Reliability and lifespan assessment method and system for hollow and solid fiber splice points

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of optical fiber communication and optoelectronic technology. To address the problem of significant deviations in reliability assessment and lifetime prediction results for hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connections using traditional technologies, this invention discloses a method and system for assessing the reliability and lifetime of hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connections. Targeting the unique failure mechanism of hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connections, this invention establishes a failure physical model incorporating multiple stress coupling effects such as temperature, humidity, and vibration acceleration. This overcomes the limitation of existing technologies that only apply to solid-core-to-solid connections, resulting in more reasonable model parameters and more accurate assessment results. Based on this, this invention can calculate the real-time performance indicators of the connection point using this model and the actual stress influence parameters of the connection point, thereby assessing the reliability of the connection point and accurately predicting its remaining lifetime. This invention provides a reliable quantitative assessment method for the performance evaluation of hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connections and is highly suitable for large-scale deployment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical fiber communication and optoelectronic technology, specifically relating to a method and system for assessing the reliability and lifespan of hollow and solid optical fiber splicing points. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of optical fiber communication and optoelectronic technology, hollow-core optical fiber has been widely used in high-end scenarios such as long-distance optical transmission, high-power optical transmission, special optical sensing, and quantum communication due to its unique advantages such as low transmission loss, high bandwidth, resistance to nonlinear effects, and low latency. Among them, solid-core optical fiber (such as conventional single-mode fiber and multimode fiber) has dominated the fields of terminal equipment, optical module interfaces, and short-distance connections due to its mature manufacturing process, low cost, and good compatibility. Therefore, the connection between hollow-core optical fiber and solid-core optical fiber is a key link in realizing the engineering implementation of the above-mentioned high-end scenarios, and the reliability of the connection point directly determines the operational stability and service life of the entire optical system.

[0003] The structure of hollow-core to solid-core fiber optic splices differs fundamentally from that of conventional solid-core to solid-core fiber optic splices. The hollow core of a hollow fiber exhibits a significant abrupt change in material, structure, and refractive index compared to the glass core of a solid fiber. This results in significantly lower mechanical stability and environmental adaptability at the splice interface compared to solid-core splices. In practical engineering applications, the splice is susceptible to the coupling effects of various external stresses, including temperature changes, humidity erosion, mechanical vibration, and external impacts. This leads to failures such as interface element diffusion, microcrack initiation and propagation, interface aging due to capillary adsorption, and encapsulation layer detachment. Consequently, these failures increase insertion loss, worsen return loss, and exhibit abnormal polarization-dependent loss, severely impacting the transmission quality of the optical system and even causing system failure. This hinders the large-scale application of hollow-core fiber in engineering scenarios.

[0004] Currently, mainstream methods for reliability assessment and lifetime prediction of fiber optic connections focus on solid-to-solid fiber connections, meaning they are designed solely based on the failure mechanisms of solid-to-solid connections. There are no specific technologies for reliability assessment and lifetime prediction of hollow-to-solid fiber connections. Therefore, directly using prediction techniques for solid-to-solid fiber connections results in unreasonable failure model parameters, leading to significant discrepancies between reliability assessment and lifetime prediction results, which is insufficient to meet practical engineering needs. Thus, based on the aforementioned shortcomings, there is an urgent need to provide a method for reliability assessment and lifetime prediction of hollow-to-solid fiber connections to meet the practical engineering requirements of these connections. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connections, in order to solve the problem that existing technologies are only applicable to the reliability evaluation and lifespan prediction of solid-core fiber optic connections, resulting in a lack of scientific basis and significant deviations in the reliability evaluation and lifespan prediction results of hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connections.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Firstly, a method for assessing the reliability and lifetime of hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points is provided, including: The performance parameters of multiple hollow and solid fiber sample mating points were obtained during accelerated aging tests. The performance parameters of any hollow and solid fiber sample mating point include the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss of that hollow and solid fiber sample mating point under different cumulative accelerated aging test times. Based on multiple performance parameters, a failure physical model for the splicing point of hollow and solid optical fibers is constructed. The independent variables of the failure physical model are the stress influence parameters of the splicing point of hollow and solid optical fibers, and the dependent variables are insertion loss, return loss and polarization-dependent loss. The stress influence parameters include temperature, humidity and vibration acceleration. Obtain the actual stress influence parameters at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers; Based on actual stress influence parameters and failure physics model, the actual insertion loss, actual return loss and actual polarization-dependent loss at the splicing point of hollow and solid optical fibers are calculated. By utilizing actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss, reliability test results for hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points are generated, and the remaining service life of hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points is determined based on a failure physics model.

