Foundation pit slope safety reinforcing anti-sliding structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of slope reinforcement engineering technology and discloses a safety reinforcement and anti-slip structure for foundation pit slopes, including a first protective plate, a connecting plate, and a second protective plate. The two protective plates are flexibly hinged by a rotating shaft with an internal quick-release mechanism. The outer wall of the first protective plate is provided with an anti-slip mechanism that extends into the soil, and an anti-reverse component is provided between the two protective plates. The second protective plate is provided with a stabilizing mechanism and a grounding mechanism. When the slope soil slides and squeezes the protective plates, the anti-reverse component senses the deformation and pulls the moving column in the anti-slip mechanism through a steel cable, forcing the anti-slip nail to extend laterally and penetrate into the soil and lock in one direction to prevent reversal. At the same time, it pushes the wedge block of the grounding mechanism, forcing the inclined rod to penetrate deeply into the bottom soil layer. This invention cleverly utilizes the mechanical kinetic energy of soil deformation to automatically trigger three-dimensional linkage reinforcement in both the horizontal and vertical directions. It can significantly improve the anti-slip resistance without external power, and the on-site assembly and positioning are quick, significantly improving the safety of foundation pit support and the efficiency of emergency construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope reinforcement engineering technology, specifically to a structure for the safe reinforcement and anti-sliding of foundation pit slopes. Background Technology

[0002] In foundation engineering and earthwork excavation, the stability of the foundation pit slope directly affects the overall construction safety. To prevent slope slippage or collapse, structures such as retaining walls, piles, or earth retaining walls are typically used to support the excavated slope. Existing slope reinforcement structures generally form retaining structures by attaching prefabricated retaining walls to the slope surface and top, and then fixing the retaining walls to the soil using anchor bolts or soil nails.

[0003] However, existing foundation pit slope protection structures have certain limitations in practical applications. Traditional retaining plate reinforcement systems are mostly passive, rigid structures. When the slope soil is affected by external factors such as rainwater infiltration, groundwater seepage, or overloading at the top of the slope, the internal stress field of the soil changes, generating outward lateral compressive thrust. Because existing retaining plates lack a dynamic adaptation mechanism with the slope soil, when signs of localized slippage or displacement appear, the retaining plates can only passively resist the thrust by relying on the pull-out force of the existing anchors. Once the soil thrust exceeds the bearing capacity of the support structure, the retaining plates are prone to overall displacement or even overturning along with the soil, unable to spontaneously generate additional gripping force or deep anti-slip force in the early stages of slippage to curb the deformation trend of the soil, leading to the failure of the support system.

[0004] Furthermore, the existing slope reinforcement structures involve cumbersome on-site assembly and positioning. Adjacent support components are typically connected using multiple sets of bolts or on-site welding. At slope bends with varying terrain or angles, it is difficult to quickly adjust the splicing angle between the retaining plates. Simultaneously, anchoring after the retaining plates are in place often heavily relies on large piling machinery. In situations with limited construction space or requiring emergency support, workers struggle to quickly assemble the structure and secure the base, prolonging the exposure time to hazards and reducing the efficiency and practicality of slope reinforcement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a safety reinforcement and anti-sliding structure for foundation pit slopes. Existing foundation pit slope support structures, as passive force-bearing systems, cannot spontaneously increase deep anti-sliding resistance to curb soil deformation when signs of sliding deformation occur in the slope soil, making them prone to overall overturning failure. Furthermore, existing support components are cumbersome to assemble on-site, difficult to adapt quickly to changes in slope angle, and their initial anchoring relies heavily on large machinery, resulting in low efficiency in emergency reinforcement construction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a foundation pit slope safety reinforcement and anti-slip structure, comprising a first protective plate, a connecting plate, and a second protective plate. The first and second protective plates are each fixedly connected to a second connecting block on one side close to each other. The connecting plate is positioned between the two second connecting blocks and connected via a rotating shaft. An anti-slip mechanism is installed on one side of the outer wall of the first protective plate, a stabilizing mechanism is installed on one side of the upper surface of the second protective plate, a stabilizing mechanism is installed inside the second protective plate, and a quick-release mechanism is installed inside the rotating shaft. The anti-slip mechanism includes a stabilizing pile, which is bolted to one side of the outer wall of the first guard plate. The stabilizing pile has a side opening inside. Multiple anchor rods are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stabilizing pile. A first rotating plate is rotatably connected to the upper side of the inner wall of the stabilizing pile. A second rotating plate is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the first rotating plate. An anti-slip nail is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second rotating plate. A third rotating plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second rotating plate. A movable column is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the third rotating plate. The outer wall of the movable column is slidably connected inside the stabilizing pile. A positioning toothed plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the stabilizing pile. A wedge-shaped toothed plate is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the movable column. A first spring is provided between the wedge-shaped toothed plate and the movable column. The positioning toothed plate and one side of the outer wall of the wedge-shaped toothed plate abut against each other. An anti-reverse assembly is installed between the first guard plate and the second guard plate.

