A turbine flame arrestor that can intercept a detonation particle
By installing a turbine flame arrester in the protective enclosure, the turbine blades and blast wave energy-absorbing components are used to intercept the detonation particles and flames generated by the thermal runaway of the lithium battery. This solves the problem that the protective enclosure cannot effectively intercept detonation particles and flames, and improves safety and fire extinguishing efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HANGKE TECH DEV
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing protective boxes cannot effectively intercept and handle detonation particles when lithium batteries experience thermal runaway, leading to the release of toxic particulate matter that endangers passenger health. Furthermore, flames can easily escape from the pressure relief vent, increasing the difficulty of extinguishing the fire.
Design a turbine flame arrester comprising a turbine interception chamber, an exhaust cover, and an explosion-proof and silencing air inlet. It uses turbine blades and explosion wave energy-absorbing components to intercept detonation particles, stores particles through the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber, and uses silencing materials to treat the flame.
It effectively intercepts and stores detonation particles, prevents the release of toxic substances, extinguishes flames, reduces health hazards to passengers, minimizes external dangers, and improves fire extinguishing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224331414U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of civil aviation fire extinguishing and explosion protection technology, and in particular to a turbine flame arrester that can intercept detonation particles. Background Technology
[0002] With the widespread use of lithium batteries in electronic devices, fires and explosions caused by thermal runaway of lithium batteries in aircraft cabins are becoming increasingly frequent. In the event of thermal runaway fire or explosion of lithium batteries or electronic devices containing lithium batteries, protective enclosures are typically used for isolation, fire suppression, and explosion protection. The flames from burning lithium batteries or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic devices inside a protective enclosure can spread erratically. An explosion could generate a blast wave and create a high-pressure environment within the enclosure. While existing protective enclosures typically have pressure relief vents to release pressure and blast wave energy, the localized combustion and explosion of lithium batteries or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic devices can produce detonation particles. These particles contain toxic particulate matter, such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, cadmium, lead, mercury, and lithium. Inhalation of cobalt compound particles can cause respiratory illnesses (such as pneumonia and asthma), and cobalt compounds are also carcinogenic. Inhalation of nickel compound particles can cause lung disease, and nickel compounds are also carcinogenic. Inhalation of manganese compound particles can damage the nervous system, leading to symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease, such as muscle tremors and movement disorders. Inhalation of cadmium compound particles can cause kidney damage and bone diseases. Detonation particles also contain electrolyte solvents (adhering to the particles) and harmful substances such as fluorides. Traditional protective enclosures lack protective structures to prevent the discharge of these toxic particles, which can escape through pressure relief vents, causing personal injury to personnel and passengers outside. Furthermore, existing protective bags or boxes do not have dedicated flame extinguishing or flame arresters inside (nor are they located at the pressure relief vents, allowing flames to easily escape from the vents). This prevents timely and effective extinguishing of the flames, increasing the difficulty of firefighting and potentially causing harm to external areas through the pressure relief vents. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a turbine flame arrester that is mainly installed inside the protective bag or protective box and at the pressure relief port, and can intercept detonation particles. It is mainly used to deal with the combustion and explosion caused by thermal runaway of lithium batteries or lithium battery-containing electronic devices in the protective box or protective bag.
[0004] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0005] A turbine flame arrester capable of intercepting detonation particles includes a turbine interception chamber, an exhaust cover sealed to the top of the turbine interception chamber, and a detonating and silencing air inlet sealed to the bottom of the turbine interception chamber. The turbine interception chamber has a concave cavity for intercepting and storing detonation particles, and the bottom of the concave cavity is a turbine base plate with an air inlet A at its center. One end of the detonating and silencing air inlet is an air inlet, and the other end is sealed to the bottom of the turbine interception chamber. The inner wall of the detonating and silencing air inlet is provided with blast wave energy-absorbing elements. The exhaust cover has several exhaust holes.
[0006] To better realize this utility model, the turbine base plate is fixed with a turbine blade assembly, which is composed of several turbine arc blades, and all the turbine blades of the turbine blade assembly are circumferentially distributed around the air inlet A.
[0007] Preferably, the turbine arc blade is generally arc-shaped, the height of the turbine arc blade is less than the height of the concave cavity of the turbine interception cavity, and the arc orientation of all turbine blades in the turbine blade assembly is consistent.
