A gas-liquid mixing evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization

Abstract

This invention discloses a gas-liquid mixing evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization, belonging to the field of fluid heat and mass exchange technology. It includes an airflow carrier channel with an axially arranged channel for the main airflow to flow axially. A tangential airflow inlet is provided on the side wall of the airflow carrier channel to introduce external airflow. The direction of the external airflow entering the channel forms an angle with the radial direction of the airflow carrier channel, thereby inducing the formation of an annular rotating cyclone field within the airflow carrier channel. By constructing an annular atomization zone perpendicular to the main airflow, this invention extends the droplet residence time by more than 30% compared to traditional coaxial spray devices. Combined with the secondary breaking effect of the cyclone field, the evaporation efficiency can be improved by 25%-40%. It integrates cyclone generation, secondary atomization, and main flow transport functions into a single channel, eliminating the need for complex multi-channel systems. The device is small in size, has low pressure drop, is easily integrated with existing systems, and can adapt to different flow and pressure conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fluid heat and mass exchange technology, and in particular to a gas-liquid mixing and evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of nuclear power plants and the reprocessing of nuclear fuel, liquid effluents containing low concentrations of radioactive materials such as tritium are generated. For inland nuclear facilities lacking water bodies with strong dilution capabilities, these waste liquids are mostly discharged using air-carrying technology, the core of which lies in the spray evaporation process. In addition, gas-liquid mixing evaporation devices are also widely used in industrial scenarios such as flue gas conditioning in coal-fired power plants, evaporative cooling in industrial plants, and deep humidification of process airflows.

[0003] In existing technologies, the mainstream solution is a coaxial air-carrying atomizing evaporator. For example... Figure 4 As shown, this device typically consists of a heater, an array of atomizing nozzles, a rectangular airflow carrier channel, and a fan connected in sequence. Its working process is as follows: external cold air is preheated by the heater and flows axially along the channel; softened water is atomized into fine droplets through the atomizing nozzle array, with the droplets sprayed parallel to the direction of the hot airflow, directly entering the hot airflow; driven by the fan, the hot airflow carries the atomized droplets along the channel and completes evaporation.

[0004] However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings: Because the droplet ejection direction is parallel to the airflow direction, the droplets are rapidly transported with the main airflow, resulting in a short gas-liquid two-phase interaction time (usually only 0.3-0.7s), which limits the evaporation efficiency.

[0005] Relying solely on the nozzle's single atomization mechanism, and lacking a secondary crushing stage, the droplet size distribution is discrete. Large droplets are difficult to evaporate quickly and tend to adhere to the inner wall of the channel or escape with the airflow.

[0006] Third, the droplets concentrate in the central area of ​​the channel, resulting in insufficient contact with the edge airflow and creating a localized mixing imbalance phenomenon of "overly wet center and dry edge".

[0007] Fourth, in order to improve the effect, a complex structure with multiple channels and multiple sets of nozzles is often adopted, which results in a large equipment size, high system energy consumption, and limited adaptability to various scenarios.

[0008] Some existing technologies attempt to introduce tangential airflow, but these are mostly used to improve airflow uniformity and do not create an independent atomization zone perpendicular to the main airflow to fundamentally extend droplet residence time, thus failing to achieve a substantial breakthrough in evaporation efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a more efficient, stable, and compact gas-liquid mixing evaporation device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a gas-liquid mixing evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization. It integrates cyclone generation, secondary atomization and mainstream transport functions into a single channel, eliminating the need for complex multi-channel or multi-nozzle array structures. The device is small in size, has low pressure drop, is easy to integrate with existing systems, and can adapt to different flow and pressure conditions.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A gas-liquid mixing evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization includes an airflow carrier channel with an axially arranged channel for the main airflow to flow axially. The airflow carrier channel has at least one tangential airflow inlet, which is located on the side wall of the airflow carrier channel and is used to introduce external airflow. The direction of entry of the external airflow forms an angle with the radial direction of the airflow carrier channel, so as to induce the formation of an annular rotating cyclone field inside the airflow carrier channel. The inner wall of the airflow carrier channel is densely provided with multiple micro-mist nozzles in a circumferential direction. The outlet of each micro-mist nozzle is set towards the area where the annular rotating cyclone is located, and is used to spray atomized liquid droplets into the annular rotating cyclone. A liquid supply system is provided on the airflow carrier channel. The liquid supply system is in fluid communication with the micro-mist nozzles and is used to deliver the liquid to be atomized to each of the micro-mist nozzles. The plane of rotation of the annular rotating cyclone field is perpendicular to the axis of the airflow carrier channel, thereby extending the residence time of the atomized droplets in the annular rotating cyclone field and achieving secondary breakage of the droplets under the shearing action of the annular rotating cyclone field. The mixed gas-liquid two-phase flow is transported axially with the main airflow.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the angle between the axis of the tangential airflow inlet and the radial direction of the airflow carrier channel is 70° to 110°.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the micro-mist nozzles are arranged in at least one layer along the axial direction of the airflow carrier channel.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, when the micro-mist nozzles are arranged in multiple layers, the multiple layers of micro-mist nozzles correspond axially to the positions of at least one of the tangential airflow inlets, so that the droplets ejected from each layer of nozzles can enter the annular rotating cyclone field.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the liquid supply system includes an annular pipeline that surrounds the interior of the airflow carrier channel and communicates with each of the micro-mist nozzles to achieve uniform liquid supply to each nozzle.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the rotation axis of the annular rotating cyclone field coincides with the axis of the airflow carrier channel.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Significantly improved evaporation efficiency: By constructing an annular atomization zone perpendicular to the main airflow, the droplet residence time is extended by more than 30% compared to traditional coaxial spray devices. Combined with the secondary breaking effect of the cyclone field, the evaporation efficiency can be improved by 25%-40%.