[0007] Based on the aforementioned disclosures, this invention addresses the specific failure mechanisms of hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic splices (such as interface element diffusion, microcrack initiation, and capillary adsorption aging). First, it obtains key performance parameters such as insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic splices under different cumulative accelerated aging test times through accelerated aging tests. Then, based on these key performance parameters, a failure physics model incorporating the effects of multiple stress couplings, including temperature, humidity, and vibration acceleration, is constructed. Next, this invention obtains the actual stress influence parameters of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic splices and, combined with the constructed failure physics model, calculates the actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss. Finally, based on the actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss, the reliability test results of the fiber optic splice can be obtained, and the remaining service life of the fiber optic splice can be determined using the aforementioned failure physics model. Thus, the reliability assessment and remaining service life prediction of hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic splices can be completed.

[0008] Through the above design, this invention, for the first time, establishes a failure physics model for the unique failure mechanism of hollow-core to solid-core fiber optic connections, incorporating multiple stress coupling effects such as temperature, humidity, and vibration acceleration. This overcomes the limitation of existing technologies that only apply to solid-core to solid-core connections, resulting in more reasonable model parameters and more accurate evaluation results. Based on this, this invention can calculate the real-time performance indicators of the connection point using this model and the actual stress influence parameters of the connection point, thereby dynamically evaluating the reliability status of the connection point and accurately predicting its remaining service life, effectively avoiding the risk of system paralysis due to connection point failure. Therefore, this invention provides a reliable quantitative evaluation method for the interconnection of hollow-core optical fibers and mature solid-core optical fiber systems in engineering applications, significantly reducing the maintenance cost and blind replacement of connection points, and strongly supporting the large-scale promotion of hollow-core optical fibers in high-end scenarios such as long-distance optical transmission, high-power optical transmission, and quantum communication.

[0009] In a possible design, a failure physical model of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point is constructed based on multiple performance parameters, including: Obtain the parameters affecting the test stress during accelerated aging tests; The initial insertion loss model, the initial return loss model, and the initial polarization-dependent loss model were constructed. Based on the experimental stress influence parameters, and the insertion loss, return loss and polarization-dependent loss under different cumulative accelerated aging test times among multiple performance parameters, and using statistical regression analysis, the parameters to be fitted in the initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model and initial polarization-dependent loss model are fitted to obtain several model parameters. Using several model parameters, the initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model, and initial polarization-dependent loss model are updated to obtain the insertion loss model, return loss model, and polarization-dependent loss model, respectively. The failure physical model is constructed using the insertion loss model, return loss model, and polarization-dependent loss model.

[0010] In one possible design, the test stress influence parameters include: accelerated aging test ambient temperature, accelerated aging test ambient humidity, and accelerated aging test vibration acceleration; The initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model, and initial polarization-dependent loss model were constructed, including: The initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model, and initial polarization-dependent loss model are constructed according to the following formulas; ; ; ; In the formula, Indicates insertion loss. For return loss, For polarization-dependent loss, This indicates the ambient temperature for accelerated aging tests. Indicates the reference temperature. Indicates the cumulative time of accelerated aging test. To accelerate the aging test environment humidity, This indicates the vibration acceleration in the accelerated aging test. This is the initial insertion loss. For initial return loss, This represents the initial polarization-dependent loss. All represent the parameters to be fitted in the initial insertion loss model. All of these represent the parameters to be fitted in the initial return loss model. All of these represent the parameters to be fitted in the initial polarization-dependent loss model.

[0011] In one possible design, the failure physics model includes an insertion loss model, a return loss model, and a polarization-dependent loss model; Among them, based on the failure physics model, the remaining service life of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point is determined, including: Obtain the insertion loss threshold, return loss threshold, and polarization-dependent loss threshold; Based on the insertion loss threshold and the insertion loss model, the first equivalent time required for the insertion loss at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers to reach the insertion loss threshold is calculated. Based on the return loss threshold and the return loss model, the second equivalent time required for the return loss at the junction of hollow and solid optical fibers to reach the return loss threshold is calculated. Based on the polarization-dependent loss threshold and the polarization-dependent loss model, the third equivalent time required for the polarization-dependent loss at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers to reach the polarization-dependent loss threshold is calculated. Calculate the combined acceleration factor at the junction of the hollow and solid optical fibers; Using the first equivalent duration, the second equivalent duration, the third equivalent duration, and the comprehensive acceleration factor, the actual usage time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers to reach their respective thresholds is calculated. From the three actual usage durations, the minimum actual usage duration is selected, and the remaining service life is calculated using the minimum actual usage duration and the total running time of the hollow and solid fiber connection point.

[0012] In one possible design, the combined acceleration factor at the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point is calculated, including: Obtain the parameters affecting the test stress during accelerated aging tests; Based on the actual stress influence parameters and the experimental stress influence parameters, the temperature stress acceleration factor, humidity stress acceleration factor and mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor are calculated. The comprehensive acceleration factor is calculated using the temperature stress acceleration factor, the humidity stress acceleration factor, and the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor.

