Shield muck multi-stage rapid separation device based on visual algorithm

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-stage rapid separation device for tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation based on a visual algorithm, relating to the field of TBM tunneling technology. It includes a feeding conveyor belt with an image acquisition unit that collects image data of the excavated material on the conveyor belt. A sorting unit is located at the outlet of the conveyor belt, with a slurry treatment unit and an excavated material treatment unit respectively located on either side of the sorting unit. The slurry treatment unit and the excavated material treatment unit are connected. The sorting unit determines whether the excavated material on the conveyor belt enters the slurry treatment unit or the excavated material treatment unit based on the recognition results of the image acquisition unit. This invention employs the aforementioned multi-stage rapid separation device for TBM excavation based on a visual algorithm, ensuring the continuity and stability of the separation operation and improving separation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of TBM tunneling technology, and in particular to a multi-stage rapid separation device for tunnel excavation debris based on visual algorithms. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the construction scale and number of shield tunnels in my country have continued to expand. During the construction of shield tunnels, the excavated soil generated by the shield machine cutting through the strata needs to be separated and treated in a timely and effective manner. The separation effect directly affects the shield construction efficiency, equipment service life and construction environment. The shield excavated soil separation technology currently used in engineering mainly relies on a combination of mechanical screening (such as vibrating screens and drum screens) and hydraulic cyclone separation. However, these existing technologies have many insurmountable defects and cannot meet the needs of efficient and accurate separation under complex geological conditions.

[0003] Existing separation technologies lack real-time and accurate monitoring capabilities for the condition of construction waste, failing to dynamically acquire key parameters such as particle size distribution, moisture content, and component composition. They can only operate based on preset, fixed mechanical parameters, resulting in low separation accuracy. For example, when the content of fine clay particles in the construction waste increases sharply, they easily adhere to the screen, causing blockages, while coarse aggregates may enter subsequent pipelines due to incomplete screening, exacerbating equipment wear. Secondly, the parameters of the multi-stage separation process remain unchanged, unable to be dynamically adjusted according to the characteristics of construction waste under different geological conditions such as hard rock layers, gravel layers, and clay layers. This results in poor adaptability, low separation efficiency, and a tendency for secondary solid-liquid mixing. Furthermore, existing devices lack intelligent control mechanisms. When the amount of construction waste fluctuates or its composition changes abruptly, manual shutdown and parameter adjustment are required, leading to long response times, construction waste accumulation, and slowing down the tunnel boring machine's advance. In addition, due to incomplete separation, the recovery rate of usable aggregates is insufficient, and the resulting wastewater has excessive mud content, causing resource waste and failing to meet the environmental protection requirements of green construction.

[0004] In summary, existing shield tunneling muck separation technology has significant shortcomings in terms of accuracy, adaptability, efficiency, and environmental friendliness. There is an urgent need for a multi-stage rapid separation technology that integrates visual monitoring and intelligent control to address these technical deficiencies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage rapid separation device for tunnel boring machine excavation based on visual algorithms. By combining visual recognition algorithms with a multi-stage separation device, the continuity and stability of the separation operation are ensured, the separation efficiency is improved, and problems such as screen clogging, coarse particle leakage, and secondary solid-liquid mixing are avoided.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-stage rapid separation device for tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavated soil based on a visual algorithm. The device includes a feeding conveyor belt, an image acquisition unit on which image data of the excavated soil on the conveyor belt is acquired, a sorting unit at the outlet of the conveyor belt, and a slurry treatment unit and an excavated soil treatment unit on either side of the sorting unit, which are connected. The sorting unit determines whether the excavated soil on the conveyor belt enters the slurry treatment unit or the excavated soil treatment unit based on the recognition results of the image acquisition unit.

[0007] Preferably, the image acquisition unit includes a mounting frame, with both ends fixed to both sides of the conveyor belt, and a camera and a camera light source are mounted on the mounting frame.