[0008] Preferably, the explosion wave energy absorber is a wave-shaped continuous combined energy absorber or a raised single energy absorber.
[0009] Preferably, the explosion wave energy absorber has an arc-shaped surface and a sound-absorbing cavity located inside the arc-shaped surface. The arc-shaped surface of the wave energy absorber has several quenching holes, and the sound-absorbing cavity of the explosion wave energy absorber is filled with a sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material.
[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the explosion-proof and silencing air intake cylinder is further equipped with a flame-retardant energy-absorbing material made of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material and ceramic fiber composite material.
[0011] Preferably, the top edge of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber has an annular ear plate A with an outward-folding structure, and the ear plate A of the turbine interception chamber is fixed to the exhaust cover plate by screws.
[0012] Preferably, a rubber gasket is provided between the ear plate A of the turbine interception cavity and the air outlet cover plate.
[0013] Preferably, the opening of the explosion-proof and noise-reducing air intake cylinder connected to the turbine interception cavity has an annular lug plate B with an outward-folding structure, and the lug plate B of the explosion-proof and noise-reducing air intake cylinder is fixed to the turbine base plate of the turbine interception cavity by screws.
[0014] Preferably, the air inlet of the explosion-proof and silencing air inlet is fixed with an air inlet base plate, and the air inlet base plate has a plurality of air inlet holes B.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
[0016] This utility model is mainly designed to address the combustion and explosion caused by thermal runaway of lithium batteries or lithium battery-containing electronic devices in protective boxes or bags. The combustion and explosion gas flow is first divided and absorbed by the explosion wave energy absorption components in the explosion-proof and sound-absorbing air intake, which generate shock wave effects. Then, the explosion gas flow is intercepted by detonation particles in the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber. The detonation particles in the explosion gas flow are first blocked and intercepted by each turbine blade, and then accumulated at the bottom of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber under the guidance of the turbine blade assembly. The gas is discharged through each air outlet. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the turbine flame arrester assembly after installation in the embodiment.
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the vent cover;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vent cover.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of explosion-proof and noise-reducing air inlet in the embodiment;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of explosion-proof and noise-reducing air inlet in the embodiment.
[0022] The names corresponding to the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:
[0023] 1 - Exhaust cover, 11 - Exhaust port, 2 - Turbine interception chamber, 21 - Turbine base plate, 211 - Inlet port A, 22 - Turbine arc blade, 23 - Ear plate A, 3 - Explosion-proof silencer inlet, 31 - Inlet port, 4 - Explosion wave energy absorption component, 5 - Inlet base plate, 51 - Inlet port B. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments:
[0025] Example
[0026] like Figures 1-3As shown, a turbine flame arrester capable of intercepting detonation particles includes a turbine interception chamber 2, an exhaust cover 2 sealed to the top of the turbine interception chamber 2, and an explosion-proof and silencing air inlet 3 sealed to the bottom of the turbine interception chamber 2. The turbine interception chamber 2 has a concave cavity for intercepting and storing detonation particles. The bottom of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2 is a turbine base plate 21, and an air inlet A211 is opened in the center of the turbine base plate 21. Thermal runaway of a lithium battery or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic device causes combustion and explosion. The gas flow carrying detonation particles enters through the inlet A211 and is then intercepted in the recess of the turbine interception chamber 2. The gas is discharged through the outlet 11 of the outlet cover 2. The gas flow entering through the inlet A211 of the turbine base plate 21 slows down and changes direction in the recess of the turbine interception chamber 2. The outlet 11 of the outlet cover 2 does not directly correspond to the inlet A211; the gas flow changes direction by passing through the recess of the turbine interception chamber 2, allowing the detonation particles to be intercepted and stored in the recess of the turbine interception chamber 2. In some embodiments, the top edge of the recess of the turbine interception chamber 2 has an outwardly flared annular lug A23, which is fixed to the outlet cover 1 by screws. A rubber gasket is also provided between the lug A23 and the outlet cover 1.
