An endoscopic spinal nail-rod fixation system

Abstract

This invention discloses a spinal endoscopic screw-rod fixation system, belonging to the field of medical device technology. The system includes screws, locking pins, and connecting rods. The screw head has a fixing hole with internal threads on the inner wall and a driving hole at the bottom. The proximal end of the screw forms an arc-shaped mating surface around the fixing hole. The locking pin has external threads matching the internal threads, and a spherical clamping surface is formed on the side of the clamping head facing the connecting block. This invention, through the arc-shaped mating between the screw, locking pin, and connecting block, allows the connecting block to adapt to the screw at multiple angles, facilitating insertion and locking in spinal endoscopy or minimally invasive small-incision environments. The flip-handle mechanism facilitates tightening the locking pin in confined operating spaces and prevents arbitrary disassembly of the locking pin, improving the operational convenience and safety of the fixation system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a pedicle screw-rod fixation system under a spinal endoscope. BACKGROUND

[0002] The pedicle screw-rod internal fixation system is a commonly used stable device in spinal surgery and is widely used in spinal degeneration, instability, trauma and partial fusion surgery. Although the traditional open pedicle screw-rod system is reliable in fixation, a large range of paravertebral soft tissue needs to be stripped during the operation, which causes large trauma, more bleeding and slower postoperative recovery. In order to reduce surgical trauma, percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation technology has gradually been popularized. The existing percutaneous internal fixation system is usually placed under the guidance of imaging. The screw is placed percutaneously, and the connecting rod is placed through the subcutaneous channel. Compared with open surgery, the percutaneous internal fixation system has the advantages of small incision, less bleeding and faster recovery. At the same time, the spinal endoscopic technology is continuously developing, and its application in decompression and auxiliary fusion treatment is becoming more and more widespread. Clinically, there is a higher requirement for the ultra-micro invasive internal fixation system matched with the operation mode of the spinal endoscope.

[0003] However, most of the existing percutaneous spinal pedicle screw-rod systems still follow the structural design idea of the open system. The screw size, especially the screw head and the screw-rod connection part size, is large, and the connection structure is complex. In the scene of spinal endoscopy or minimally invasive surgery with small incision, the screw head and the connection structure have a large volume, occupy a large operation space, and increase the difficulty of operation in the narrow channel. The traditional U-shaped slot connecting method, which contains the rod and is locked by a jack screw, has high requirements for the arrangement of the rod and the screw, and the connection steps are complicated. At the same time, although some systems have multi-axis adjustment function, a large structure space is usually required to achieve universal connection, which is not conducive to further reducing the volume of the implant and reducing tissue damage. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a pedicle screw-rod fixation system under a spinal endoscope.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is a pedicle screw-rod fixation system under a spinal endoscope, which comprises a screw, a locking pin and a connecting rod. The screw head is provided with a fixing hole, the proximal end of the screw forms an arc-shaped matching surface around the fixing hole, the inner wall of the fixing hole is provided with an internal thread, and the bottom of the fixing hole is provided with a driving hole. The locking pin is provided with an external thread on the outside, the external thread is matched with the internal thread, the top of the locking pin is provided with a compression head, the side of the compression head facing the connecting block forms a spherical compression surface, and the top of the compression head is provided with a flip mechanism. The connecting rod includes a telescopic connecting rod and two connecting blocks. The telescopic connecting rod is disposed between the two connecting blocks. A through hole is provided on the side wall of the connecting block. Both the upper and lower ends of the through hole are provided with arc-shaped grooves. The upper arc-shaped groove of the through hole forms an upper arc-shaped mating surface that mates with the spherical pressing surface of the pressing head. The lower arc-shaped groove of the through hole forms a lower arc-shaped mating surface that mates with the arc-shaped mating surface near the end of the screw.

