A flotation device and process for efficient extraction of a gold-bearing ore

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of ore processing technology, specifically to a flotation device and process for high-efficiency extraction of gold, comprising a flotation cell; a stirring mechanism for mixing the slurry; a reagent dosing mechanism for adding reagents to the slurry; a guiding mechanism for guiding the flow of the slurry; and a bubble generating mechanism for generating bubbles in the slurry. The stirring mechanism is disposed on the flotation cell, the reagent dosing mechanism is disposed on the side of the flotation cell, the bubble generating mechanism is disposed inside the flotation cell, and the guiding mechanism is disposed on the bubble generating device. The combination of the ultrasonic generating device and the guiding plate can form a synergistic effect. The guiding plate guides the flow of the slurry, extending the flow path of the slurry. Simultaneously, the ultrasonic generating device vibrates the guiding plate, utilizing the cavitation effect generated by the ultrasonic waves inside the slurry to form a large number of small-diameter bubbles at different depths. The microjets and shock waves generated when the cavitation bubbles collapse improve the mass transfer efficiency of oxygen to the slurry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ore processing technology, specifically to a flotation device and process for efficient extraction of gold. Background Technology

[0002] Flotation extraction of gold ore is a crucial process in gold production, its core being the selective attachment and floatation of target gold mineral particles to air bubbles. Existing mechanical agitation flotation machines rely on impeller rotation to cut air and generate bubbles. This method produces relatively large and unevenly distributed bubbles, resulting in a low probability of collision with fine gold mineral particles. Furthermore, while the turbulence generated by agitation promotes mixing, excessive shear force can easily cause attached gold particles to detach from the bubbles. In addition, this method has limited cleaning effect on mineral surfaces, is difficult to effectively remove oxide films, and relies heavily on collectors and frothers, leading to high reagent consumption. Flotation column technology uses externally introduced microbubbles, improving selectivity and recovery through countercurrent contact. However, its bubble generator is prone to clogging in complex slurry environments, resulting in unstable operation and frequent maintenance.

[0003] In view of this, we propose a flotation device and process for efficient extraction of gold. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flotation apparatus and process for efficient extraction of single-stage gold, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A flotation apparatus for efficient extraction of a single-stage gold, comprising a flotation cell; A mixing mechanism is used to mix mineral slurries; A dosing system is used to add chemicals to the slurry; Guiding mechanism, used to guide the flow of slurry; A bubble generating mechanism is used to generate bubbles in a slurry. The stirring mechanism is located on the flotation tank, the dosing mechanism is located on the side of the flotation tank, the bubble generating mechanism is located inside the flotation tank, and the guiding mechanism is located on the bubble generating device.

[0006] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a support frame, which is fixedly connected to the top of the flotation tank. A stirring rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the support frame. A geared motor is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the geared motor is connected to the stirring rod via a transmission connection. A stirring blade is fixedly connected to the side of the stirring rod.

[0007] Preferably, the guiding mechanism includes a guiding plate, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flotation tank. The guiding plate is provided in several groups, and the stirring rod is fixedly connected to a stirring plate on its side.

[0008] Preferably, the dosing mechanism includes a nozzle, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the flotation tank. A storage tank is connected to one side of the nozzle via a pipe, and a blower is connected to one side of the storage tank via a pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the bubble generating mechanism includes an inner jacket, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the flotation cell. The space between the inner jacket and the flotation cell is a high-pressure chamber, and an ultrasonic generator is fixedly connected to the inner jacket.

[0010] Preferably, the guide plate has a vent hole at the bottom, the guide plate has a hollow structure, the high-pressure chamber is connected to the inside of the guide plate through a pipe, and the high-pressure chamber is connected to a fan through a pipe.

[0011] Preferably, each group of guide plates is provided with a plurality of them, and the plurality of guide plates are arranged around the inner wall of the flotation tank. Each group of guide plates is set at a different height in the flotation tank. The guide plates and the stirring blades are both inclined, and the inclination angle of the guide plates and the stirring blades is less than 30°.