[0007] Preferably, the anti-reverse assembly includes a limiting rod fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second guard plate, a slider slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting rod, a first support plate rotatably connected inside the slider, and one end of the first support plate rotatably connected to the other side of the outer wall of the first guard plate.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-reverse assembly further includes two limiting wheels, both of which are installed on the outer walls of the first guard plate and the second guard plate. A steel cable is connected between the slider and the moving column, and the steel cable is disposed between the two limiting wheels.

[0009] Preferably, the stabilizing mechanism includes a limiting guide rail, the lower surface of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second guard plate, a first wedge block is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting guide rail, one side of the outer wall of the first wedge block is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the slider, an inclined rod is slidably connected inside the second guard plate, a second wedge block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inclined rod, a reset component is installed on the lower surface of the second wedge block, and one side of the outer wall of the first wedge block and the second wedge block abut against each other.

[0010] Preferably, the reset assembly includes a telescopic rod, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second guard plate, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a first connecting block, a second spring sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic rod, and the outer wall of the first connecting block slidably connected to the inner wall of the second wedge block.

[0011] Preferably, the upper end of the second spring abuts against the lower surface of the first connecting block, and the lower end of the second spring abuts against the upper surface of the second guard plate.

[0012] Preferably, the stabilizing mechanism includes a mounting block, which is bolted to the upper surface of the second guard plate. A screw is rotatably connected inside the mounting block, and a handwheel is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the screw. A second support plate is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the screw. A plurality of positioning rods are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the second support plate, and the outer walls of the positioning rods are slidably connected inside the second guard plate.

[0013] Preferably, the quick-release mechanism includes two sliding plates, the outer walls of the two sliding plates are slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating shaft, a locking block is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of each of the two sliding plates, a third spring is provided between the two sliding plates, and the outer wall of the locking block is disposed through the interior of the rotating shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the outer wall of the movable column is disposed through the interior of the first protective plate.

[0015] Preferably, both the outer walls of the first and second protective plates are fixedly connected with multiple positioning pins.

[0016] This invention provides a structure for the safe reinforcement and anti-slipping of foundation pit slopes. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through the coordinated operation of an anti-slip mechanism and an anti-reverse component, enables the sliding block to move on a limiting rod when the first and second protective plates change relative angle due to deformation of the foundation pit slope. The sliding block's movement pulls the steel cable, which in turn pulls the moving column within the stabilizing pile. The displacement of the moving column causes the third, second, and first rotating plates to deflect, causing the anti-slip nail to extend outward from the side opening and deeply penetrate the slope soil, achieving adaptive anti-slip reinforcement. Simultaneously, the wedge-shaped locking plate and the positioning locking plate on the moving column engage unidirectionally, effectively preventing the moving column from retracting under force, ensuring the continuous stability of the support structure, and greatly improving the safety factor of the foundation pit slope.

[0017] 2. This invention cleverly utilizes the mechanical kinetic energy of slope deformation for secondary anchoring by setting up a stabilizing mechanism. While the slider slides under the pressure of the slope, the first wedge fixed to the outer wall of the slider moves synchronously along the limiting guide rail. The inclined surface of the first wedge presses against the second wedge, forcing the second wedge to overcome the elastic force of the second spring and move downwards. This, in turn, drives the inclined rod to extend downwards from the bottom of the second protective plate and embed itself into the deep soil. This linkage design requires no external power. At the instant the slope shows signs of slippage, it automatically increases the structure's grip on the bottom soil and its anti-overturning capacity, forming a multi-dimensional, three-dimensional, cross-reinforcement network with the anti-slip mechanism, enhancing the reliability of slope protection.