[0008] Preferably, the sorting unit includes a sorting table, with a perforated plate and a large-diameter slag outlet respectively on both sides of the sorting table. One side of the perforated plate of the sorting table corresponds to the input side of the slurry treatment unit, and the other side of the large-diameter slag outlet corresponds to the input side of the slag treatment unit. A lifting platform is provided at the bottom of the sorting table, and several telescopic columns are provided below the lifting platform.

[0009] Preferably, the slurry treatment unit includes a slurry distribution platform for receiving slurry filtered from one side of the sorting table's perforated plate and small-diameter slag. A slurry receiving hopper is located at the bottom of the slurry distribution platform, and a slurry separation box is connected to the bottom of the slurry receiving hopper. The slurry separation box contains a pushing plate and a filtering / dewatering plate. A torque motor connected to the pushing plate is located on one side of the slurry separation box, and the pushing plate pushes the slurry in the slurry separation box to the filtering / dewatering plate. A small-diameter slag discharge port for receiving dewatered small-diameter slag is located at the bottom of the slurry separation box. One end of a slurry pumping pipe for receiving slurry is connected to the other side of the slurry separation box, and the other end of the slurry pumping pipe is connected to the slag treatment unit.

[0010] Preferably, a spare separation box with the same structure as the slurry separation box is provided on one side of the slurry separation box to ensure that the separation equipment can operate continuously.

[0011] Preferably, the slag treatment unit includes a multi-stage screening table set on one side of the large-diameter slag outlet of the sorting table. Several rotating rollers are set on the bottom surface of the multi-stage screening table. A spraying pipe is set above the multi-stage screening table. The spraying pipe is connected to a slurry storage tank and a water pump is set near the slurry storage tank.

[0012] Preferably, the spacing between the rotating rollers is set to gradually increase from left to right.

[0013] Preferably, a large-diameter conveyor belt, a medium-diameter conveyor belt, and a small-diameter conveyor belt are arranged sequentially from left to right between the rotating roller and the slurry storage tank, and the spacing between them corresponds to that between the rotating roller and the roller.

[0014] Preferably, the slurry storage tank is connected to a mud and water discharge pipe on the side away from the multi-stage screening table.

[0015] Preferably, when the image acquisition unit identifies, based on the visual algorithm, that the moisture content of the slag on the feeding conveyor belt is low or that the slag is determined to be coarse-grained rock slag, the sorting unit sorts it to the slag processing unit. When the image acquisition unit identifies, based on the visual algorithm, that the slag on the feeding conveyor belt has a high moisture content or that the slag is determined to be of the fine particle type of mud and sand, the sorting unit will sort it to the slurry processing unit. When the moisture content or particle size is appropriate, the sorting unit first sorts the material to the slurry treatment unit, avoiding the mud and fine sand, and then pours the large pieces of slag into the waste soil treatment unit.