[0027] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, a turbine blade assembly is fixed to the turbine base plate 21. The turbine blade assembly consists of several turbine arc-shaped blades 22, all of which are circumferentially distributed around the air inlet A211. The turbine arc-shaped blades 22 are generally arc-shaped, and their height is less than the height of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2. The arc orientation of all turbine blades 22 in the turbine blade assembly is consistent (see...). Figure 2 All turbine blades 22 guide the explosive airflow in a clockwise or counterclockwise motion. Figure 2 (Counter-clockwise) In the explosive gas flow, the detonation particles are first blocked and intercepted by each turbine blade 22 (after interception, they are gradually carried by the airflow to the bottom of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2 and accumulate there). Then, guided by the turbine blade assembly, they accumulate at the bottom of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2. At the same time, under the centrifugal force of the airflow, the detonation particles will gradually deposit on the circumference of the bottom of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2, which can be cleaned up afterward. After the explosive gas flow is treated by the detonation particle interception in the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2, the gas will be discharged through each of the exhaust holes 11 (the diameter of the exhaust holes 11 is small) on the exhaust cover plate 2.
[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, one end of the explosion-proof silencer air inlet cylinder 3 is the air inlet 31. This inlet of the explosion-proof silencer air inlet cylinder 3 does not have an air inlet base plate 5 installed; the entire inlet serves as the air inlet 31. Of course, the explosion-proof silencer air inlet cylinder 3 of this utility model can also adopt the following structural technical solutions: such as... Figure 5As shown, the air inlet 31 of the explosion-proof silencer air inlet 3 is fixed with an air inlet base plate 5. Several air inlet holes B51 are opened on the air inlet base plate 5. Each air inlet hole B51 of the air inlet base plate 5 also serves to divide the explosion shock wave and the combustion flame, and at the same time, it prevents larger particles from impacting the interior of the explosion-proof silencer air inlet 3, so that larger particles are blocked and fall back into the protective box.
[0029] The other end of the explosion-proof and noise-reducing air intake 3 is sealed to the bottom of the turbine interception chamber 2. Preferably, the opening of the explosion-proof and noise-reducing air intake 3 connected to the turbine interception chamber 2 has an annular lug B with an outward-flaring structure. The lug B of the explosion-proof and noise-reducing air intake 3 is fixed to the turbine base plate 21 of the turbine interception chamber 2 by screws. The inner wall of the explosion-proof and noise-reducing air intake 3 is provided with explosion wave energy-absorbing elements 4 (the explosion wave energy-absorbing elements 4 can divide and absorb the shock wave effect generated by the explosion); the exhaust cover plate 2 has several exhaust holes 11.
[0030] The blast wave energy absorber 4 is either a continuous wave-shaped combined energy absorber or a raised single energy absorber. See [link / reference] Figure 4 , Figure 5 The explosion wave energy absorber 4 is a single, raised energy absorber, which is an independent structure. The combined energy absorber is a wave-like, continuous energy absorber that protrudes onto the inner wall of the explosion-proof and silencer inlet cylinder 3. The explosion wave energy absorber 4 has an arc-shaped surface and a sound-absorbing cavity located inside the arc-shaped surface. The arc-shaped surface of the wave energy absorber has several quenching holes. The sound-absorbing cavity of the explosion wave energy absorber 4 is filled with a sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material. For example, the sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material is a honeycomb structure (i.e., it has a honeycomb-like porous structure inside) made of glass wool (mainly responsible for sound absorption), carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material (mainly responsible for energy absorption), and ceramic fiber (mainly responsible for flame retardancy). In this embodiment, the turbine flame arrester is installed at the pressure relief port of the protective box as an example. When the lithium battery or lithium battery-containing electronic device inside the protective box explodes due to thermal runaway, the explosion generates a shock wave effect that reaches the explosion wave energy absorber 4 and is divided and absorbed by the explosion wave energy absorber 4. If the flame is transmitted to the explosion wave energy absorber 4, it can be quenched by the quenching hole. The sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material of the explosion wave energy absorber 4 plays the roles of sound absorption, energy absorption, and flame retardancy.
[0031] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the explosion-proof and silencing air intake cylinder 3 is also equipped with a flame-retardant energy-absorbing material made of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite and ceramic fiber composite. The flame-retardant energy-absorbing material is attached to the inner wall of the explosion-proof and silencing air intake cylinder 3 (the part of the inner wall where the explosion wave energy-absorbing component 4 is not installed is attached with the flame-retardant energy-absorbing material).