[0013] In one possible design, the test stress influence parameters include: accelerated aging test ambient temperature, accelerated aging test ambient humidity, and accelerated aging test vibration acceleration, and the actual stress influence parameters include: the actual temperature, actual humidity, and actual vibration acceleration of the hollow and solid fiber splice point during the historical operating time. Specifically, based on the actual stress influence parameters and the experimental stress influence parameters, the temperature stress acceleration factor, humidity stress acceleration factor, and mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor are calculated, including: The acceleration factors of temperature stress, humidity stress, and mechanical vibration stress are calculated using the following formulas. ; ; ; In the formula, This represents the temperature stress acceleration factor. Indicates the humidity stress acceleration factor. Indicates the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor. Indicates activation energy. Represents the Boltzmann constant. This indicates the absolute temperature of the actual usage environment. This indicates the absolute temperature of the test environment. This indicates the humidity of the accelerated aging test environment. Indicates actual humidity. Indicates humidity index. This indicates the vibration acceleration in the accelerated aging test. This represents the actual vibration acceleration. The vibration damage index is represented by, where, , ,and This indicates the actual temperature. This indicates the ambient temperature for accelerated aging tests.

[0014] In one possible design, the comprehensive acceleration factor is calculated using the temperature stress acceleration factor, the humidity stress acceleration factor, and the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor, including: The product of the temperature stress acceleration factor, the humidity stress acceleration factor, and the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor is taken as the comprehensive acceleration factor. Accordingly, using the first equivalent duration, the second equivalent duration, the third equivalent duration, and the comprehensive acceleration factor, the actual usage time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss at the splice point between hollow and solid optical fibers to reach their respective thresholds is calculated, including: Multiplying the first equivalent duration, the second equivalent duration, and the third equivalent duration by the comprehensive acceleration factor, respectively, yields the actual usage time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss at the splice point between hollow and solid optical fibers to reach their respective thresholds.

[0015] In one possible design, based on the actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss, the reliability test results for the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point are generated, including: Obtain the initial insertion loss and initial polarization-dependent loss at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers; The difference between the actual insertion loss and the initial insertion loss is calculated to obtain the insertion loss increment, and the difference between the actual polarization-dependent loss and the initial polarization-dependent loss is calculated to obtain the polarization-dependent loss increment. Determine whether the insertion loss increment is greater than the first threshold, whether the polarization-dependent loss increment is greater than the second threshold, or whether the actual return loss is greater than the return loss threshold. If so, the reliability test result will be "dock point failure".

[0016] In a possible design, the performance parameters of any hollow-core and solid-core fiber sample mating point are: the performance parameters of the any hollow-core and solid-core fiber sample mating point under accelerated aging tests under several stress conditions, and the several stress conditions include any two or more combinations of temperature cycling conditions, constant humidity and heat conditions, and mechanical vibration conditions.

[0017] Secondly, a reliability and lifespan assessment system for hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splicing points is provided, including: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the performance parameters of multiple hollow and solid fiber sample docking points during accelerated aging tests. The performance parameters of any hollow and solid fiber sample docking point include the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss of the hollow and solid fiber sample docking point under different cumulative accelerated aging test times. The model building unit is used to construct a failure physical model of the hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point based on multiple performance parameters. The independent variable of the failure physical model is the stress influence parameter of the hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point, and the dependent variables are insertion loss, return loss and polarization-dependent loss. The stress influence parameter includes temperature, humidity and vibration acceleration. The reliability assessment unit is used to obtain the actual stress impact parameters at the splicing point of hollow and solid optical fibers. The reliability assessment unit is used to calculate the actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers based on actual stress influence parameters and failure physics models. The reliability assessment unit is also used to generate reliability test results for hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points using actual insertion loss, actual return loss and actual polarization-dependent loss, and to determine the remaining service life of hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points based on the failure physics model.

