capacitive element, or an inductive element connected in parallel with a capacitive element. The second capacitive device 133 exhibits capacitive characteristics within the target frequency band. It is understood that the second capacitive device 133 includes at least one capacitive element, including but not limited to a single capacitive element, or multiple capacitive elements connected in series, or multiple capacitive elements connected in parallel, or a capacitive element connected in series with an inductive element, or a capacitive element connected in parallel with an inductive element.
[0060] Please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 10 for Figure 8 The Smith chart and return loss curve of the electronic device 100 shown are provided without the second inductive device 132 and the second capacitive device 133. Figure 11 for Figure 8 The illustrated electronic device 100 has a Smith chart and return loss curve when the second inductive device 132 and the second capacitive device 133 are configured. From... Figure 10 and Figure 11 As can be seen from the Smith chart, by including a second inductive device 132 connected in series between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 in the resonant circuit 103, the upper half-circle of the impedance circle in the Smith chart of the electronic device 100 can rotate clockwise around the matching point. By including a second capacitive device 133 connected in series between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 in the resonant circuit 103, the lower half-circle of the impedance circle in the Smith chart of the electronic device 100 can rotate counterclockwise around the matching point. Thus, the lower and upper half-circles intersect on the purely resistive line, resulting in an increase in the number of impedance matching resonant points. Correspondingly, in the corresponding return loss curve, the number of resonant points increases, and the diagram in this application changes from a single resonance to a double resonance. In short, both theoretical derivation and simulation results show that after setting a second inductive device 132 and a second capacitive device 133 in series between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, the number of resonant points of the electronic device 100 increases, thus the bandwidth of the electronic device 100 can be widened, and it can support multi-band communication at the same time.
[0061] In the third possible embodiment, please refer to Figures 12 to 14 , Figure 12 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another circuit connection of the antenna unit 10 in the electronic device 100 shown. Figure 13 for Figure 2 The diagram shows another circuit connection of the antenna unit 10 in the electronic device 100. Figure 14 for Figure 13The diagram shows the circuit connection when the first sub-resonant circuit 134 in the antenna element 10 includes a capacitor and an inductor, and the second sub-resonant circuit 135 includes a capacitor and an inductor. The resonant circuit 103 includes a first sub-resonant circuit 134 connected in series between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, and a second sub-resonant circuit 135 connected in parallel between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102. One of the first sub-resonant circuit 134 and the second sub-resonant circuit 135 is capacitive, and the other is inductive.
[0062] Specifically, one end of the first sub-resonant circuit 134 is electrically connected to the feed point 13, and the other end of the first sub-resonant circuit 134 is electrically connected to the feed source 102. One end of the second sub-resonant circuit 135 is electrically connected between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, and the other end of the second sub-resonant circuit 135 is grounded. The connection order of the first sub-resonant circuit 134 and the second sub-resonant circuit 135 between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 is not restricted. Optionally, the feed source 102, the first sub-resonant circuit 134, the second sub-resonant circuit 135, and the feed point 13 can be electrically connected sequentially, or the feed source 102, the second sub-resonant circuit 135, the first sub-resonant circuit 134, and the feed point 13 can be electrically connected sequentially.
[0063] In an embodiment where the first sub-resonant circuit 134 is capacitive and the second sub-resonant circuit 135 is inductive, the first sub-resonant circuit 134 exhibits capacitive characteristics within the target frequency band, and the second sub-resonant circuit 135 exhibits inductive characteristics within the target frequency band. In this embodiment, the first sub-resonant circuit 134 includes at least one capacitive element, including but not limited to a single capacitive element, a series connection of multiple capacitive elements, a parallel connection of multiple capacitive elements, a series connection of a capacitive element and an inductive element, or a parallel connection of a capacitive element and an inductive element. The second sub-resonant circuit 135 includes at least one inductive element, including but not limited to a single inductive element, a series connection of multiple inductive elements, a parallel connection of multiple inductive elements, a series connection of a capacitive element and an inductive element, or a parallel connection of a capacitive element and an inductive element.