[0012] Preferably, the guide plate has a spiral structure and the stirring blade has an arc-shaped structure.

[0013] A flotation process for efficient extraction of primary gold, used in any of the flotation apparatuses described above, includes the following steps: S1. Grind the ore until the portion with a particle size of less than 0.074mm accounts for 60%-85%, and prepare a flotation feed with a slurry concentration of 25%-45%. S2. Add a modifier to the feed ore to adjust the pH value of the slurry to 8-11; S3. Feed the slurry after slurry preparation into the flotation device for agitation and flotation. During the agitation and flotation process, the ultrasonic generator is activated at a preset time frequency. S4. During the continuous stirring and flotation process, the nozzle is turned on at a preset time frequency. The nozzle adds collector and frother to the slurry through high-pressure gas in the storage tank. The amount of collector added is 50-150g / t of raw ore, and the amount of frother added is 20-60g / t of raw ore. S5. After flotation treatment for 5-15 minutes, scrape off the foam product.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the opening interval of the ultrasonic generator is 3-5 minutes, and the duration of each opening of the ultrasonic generator is 1-3 minutes. In step S4, the opening interval of the nozzle is 30-60 seconds, and the duration of each opening of the nozzle is 5-30 seconds.

[0015] By employing the above technical solution, the present invention provides a flotation device and process for efficient extraction of single-stage gold, which has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention can form a synergistic effect by combining the ultrasonic generator and the guide plate. The guide plate guides the flow of the slurry and extends the flow path of the slurry. At the same time, the ultrasonic generator vibrates the guide plate and uses the cavitation effect generated by the ultrasonic waves to form a large number of small-diameter bubbles in the slurry at different depths. The micro-jet and shock wave generated when the cavitation bubbles collapse can effectively clean the mineral surface, remove the oxide film, and expose the fresh surface. At the same time, the violent disturbance generated can improve the mass transfer efficiency of oxygen to the slurry.

[0016] (2) The present invention, through the cooperation of the guide plate and the stirring blade, makes the gap between the guide plate and the stirring blade gradually narrow due to the rotation of the stirring blade. At this time, the slurry is subjected to strong mechanical compression and the local pressure rises sharply. After the misalignment, the gap suddenly increases, and the internal pressure of the slurry drops sharply. The air dissolved in the slurry is supersaturated and precipitates to form a large number of bubbles, thereby further treating the surface of the mineral. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, form part of this application: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guide plate structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Flotation tank; 2. Agitator; 21. Support; 22. Agitator rod; 23. Gear motor; 24. Agitator blade; 3. Dosing mechanism; 31. Nozzle; 32. Storage tank; 33. Fan 1; 4. Guiding mechanism; 41. Guiding plate; 42. Agitator plate; 5. Bubble generating mechanism; 51. Inner jacket; 52. High-pressure chamber; 53. Ultrasonic generator; 54. Vent hole; 55. Fan 2. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 A flotation device for efficient extraction of gold, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes flotation cell 1; A stirring mechanism 2 is provided on the flotation cell 1 for mixing the slurry; a reagent dosing mechanism 3 is provided on the side of the flotation cell 1 for adding reagents to the slurry; a bubble generating mechanism 5 is provided inside the flotation cell 1 for generating bubbles in the slurry; a guiding mechanism 4 is provided on the bubble generating device for guiding the flow of the slurry.

[0021] Specifically, the stirring mechanism 2 includes a support 21, which is fixedly connected to the top of the flotation cell 1. A stirring rod 22 is rotatably connected to the middle of the support 21. A reduction motor 23 is fixedly connected to the support 21. The reduction motor 23 is connected to the stirring rod 22 through a transmission connection. A stirring blade 24 is fixedly connected to the side of the stirring rod 22. The support 21 is used to support the entire stirring mechanism 2, so that the stirring mechanism 2 remains stable during the stirring of the slurry. The stirring rod 22 continuously stirs the inside of the flotation cell 1 through the stirring blade 24 fixed to the side.