[0018] Thirdly, a reliability and lifespan assessment device for hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splicing points is provided. Taking the device as an electronic device as an example, it includes a memory, a processor, and a transceiver that are connected in sequence. The memory is used to store computer programs, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer programs and execute the reliability and lifespan assessment method for hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splicing points as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0019] Fourthly, a storage medium is provided, on which instructions are stored, which, when executed on a computer, perform the reliability and lifetime assessment method for the hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber connection point as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0020] Fifthly, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the reliability and lifetime assessment method for the hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0021] Beneficial effects: (1) For the first time, this invention establishes a failure physical model for the special failure mechanism of hollow-core to solid-core fiber optic connections, which includes multiple stress coupling effects such as temperature, humidity, and vibration acceleration. This makes up for the shortcomings of existing technologies that are only applicable to solid-core to solid-core connections, making the model parameters more reasonable and the evaluation results more accurate. Based on this, this invention can calculate the real-time performance index of the connection point based on the model and the actual stress influence parameters of the connection point, thereby dynamically evaluating the reliability status of the connection point and accurately predicting the remaining service life, thus effectively avoiding the risk of system paralysis due to connection point failure. Therefore, this invention provides a reliable quantitative evaluation method for the interconnection of hollow-core optical fiber and mature solid-core optical fiber systems in engineering applications, significantly reducing the maintenance cost and blind replacement of connection points, and can strongly support the large-scale promotion of hollow-core optical fiber in high-end scenarios such as long-distance optical transmission, high-power optical transmission, and quantum communication. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the reliability and lifetime assessment method for hollow and solid fiber splicing points provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the reliability and lifespan assessment system for hollow and solid fiber optic splice points provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the present invention will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the accompanying drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0024] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc., may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one unit from another. For example, a first unit may be referred to as a second unit, and similarly, a second unit may be referred to as a first unit, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0025] It should be understood that the term "and / or" that may appear in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist simultaneously. The term " / and" that may appear in this document describes another relationship between related objects, indicating that two relationships can exist. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " that may appear in this document generally indicates that the related objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0026] Example: See Figure 1 As shown, the reliability and lifespan assessment method for hollow and solid fiber optic connection points provided in the first aspect of this embodiment can be executed by, but is not limited to, a computer device with certain computing resources. Examples of such computer devices include, but are not limited to, servers, edge computers, personal computers (PCs, referring to a type of multi-purpose computer whose size, price, and performance are suitable for personal use; desktops, laptops, mini-laptops, tablets, and ultrabooks are all considered personal computers), smartphones, or personal digital assistants (PDAs). It is understood that the aforementioned executing entity does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. Accordingly, the operation steps of this method can be, but are not limited to, the steps S1 to S5 described below.

[0027] S1. Obtain the performance parameters of multiple hollow and solid fiber sample mating points during accelerated aging tests. The performance parameters of any hollow and solid fiber sample mating point include the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss of that hollow and solid fiber sample mating point under different cumulative accelerated aging test times.

[0028] In practice, multiple hollow and solid fiber sample docking points with the same process parameters can be prepared first, but are not limited to, ensuring that the docking process parameters of all samples are completely consistent. The process parameters may include, but are not limited to, fiber alignment accuracy, fusion current, fusion time, protective sleeve packaging process, docking pressure, etc. For example, hollow fiber can be hollow photonic crystal fiber or hollow Bragg fiber, and solid fiber can be single-mode fiber or multimode fiber. The docking process can be fusion docking, mechanical docking, or adhesive docking. After docking, initial performance testing is required to remove unqualified samples whose initial insertion loss exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 0.5dB).

[0029] Thus, after preparing multiple hollow and solid fiber sample mating points, accelerated aging tests with multi-stress coupling can be carried out. That is, accelerated aging tests are conducted on multiple qualified hollow and solid fiber sample mating points. The test uses a combination of at least two stress conditions to obtain the performance parameters of each hollow and solid fiber sample mating point during the accelerated aging test. In other words, the performance parameters of any hollow and solid fiber sample mating point are the performance parameters of any hollow and solid fiber sample mating point under several stress conditions during the accelerated aging test. Examples of several stress conditions include any two or more combinations of temperature cycling conditions, constant humidity and heat conditions, and mechanical vibration conditions.

[0030] In this embodiment, aging tests are preferentially conducted under simultaneous loading of three stresses: temperature cycling, constant humidity and heat, and mechanical vibration. The loading parameters can be determined according to the stress characteristics of the actual application scenario, sample characteristics, and accelerated testing requirements. For example, the temperature cycling range covers the extreme temperature of the expected use environment at the docking point, and the cycle period is set according to the heat capacity of the sample. The constant humidity and heat stress is applied at high temperature, while the frequency and acceleration level of the mechanical vibration stress are determined according to the vibration spectrum of the expected transportation or working environment.

[0031] Thus, under the aforementioned three-stress synchronous loading conditions, accelerated aging tests can be conducted, and the key performance parameters of each sample (including insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss) can be detected at preset time intervals (i.e., at different accelerated aging test times) using online or offline measurement methods, thereby obtaining the performance parameters of each sample.

[0032] Meanwhile, when testing performance parameters, the measurement accuracy and range need to be able to accurately capture the degradation trend of performance parameters. For example, the measurement accuracy of insertion loss should be better than ±0.01dB, the measurement range of return loss should be no less than -70dB to 0dB, the measurement accuracy of polarization-dependent loss should be better than ±0.001dB, and the measurement wavelength should be a commonly used wavelength in practical applications (such as 1310nm and 1550nm wavelengths). In this way, by recording the performance parameters of each sample at different accelerated aging test times in the aforementioned manner and removing abnormal data, the acquisition of performance parameters can be completed.