[0006] With the above technical solution, after the screw is implanted into the pedicle, the connecting block can be fitted onto the proximal end of the screw through a perforation. The arc-shaped mating surface of the proximal end of the screw and the lower arc-shaped mating surface of the connecting block fit together, allowing the connecting block to swing and adjust relative to the screw within a certain angle range. After the locking screw is screwed into the fixing hole, the spherical pressing surface of the clamping head presses against the upper arc-shaped mating surface of the connecting block, thereby achieving stable locking after multi-angle adaptation. This structure eliminates or weakens the traditional large-volume U-shaped screw seat structure, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the screw head connection structure and is more suitable for operation in confined spaces under spinal endoscopy.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a screwdriver, the distal end of which is provided with a drive head adapted to the drive hole, so as to drive the screw to rotate through the cooperation of the drive head and the drive hole. The screwdriver includes a rod and a handle provided at the proximal end of the rod. The outer diameter of the rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixing hole, and the distal end of the rod is provided with a drive head that cooperates with the drive hole.

[0008] With the above technical solution, the rod of the screw inserter can extend into the screw fixing hole and cooperate with the drive hole. The surgeon can drive the screw into the pedicle by rotating the handle, reducing the need for additional clamping structures on the outside of the screw head, thereby helping to reduce the overall space occupied by the implantation device and screw.

[0009] Furthermore, a keyway is provided at the bottom of the drive hole, and the drive head at the bottom of the rod is a spline, which is engaged in the keyway.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, a stable circumferential force transmission structure is formed between the spline and the keyway, which can improve the torque transmission efficiency and reduce the probability of slippage during the screw insertion process, so that the screw can be screwed into the bone more stably.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic connecting rod includes an internal rod, two ball joints, two upper half-plates, two lower half-plates, and two rotating handles. The two upper half-plates are fastened together with the two lower half-plates. The ball joints are engaged between the upper and lower half-plates. The ball joints are fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting block. A cover plate is fixedly provided at the end of each upper and lower half-plate away from the ball joint. A through hole is provided on the side wall of the cover plate, through which the internal rod passes. An upper fixing block is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the upper half-plate, and a lower fixing block is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the lower half-plate. The rotating handles are located between the upper and lower fixing blocks.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the ball joint can be angled between the upper and lower halves of the buckle plate, giving the connecting block a certain degree of omnidirectional adjustment capability relative to the telescopic connecting rod; the internal rod can extend and retract relative to the through hole on the cover plate, thereby changing the distance between the two connecting blocks. During the operation, the length and direction of the connecting rod can be quickly adjusted according to the actual distance and spatial angle between the two screws, reducing the difficulty of inserting the connecting rod.

[0013] Furthermore, a locking rod is fixedly installed on the side wall of the hole, and several locking slots are opened on the side wall of the inner rod. The locking rod is an elastic locking rod that can elastically enter or exit the locking slots.

[0014] With the above technical solution, when the internal rod is extended and retracted, the elastic locking rod can enter the locking slots at different positions in sequence, thereby initially positioning the extension length of the internal rod and preventing the internal rod from sliding freely before it is fully locked, which facilitates intraoperative adjustment and pre-fixation.

[0015] Furthermore, both ends of the internal rod are fixedly provided with barrier plates, and the outer diameter of the barrier plates is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the barrier plate can prevent the internal rod from completely coming out of the through hole, avoid structural separation of the connecting rod during the adjustment process, and improve operational safety.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotating handle includes a knob and a threaded rod. The knob is fixedly mounted on the top of the threaded rod. The upper fixing block allows the threaded rod to pass through. The lower fixing block has a lower thread inside. The threaded rod passes through the upper fixing block and is threadedly connected to the lower thread inside the lower thread.

[0018] Using the above technical solution, rotating the knob can cause the threaded rod to screw in or out relative to the lower fixed block, thereby changing the clamping degree between the upper and lower half of the buckle plate. When loosened, it is convenient to adjust the ball joint angle and the length of the internal rod; when locked, it can simultaneously fix the positions of the ball joint and the internal rod, so that the connecting rod can form a stable support.