[0022] Furthermore, the guiding mechanism 4 includes a guiding plate 41, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flotation cell 1. Several groups of guiding plates 41 are provided, and each group of guiding plates 41 has several plates. The several guiding plates 41 are arranged around the inner wall of the flotation cell 1. Each group of guiding plates 41 is arranged in an array at different heights in the flotation cell 1. The distance between each group of guiding plates 41 is greater than the height of the stirring blade 24. The guiding plates 41 are used to guide the flow of slurry inside the flotation cell 1. At the same time, the guiding plates 41 can form multiple sets of barrier structures inside the flotation cell 1 to hinder the settling of the slurry, thereby prolonging the contact time between the slurry and the reagents or bubbles. Both the guide plate 41 and the stirring blade 24 are inclined, and their inclination angles are similar, less than 30 degrees. Therefore, as the stirring blade 24 rotates with the stirring rod 22, it continuously approaches the guide plate 41 at different positions at the same height. At the same time, the gap between the stirring blade 24 and the guide plate 41 gradually decreases. As the gap gradually decreases, the slurry enters between the stirring blade 24 and the guide plate 41. Due to the relative movement between the stirring blade 24 and the guide plate 41, the slurry is quickly drawn into the relatively narrow gap. As the stirring blade 24 rotates to the position with the smallest gap, the slurry is subjected to strong mechanical compression, and the local pressure rises sharply. At the same time, due to the relative movement between the stirring blade 24 and the guide plate 41, a huge velocity gradient is generated inside the slurry layer, which is subjected to extremely high shear rates. This causes the flocs or agglomerates in the slurry to be completely broken up, and the air is sheared into finer bubbles. Meanwhile, the mixing of the reagent and mineral particles is greatly enhanced. As the stirring blade 24 rotates, it eventually becomes misaligned with the guide plate 41. At this point, the gap between the stirring blade 24 and the guide plate 41 suddenly increases. When the slurry is transported to this area where the gap suddenly widens, the pressure drops instantaneously, causing the dissolved air in the slurry to become supersaturated and precipitate. Simultaneously, the local pressure of the slurry falls below its saturated vapor pressure, triggering cavitation and generating a large number of micron-sized cavitation bubbles. These cavitation bubbles burst instantaneously in the surrounding high-pressure slurry, generating localized extreme temperatures, pressures, and intense microjets. Furthermore, because the stirring blade 24 has an inclined structure, and its downward inclination is in the same direction as its rotation, it guides the slurry upwards along the stirring blade 24 during rotation. A stirring plate 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the stirring rod 22. The stirring plate 42 is vertically mounted on the stirring rod 22 and pushes the slurry near the center of the flotation cell 1 outwards, reducing the amount of slurry that sinks directly from the center of the flotation cell 1.

[0023] It is worth noting that the dosing mechanism 3 includes a nozzle 31, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the flotation tank 1. The nozzle 31 is controlled by a solenoid valve, and its opening and closing are controlled by control signals at intervals for injecting reagents into the intermittent flotation tank 1. A storage tank 32 is connected to one side of the nozzle 31 via a pipe. The top of the storage tank 32 is connected to an inlet structure and a dosing structure via a pipe, and a control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the pipe is connected to the pipe. A blower 33 is connected to one side of the storage tank 32 via a pipe. The blower 33 is used to increase the air pressure inside the storage tank 32. The increased air pressure can spray the reagent stored in the storage tank 32 into the flotation cell 1 through high-pressure gas. The high pressure increases the speed of reagent spraying, thereby increasing the spraying distance. At the same time, the continuous high pressure can increase the solubility of oxygen, thus increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the reagent. When the reagent is added into the flotation cell 1, the dissolved oxygen and other dissolved gases in the reagent are rapidly released to form a large number of microbubbles. The bubbles collide with the slurry, thereby increasing the contact between the bubbles and the slurry.