[0033] In addition, as explained above in this embodiment, the sample docking point is subjected to accelerated aging test under three stress synchronous loading conditions. Therefore, it is also necessary to record the test stress influence parameters during the accelerated aging test, namely the accelerated aging test ambient temperature, accelerated aging test ambient humidity, and accelerated aging test vibration acceleration, so as to fit the failure physical model based on the test stress influence parameters and the collected performance parameters.

[0034] Therefore, based on the aforementioned method, after obtaining the performance parameters of multiple hollow and solid fiber sample mating points during accelerated aging tests, a failure physical model for hollow and solid fiber mating points can be constructed, as shown in step S2 below.

[0035] S2. Based on multiple performance parameters, a failure physical model for the hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connection point is constructed. The independent variables of the failure physical model are the stress influence parameters of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connection point, and the dependent variables are insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss. The stress influence parameters include temperature, humidity, and vibration acceleration. In this embodiment, during the aging process, the hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connection point exhibits at least one or more major failure modes, including interface diffusion, microcrack propagation, and capillary adsorption. These failure modes are primarily caused by the coupled effects of multiple stresses such as temperature, humidity, and vibration. Therefore, this embodiment establishes a failure physical model that incorporates multiple stress coupling effects, including temperature, humidity, and vibration acceleration, specifically addressing the unique failure mechanism of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connection point. This overcomes the limitation of existing technologies that are only applicable to solid-core-to-solid-core connection points, thereby making the model parameters more reasonable.

[0036] Optionally, for example, but not limited to, the following steps S21 to S25 can be used to construct the aforementioned failure physical model.

[0037] S21. Obtain the test stress influence parameters during accelerated aging test; in this embodiment, the test stress influence parameters may include, but are not limited to, the accelerated aging test ambient temperature, the accelerated aging test ambient humidity, and the accelerated aging test vibration acceleration, and these parameters are set when conducting the accelerated aging test.

[0038] S22. Construct the initial insertion loss model, the initial return loss model, and the initial polarization-dependent loss model; in specific implementation, examples, but not limited to, using the following formulas, can be used to construct the aforementioned initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model, and initial polarization-dependent loss model.

[0039] ; ; ; In the formula, Indicates insertion loss. For return loss, For polarization-dependent loss, This indicates the ambient temperature for accelerated aging tests. This indicates the reference temperature (which can be 25℃). Indicates the cumulative time of accelerated aging test. To accelerate the aging test environment humidity, This indicates the vibration acceleration in the accelerated aging test. This is the initial insertion loss. For initial return loss, This represents the initial polarization-dependent loss (the aforementioned three initial losses were measured before the accelerated aging test). All of these represent the parameters to be fitted in the initial insertion loss model (which are insertion loss parameters). All of these represent the parameters to be fitted in the initial return loss model (which are return loss parameters). All of these represent the parameters to be fitted in the initial polarization-dependent loss model (which are polarization-dependent loss parameters).

[0040] Thus, based on the aforementioned formulas, after establishing the initial insertion loss model, the initial return loss model, and the initial polarization-dependent loss model, the aforementioned multiple performance parameters and experimental stress influence parameters can be used to perform parameter fitting, as shown in step S23 below.

[0041] S23. Based on the experimental stress influence parameters and the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-related loss under different cumulative accelerated aging test times among multiple performance parameters, statistical regression analysis is used to fit the parameters to be fitted in the initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model, and initial polarization-related loss model to obtain several model parameters. In specific implementation, the experimental stress influence parameters, different cumulative accelerated aging test times, and the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-related loss under different cumulative accelerated aging test times are substituted into the aforementioned models, and the least squares method or maximum likelihood estimation method is used to fit the parameters to be fitted in the three initial models, thereby obtaining the specific values ​​of the aforementioned nine parameters to be fitted, that is, obtaining the model parameters of each of the three initial models. Of course, statistical regression analysis is a commonly used technique for model parameter fitting, and its principle will not be elaborated here.

[0042] Furthermore, after fitting the parameters based on the aforementioned statistical regression analysis, it is necessary to determine the effectiveness of the fit. That is, after the fitting is completed, the model is subjected to a significance test (such as an F test) and residual analysis. If the goodness of fit does not reach the preset value (such as 0.9) or the model significance is unqualified, it is necessary to refit until the requirements are met.

[0043] Thus, based on the aforementioned method, after completing the parameter fitting of the three initial models and obtaining their respective model parameters, the initial models can be updated to obtain the actual insertion loss model, return loss model, and polarization-dependent loss model; wherein, the model update process is as shown in step S24 below.

[0044] S24. Using several model parameters, update the initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model, and initial polarization-dependent loss model to obtain the insertion loss model, return loss model, and polarization-dependent loss model, respectively. In this embodiment, the fitted model parameters corresponding to the three initial models are substituted into the model to complete the initial model update and obtain the insertion loss model, return loss model, and polarization-dependent loss model. Then, the aforementioned insertion loss model, return loss model, and polarization-dependent loss model can be used to form a failure physical model, as shown in step S25 below.