[0018] 3. This invention significantly improves the construction efficiency and on-site applicability of the structure by incorporating a quick-release mechanism inside the rotating shaft, in conjunction with a stabilizing mechanism. During installation, simply pressing the locking block compresses the third spring, causing the sliding plate to retract into the rotating shaft, quickly completing the hinged assembly of the first guard plate, connecting plate, and second guard plate. The operation is simple and quick, facilitating emergency reinforcement situations. Simultaneously, rotating the handwheel of the stabilizing mechanism drives the screw to rotate, causing the second support plate and positioning rod to move downwards and insert into the soil, enabling rapid initial positioning and fixation of the guard plate. Combined with the positioning nails on the outer wall of the guard plate, this provides a reliable foundation support point for the subsequent adaptive reinforcement mechanism. The overall structural design is reasonable and highly practical. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first protective plate portion of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stabilized pile structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped toothed plate structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steel cable structure of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the image; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting rod part of the present invention.

[0020] The components are as follows: 1. First guard plate; 2. Connecting plate; 3. Second guard plate; 4. Positioning pin; 5. Stabilizing pile; 6. Side opening; 7. Anchor rod; 8. First rotating plate; 9. Second rotating plate; 10. Anti-slip pin; 11. Third rotating plate; 12. Moving column; 13. Positioning tooth plate; 14. Wedge-shaped tooth plate; 15. First spring; 16. Limiting wheel; 17. Limiting rod; 18. Sliding block; 19. First support plate; 20. Steel cable; 21. Limiting guide rail; 22. First wedge block; 23. Telescopic rod; 24. First connecting block; 25. Second wedge block; 26. Inclined rod; 27. Rotating shaft; 28. Sliding plate; 29. ​​Locking block; 30. Third spring; 31. Mounting block; 32. Screw; 33. Handwheel; 34. Second support plate; 35. Positioning rod; 36. Second connecting block; 37. Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7 This invention provides a slope safety reinforcement and anti-slip structure for foundation pits, comprising a first retaining plate 1, a connecting plate 2, and a second retaining plate 3. The first retaining plate 1 is used to conform to the slope for retaining support, and the second retaining plate 3 is used to provide horizontal support when placed flat at the top of the slope. The connecting plate 2 connects the two to adapt to the transition of the slope angle. Second connecting blocks 36 are fixedly connected to the first retaining plate 1 and the second retaining plate 3 on their adjacent sides. The second connecting blocks 36 provide force points for the hinged assembly of the structure. The connecting plate 2 is positioned between the two second connecting blocks 36 and connected by a rotating shaft 27. The rotation of the rotating shaft 27 allows for flexible adjustment of the first retaining plate. The included angle between plate 1 and the second guard plate 3 is adapted to the slope of the foundation pit with different inclinations. An anti-slip mechanism is installed on one side of the outer wall of the first guard plate 1. The anti-slip mechanism is used to penetrate into the soil to increase the lateral anti-slip resistance when the soil slides. A stabilizing mechanism is installed on one side of the upper surface of the second guard plate 3. The stabilizing mechanism is used to quickly fix the vertical base in the early stage of the guard plate laying. A stabilizing mechanism is installed inside the second guard plate 3. The stabilizing mechanism works with the slope deformation kinetic energy to achieve secondary deep anchoring into the ground. A quick-release mechanism is installed inside the rotating shaft 27. The quick-release mechanism facilitates the quick completion of the pin-type assembly between the guard plates on the construction site, improving construction efficiency. The anti-slip mechanism includes a stabilizing pile 5, which is bolted to one side of the outer wall of the first protective plate 1. The stabilizing pile 5 serves as a protective shell and guide for the internal transmission components. A side opening 6 is provided inside the stabilizing pile 5, allowing the internal components to extend outwards into the soil. Multiple anchor rods 7 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stabilizing pile 5, providing static friction and pull-out resistance to the foundation when the stabilizing pile 5 is driven into the soil. A first rotating plate 8 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the inner wall of the stabilizing pile 5. A second rotating plate 9 is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the first rotating plate 8. An anti-slip nail 10 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second rotating plate 9. A third rotating plate 11 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second rotating plate 9. A movable column 12 is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the third rotating plate 11. The linear movement of the movable column 12 pushes the third rotating plate 11 upwards, thereby using the limiting support of the first rotating plate 8 to force the second rotating plate 9 to deflect, thus reducing the linear tension of the movable column 12. The movement is transformed into the lateral unfolding of the anti-displacement nail 10. The outer wall of the moving column 12 is slidably connected to the inside of the stabilizing pile 5, ensuring that the moving column 12 can only move vertically when traction is applied. The inner wall of the stabilizing pile 5 is fixedly connected to a positioning tooth plate 13. A wedge-shaped tooth plate 14 is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the moving column 12. A first spring 15 is provided between the wedge-shaped tooth plate 14 and the moving column 12. The first spring 15 provides a continuous outward deflection thrust to the wedge-shaped tooth plate 14, keeping it in contact with the positioning tooth plate 13. The positioning tooth plate 13 and one side of the outer wall of the wedge-shaped tooth plate 14 abut against each other. Utilizing the one-way meshing characteristic of the tooth surface, the moving column 12 is allowed to slide upward, while locking its path of reversal under force, ensuring the long-term stability of the anchoring state. An anti-reverse component is installed between the first guard plate 1 and the second guard plate 3. The anti-reverse component is used to sense the relative displacement change of the guard plate caused by the compression of the soil and convert it into a traction force to pull the moving column 12.