[0024] Furthermore, the bubble generating mechanism 5 includes an inner jacket 51, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the flotation cell 1. A high-pressure chamber 52 is located between the inner jacket 51 and the flotation cell 1. Both the inner jacket 51 and the high-pressure chamber 52 are annular structures. An ultrasonic generator 53 is fixedly connected to the inner jacket 51. The inner jacket 51 is used to install the ultrasonic generator 53, and the generated vibration periodically drives the inner jacket 51 to vibrate. Simultaneously, a guide plate 41 is fixed to the inner jacket 51, so the guide plate 41 vibrates synchronously with the inner jacket 51. The ultrasonic generator is tightly fitted or welded to the outer wall of the cylinder, and the generated vibration is directly transmitted to the inner jacket 51 connected to it. The wall causes the entire inner interlayer 51 and the guide plate 41 to vibrate at the same ultrasonic frequency with high frequency and small amplitude. The vibrating inner interlayer 51 and the guide plate 41 form a vibration source, which directly transmits the vibration energy into the slurry of the flotation cell 1. The high frequency vibration forms a pressure wave with alternating density in the slurry. In the negative pressure zone, countless tiny vacuum bubbles are generated inside the slurry. In the positive pressure zone, the generated vacuum bubbles are rapidly crushed. When the bubbles collapse instantly, they generate extremely high local temperature and pressure, and at the same time form a strong shock wave to impact the slurry. Meanwhile, the continuous high frequency vibration of the guide plate 41 and the inner interlayer 51 can reduce the amount of slurry adhering to the side wall of the inner interlayer 51 or the guide plate 41.

[0025] Based on this, a vent hole 54 is provided at the bottom of the guide plate 41. The guide plate 41 has a hollow structure. The high-pressure chamber 52 is connected to the inside of the guide plate 41 through a pipe. The high-pressure chamber 52 is connected to a second blower 55 through a pipe. The second blower 55 can introduce a set amount of air into the high-pressure chamber 52 and the guide plate 41 to form an initial high-pressure state. The high pressure inside can prevent the slurry from passing through the vent hole 54. At the same time, during subsequent operation, air is intermittently introduced to increase the amount of air bubbles inside the slurry and improve the flotation effect.

[0026] Example 2 like Figures 6-9 As shown, compared to Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the number of guide plates 41 is replaced from several groups to several individual plates, the shape of the guide plates 41 is replaced, and the shape of the stirring blade 24 is adjusted to adapt to the shape of the guide plates 41.

[0027] Specifically, the guide plate 41 has a spiral structure, and the stirring blade 24 has an arc structure. The arc of the stirring blade 24 is similar to that of the guide plate 41. The spiral structure of the guide plate 41 combines the guide plates 41 of similar height in Example 1 into a whole, so that the slurry of the same height can flow continuously along the guide plate 41 during the flotation stirring process, and prevent the slurry from passing through the gap between the guide plates 41.

[0028] Example 3 A flotation process for efficient extraction of gold from a single stage includes the following steps: S1. Grind the ore until 60% of the particles are smaller than 0.074mm to prepare a flotation feed with a slurry concentration of 25%.

[0029] S2. Add a conditioning agent to the ore feed to adjust the pH value of the slurry to 8. The conditioning agent includes a pH adjuster, an activator, an inhibitor, a dispersant, and a flocculant. The pH adjuster is one of lime, sodium carbonate, or sodium hydroxide. The activator is one of copper sulfate, lead nitrate, or sodium sulfide. The inhibitor is one of sodium cyanide, sulfite, or thiosulfate. Sodium silicate is selected as the dispersant, and polyacrylamide is selected as the flocculant.

[0030] S3. Feed the slurry after slurry preparation into the flotation device for stirring and flotation. During the stirring and flotation process, turn on the ultrasonic generator at 3-minute intervals, and turn on the ultrasonic generator for 1 minute each time.

[0031] S4. During the continuous stirring flotation process, nozzle 31 is turned on at a frequency of 30 seconds followed by 5 seconds. The nozzle 31 adds collector and frother to the slurry through high-pressure gas in storage tank 32. The amount of collector added is 150g / t of raw ore, and the amount of frother added is 60g / t of raw ore. The collector is one of xanthate, carboxylic acid, or fatty amine reagents, and the frother is one of hydroxyl compound, ether and ether alcohol, pyridine, or ketone reagents.