[0019] Furthermore, the flip-top mechanism includes a lock, a latch, a rotary handle, a limiting block, a rotating plate, and a limiting rod. The pressing head has an internal cavity. The lock is fixedly positioned at the center of the top of the pressing head. A rotating groove is formed on the top of the pressing head. The rotary handle is rotatably connected to the rotating groove. The limiting block is fixedly positioned on the side wall of the rotary handle. A limiting hole is formed on the side wall of the limiting block. A through hole is formed at the bottom of the rotating groove, communicating with the cavity. The latch is positioned within the lock and located within the cavity. The rotating plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cavity. The latch abuts against the side wall of the rotating plate. The limiting rod is fixedly positioned on the side wall of the rotating plate and inserted into the limiting hole.

[0020] With the above technical solution, when it is necessary to tighten the locking pin, the operator can use the lock to release the restriction of the limiting rod on the rotating handle, so that the rotating handle can be flipped up from the rotating groove. The flipped-up rotating handle can be used as a force application handle, which makes it easy to tighten the locking pin in the endoscopic channel or small incision. After tightening, the rotating handle is flipped back into the rotating groove, and the limiting rod is reinserted into the limiting hole, which can prevent the rotating handle from flipping up accidentally, and also reduce the risk of unauthorized personnel arbitrarily disassembling the locking pin.

[0021] Furthermore, a central rod is rotatably provided on the side wall of the rotating plate, and a torsion spring is wound around the central rod.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the torsion spring can provide a restoring force to the rotating plate, so that the limit rod can automatically move to the position of inserting into the limit hole after the abutment is released, thereby improving the reliability of the flip handle mechanism locking.

[0023] Furthermore, the external thread of the locking pin engages with the internal thread of the fixing hole via a threaded connection, and the outer diameter of the rod of the pin holder is smaller than the inner diameter of the internal thread of the fixing hole, so that the pin holder can pass through the fixing hole and engage with the driving hole.

[0024] With the above technical solution, the screw inserter can pass through the fixing hole and connect with the driving hole before the locking screw is installed. After the screw is screwed into the vertebral body, the screw inserter is removed and the connecting block and locking screw are installed. The overall operation sequence is clear and suitable for step-by-step assembly under minimally invasive channel.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) By setting screws, connecting blocks and locking pins, the arc-shaped mating surface of the proximal end of the screws mates with the lower arc-shaped mating surface of the lower end of the connecting blocks, and the spherical pressing surface of the locking pin pressing head mates with the upper arc-shaped mating surface of the upper end of the connecting blocks, the connecting blocks can be adjusted relative to the screws before locking and can be stably fixed after locking. This is beneficial for adapting to different pedicle screw implantation angles and reducing the difficulty of endoscopic placement and alignment of the rod in the spine. (2) By setting up a telescopic connecting rod, ball joint, upper half buckle plate, lower half buckle plate and internal rod, the present invention can adjust the length and connection direction of the connecting rod according to the actual distance and angle between the two screws, and lock it by the knob and threaded rod, avoiding the repeated pre-bending and multiple adjustments of the traditional connecting rod, and improving the efficiency of intraoperative assembly. (3) By setting up a flip-up mechanism, the handle can be flipped up as a force-applying structure when the locking pin needs to be tightened. After tightening, it can be stored in the rotating groove and its position is restricted by the limiting rod. This not only facilitates operation in a small space, but also reduces tissue irritation caused by the exposed handle, and reduces the risk of the locking pin being removed at will. (4) By setting up a screw feeder, a drive hole, a keyway and a spline, the present invention enables the screw feeder to pass through the screw fixing hole and cooperate with the drive hole to transmit torque, reducing the dependence on the clamping structure on the outside of the screw head, which is conducive to reducing the size of the screw head and is more suitable for the minimally invasive implantation needs under spinal endoscopy. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure after installation in the original scheme of this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure after installation according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nailer in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of one of the connecting blocks of the connecting rod in this invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper half of the buckle plate and the lower half of the buckle plate after they are connected in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper half of the buckle plate, the lower half of the buckle plate, and the rotating handle in this invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the screw in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the throttle handle is flipped in this invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamping head in this invention; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1. Screw; 2. Locking pin; 3. Fixing hole; 4. Internal thread; 5. Drive hole; 6. External thread; 7. Clamping head; 8. Connecting block; 9. Through hole; 10. Arc groove; 11. Handle; 12. Keyway; 13. Spline; 1401. Internal rod; 1402. Ball joint; 1403. Upper half of the buckle plate; 1404. Lower half of the buckle plate; 15. Cover plate; 16. Through hole; 17. Upper fixing block; 18. Lower fixing block; 19. Locking rod; 20. Locking groove; 21. Barrier plate; 2201. Knob; 2202. Threaded rod; 23. Lower thread; 2401. Lock; 2402. Lock tongue; 2403. Turn handle; 2404. Limiting block; 2405. Rotating plate; 2406. Limiting rod; 25. Rotating groove; 26. Limiting hole; 27. Through hole; 28. Center rod; 29. ​​Torsion spring; 30. Rod body. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 - Figure 4 as well as Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a spinal endoscopic screw-rod fixation system, including a screw 1, a locking pin 2, and a connecting rod. The screw 1 is used to screw into the pedicle and enter the vertebral body. The locking pin 2 is used to press and fix the connecting block 8 in the connecting rod to the proximal end of the screw 1. The connecting rod is used to connect two adjacent screws 1, thereby providing stable support for adjacent vertebral bodies.