[0064] In an embodiment where the first sub-resonant circuit 134 is inductive and the second sub-resonant circuit 135 is capacitive, the first sub-resonant circuit 134 exhibits inductive characteristics within the target frequency band, and the second sub-resonant circuit 135 exhibits capacitive characteristics within the target frequency band. In this embodiment, the first sub-resonant circuit 134 includes at least one inductive element, including but not limited to a single inductive element, a series connection of multiple inductive elements, a parallel connection of multiple inductive elements, a series connection of an inductive element and a capacitive element, or a parallel connection of an inductive element and a capacitive element. The second sub-resonant circuit 135 includes at least one capacitive element, including but not limited to a single capacitive element, a series connection of multiple capacitive elements, a parallel connection of multiple capacitive elements, a series connection of a capacitive element and an inductive element, or a parallel connection of a capacitive element and an inductive element.
[0065] By including a first sub-resonant circuit 134 connected in series between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 and a second sub-resonant circuit 135 connected in parallel between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, the resonant circuit 103 has a more complex structure. Any change in any component in the resonant circuit 103 will affect the impedance matching state between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102. Therefore, it can be better suited for improving communication performance in complex environments.
[0066] In one possible embodiment, the resonant circuit 103 is used to form two impedance-matched resonant points between the antenna radiator 101 and the feed source 102 in the target frequency band.
[0067] Understandably, the return loss curve of the resonant circuit 103 has two resonant waves in the target frequency band. In this embodiment, the number of impedance matching resonant points is two, which can ensure good radiation efficiency while widening the bandwidth of the communication frequency band.
[0068] Furthermore, such as Figure 15 As shown, Figure 15 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the circuit connection when the antenna unit 10 further includes a fourth sensing device 104. The antenna unit 10 also includes at least one fourth sensing device 104, which is connected in series between the feed point 13 and the resonant circuit 103. The fourth sensing device 104 is used to compensate for the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator 101.
[0069] The fourth inductive device 104 exhibits inductive characteristics within the target frequency band. It is understood that the fourth inductive device 104 includes at least one inductive element, including but not limited to a single inductive element, a series connection of multiple inductive elements, a parallel connection of multiple inductive elements, a series connection of a capacitor element and an inductive element, or a parallel connection of a capacitor element and an inductive element. This embodiment does not specifically limit the number of fourth inductive devices 104. Exemplarily, the number of fourth inductive devices 104 can be one or more. In embodiments where the number of fourth inductive devices 104 is multiple, it includes, but is not limited to, two, three, or four, etc. One end of the fourth inductive device 104 is electrically connected to the feed point 13, and the other end of the fourth inductive device 104 is electrically connected to the resonant circuit 103. It is understood that the feed point 13, the fourth inductive device 104, the resonant circuit 103, and the feed source 102 are sequentially electrically connected.
[0070] By setting a fourth inductive device 104 to compensate for the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator 101, the physical length of the antenna radiator 101 can be reduced without significantly affecting communication performance, thereby achieving miniaturization of the antenna radiator 101.
[0071] In one possible embodiment, such as Figure 16As shown, there are multiple fourth inductive devices 104. This embodiment uses two fourth inductive devices 104 as an example, which are described below as a first sub-inductive device 140 and a second sub-inductive device 141. The first sub-inductive device 140 exhibits inductive characteristics within the target frequency band. It is understood that the first sub-inductive device 140 includes at least one inductive element, including but not limited to a single inductive element, or multiple inductive elements connected in series, or multiple inductive elements connected in parallel, or a capacitor element connected in series with an inductive element, or a capacitor element connected in parallel with an inductive element. The second sub-inductive device 141 exhibits inductive characteristics within the target frequency band. It is understood that the second sub-inductive device 141 includes at least one inductive element, including but not limited to a single inductive element, or multiple inductive elements connected in series, or multiple inductive elements connected in parallel, or a capacitor element connected in series with an inductive element, or a capacitor element connected in parallel with an inductive element. In this embodiment, the feed point 13, the first sub-inductor 140, the second sub-inductor 141, the resonant circuit 103, and the feed source 102 are electrically connected in sequence. The inductance of the first sub-inductor 140 and the inductance of the second sub-inductor 141 can be different; that is, the compensation effect of the first sub-inductor 140 on the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator 101 is different from the compensation effect of the second sub-inductor 141 on the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator 101. Optionally, in the embodiment where the feed point 13, the first sub-inductor 140, the second sub-inductor 141, the resonant circuit 103, and the feed source 102 are electrically connected in sequence, the inductance of the first sub-inductor 140 is greater than the inductance of the second sub-inductor 141.