[0032] S5. After 15 minutes of flotation treatment, scrape off the foam product.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flotation device for efficient extraction of gold, characterized in that: Including flotation cell (1); A mixing mechanism (2) is used to mix the slurry; Dosing mechanism (3), used to add chemicals to slurry; Guiding mechanism (4) is used to guide the flow of slurry; A bubble generating mechanism (5) is used to generate bubbles in the slurry; The stirring mechanism (2) is installed on the flotation tank (1), the dosing mechanism (3) is installed on the side of the flotation tank (1), the bubble generating mechanism (5) is installed inside the flotation tank (1), and the guiding mechanism (4) is installed on the bubble generating device.

2. The flotation device for high-efficiency extraction of gold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (2) includes a support (21), which is fixedly connected to the top of the flotation tank (1). A stirring rod (22) is rotatably connected in the middle of the support (21). A reduction motor (23) is fixedly connected on the support (21). The reduction motor (23) is connected to the stirring rod (22) in a transmission connection. A stirring blade (24) is fixedly connected to the side of the stirring rod (22).

3. The flotation device for high-efficiency extraction of gold according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guiding mechanism (4) includes a guiding plate (41), which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flotation tank (1). The guiding plate (41) is provided in several groups, and the stirring rod (22) is fixedly connected to the stirring plate (42) on its side.

4. The flotation device for high-efficiency extraction of gold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosing mechanism (3) includes a nozzle (31), which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the flotation tank (1). A storage tank (32) is connected to one side of the nozzle (31) through a pipe, and a blower (33) is connected to one side of the storage tank (32) through a pipe.

5. The flotation device for high-efficiency extraction of gold according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bubble generating mechanism (5) includes an inner jacket (51), which is fixedly connected to the inside of the flotation cell (1). The inner jacket (51) and the flotation cell (1) are connected to a high-pressure chamber (52), and an ultrasonic generator (53) is fixedly connected to the inner jacket (51).

6. The flotation apparatus for high-efficiency extraction of gold according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the guide plate (41) is provided with a vent hole (54). The guide plate (41) is a hollow structure. The high pressure chamber (52) is connected to the inside of the guide plate (41) through a pipe. The high pressure chamber (52) is connected to a second fan (55) through a pipe.

7. The flotation apparatus for high-efficiency extraction of gold according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each group of guide plates (41) is provided with several of them. Several guide plates (41) are arranged around the inner wall of the flotation tank (1). Each group of guide plates (41) is set at a different height in the flotation tank (1). The guide plates (41) and the stirring blades (24) are both inclined, and the inclination angle of the guide plates (41) and the stirring blades (24) is less than 30°.

8. A flotation apparatus for high-efficiency extraction of gold according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide plate (41) has a spiral structure, and the stirring blade (24) has an arc structure.

9. A flotation process for efficient extraction of primary gold, used in the flotation apparatus for efficient extraction of primary gold as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Grind the ore until the portion with a particle size of less than 0.074mm accounts for 60%-85%, and prepare a flotation feed with a slurry concentration of 25%-45%. S2. Add a modifier to the feed ore to adjust the pH value of the slurry to 8-11; S3. Feed the slurry after slurry preparation into the flotation device for agitation and flotation. During the agitation and flotation process, the ultrasonic generator is activated at a preset time frequency. S4. During the continuous stirring and flotation process, the nozzle (31) is turned on at a preset time frequency. The nozzle (31) adds collector and frother to the slurry through the high pressure gas in the storage tank (32). The amount of collector added is 50-150g / t of raw ore, and the amount of frother added is 20-60g / t of raw ore. S5. After flotation treatment for 5-15 minutes, scrape off the foam product.

10. The flotation process for efficient extraction of gold in a single stage according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S3, the ultrasonic generator is turned on at intervals of 3-5 minutes, and each turn of the ultrasonic generator lasts for 1-3 minutes. In step S4, the nozzle (31) is turned on at intervals of 30-60 seconds, and each turn of the nozzle (31) lasts for 5-30 seconds.

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