[0030] The screw 1 has a fixing hole 3 at its head, an internal thread 4 on its inner wall, and a driving hole 5 at its bottom. The proximal end of the screw 1 forms an arc-shaped mating surface around the fixing hole 3, which mates with the arc-shaped groove 10 at the lower end of the connecting block 8. A keyway 12 is provided at the bottom of the driving hole 5, allowing the spline 13 at the distal end of the screwdriver to engage in the keyway 12, thereby rotating the screw 1. Because the driving structure is located at the bottom of the fixing hole 3, a large clamping structure is not required on the outer side of the screw head, which helps reduce the volume of the proximal end of the screw 1.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the screw inserter includes a rod 30 and a handle 11 located at the proximal end of the rod 30. A spline 13 is provided at the distal end of the rod 30. The outer diameter of the rod 30 is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixing hole 3, preferably smaller than the inner diameter of the internal thread 4 of the fixing hole 3, so that the rod 30 can be smoothly inserted into the fixing hole 3 and the spline 13 can engage with the keyway 12 in the drive hole 5. When the surgeon holds the handle 11 and rotates it, the torque is transmitted to the screw 1 through the rod 30, spline 13 and keyway 12, causing the screw 1 to be screwed into the pedicle.

[0032] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the locking pin 2 has an external thread 6 on its exterior, which matches the internal thread 4 on the inner wall of the fixing hole 3. A clamping head 7 is located at the top of the locking pin 2, forming a spherical clamping surface on the side facing the connecting block 8. A through hole 9 is provided on the side wall of the connecting block 8, allowing the locking pin 2 to pass through and align with the fixing hole 3 on the head of the screw 1. Both ends of the through hole 9 have arc-shaped grooves 10, with the upper arc-shaped groove 10 forming an upper arc-shaped mating surface and the lower arc-shaped groove 10 forming a lower arc-shaped mating surface. In the original design, the length of the through hole 9 is greater than the length of the clamping head 7 on the head of the locking pin 2, allowing the locking pin 2 to slide laterally within the through hole 9. The distance between the two screws 1 can be adjusted by sliding between the two locking pins 2.

[0033] During installation, the connecting block 8 is placed near the screw 1, with the arc-shaped mating surface of the screw 1 fitting against the lower arc-shaped mating surface of the connecting block 8. The locking pin 2 passes through the through hole 9 and is screwed into the fixing hole 3. The spherical pressing surface of the clamping head 7 gradually presses against the upper arc-shaped mating surface of the connecting block 8. Because both the upper and lower surfaces are arc-shaped, the connecting block 8 can be adjusted at multiple angles relative to the screw 1 before the locking pin 2 is fully tightened. When the locking pin 2 is tightened, a clamping relationship is formed between the clamping head 7, the connecting block 8, and the screw 1, thus achieving stable locking.