[0072] In some communication scenarios, after the length of the antenna radiator 101 is reduced, the effect of a single fourth sensing device 104 in compensating for the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator 101 is insufficient. By increasing the number of fourth sensing devices 104, the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator 101 can be further compensated, thereby achieving miniaturization of the antenna radiator 101 while maintaining the original communication performance.
[0073] In one possible embodiment, such as Figure 17 As shown, Figure 17 for Figure 16 The diagram shows the circuit connection when the antenna unit 10 further includes a fifth sensing device 105. The antenna unit 10 further includes a fifth sensing device 105, which is connected in parallel between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102. The fifth sensing device 105 is used to adjust the frequency of the impedance matching resonant point.
[0074] The fifth inductive device 105 exhibits inductive characteristics within the target frequency band. It is understood that the fifth inductive device 105 includes at least one inductive element, including but not limited to a single inductive element, a series connection of multiple inductive elements, a parallel connection of multiple inductive elements, a series connection of a capacitor element and an inductive element, or a parallel connection of a capacitor element and an inductive element. The number of fifth inductive devices 105 can be one. One end of the fifth inductive device 105 is electrically connected between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102, and the other end of the fifth inductive device 105 is grounded. Optionally, in embodiments where the antenna unit 10 includes a fourth inductive device 104, and the fourth inductive device 104 includes a first sub-inductive device 140 and a second sub-inductive device 141, one end of the fifth inductive device 105 can be electrically connected between the first sub-inductive device 140 and the second sub-inductive device 141, or one end of the fifth inductive device 105 can be electrically connected between the second sub-inductive device 141 and the resonant circuit 103.
[0075] Due to the introduction of resonant circuit 103, fourth inductive device 104, etc., while realizing multi-impedance matching resonant point and equivalent electrical length compensation of antenna radiator 101, a certain frequency offset will be caused. Therefore, by including fifth inductive device 105 in antenna element 10, the frequency offset situation can be improved, enabling electronic device 100 to better support communication in the target frequency band.
[0076] In one possible embodiment, the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator 101 is greater than or equal to 1 / 32 of the wavelength of the target frequency band, and less than or equal to 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band.
[0077] In this embodiment, considering the miniaturization requirement of the antenna radiator 101, the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator 101 is selected to be less than or equal to 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. Simultaneously, considering that replacing the physical length of the antenna radiator 101 with a fourth inductive device 104 would introduce significant energy loss, the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator 101 is designed to be greater than or equal to 1 / 32 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. In short, the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator 101 being greater than or equal to 1 / 32 of the wavelength of the target frequency band and less than or equal to 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band allows for a smaller size of the antenna radiator 101 and reduces energy loss.
[0078] The equivalent electrical length described in this application Satisfying the relation: Where L is the physical length of the antenna radiator 101, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the free scene. In this application, the physical length of the antenna radiator 101 can be understood as the dimension between the first free end 11 and the second free end 12.
[0079] In one possible embodiment, the target frequency band is located in a low-frequency range. Low frequencies include bands less than 1 GHz. For example, low frequencies may include the 4G B5 band (uplink 824MHz–849MHz; downlink 869MHz–894MHz), B8 band (uplink 880MHz–915MHz; downlink 925MHz–960MHz), B20 band (uplink 832MHz–862MHz; downlink 791MHz–821MHz), B28 band (uplink 703MHz–748MHz; downlink 758MHz–803MHz); and the 5G N5 band (uplink 824MHz–849MHz; downlink 859MHz–894MHz). The bands include N8 (894MHz), N13 (777MHz-787MHz), N20 (832MHz-862MHz), N26 (814MHz-849MHz), and N28 (703MHz-748MHz).
[0080] Optionally, the target frequency band may include at least one of the following: B5, B8, B20, B28, N5, N8, N13, N20, N26, and N28. In one possible embodiment, the target frequency band may include B5, B8, and B28.
