A sodium-ion battery hard carbon negative electrode material constructed by catalytic oxidation of pitch and a preparation method and application thereof

By preparing spherical hard carbon materials through catalytic oxidation of asphalt, the problems of low compaction density and poor safety of existing hard carbon materials have been solved. This method achieves high compaction density and large carbon interlayer spacing, thereby improving the performance and safety of sodium-ion batteries.

CN122276718APending Publication Date: 2026-06-26CENT SOUTH UNIV
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN Β· China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
CENT SOUTH UNIV
Filing Date
2026-05-12
Publication Date
2026-06-26

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The existing method of using air/oxygen direct heat treatment of asphalt to prepare hard carbon materials results in excessive surface oxidation and insufficient internal oxidation, forming irregular particles, low compaction density, poor first-cycle capacity and rate performance, and safety hazards.

Method used

A catalytic oxidation method for asphalt was employed, which uses a cobalt/manganese/bromine homogeneous catalyst and oxygen in an aqueous solution to achieve uniform dispersion and internal oxidation of the asphalt. Subsequently, the asphalt was spray-dried into spherical oxidized asphalt and carbonized at high temperature under a protective atmosphere to prepare spherical hard carbon materials.

Benefits of technology

The prepared spherical hard carbon material has high compaction density and large carbon interlayer spacing, which improves the battery's first-cycle capacity, rate performance and cycle stability, avoids current collector rupture and improves battery safety.

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Abstract

This invention discloses a high-density hard carbon anode material for sodium-ion batteries constructed by catalytic oxidation of asphalt, its preparation method, and its application. First, asphalt raw materials are added to an aqueous solution containing an emulsifier and a homogeneous catalyst, and oxygen is introduced as the oxygen source. The mixture is then heated and catalytically oxidized in an automated constant-pressure reactor. After centrifugation, washing with water, and drying, oxidized asphalt is obtained. The oxidized asphalt is dispersed in water to obtain a uniform emulsion, and then spray-dried with alkali to obtain spherical oxidized asphalt. Under a protective atmosphere, the spherical oxidized asphalt is carbonized at high temperature to obtain the hard carbon anode material for sodium-ion batteries, which is then used in the preparation of sodium-ion batteries. The spherical hard carbon material of this invention features high compaction density and large carbon interlayer spacing, significantly improving the battery's first-cycle capacity, rate performance, and cycle stability.
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