[0016] Therefore, the multi-stage rapid separation device for tunnel boring machine excavation based on the above-mentioned visual algorithm has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. This application uses a visual algorithm to collect key data such as particle size distribution and composition ratio of slag in real time. This not only eliminates the need for manual shutdown to adjust multi-level separation parameters such as screen size and rotation speed when the slag composition changes abruptly, but also allows for synchronous dynamic adaptation to separation process parameters. This avoids problems such as screen clogging, coarse particle leakage, and secondary solid-liquid mixing, ensuring the continuity and stability of the separation operation, improving separation efficiency, and accurately controlling separation precision. 2. This application can automatically issue an alarm through a visual recognition linkage alarm structure when the separation efficiency is lower than the preset threshold or when the risk of slag accumulation appears, so as to promptly remind tunnel construction personnel to check and adjust, shorten the early warning response and handling time for separation failure and accumulation risk. At the same time, the effective separation increases the recovery rate of useful aggregates, reduces the mud content of wastewater to within the environmental protection standard, reduces resource waste, and meets the requirements of green construction.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the shield tunneling muck multi-stage rapid separation device based on visual algorithms of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the slurry treatment unit of the shield tunneling slag multi-stage rapid separation device based on visual algorithms of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the slurry separation box of the shield tunneling muck multi-stage rapid separation device based on visual algorithms of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the slag treatment unit of the shield tunnel slag multi-stage rapid separation device based on visual algorithms of the present invention; Figure 5This is a diagram showing the distribution of rotating rollers in the multi-stage rapid separation device for tunnel boring machine excavation based on visual algorithms, as described in this invention. Figure 6 This is a particle size diagram of the shield tunneling slag multi-stage rapid separation device based on visual algorithms according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure Labels 1. Feeding conveyor belt; 2. Image acquisition unit; 3. Sorting unit; 4. Slurry processing unit; 5. Slag processing unit; 21. Mounting frame; 22. Camera; 23. Camera light source; 31. Sorting table; 32. Slug plate; 33. Large-diameter slag outlet; 34. Lifting platform; 35. Telescopic column; 41. Slurry distribution table; 42. Slurry receiving hopper; 43. Slurry separation box; 44. Push plate; 45. Filter dewatering plate; 46. Torque motor; 47. Small-diameter slag discharge port; 48. Slurry pumping pipeline; 49. Backup separation box; 51. Multi-stage screening table; 52. Rotating roller; 53. Spraying pipeline; 54. Slurry storage tank; 55. Water pump; 56. Large-diameter conveyor belt; 57. Medium-diameter conveyor belt; 58. Small-diameter conveyor belt; 59. Mud and water discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0021] Example like Figures 1-6 As shown, the shield tunneling slag multi-stage rapid separation device based on visual algorithm of the present invention includes a feeding conveyor belt 1, an image acquisition unit 2 is provided on the feeding conveyor belt 1, the image acquisition unit 2 collects image data of the slag on the feeding conveyor belt 1, a sorting unit 3 is provided at the outlet of the feeding conveyor belt 1, a slurry treatment unit 4 and a slag treatment unit 5 are respectively provided on both sides of the sorting unit 3, the slurry treatment unit 4 and the slag treatment unit 5 are connected, and the sorting unit 3 determines whether the slag on the feeding conveyor belt 1 enters the slurry treatment unit 4 or the slag treatment unit 5 according to the recognition result of the image acquisition unit 2.

[0022] The image acquisition unit 2 includes a mounting frame 21, which is fixed at both ends to the two sides of the conveyor belt. A camera 22 and a camera light source 23 are mounted on the mounting frame 21.

[0023] The sorting unit 3 includes a sorting table 31. A perforated plate 32 and a large-diameter slag outlet 33 are respectively provided on both sides of the sorting table 31. One side of the perforated plate 32 of the sorting table 31 corresponds to the input side of the slurry treatment unit 4, and one side of the large-diameter slag outlet 33 corresponds to the input side of the slag treatment unit 5. A lifting platform 34 is provided at the bottom of the sorting table 31. Several telescopic columns are provided below the lifting platform 34 to control the lifting platform 34 to achieve the effect of left high and right low or left low and right high.

[0024] The slurry treatment unit 4 includes a slurry distribution platform 41 that receives slurry filtered from one side of the filter plate 32 of the sorting table 31 and small-diameter slag. A slurry receiving hopper 42 is provided at the bottom of the slurry distribution platform 41. A slurry separation box 43 is connected to the bottom of the slurry receiving hopper 42. A push plate 44 and a filter dewatering plate 45 are provided inside the slurry separation box 43. A torque motor 46 connected to the push plate 44 is provided on one side of the slurry separation box 43. The push plate 44 pushes the slurry in the slurry separation box 43 to the filter dewatering plate 45. A small-diameter slag discharge port 47 is provided at the bottom of the slurry separation box 43 to receive the dewatered small-diameter slag. One end of a slurry pumping pipe 48 for receiving slurry is connected to the other side of the slurry separation box 43. The other end of the slurry pumping pipe 48 is connected to the slag treatment unit 5.