[0023] Specifically, through the structural coordination of the aforementioned components, this invention first utilizes a quick-release mechanism to improve the ease of construction and terrain adaptability of the early splicing and positioning of the protective plate; in the initial stage of deformation and slippage of the foundation pit slope, the structure can utilize the mechanical displacement generated by the expansion of the slope soil pushing the protective plate, and through the linkage of the anti-retraction component, pull the sliding column 12 inside the stabilizing pile 5 to slide, mechanically forcing the internal anti-slip nail 10 to laterally penetrate into the deep soil from the side opening 6, realizing an adaptive protection mechanism that automatically increases the anchoring grip force according to the slope slippage trend; at the same time, relying on the one-way ratchet anti-retraction design of the wedge-shaped toothed plate 14 and the positioning toothed plate 13, the hidden danger of the anti-slip nail 10 retracting due to the reaction force of the soil is completely eliminated, ensuring the absolute safety and long-term stability of the foundation pit slope support.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7The anti-reverse assembly includes a limiting rod 17 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second guard plate 3. The limiting rod 17 provides a smooth horizontal guide and support trajectory for the movement of the component. A slider 18 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting rod 17. The slider 18, as a transmission force-bearing component, converts the lateral thrust into a linear displacement along the limiting rod. A first support plate 19 is rotatably connected inside the slider 18. One end of the first support plate 19 is rotatably connected to the other side of the outer wall of the first guard plate 1. The first support plate 19, as a connector, is used to sense the angular deflection of the first guard plate 1 caused by soil compression and accurately transmits the thrust generated by the deflection to the slider 18 to make it move backward. The sliding and anti-reverse assembly also includes two limit wheels 16, both of which are installed on the outer walls of the first guard plate 1 and the second guard plate 3. The limit wheels 16 are used to provide guidance and directional support for the traction rope, reducing the frictional loss of the rope at the corner of the guard plate. A steel cable 20 is connected between the slider 18 and the moving column 12. The steel cable 20 serves as a flexible tension transmission medium, converting the horizontal sliding of the slider 18 into the traction force that pulls the moving column 12 in the anti-slip mechanism upward. The steel cable 20 is set between the two limit wheels 16 to ensure that the steel cable 20 maintains tension and slides smoothly during the stretching and transmission process, preventing derailment or jamming.