[0045] S25. The failure physical model is constructed using the insertion loss model, the return loss model, and the polarization-dependent loss model.

[0046] After obtaining the failure physical model specifically for the splicing point of hollow and solid optical fibers through the aforementioned steps S21 to S25, the reliability assessment and lifetime prediction of the splicing point of hollow and solid optical fibers can be carried out based on the failure physical model, as shown in the following steps S3 to S5.

[0047] S3. Obtain the actual stress influence parameters of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point; in this embodiment, the aforementioned actual stress influence parameters may include, but are not limited to, the actual temperature, actual humidity and actual vibration acceleration of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point during the historical operating time; wherein, the average temperature, average humidity and average vibration acceleration during the historical operating time may be taken as the actual temperature, actual humidity and actual vibration acceleration during the historical operating time, respectively.

[0048] Thus, after obtaining the actual stress influence parameters, they can be substituted into the aforementioned failure physics model to obtain the actual performance parameters of the hollow and solid fiber splicing point, as shown in step S4 below.

[0049] S4. Based on the actual stress influence parameters and failure physics model, calculate the actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber connection point. In specific implementation, substitute the actual temperature, actual humidity, and actual vibration acceleration into the insertion loss model, and substitute its historical running time as t into the insertion loss model to obtain the actual insertion loss of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber connection point. Of course, in the calculation, the initial insertion loss is the insertion loss before the hollow-core and solid-core fiber connection point is put into use (which is a known value).

[0050] Thus, by substituting the actual temperature, actual humidity, and actual vibration acceleration into the return loss model and polarization-dependent loss model respectively in the aforementioned manner, the actual return loss and actual polarization-dependent loss at the connection point between hollow and solid optical fibers can be obtained. Then, based on the calculated three losses, the reliability of the connection point can be evaluated, as shown in step S5 below.

[0051] S5. Using the actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss, generate the reliability test results for the hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connection point, and determine the remaining service life of the connection point based on the failure physics model. In specific implementation, for example, but not limited to, first obtaining the initial insertion loss and initial polarization-dependent loss of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connection point (both are the losses of the connection point before it is put into use); then, calculate the difference between the actual insertion loss and the initial insertion loss to obtain the insertion loss increment, and calculate the difference between the actual polarization-dependent loss and the initial polarization-dependent loss to obtain the polarization-dependent loss increment; next, determine whether the insertion loss increment is greater than a first threshold, whether the polarization-dependent loss increment is greater than a second threshold, or whether the actual return loss is greater than a return loss threshold. If so, generate a reliability test result indicating connection point failure; if the aforementioned insertion loss increment is less than the first threshold, the polarization-dependent loss increment is less than the second threshold, and the actual return loss is less than the return loss threshold, then generate a reliability test result indicating connection point normal.

[0052] Optionally, for example, the first threshold is 1dB, the second threshold is 0.1dB, and the return loss threshold is -40dB. Thus, when the insertion loss increment is less than or equal to 1dB, the return loss is less than or equal to -40dB, and the polarization-dependent loss is less than or equal to 0.1dB, the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point is determined to be not failed. Conversely, if the insertion loss increment is greater than 1dB, the polarization-dependent loss is greater than 0.1dB, or the return loss is greater than -40dB, the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point can be determined to be failed. Of course, the aforementioned threshold settings are only exemplary settings, and can be determined according to specific requirements in actual use.

[0053] Thus, after completing the reliability test of the hollow and solid fiber splice point, the remaining service life of the splice point can be predicted using the failure physics model. The process can be, but is not limited to, the steps S51 to S57 below.

[0054] S51. Obtain the insertion loss threshold, return loss threshold, and polarization-dependent loss threshold. In this embodiment, the insertion loss threshold is obtained by adding the initial insertion loss at the connection point between the hollow and solid optical fibers to the first threshold. For example, if the initial insertion loss is 0.2dB and the first threshold is 1dB, then the insertion loss threshold is 1.2dB. Similarly, the calculation process for the return loss threshold is also the same, and will not be repeated here.

[0055] After obtaining the insertion loss threshold, return loss threshold, and polarization-dependent loss threshold, the equivalent time required for the three losses at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers to reach their respective thresholds can be calculated by combining the aforementioned failure physics model. The process is shown in steps S52 to S54 below.

[0056] S52. Based on the insertion loss threshold and the insertion loss model, calculate the first equivalent time required for the insertion loss at the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point to reach the insertion loss threshold. In this embodiment, the insertion loss threshold is essentially used as the model output of the insertion loss model. Then, substitute the actual stress influence parameters and initial insertion loss at the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point. At this time, there is only one unknown quantity t in the model. Therefore, the model output t corresponding to the insertion loss threshold can be calculated, and the calculated value of t is the first equivalent time.