[0081] Because low-frequency wavelengths are longer, the radiators supporting low-frequency communication need to be designed to be longer, typically 2 to 8 times, or even more than 8 times, the length of other mid- to high-frequency radiators. Therefore, by placing the target frequency band at a low frequency and reducing the size of the antenna radiator 101, it is more conducive to saving space and facilitating the placement of more antennas in the electronic device 100.
[0082] Please refer to Figure 18 and Figure 19 , Figure 18 The Smith charts for single and double resonances when the target frequency band is at a low frequency. Figure 19 This is a graph showing the return loss and efficiency when the target frequency band is at a low frequency. Figure 18 Curve a1 represents the Smith impedance circle under single resonance, and curve a2 represents the Smith impedance circle under double resonance. Figure 19 Curve a3 represents the return loss curve under single resonance, and curve a4 represents the return loss curve under dual resonance. Figure 19Curve a5 represents the radiation efficiency under single resonance, and curve a6 represents the radiation efficiency under double resonance. Figure 19 Curve a7 is the system efficiency curve under single resonance, and curve a8 is the system efficiency curve under double resonance. Figure 18 and Figure 19 As can be seen, the design of the resonant circuit 103 enables two impedance matching resonant points to be formed between the feed point 13 and the feed source 102 of the electronic device 100 in the target frequency band. One impedance matching resonant point is located near 0.7GHz, and the other impedance matching resonant point is located near 0.96GHz. Under dual resonance, the electronic device 100 has good radiation efficiency, and the system efficiency is also improved compared to the single resonance system efficiency. Specifically, in the B8 frequency band, the system efficiency under single resonance is -14.2dB, and the system efficiency under dual resonance is -11.5dB, an improvement of about 2.7dB. In the B5 frequency band, the system efficiency under single resonance is -8.5dB, and the system efficiency under dual resonance is -11.5dB. In the B28 frequency band, the system efficiency under single resonance is -14.5dB, and the system efficiency under dual resonance is -10.5dB, an improvement of about 4dB. Since the system efficiency takes into account the influence of the NFC antenna in the electronic device 100, the improvement in communication performance will be more significant under ideal conditions.
[0083] The features mentioned above in the specification, claims, and drawings can be arbitrarily combined with each other, provided they are meaningful within the scope of this application. Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application, and such improvements and refinements are also considered to be within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A reference floor, having at least one target area; and An antenna unit includes an antenna radiator, a feed source, and a resonant circuit. The antenna radiator is spaced apart on one side of a reference ground plane. Each antenna radiator includes a first free end, a second free end, and a feed point. The feed point is electrically connected to the feed source, and the orthographic projection of the feed point on the reference ground plane is located in the target region. The feed source is used to excite the antenna radiator to generate a target resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, and to excite the reference ground plane to generate a target characteristic mode supporting the target frequency band under the coupling effect of the antenna radiator. The target characteristic mode forms a current-weak region in the target region. The resonant circuit is electrically connected between the feed point and the feed source. The resonant circuit is used to change the impedance matching state between the antenna radiator and the feed source, so that multiple impedance-matching resonant points are formed between the antenna radiator and the feed source in the target frequency band.
2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant circuit includes a first inductive device connected in parallel between the feed point and the feed source, and a first capacitive device connected in parallel between the feed point and the feed source.
3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant circuit includes a second inductive device connected in series between the feed point and the feed source, and a second capacitive device connected in series between the feed point and the feed source.
4. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant circuit includes a first sub-resonant circuit connected in series between the feed point and the feed source, and a second sub-resonant circuit connected in parallel between the feed point and the feed source. One of the first sub-resonant circuit and the second sub-resonant circuit is capacitive, and the other is inductive.
5. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant circuit is used to create two impedance-matched resonant points between the antenna radiator and the feed source in the target frequency band.
6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The antenna unit further includes at least one fourth sensing device, which is connected in series between the feed point and the resonant circuit. The fourth sensing device is used to compensate for the equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator.
7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of the fourth sensing devices is multiple.
8. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The antenna unit further includes a fifth sensing device, which is connected in parallel between the feed point and the feed source. The fifth sensing device is used to adjust the frequency of the impedance matching resonant point.
9. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The equivalent electrical length of the antenna radiator is greater than or equal to 1 / 32 of the wavelength of the target frequency band, and less than or equal to 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band.
10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The target frequency band is located in the low frequency range.