[0025] Specifically, this invention, through the hinged connection between the first support plate 19 and the slider 18 in the anti-reverse assembly, can sensitively detect the overturning and squeezing deformation caused by the initial slippage of the slope soil on the first protection plate 1, and directly convert the mechanical kinetic energy generated by this deformation into the driving force of the slider; then, by using the traction and direction-changing transmission of the limit wheel 16 and the steel cable 20, the linear displacement of the slider 18 is quickly and stably transmitted to the internal anti-slip mechanism, realizing pure mechanical spontaneous linkage triggering without the need for an external power source, ensuring that the support structure can automatically respond and start the anti-slip anchoring program the instant that the slope shows signs of slippage, greatly improving the sensitivity and safe response speed of the foundation pit reinforcement system.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7The stabilizing mechanism includes a limiting guide rail 21, which provides a straight and stable motion trajectory for the translation of the component. The lower surface of the limiting guide rail 21 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second guard plate 3, serving as a basic support to withstand the frictional force during sliding. A first wedge block 22 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting guide rail 21. The first wedge block 22, as a thrust conversion component, uses its inclined surface to convert the horizontal backward thrust into a vertical downward pressure. One side of the outer wall of the first wedge block 22 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the slider 18, so that the first wedge block 22... The second guard plate 3 is slidably connected to a slanted rod 26 inside the sliding block 18. When compressed, the slanted rod 26 extends downward and penetrates into the deep soil to provide longitudinal anti-slip resistance at the bottom. A second wedge 25 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slanted rod 26. The second wedge 25 receives the horizontal compressive force through its own inclined surface and transmits it to the slanted rod 26 below. A reset component is installed on the lower surface of the second wedge 25. The reset component is used to provide upward elastic support and return the component to its original position after the external force is released. The first wedge 22 and the outer wall of the second wedge 25 abut against each other, ensuring that the horizontal displacement of the first wedge 22 can directly squeeze the second wedge 25 to generate vertical displacement; the reset assembly includes a telescopic rod 23, which serves as the guide core of the elastic support to prevent the spring from bending under pressure. The lower end of the telescopic rod 23 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second guard plate 3, providing a stable force-bearing base support. The upper end of the telescopic rod 23 is fixedly connected to a first connecting block 24, which serves as a top limiting member and a sliding guide member. A second spring 37 is sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic rod 23. The second spring 37 stores energy under pressure to provide a continuous elastic reset thrust for the upper component. The outer wall of the first connecting block 24 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second wedge 25, ensuring that the second wedge 25 maintains a vertical trajectory during up and down movement to prevent it from tilting and jamming under force; the upper end of the second spring 37 abuts against the lower surface of the first connecting block 24, smoothly transmitting the upward elastic force to the second wedge 25, and the lower end of the second spring 37 abuts against the upper surface of the second guard plate 3, forming a reliable force-bearing fulcrum.

[0027] Specifically, this invention cleverly converts the horizontal tension generated by the anti-reverse component during slope slippage into a vertically downward compressive force through the inclined contact between the first wedge 22 and the second wedge 25 in the stabilizing mechanism. When the protective plate is compressed and deformed, causing the slider 18 to move, it drives the first wedge 22 to move synchronously, forcibly compressing the second wedge 25 to overcome the elastic force of the second spring 37 in the reset component and move downward, thereby driving the bottom inclined rod 26 to extend and deeply penetrate into the deep soil at the bottom of the slope. This mechanical linkage design can automatically trigger the longitudinal deep anchoring of the bottom inclined rod at the moment the slope undergoes displacement and deformation, forming a multi-dimensional three-dimensional cross-reinforcement structure with the transverse anti-slip nails on the sidewall. It can significantly enhance the overall support system's grip on the foundation and its anti-overturning performance without the need for an external power source.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 1- Appendix Figure 7 The stabilizing mechanism includes a mounting block 31, which serves as a fixed base for the threaded transmission assembly. The mounting block 31 is bolted to the upper surface of the second guard plate 3, ensuring the connection strength of the support structure and facilitating subsequent disassembly and maintenance. A screw 32 is rotatably connected inside the mounting block 31. The screw 32, as the core transmission component, converts rotational motion into linear feed thrust. A handwheel 33 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the screw 32, allowing construction personnel to manually apply rotational torque on site. A second support plate 34 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the screw 32. Driven by the screw, the second support plate 34 moves smoothly up and down along the axis and serves as a distribution carrier for multi-point pressure application. Multiple positioning rods 35 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the second support plate 34. When pressed, the positioning rods 35 penetrate the guard plate and embed themselves into the soil layer at the top of the slope to provide initial vertical shear resistance and positioning support. The outer wall of the positioning rods 35 is slidably connected inside the second guard plate 3, ensuring vertical guidance of the positioning rods 35 during the embedment process and preventing them from bending due to soil resistance.