[0057] Similarly, the calculation method for the equivalent time required for the return loss to reach the return loss threshold and the polarization-dependent loss to reach the polarization-dependent loss threshold is also the same, and the process is shown in steps S53 and S54 below.

[0058] S53. Based on the return loss threshold and the return loss model, calculate the second equivalent time required for the return loss at the junction of the hollow and solid optical fibers to reach the return loss threshold.

[0059] S54. Based on the polarization-dependent loss threshold and the polarization-dependent loss model, calculate the third equivalent time required for the polarization-dependent loss at the splice point of the hollow and solid optical fibers to reach the polarization-dependent loss threshold.

[0060] After calculating the equivalent time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss at the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point to reach their respective thresholds based on the failure physics model and the thresholds of each loss, a comprehensive acceleration factor can be calculated. This comprehensive acceleration factor can then be used to calculate the actual usage time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss at the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point to reach their respective thresholds. The process is shown in steps S55 and S56 below.

[0061] S55. Calculate the combined acceleration factor at the junction of the hollow and solid optical fibers; in specific implementations, for example, but not limited to, the following steps S55a to S55c can be used to calculate the combined acceleration factor.

[0062] S55a. Obtain the test stress influence parameters during the accelerated aging test; after obtaining the test stress influence parameters, the temperature, humidity and mechanical vibration stress acceleration factors can be calculated by combining the actual stress influence parameters. The process can be, but is not limited to, the steps shown in S55b below.

[0063] S55b. Based on the actual stress influence parameters and the test stress influence parameters, calculate the temperature stress acceleration factor, humidity stress acceleration factor, and mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor; in specific implementation, for example, but not limited to, the following formulas can be used to calculate the aforementioned three stress acceleration factors.

[0064] ; ; ; In the formula, This represents the temperature stress acceleration factor. Indicates the humidity stress acceleration factor. Indicates the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor. This indicates the activation energy (which can be, but is not limited to, 0.5 eV). Boltzmann constant ( eV / K), This indicates the absolute temperature of the actual usage environment. This indicates the absolute temperature of the test environment. This indicates the humidity of the accelerated aging test environment. Indicates actual humidity. This indicates the humidity index (which can be, but is not limited to, a value of 2). This indicates the vibration acceleration in the accelerated aging test. This represents the actual vibration acceleration. The vibration damage index (which can be, but is not limited to, 4) is represented by the following: , ,and This indicates the actual temperature. This indicates the ambient temperature for accelerated aging tests.

[0065] Thus, based on the aforementioned formula, after calculating the three stress acceleration factors, the comprehensive acceleration factor can be calculated from these factors, as shown in step S55c below.

[0066] S55c. Calculate the comprehensive acceleration factor using the temperature stress acceleration factor, the humidity stress acceleration factor, and the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor; in this embodiment, for example, but not limited to, the product of the temperature stress acceleration factor, the humidity stress acceleration factor, and the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor can be used as the comprehensive acceleration factor.

[0067] Thus, based on the aforementioned steps S55a to S55c, after calculating the comprehensive acceleration factor, the actual usage time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss at the hollow-core and solid-core fiber connection point to reach their respective thresholds can be calculated by combining the aforementioned three equivalent durations. The process is shown in step S56 below.

[0068] S56. Using the first equivalent duration, the second equivalent duration, the third equivalent duration, and the comprehensive acceleration factor, calculate the actual usage time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point to reach their respective thresholds. In this embodiment, multiplying the first equivalent duration, the second equivalent duration, and the third equivalent duration by the comprehensive acceleration factor respectively yields the actual usage time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point to reach their respective thresholds. Then, based on the three actual usage times, calculate the remaining lifetime of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point, as shown in step S57 below.

[0069] S57. From the three actual usage durations, select the minimum actual usage duration, and use the minimum actual usage duration and the total running time of the hollow and solid fiber connection point to calculate the remaining service life; in specific implementation, the remaining service life can be obtained by subtracting the total running time from the minimum actual usage duration.

[0070] Through the aforementioned steps S51 to S57, the remaining service life of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connection point can be accurately predicted. Then, the aforementioned reliability test results and remaining service life can be used to generate a test report and output it to the maintenance terminal, so that the maintenance terminal can perform maintenance on the hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connection point based on the test report.

[0071] Therefore, through the reliability and lifespan assessment method for hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connections described in detail in steps S1 to S5 above, this invention, for the first time, establishes a failure physical model for hollow-core and solid-core fiber optic connections that incorporates multiple stress coupling effects, including temperature, humidity, and vibration acceleration. This overcomes the limitation of existing technologies that only apply to solid-core-to-solid-core connections, making the model parameters more reasonable and the assessment results more accurate. Based on this, this invention can calculate the real-time performance indicators of the connection point based on the model and the actual stress influence parameters of the connection point, thereby dynamically assessing the reliability status of the connection point and accurately predicting its remaining lifespan, effectively avoiding the risk of system paralysis due to connection point failure. Therefore, this invention provides a reliable quantitative assessment method for the interconnection of hollow-core fiber and mature solid-core fiber systems in engineering applications, significantly reducing the maintenance cost and blind replacement of connection points, and strongly supporting the large-scale promotion of hollow-core fiber in high-end scenarios such as long-distance optical transmission, high-power optical transmission, and quantum communication.