[0034] This structure is particularly suitable for use under endoscopy or in small incision environments. Traditional U-shaped groove staple holders require the connecting rod to be precisely pressed into the groove and locked with a set screw, which has high requirements for the channel angle. In this embodiment, the connecting block 8 cooperates with the screw 1 and locking pin 2 through the through hole 9, which can compensate for the difference in the screw 1 implantation angle within a certain range and reduce the difficulty of placing the rod.

[0035] In Example 1, as Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the originally integrated connecting rod has been transformed into a telescopic structure. Specifically, the connecting rod includes a telescopic connecting rod and two connecting blocks 8. Each of the two connecting blocks 8 is secured by one of the two screws 1, and the telescopic connecting rod is positioned between the two connecting blocks 8. The telescopic connecting rod includes an inner rod 1401, two ball joints 1402, two upper half-plates 1403, two lower half-plates 1404, and two rotating handles. The two ball joints 1402 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the two connecting blocks 8, and are clamped between the corresponding upper half-plates 1403 and lower half-plates 1404.

[0036] After the upper half of the snap-fit ​​plate 1403 and the lower half of the snap-fit ​​plate 1404 are snapped together, they form a clamping space to accommodate the ball joint 1402. Since the ball joint 1402 has a spherical structure, it can swing relative to the upper half of the snap-fit ​​plate 1403 and the lower half of the snap-fit ​​plate 1404 when not locked, allowing the connecting block 8 to have a certain angle adjustment capability relative to the telescopic connecting rod. Additionally, the inner walls of the upper half of the snap-fit ​​plate 1403 and the lower half of the snap-fit ​​plate 1404 can be provided with an anti-slip layer, thus clamping the ball joint 1402 more stably. In this way, even if the insertion directions of the two screws 1 are not completely consistent, they can be adjusted and matched using the ball joint 1402.

[0037] Both the upper half of the snap plate 1403 and the lower half of the snap plate 1404 have a cover plate 15 fixedly installed at the end away from the ball joint 1402. A through hole 16 is provided on the side wall of the cover plate 15, through which the internal rod 1401 protrudes. The internal rod 1401 can extend and retract relative to the through hole 16, thereby adjusting the distance between the two connecting blocks 8. A stop plate 21 is fixedly installed at both ends of the internal rod 1401. The outer diameter of the stop plate 21 is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 16, thus preventing the internal rod 1401 from accidentally detaching from the through hole 16.

[0038] A locking rod 19 is fixedly installed on the side wall of hole 16, and several slots 20 are formed on the side wall of the internal rod 1401. The locking rod 19 is an elastic locking rod, which can elastically enter or exit the slots 20. When the operator pulls or pushes the internal rod 1401, the locking rod 19 can pass through different slots 20 in sequence and enter the corresponding slot 20 at the appropriate position, thereby initially positioning the extension length of the internal rod 1401. This design can maintain the approximate length of the connecting rod before final locking, which is convenient for the operator to perform subsequent angle and clamping operations.

[0039] An upper fixing block 17 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper half of the buckle plate 1403, and a lower fixing block 18 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower half of the buckle plate 1404. A rotating handle is located between the upper fixing block 17 and the lower fixing block 18. The rotating handle includes a knob 2201 and a threaded rod 2202. The knob 2201 is fixedly installed on the top of the threaded rod 2202. The upper fixing block 17 allows the threaded rod 2202 to pass through. The lower fixing block 18 has a lower thread 23 inside. The threaded rod 2202 passes through the upper fixing block 17 and is threadedly connected to the lower thread 23.