[0017] 2. Achieve secondary breakup of droplets, resulting in finer and more uniform particle size: The high-speed rotating airflow exerts a strong shearing effect on the initial atomized droplets, causing them to break up secondary and form a droplet cluster with smaller particle size (SMD can be less than 30μm) and more uniform distribution, which greatly increases the gas-liquid contact area.

[0018] 3. Significantly improved gas-liquid mixing uniformity: The annular cyclone field enables droplets to be evenly distributed in the radial and circumferential directions, avoiding the local imbalance phenomenon of "over-wet center and dry edge" in traditional devices, and achieving efficient mixing across the entire cross section.

[0019] 4. Compact structure and high integration: It integrates cyclone generation, secondary atomization and mainstream transport functions into a single channel, eliminating the need for complex multi-channel or multi-nozzle array structures. The device is small in size and has a low pressure drop, making it easy to integrate with existing systems and adaptable to different flow and pressure conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a gas-liquid mixing and evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a top cross-sectional view of a gas-liquid mixing evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a side cross-sectional view of a gas-liquid mixing evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization proposed in this invention; Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows the principle of the coaxial air-carrying atomizing evaporator, which is the mainstream solution in the existing technology.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Airflow carrier channel; 2. Tangential airflow inlet; 3. Micro-mist nozzle; 4. Liquid supply system. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Example, refer to Figures 1 to 4 A gas-liquid mixing evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization includes an airflow carrier channel 1. The airflow carrier channel 1 has an axially arranged channel for the main airflow to flow axially. At least one tangential airflow inlet 2 is opened on the airflow carrier channel 1. The tangential airflow inlet 2 is arranged on the side wall of the airflow carrier channel 1 for introducing external airflow. The entry direction of the external airflow forms an angle with the radial direction of the airflow carrier channel 1, so as to induce the formation of an annular rotating cyclone field inside the airflow carrier channel 1. The angle between the axis of the tangential airflow inlet 2 and the radial direction of the airflow carrier channel 1 is 70° to 110°.

[0025] Multiple micro-mist nozzles 3 are densely arranged around the inner wall of the airflow carrier channel 1. The outlet of each micro-mist nozzle 3 is set towards the annular rotating cyclone field area, and is used to spray atomized droplets into the annular rotating cyclone field. It is worth noting that the micro-mist nozzles 3 are arranged in one or more layers in the axial direction of the airflow carrier channel 1; when the micro-mist nozzles 3 are arranged in multiple layers, the multiple layers of micro-mist nozzles 3 correspond to the positions of at least one tangential airflow inlet 2 in the axial direction, so that the droplets sprayed by each layer of nozzles can enter the annular rotating cyclone field.

[0026] A liquid supply system 4 is provided on the airflow carrier channel 1. The liquid supply system 4 is in fluid communication with the micro-mist nozzle 3 and is used to deliver the liquid to be atomized to each micro-mist nozzle 3. This structure can achieve uniform and stable liquid supply to each nozzle and ensure spray consistency. Among them, the micro-mist nozzle 3 can be a pressure atomizing nozzle, a pneumatic atomizing nozzle, or an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, which can be selected according to different liquid characteristics and atomization requirements. The plane of rotation of the annular rotating cyclone field is perpendicular to the axis of the airflow carrier channel 1, thereby extending the residence time of the atomized droplets in the annular rotating cyclone field and achieving secondary breakage of the droplets under the shearing action of the annular rotating cyclone field. The mixed gas-liquid two-phase flow is transported axially with the main airflow.