[0029] Specifically, this invention utilizes the threaded transmission between the screw 32 and the second support plate 34 in the stabilizing mechanism. This allows construction workers to manually rotate the handwheel 33 after the protective plate is assembled, converting the rotational torque into powerful linear downward pressure. This smoothly presses multiple positioning rods 35 into the top soil layer below the second protective plate 3. This design enables rapid initial anchoring of the support structure during the initial laying phase. It eliminates the need for large piling machinery in confined spaces or emergency situations, quickly completing the positioning and fixing of the top of the slope. This provides a solid force benchmark for the entire foundation pit reinforcement system to resist lateral soil thrust, effectively preventing overall slippage failure of the protective plate before the adaptive anti-slip mechanism is triggered.

[0030] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7 The quick-release mechanism includes two sliding plates 28. The two sliding plates 28 serve as the internal telescopic force-bearing components, providing a support base for the movement of the locking blocks. The outer walls of the two sliding plates 28 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating shaft 27, ensuring that the two sliding plates 28 can only move smoothly in a straight line along the axial direction when compressed or extended by elastic force to prevent deflection and jamming. A locking block 29 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of each of the two sliding plates 28. The locking block 29 serves as an external force-bearing pressing end and a locking pin to restrict the rotating shaft within the connecting hole to prevent it from axially moving out. A third spring 30 is provided between the two sliding plates 28. The third spring 30 stores energy under pressure to provide a continuous outward reset thrust for the sliding plates 28 on both sides, thereby keeping the locking block 29 in a normally extended and locked state. The outer wall of the locking block 29 is installed through the interior of the rotating shaft 27 to ensure that the locking block 29 can smoothly pop out from both ends of the rotating shaft and lock onto both sides of the external connecting component to achieve reliable axial limiting.

[0031] Specifically, this invention utilizes the elastic extension and retraction of the sliding plate 28, locking block 29, and third spring 30 in the quick-release mechanism. This allows construction workers to overcome the spring force of the third spring 30 by simply pressing the locking blocks 29 inwards during the hinged assembly of the first and second protective plates 1 and 3, causing the sliding plate 28 to retract into the rotating shaft 27. Once the rotating shaft 27 smoothly passes through the connecting hole between the connecting plate 2 and the second connecting block 36, the locking block 29 is released. Under the energy release of the third spring 30, the locking block 29 automatically pops outwards, forming anti-disengagement limits at both ends of the rotating shaft. This design completely eliminates the cumbersome steps of traditional bolt or pin tightening, enabling tool-free quick connection and flexible positioning between support panels. It significantly shortens the initial assembly time for foundation pit slope support and greatly improves the efficiency of emergency landslide response.

[0032] The movable column 12 serves as the core connecting rod for internal and external mechanical transmission to transmit traction force. Its outer wall is installed inside the first guard plate 1, establishing a linear motion channel between the force-bearing end on the outer side of the guard plate and the execution end on the side buried in the soil. This ensures that the tension generated by the anti-backward component can be transmitted to the anti-slip mechanism inside the stabilizing pile without interference. The first guard plate 1 and the second guard plate 3 serve as the main retaining body that fits the slope over a large area to withstand the lateral thrust of the soil. Both of their outer walls are fixedly connected with multiple positioning nails 4, which allows the guard plates to quickly penetrate into the surface soil when laid on the slope and the top of the slope, providing initial static friction resistance and foundation anti-slip positioning.

[0033] Specifically, the present invention effectively opens up the mechanical transmission path on both sides of the protective plate by using the design of the movable column 12 penetrating through the first protective plate 1. This allows the deformation tension generated by the compression of the protective plate to cross the protective plate barrier without hindrance and be accurately transmitted to the anti-slip mechanism deep in the soil layer. At the same time, combined with the multiple positioning nails 4 distributed on the outer walls of the first protective plate 1 and the second protective plate 3, the support structure can be quickly embedded into the surface soil by its own weight or external impact when it is initially placed on the slope of the foundation pit. This avoids the protective plate from slipping off as a whole before the complex adaptive mechanical mechanism is triggered, and lays a reliable foundation for the stable force of the entire anti-slip reinforcement system.

[0034] Working principle: First, at the slope protection construction site, the hinged assembly of the retaining plates is carried out. The operator presses the locking blocks 29 set at both ends of the rotating shaft 27 inward. After being pressed, the locking blocks 29 overcome the elastic force of the third spring 30, causing the two sliding plates 28 to slide towards the center on the inner wall of the rotating shaft 27. At this time, the rotating shaft 27 is aligned with the shaft holes of the two second connecting blocks 36 at the ends of the connecting plate 2 and the first retaining plate 1 and the second retaining plate 3 and inserted. After releasing the locking blocks 29, the third spring 30 releases its energy and pushes the locking blocks 29 outward and through and into the outside of the shaft hole, thereby quickly completing the hinged splicing of the first retaining plate 1 and the second retaining plate 3.