[0025] A spare separation tank 49 with the same structure as the slurry separation tank 43 is provided on one side of the slurry separation tank 43.

[0026] The slag treatment unit 5 includes a multi-stage screening table 51 located on one side of the large-diameter slag outlet 33 of the sorting table 31. Several rotating rollers 52 are arranged on the bottom surface of the multi-stage screening table 51. A spraying pipe 53 is arranged above the multi-stage screening table 51. The spraying pipe 53 is connected to a slurry storage tank 54, and a water pump 55 is arranged near the slurry storage tank of the spraying pipe 53.

[0027] The spacing between the rotating rollers 52 is set to gradually increase from left to right.

[0028] A large-diameter conveyor belt 56, a medium-diameter conveyor belt 57, and a small-diameter conveyor belt 58 are arranged sequentially from left to right between the rotating roller 52 and the slurry storage tank, and the spacing between them corresponds to that between the rotating roller 52 and the roller 52.

[0029] A mud and water discharge pipe 59 is connected to the side of the slurry storage tank away from the multi-stage screening table 51.

[0030] When the image acquisition unit 2 identifies, based on the visual algorithm, that the moisture content of the slag on the feeding conveyor belt 1 is low or that the slag is determined to be coarse-grained rock slag, the sorting unit 3 sorts it to the slag processing unit 5. When the image acquisition unit 2 identifies, based on the visual algorithm, that the slag on the feeding conveyor belt 1 has a high moisture content or is determined to be fine-particle mud and sand, the sorting unit 3 sorts it to the slurry treatment unit 4. When the moisture content or particle size is appropriate, the sorting unit 3 first sorts the material to the slurry treatment unit 4, and after removing the mud and fine sand, the large pieces of slag are poured into the slag treatment unit 5.

[0031] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 1 As shown, the slag produced by the tunnel boring machine cutting through the strata is conveyed to the sorting station via a feeding conveyor belt. An image acquisition unit is installed on the feeding conveyor belt to collect images of the slag during the conveying process. After image processing, the particle size distribution information of the slag is measured by a visual algorithm to obtain the slag gradation parameters. Based on the identified particle size information and moisture content information, the sorting station pours the slag into the slurry treatment unit or the slag treatment unit.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the slurry distribution platform of the slurry treatment unit receives the slurry and small-diameter slag filtered by the sorting platform through the perforated screen. The slurry flows into the slurry separation tank through the slurry receiving hopper. The torque motor drives the pusher plate to push the slurry and small-diameter slag towards the filter dewatering plate. After the small-diameter slag is squeezed and separated, it will accumulate in front of the filter plate. To deal with the accumulation problem, the small-diameter slag discharge port is set as a movable door that can slide back and forth along the pushing direction. The small-diameter slag discharge port is closed during the pushing process and opened when the pushing process ends. The door is opened and closed once for each pushing cycle. Under the action of gravity, the slag falls into this belt conveyor line for timely processing. The slurry is pumped out from the slurry pumping pipeline. Two slurry separation tanks are set up to operate alternately to ensure continuous operation of the device.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, larger-diameter slag flows from the large-diameter slag outlet into the multi-stage screening table. The spacing between the rotating rollers gradually increases from left to right. Slag flows from the gaps onto the large-diameter conveyor belt, medium-diameter conveyor belt, and small-diameter conveyor belt according to its particle size, which facilitates the recovery rate of subsequent slag aggregate. The water pump sprays mud and water onto the rotating rollers through the spray pipe, which can prevent dust and act as a lubricant to make the slag flow out of the rotating rollers. The slurry storage tank is used to store the mud and water, realizing the recycling of mud and water. Excess mud and water can be discharged through the mud and water discharge pipe.

[0034] In addition, such as Figure 6As shown, the device can also obtain the real-time surrounding rock classification of the tunneling strata by statistically analyzing the gradation characteristics of the excavated soil after shield tunneling of typical Class III to V surrounding rock and comparing them with the gradation parameters of excavated soil obtained by the visual algorithm. This allows for the acquisition of the corresponding rock strata physical property parameters, which in turn assists the shield tunneling operator in adjusting the tunneling parameters according to the surrounding rock conditions.