[0040] When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the ball joint 1402 and the telescopic length of the internal rod 1401, the operator rotates the knob 2201 in the opposite direction, causing the threaded rod 2202 to unscrew relative to the lower fixing block 18. This reduces the clamping force between the upper half-plate 1403 and the lower half-plate 1404, allowing the ball joint 1402 and the internal rod 1401 to be adjusted. Once the position of the connecting block 8 and the length of the connecting rod are adjusted, the operator rotates the knob 2201 in the forward direction, causing the threaded rod 2202 to gradually screw into the lower thread 23. This reduces the distance between the upper half-plate 1403 and the lower half-plate 1404, thereby clamping the ball joint 1402 and pressing the internal rod 1401, thus achieving overall fixation of the connecting rod.

[0041] like Figure 8 - Figure 10 As shown, a flip-up mechanism is provided on the top of the clamping head 7. The flip-up mechanism includes a lock 2401, a latch 2402, a handle 2403, a limiting block 2404, a rotating plate 2405, and a limiting rod 2406. A cavity is formed inside the clamping head 7, and the lock 2401 is fixedly located at the center of the top of the clamping head 7. A rotating groove 25 is also formed on the top of the clamping head 7, and the handle 2403 is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotating groove 25, so that the handle 2403 can switch between a retracted state and a flipped state.

[0042] A limiting block 2404 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the throttle 2403, and a limiting hole 26 is formed on the side wall of the limiting block 2404. A through hole 27 is formed at the bottom of the rotating groove 25, and the through hole 27 communicates with the internal cavity of the pressing head 7. The locking tongue 2402 is set in the lock 2401 and located in the cavity. The rotating plate 2405 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cavity. The locking tongue 2402 abuts against the side wall of the rotating plate 2405. The limiting rod 2406 is fixedly set on the side wall of the rotating plate 2405. The limiting rod 2406 can pass through the through hole 27 and be inserted into the limiting hole 26. A central rod 28 is rotatably set on the side wall of the rotating plate 2405, and a torsion spring 29 is wound around the central rod 28.

[0043] In the default state, the handle 2403 is housed in the rotating groove 25, and the limiting rod 2406 is inserted into the limiting hole 26, thus preventing the handle 2403 from flipping up. When it is necessary to tighten the locking pin 2, the operator opens the lock 2401 with a key or special tool, causing the latch 2402 to rotate and release its blocking state on the rotating plate 2405. At this time, under the action of the torsion spring 29, the rotating plate 2405 rotates around the central rod 28, the limiting rod 2406 disengages from the limiting hole 26, and the handle 2403 can then flip up from the rotating groove 25. The flipped-up handle 2403 is equivalent to a small rotating handle, which the operator can use to rotate the locking pin 2, causing the locking pin 2 to gradually screw into the fixing hole 3 of the screw 1.

[0044] After the locking pin 2 is tightened into place, the surgeon flips the handle 2403 back into the rotating groove 25. The limiting block 2404 pushes the limiting rod 2406 and the rotating plate 2405 to create clearance. Once the limiting hole 26 aligns with the limiting rod 2406, the limiting rod 2406 is reinserted into the limiting hole 26 under the action of the torsion spring 29, thus restricting the handle 2403 to the stored position. This structure can prevent the handle 2403 from being continuously exposed and causing tissue irritation, and can also prevent the locking pin 2 from being arbitrarily twisted out by unauthorized personnel, thus improving the safety after implantation and fixation.

[0045] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, the surgeon, with the assistance of spinal endoscopy or a small incision, determines the implantation position of screw 1, and inserts the rod 30 of the screw holder into the fixing hole 3 of the screw head, so that the spline 13 at the distal end of the rod 30 engages with the keyway 12 at the bottom of the drive hole 5. Then, the handle 11 is rotated, so that screw 1 is screwed into the pedicle and enters the vertebral body under the force transmitted by the spline 13 and the keyway 12. According to the needs of the operation, two screws 1 are implanted at corresponding positions in adjacent vertebral bodies.

[0046] After screw 1 is inserted, remove the screw inserter. Then, insert the connecting rod into the operating area so that the two connecting blocks 8 are respectively attached to the proximal positions of the two screws 1. The lower arc-shaped mating surface of the lower end of the connecting block 8 contacts the arc-shaped mating surface of the proximal end of the screw 1. At this time, the angle of the connecting block 8 relative to the screw 1 can be adjusted.