[0035] After assembly, the first protective plate 1 is attached to the inclined surface of the foundation pit slope, and the second protective plate 3 is placed flat on the horizontal surface at the top of the slope. Under the influence of gravity and external impact, multiple positioning nails 4 fixed to the outer walls of the first and second protective plates 1 and 3, as well as multiple anchor rods 7 on the outer wall of the stabilizing piles 5, first penetrate into the surface soil, achieving initial anti-sliding positioning. Subsequently, the operator rotates the handwheel 33 of the stabilizing mechanism above the second protective plate 3 clockwise. The handwheel 33 drives the screw 32 to rotate inside the mounting block 31, forcing the second support plate 34 to move downwards through the threaded transmission. This forces multiple positioning rods 35 fixed to its lower surface to be pressed into the deep soil along the guide holes inside the second protective plate 3, completing the initial vertical anchoring of the top of the slope.

[0036] Secondly, when the slope of the foundation pit shows signs of slippage deformation due to rainfall or a surge in lateral earth pressure, the expansion of the slope soil will push outward against the first protective plate 1, causing the first protective plate 1 to deflect at an angle around the axis 27. This relative displacement change will alter the force state at both ends of the first support plate 19. One end of the first support plate 19 rotates on the outer wall of the first protective plate 1, while the other end drives the slider 18 in the anti-reverse assembly to slide backward along the limiting rod 17 fixed on the second protective plate 3 in the form of thrust.

[0037] During the displacement process, the slider 18 synchronously pulls the steel cable 20 connected to it. After the steel cable 20 passes through the two limiting wheels 16 to change the flow, it generates a strong upward traction force, pulling the moving column 12 to slide upward along the inside of the stabilizing pile 5 that penetrates the first protective plate 1. During the upward movement of the moving column 12, the third rotating plate 11 hinged at its end is pushed upward. Since the hinge point of the first rotating plate 8 is fixed on the upper side of the inner wall of the stabilizing pile 5, the linkage mechanism is destabilized by pressure, forcing the second rotating plate 9 to violently deflect to the side around the hinge axis. This forces the anti-slip nail 10 fixed on its outer wall to be pushed out laterally from the side opening 6 inside the stabilizing pile 5, causing it to penetrate deeply into the deformed sliding soil like a tree root, forming a strong lateral anti-slip pulling force.

[0038] Finally, as the anti-movement nail 10 penetrates the soil outward, to prevent the structure from retracting due to soil reaction force, the wedge-shaped locking plate 14 on one side of the outer wall of the moving column 12, under the elastic support of the first spring 15, maintains close contact between its tooth surface and the positioning locking plate 13 fixed to the inner wall of the stabilizing pile 5. When the moving column 12 slides upward, the oblique teeth of the wedge-shaped locking plate 14 pass over the positioning locking plate 13 to achieve unidirectional sliding; and once a tendency to retract occurs, the teeth on both sides will immediately abut and lock together, forming a mechanical self-locking mechanism to ensure that the anti-movement nail 10 is in a permanently extended reinforced state.

[0039] Simultaneously, the sliding of slider 18 on limit rod 17 also triggers the stabilizing mechanism. The first wedge 22 connected to the outer wall of slider 18 moves laterally along limit guide rail 21. The inclined surface at the front of the first wedge 22 contacts and violently squeezes the inclined surface of the second wedge 25, converting the horizontal thrust into a vertical downward pressure. After being compressed, the inner wall of the second wedge 25 slides downward along the first connecting block 24 at the top of telescopic rod 23, while compressing the second spring 37 sleeved on the outer wall of telescopic rod 23. This powerful downward kinetic energy is directly transmitted to the inclined rod 26, forcing the inclined rod 26 to extend obliquely from the sliding hole at the bottom of the second guard plate 3, penetrate the soil layer where there may be a sliding surface, and deeply embed itself into the stable bedrock or undisturbed soil at the bottom of the slope.