[0027] The liquid supply system 4 includes an annular pipeline, which is arranged around the inside of the airflow carrier channel 1 and connected to each micro-mist nozzle 3 to achieve uniform liquid supply to each nozzle. The rotation axis of the annular rotating cyclone field coincides with the axis of the airflow carrier channel 1. In addition to the annular pipeline, the liquid supply system 4 can also be other pipeline configurations that can achieve uniform distribution.

[0028] It should be noted that an additional heater can be installed upstream of the tangential airflow inlet 2 to preheat the incoming external airflow, thereby further enhancing the evaporation process by increasing the airflow temperature.

[0029] The working principle of this invention is as follows: refer to Figures 1 to 3 (The dashed area represents the cyclone atomization zone, and the arrows indicate the flow direction.) External airflow (which can be preheated hot air) enters the airflow carrier channel 1 at high speed along the tangential direction through the tangential airflow inlet 2, inducing the formation of a stable annular rotating cyclone field within the channel. Simultaneously, the liquid supply system 4 delivers liquid to each micro-mist nozzle 3, which atomizes the liquid into initial droplets and sprays them into the annular rotating cyclone field. Under the strong shearing action of the high-speed rotating airflow, the initial droplets undergo secondary breakage, forming a group of finer and more uniform droplets. These tiny droplets rotate with the airflow within the annular cyclone field, and their residence time is much longer than that of traditional coaxial spraying. During this process, the droplets fully contact the high-temperature airflow and evaporate rapidly. The vaporized gas-liquid two-phase flow (containing moist air) continues to be transported downstream along the channel axis with the main airflow and is eventually discharged from the device. By constructing an annular atomization zone perpendicular to the main airflow, the droplet residence time is extended by more than 30% compared to traditional coaxial spraying devices. Combined with the secondary breakage effect of the cyclone field, the evaporation efficiency can be increased by 25%-40%.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid mixing evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization, comprising a gas flow carrier channel (1), wherein the gas flow carrier channel (1) has an axially arranged channel for the main gas flow along the axial direction, characterized in that, At least one tangential airflow inlet (2) is provided on the airflow carrier channel (1). The tangential airflow inlet (2) is located on the side wall of the airflow carrier channel (1) and is used to introduce external airflow. The direction of entry of the external airflow forms an angle with the radial direction of the airflow carrier channel (1) so as to induce the formation of a ring-shaped rotating cyclone field inside the airflow carrier channel (1). The inner wall of the airflow carrier channel (1) is densely provided with multiple micro-mist nozzles (3) in the circumferential direction. The outlet of each micro-mist nozzle (3) is set towards the area where the annular rotating cyclone is located, and is used to spray atomized liquid droplets into the annular rotating cyclone. A liquid supply system (4) is provided on the airflow carrier channel (1). The liquid supply system (4) is in fluid communication with the micro-mist nozzle (3) and is used to deliver the liquid to be atomized to each of the micro-mist nozzles (3). The rotating plane of the annular rotating cyclone field is perpendicular to the axial direction of the airflow carrier channel (1), thereby extending the residence time of the atomized droplets in the annular rotating cyclone field, and achieving secondary breakage of the droplets under the shearing action of the annular rotating cyclone field. The mixed gas-liquid two-phase flow is transported axially with the main airflow.

2. The gas-liquid mixing and evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the axis of the tangential airflow inlet (2) and the radial direction of the airflow carrier channel (1) is 70° to 110°.

3. The gas-liquid mixing and evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro-mist nozzles (3) are arranged in at least one layer along the axial direction of the airflow carrier channel (1).

4. The gas-liquid mixing and evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the micro-mist nozzles (3) are arranged in multiple layers, the multiple micro-mist nozzles (3) correspond axially to at least one of the tangential airflow inlets (2) so that the droplets ejected by each layer of nozzles can enter the annular rotating cyclone field.

5. The gas-liquid mixing and evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid supply system (4) includes an annular pipeline, which is arranged around the inside of the airflow carrier channel (1) and connected to each of the micro-mist nozzles (3) to achieve uniform liquid supply to each nozzle.

6. The gas-liquid mixing and evaporation device based on cyclone annular atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation axis of the annular rotating cyclone field coincides with the axis of the airflow carrier channel (1).

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