[0047] Then, the operator rotates knob 2201 in the reverse direction to reduce the clamping force between the upper half-plate 1403 and the lower half-plate 1404. Based on the actual distance and spatial position between the two screws 1, the operator adjusts the length of the internal rod 1401 extending through the through hole 16 and adjusts the angle of the ball joint 1402 between the upper half-plate 1403 and the lower half-plate 1404. During adjustment, the locking rod 19 can enter different slots 20 on the side wall of the internal rod 1401 to initially position the internal rod 1401 and prevent it from sliding freely. After adjustment, the operator rotates knob 2201 in the forward direction to tighten the threaded rod 2202 with the lower thread 23, reducing the distance between the upper half-plate 1403 and the lower half-plate 1404, thereby clamping the ball joint 1402 and fixing the position of the internal rod 1401, ensuring a stable connection between the two connecting blocks 8.

[0048] Subsequently, the locking pin 2 is passed through the through hole 9 on the side wall of the connecting block 8, and the external thread 6 of the locking pin 2 is aligned with the internal thread 4 on the inner wall of the fixing hole 3 of the screw 1. The operator first manually screws in the locking pin 2. When it is rotated to a position where it is inconvenient to continue operating with the hand or conventional instruments, the operator uses the key to open the lock 2401, causing the locking tongue 2402 to rotate and release the limiting position of the rotating plate 2405. At this time, the rotating plate 2405 rotates under the action of the torsion spring 29, and the limiting rod 2406 disengages from the limiting hole 26, allowing the operator to flip up the handle 2403.

[0049] After the lever 2403 is flipped up, the operator continues to rotate the locking pin 2 using the lever 2403, causing the locking pin 2 to gradually screw into the fixing hole 3 of the screw 1. As the locking pin 2 continues to press down, the spherical pressing surface of the clamping head 7 presses against the upper arc-shaped mating surface of the upper end of the connecting block 8, and the lower arc-shaped mating surface of the lower end of the connecting block 8 presses against the arc-shaped mating surface near the end of the screw 1, ultimately making the connecting block 8 stably clamped between the locking pin 2 and the screw 1, thereby completing the fixation between the screw 1, the connecting block 8 and the connecting rod.

[0050] After the locking pin 2 is tightened, the throttle 2403 is flipped back into the rotating groove 25. The limiting rod 2406 is briefly pushed aside by the limiting block 2404. After the limiting hole 26 moves to the corresponding position, the limiting rod 2406 is reinserted into the limiting hole 26 under the action of the torsion spring 29, restricting the position of the throttle 2403 and keeping the throttle 2403 in the stored state, while reducing the risk of the locking pin 2 being arbitrarily disassembled.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spinal endoscopic rod-and-spindle fixation system, characterized in that, Includes screws (1), locking pins (2), and connecting rods: The screw (1) has a fixing hole (3) at its head, and the near end of the screw (1) forms an arc-shaped mating surface around the fixing hole (3). The fixing hole (3) has an internal thread (4) on its inner wall, and a driving hole (5) is provided at the bottom of the fixing hole (3). The locking pin (2) is provided with an external thread (6), which matches the internal thread (4). The top of the locking pin (2) is provided with a pressing head (7), which forms a spherical pressing surface on the side facing the connecting block (8). The top of the pressing head (7) is provided with a flipping mechanism.

2. The spinal endoscopic rod-and-spindle fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod includes a telescopic connecting rod and two connecting blocks (8). The telescopic connecting rod is disposed between the two connecting blocks (8). The side wall of the connecting block (8) is provided with a through hole (9). Both the upper and lower ends of the through hole (9) are provided with arc-shaped grooves (10). The upper arc-shaped groove (10) of the through hole (9) forms an upper arc-shaped mating surface that matches the spherical pressing surface of the pressing head (7). The lower arc-shaped groove (10) of the through hole (9) forms a lower arc-shaped mating surface that matches the arc-shaped mating surface near the end of the screw (1).