Claims

1. A structure for reinforcing and resisting sliding of foundation pit slopes, characterized in that, It includes a first guard plate (1), a connecting plate (2), and a second guard plate (3). The first guard plate (1) and the second guard plate (3) are fixedly connected to each other on one side. The connecting plate (2) is set between the two second connecting blocks (36) and connected by a rotating shaft (27). An anti-slip mechanism is installed on one side of the outer wall of the first guard plate (1). A stabilizing mechanism is installed on one side of the upper surface of the second guard plate (3). A stabilizing mechanism is installed inside the second guard plate (3). A quick-release mechanism is installed inside the rotating shaft (27). The anti-slip mechanism includes a stabilizing pile (5), which is bolted to one side of the outer wall of the first guard plate (1). The stabilizing pile (5) has a side opening (6) inside. Multiple anchor rods (7) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stabilizing pile (5). A first rotating plate (8) is rotatably connected to the upper side of the inner wall of the stabilizing pile (5). A second rotating plate (9) is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the first rotating plate (8). An anti-slip nail (10) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second rotating plate (9). A third rotating plate (11) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second rotating plate (9). A movable column (12) is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the third rotating plate (11). The outer wall of the movable column (12) is slidably connected to the inside of the stabilizing pile (5). A positioning tooth plate (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the stabilizing pile (5). A wedge-shaped tooth plate (14) is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of the movable column (12). A first spring (15) is provided between the wedge-shaped tooth plate (14) and the movable column (12). The positioning tooth plate (13) and one side of the outer wall of the wedge-shaped tooth plate (14) abut against each other. An anti-reverse assembly is installed between the first guard plate (1) and the second guard plate (3).

2. The anti-slip structure for the safety reinforcement of foundation pit slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-reverse assembly includes a limiting rod (17) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second guard plate (3). A slider (18) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting rod (17). A first support plate (19) is rotatably connected inside the slider (18). One end of the first support plate (19) is rotatably connected to the other side of the outer wall of the first guard plate (1).

3. The foundation pit slope safety reinforcement and anti-slip structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anti-reverse assembly also includes two limiting wheels (16), both of which are installed on the outer walls of the first guard plate (1) and the second guard plate (3). A steel cable (20) is connected between the slider (18) and the moving column (12), and the steel cable (20) is arranged between the two limiting wheels (16).

4. The anti-slip structure for the safety reinforcement of foundation pit slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stabilizing mechanism includes a limiting guide rail (21), the lower surface of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second guard plate (3), a first wedge (22) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting guide rail (21), one side of the outer wall of the first wedge (22) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the slider (18), a slanted rod (26) is slidably connected inside the second guard plate (3), a second wedge (25) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slanted rod (26), a reset component is installed on the lower surface of the second wedge (25), and the first wedge (22) and one side of the outer wall of the second wedge (25) abut against each other.

5. The foundation pit slope safety reinforcement and anti-slip structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reset assembly includes a telescopic rod (23), the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second guard plate (3), the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a first connecting block (24), the outer wall of which is sleeved with a second spring (37), and the outer wall of the first connecting block (24) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second wedge block (25).

6. The foundation pit slope safety reinforcement and anti-slip structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the second spring (37) abuts against the lower surface of the first connecting block (24), and the lower end of the second spring (37) abuts against the upper surface of the second guard plate (3).

7. The anti-slip structure for the safety reinforcement of foundation pit slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizing mechanism includes a mounting block (31), which is bolted to the upper surface of the second guard plate (3). A screw (32) is rotatably connected inside the mounting block (31). A handwheel (33) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the screw (32). A second support plate (34) is threaded to the outer wall of the screw (32). A plurality of positioning rods (35) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the second support plate (34). The outer wall of the positioning rods (35) is slidably connected inside the second guard plate (3).

8. The anti-slip structure for the safety reinforcement of foundation pit slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quick-release mechanism includes two sliding plates (28), the outer walls of the two sliding plates (28) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating shaft (27), and a locking block (29) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of each of the two sliding plates (28). A third spring (30) is provided between the two sliding plates (28), and the outer wall of the locking block (29) is provided through the inside of the rotating shaft (27).

9. The anti-slip structure for the safety reinforcement of foundation pit slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the movable column (12) is disposed inside the first protective plate (1).

10. The foundation pit slope safety reinforcement and anti-slip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple positioning nails (4) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the first guard plate (1) and the second guard plate (3).

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