[0035] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned visual algorithm-based multi-stage rapid separation device for tunnel boring machine excavation, which combines the visual recognition algorithm with the multi-stage separation device to ensure the continuity and stability of the separation operation, improve the separation efficiency, and avoid problems such as screen clogging, coarse particle leakage, and secondary solid-liquid mixing.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage rapid separation device for shield muck based on a visual algorithm, characterized in that: The application relates to a slurry and slag separation device.

2. The multi-stage rapid separation device for shield muck based on visual algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image acquisition unit comprises a mounting frame fixed at both sides of the conveying belt, a camera and a camera light source arranged on the mounting frame.

3. The multi-stage rapid separation device for shield muck based on visual algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting unit comprises a sorting table, a leakage plate and a large-diameter slag outlet arranged at both sides of the sorting table, one side of the leakage plate corresponding to the input side of the slurry treatment unit, one side of the large-diameter slag outlet corresponding to the input side of the slag treatment unit, and a lifting table arranged at the bottom of the sorting table and a plurality of telescopic columns arranged below the lifting table.

4. The multi-stage rapid separation device for shield muck based on visual algorithm according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slurry treatment unit comprises a slurry distribution table for receiving the slurry and small-diameter slag filtered by one side of the leakage plate of the sorting table, a slurry receiving hopper arranged at the bottom of the slurry distribution table, a slurry separation tank connected to the bottom of the slurry receiving hopper, a pushing plate and a filter dehydration plate arranged in the slurry separation tank, a torque motor connected to one side of the slurry separation tank, the pushing plate pushing the slurry in the slurry separation tank to the filter dehydration plate, a small-diameter slag discharge port arranged at the bottom of the slurry separation tank for receiving the small-diameter slag after dehydration, and one end of a slurry pumping pipeline connected to the other side of the slurry separation tank and the other end of the slurry pumping pipeline connected to the slag treatment unit.

5. The multi-stage rapid separation device for shield muck based on visual algorithm according to claim 4, characterized in that: One side of the slurry separation tank is provided with a standby separation tank with the same structure as the slurry separation tank.

6. The multi-stage rapid separation device for shield muck based on visual algorithm according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slag treatment unit comprises a multi-stage screening table arranged at one side of the large-diameter slag outlet of the sorting table, a plurality of rotating rollers arranged on the bottom surface of the multi-stage screening table, a spraying pipeline arranged above the multi-stage screening table, and a water pump arranged at the position of the spraying pipeline close to the slurry storage tank.

7. The multi-stage rapid separation device for shield muck based on visual algorithm according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the rotating rollers gradually increases from left to right.

8. The multi-stage rapid separation device for shield muck based on visual algorithm according to claim 7, characterized in that: A large-diameter conveying belt, a medium-diameter conveying belt and a small-diameter conveying belt are sequentially arranged between the rotating rollers and the slurry storage tank from left to right and correspond to the distance between the rotating rollers.

9. The multi-stage rapid separation device for shield muck based on visual algorithm according to claim 8, characterized in that: A mud water discharge pipe is connected to one side of the slurry storage tank away from the multi-stage screening table.

10. The multi-stage rapid separation device for shield muck based on visual algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the image acquisition unit identifies that the water content of the slag on the feeding conveying belt is low or the slag is coarse-grained rock slag according to the visual algorithm, the sorting unit divides the slag into the slag treatment unit; When the image acquisition unit identifies that the water content of the slag on the feeding conveying belt is high or the slag is fine-grained mud sand according to the visual algorithm, the sorting unit divides the slag into the slurry treatment unit; When the water content or the particle size is moderate, the sorting unit is first divided into the slurry treatment unit, the fine sand in the slurry is avoided, and then the large slag stones are poured into the slag treatment unit.

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