3. The spinal endoscopic rod-and-spindle fixation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a screwdriver, the distal end of which is provided with a drive head that is adapted to the drive hole (5) so as to drive the screw (1) to rotate through the cooperation of the drive head and the drive hole (5). The screwdriver includes a rod (30) and a handle (11) provided at the proximal end of the rod (30). The outer diameter of the rod (30) is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixing hole (3). The distal end of the rod (30) is provided with a drive head that cooperates with the drive hole (5). A keyway (12) is provided at the bottom of the drive hole (5). The drive head at the bottom of the rod (30) is a spline (13). The spline (13) is engaged in the keyway (12).

4. The spinal endoscopic rod-and-spindle fixation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic connecting rod includes an inner rod (1401), two ball joints (1402), two upper half-plates (1403), two lower half-plates (1404), and two rotating handles. The two upper half-plates (1403) are fastened together with the two lower half-plates (1404). The ball joints (1402) are engaged between the upper half-plates (1403) and the lower half-plates (1404). The ball joints (1402) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting block (8). The upper half-plates (1403) are... 03) A cover plate (15) is fixedly installed at the end of the lower half of the buckle (1404) away from the ball joint (1402). The side wall of the cover plate (15) is provided with a through hole (16). The internal rod (1401) passes through the through hole (16). An upper fixing block (17) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper half of the buckle (1403). A lower fixing block (18) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower half of the buckle (1404). The rotating handle is located between the upper fixing block (17) and the lower fixing block (18).

5. The spinal endoscopic rod-and-spindle fixation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, A locking rod (19) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the through hole (16), and a plurality of locking slots (20) are opened on the side wall of the inner rod (1401). The locking rod (19) is an elastic locking rod (19) that can elastically enter or exit the locking slots (20).

6. The spinal endoscopic rod-and-spindle fixation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both ends of the internal rod (1401) are fixedly provided with a barrier plate (21), and the outer diameter of the barrier plate (21) is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole (16).

7. The spinal endoscopic rod-and-spindle fixation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating handle includes a knob (2201) and a threaded rod (2202). The knob (2201) is fixedly mounted on the top of the threaded rod (2202). The upper fixing block (17) is for the threaded rod (2202) to pass through. The lower fixing block (18) has a lower thread (23) inside. The threaded rod (2202) passes through the upper fixing block (17) and is threadedly connected to the lower thread (23).

8. The spinal endoscopic rod-and-spindle fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flip-top mechanism includes a lock (2401), a latch (2402), a throttle (2403), a limiting block (2404), a rotating plate (2405), and a limiting rod (2406). The pressing head (7) has an internal cavity. The lock (2401) is fixedly positioned at the center of the top of the pressing head (7). The top of the pressing head (7) has a rotating groove (25). The throttle (2403) is rotatably connected to the rotating groove (25). The limiting block (2404) is fixedly positioned on the side wall of the throttle (2403). The limiting block (2404) has a limiting hole (26) on its side wall, and the rotating groove (25) has a through hole (27) at its bottom. The through hole (27) communicates with the cavity. The locking tongue (2402) is set in the lock (2401) and located in the cavity. The rotating plate (2405) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cavity. The locking tongue (2402) abuts against the side wall of the rotating plate (2405). The limiting rod (2406) is fixedly set on the side wall of the rotating plate (2405) and is inserted into the limiting hole (26).

9. The spinal endoscopic rod-and-spindle fixation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rotating plate (2405) has a central rod (28) rotatably mounted on its side wall, and a torsion spring (29) is wound around the central rod (28).

10. The spinal endoscopic rod-and-spindle fixation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The external thread (6) of the locking pin (2) and the internal thread (4) of the fixing hole (3) are threaded together. The outer diameter of the rod body (30) of the nailer is smaller than the inner diameter of the internal thread (4) of the fixing hole (3) so that the nailer can pass through the fixing hole (3) and cooperate with the driving hole (5).

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