[0032] This invention takes the pressure relief port of a civil aviation explosion-proof protective box (which can be an explosion-proof protective bag) as an example (of course, it can also be directly installed on the inside of the civil aviation explosion-proof protective bag or protective box, without venting but only intercepting detonation particles). Thermal runaway of the lithium battery or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic equipment in the protective box causes a combustion and explosion gas flow. This combustion and explosion gas flow, carrying detonation particles, enters through the various air inlets B51 of the air inlet base plate 5. Each air inlet B51 also serves to divide the explosion shock wave and combustion flame, preventing larger particles from falling back into the protective box. Then, the combustion and explosion gas flow is divided and absorbed by the various explosion wave energy-absorbing components 4 in the explosion-proof and silencing air inlet cylinder 3, simultaneously extinguishing the fire. Next, the explosive gas flow enters the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2 through the inlet A211. The detonation particles in the gas flow are first blocked by the turbine blades 22 (after being blocked, they are gradually carried by the airflow to the bottom of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2 and accumulate there). Then, guided by the turbine blade assembly, they accumulate at the bottom of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2. Simultaneously, under the centrifugal force of the airflow, the detonation particles gradually deposit on the circumference of the bottom of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2, which can be cleaned up afterwards. After the explosive gas flow undergoes detonation particle interception in the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber 2, the gas is discharged through the outlets 11.
[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A turbine flame arrestor capable of intercepting a detonation particle, characterized by: The device includes a turbine interception chamber, an exhaust cover sealed to the top of the turbine interception chamber, and an explosion-proof and silencer inlet cylinder sealed to the bottom of the turbine interception chamber. The turbine interception chamber has a concave cavity for intercepting and storing detonation particles. The bottom of the concave cavity is a turbine base plate, and an air inlet A is opened in the center of the turbine base plate. One end of the explosion-proof and silencer inlet cylinder is an air inlet, and the other end of the explosion-proof and silencer inlet cylinder is sealed to the bottom of the turbine interception chamber. The inner wall of the explosion-proof and silencer inlet cylinder is provided with explosion wave energy-absorbing elements. The exhaust cover plate has several exhaust holes.
2. A turbine flame arrestor capable of intercepting a detonation particle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbine base plate is fixed with a turbine blade assembly, which consists of several turbine arc blades. All the turbine blades of the turbine blade assembly are distributed in a circle around the air inlet A.
3. A turbine flame arrestor capable of intercepting a detonation particle according to claim 2, wherein: The turbine arc blades are generally arc-shaped, and the height of the turbine arc blades is less than the height of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber. All turbine blades in the turbine blade assembly have the same arc orientation.
4. A turbine flame arrestor capable of intercepting a detonation particle according to claim 1, wherein: The energy-absorbing component of the explosion wave is either a wave-shaped continuous combination of energy-absorbing components or a raised single energy-absorbing component.
5. A turbine flame arrestor capable of intercepting a detonation particle according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The explosion wave energy absorber has an arc-shaped surface and a sound-absorbing cavity located inside the arc-shaped surface. The arc-shaped surface of the wave energy absorber has several quenching holes, and the sound-absorbing cavity of the explosion wave energy absorber is filled with sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material.
6. A turbine flame arrestor capable of intercepting a detonation particle according to claim 1, wherein: The inner wall of the explosion-proof and silencing air intake cylinder is also fitted with a flame-retardant energy-absorbing material made of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite and ceramic fiber composite.
7. A turbine flame arrestor capable of intercepting a detonation particle according to claim 1, wherein: The top edge of the concave cavity of the turbine interception chamber has an annular ear plate A with an outward-folding structure, and the ear plate A of the turbine interception chamber is fixed to the exhaust cover plate by screws.
8. A turbine flame arrestor capable of intercepting a detonation particle according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rubber gasket is also provided between the ear plate A of the turbine interception chamber and the exhaust cover plate.
9. A turbine flame arrestor capable of intercepting a detonation particle according to claim 1, wherein: The opening of the explosion-proof and noise-reducing air intake cylinder connected to the turbine interception cavity has an outward-folding annular lug plate B, and the lug plate B of the explosion-proof and noise-reducing air intake cylinder is fixed to the turbine base plate of the turbine interception cavity by screws.
10. A turbine flame arrestor capable of intercepting a detonation particle according to claim 1, wherein: The air inlet of the explosion-proof and silencing air inlet is fixed with an air inlet base plate, and the air inlet base plate has a plurality of air inlet holes B.