[0072] In one possible design, the second aspect of this embodiment provides an application example of the first aspect of the embodiment: First, hollow photonic crystal fiber (10μm inner diameter, 125μm outer diameter) was selected as the hollow-core fiber, and G.652D single-mode fiber (9μm core diameter, 125μm outer diameter) was selected as the solid-core fiber. At least 20 mating samples were prepared using arc fusion splicing. All samples had identical splicing parameters: splicing current 18mA±0.5mA, splicing time 0.8s±0.1s, alignment accuracy ≤0.5μm, and mating pressure 0.1MPa±0.01MPa. A quartz protective sleeve with a length of 20mm±1mm was used for encapsulation. After mating, initial performance testing was performed on all samples. Samples with an initial insertion loss >0.5dB were discarded, and 18 valid samples were retained for subsequent experiments. In practical applications, the sample size should be determined based on the principle of statistical significance, typically no less than 15 samples, to ensure the representativeness of the experimental data and the accuracy of the model fitting.

[0073] After sample preparation is completed, multi-stress coupling accelerated aging tests can be conducted: In this embodiment, a three-stress synchronous loading method involving temperature cycling, constant humidity and heat, and mechanical vibration is adopted. The specific parameters are as follows: The temperature cycling range is -40℃ to 85℃ (the range of accelerated test ambient temperature T, with the high-temperature range T=85℃=358.15K), and the cycle period is 24 hours (heating up for 2 hours → holding at 85℃ for 8 hours → cooling down for 2 hours → holding at -40℃ for 12 hours). An exemplary setting is 30 cycles, with a total accelerated aging test time t=720 hours. The specific number of cycles should be determined based on the stress level and acceleration factor of the accelerated aging test to ensure that a significant performance degradation trend is observed.

[0074] Constant humidity and temperature: Synchronized with the temperature cycle, the relative humidity RH_test=85%±2% during the high temperature stage (85℃), the relative humidity is natural during the low temperature stage (-40℃), and the relative humidity is 60%±5% during the normal temperature transition stage.

[0075] Mechanical vibration: Synchronized with the entire test process, the vibration frequency is 10Hz~2000Hz, the frequency sweep period is 10min, the vibration acceleration is a=1.21g±0.1g, and the X, Y and Z axes vibrate simultaneously.

[0076] Next, the measurement time interval was set to once every 5 temperature cycles (i.e., 120 hours), and an offline measurement method was used. Before each measurement, the sample was removed from the test equipment and left to stand in a standard environment (25℃, 50%RH) for 2 hours to eliminate the influence of the test environment on the measurement results. The exemplary measurement equipment and parameters are as follows: Insertion loss: Agilent 8163B optical power meter, measuring wavelength 1550nm, accuracy ±0.005dB; Return loss: Anritsu MS9740A spectrometer, measurement wavelength 1550nm, measurement range -70dB to 0dB; Polarization-dependent loss: Keysight N7744A polarization controller + 8163B optical power meter, measuring wavelength 1550nm, accuracy ±0.001dB.

[0077] Record the performance parameters of each sample at 0h, 120h, 240h, ..., 720h, remove one abnormal sample due to encapsulation detachment, and finally retain the test data of 17 valid samples for model parameter fitting.

[0078] Next, based on the aforementioned collected performance parameters, a failure physics model is constructed.

[0079] Based on test data from 17 valid samples, the parameters of the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss models were fitted using the least squares method, with a goodness of fit ≥0.96 for each. As a specific example in this embodiment, the fitted parameters are: α≈0.0002, β≈0.0005, γ≈0.000001 (insertion loss model); δ≈0.003, ε≈0.002, ζ≈0.0001 (return loss model); η≈0.00003, θ≈0.0015, λ≈0.00001 (polarization-dependent loss model). It should be noted that the parameters in this embodiment are only fitting examples under specific sample and experimental conditions. Due to limitations in sample size and experimental scenarios, the parameter values ​​are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent general rules. In practical applications, the parameters should be refitted based on specific experimental data. For different fiber types, splicing processes, or experimental conditions, this set of parameters will change accordingly. Those skilled in the art can refit applicable parameters based on new experimental data using the method described in the preceding steps.

[0080] Comprehensive acceleration factor calculation: For example, based on the test parameters of this embodiment (accelerated test high temperature range T=85℃=358.15K, preset use environment T_p=25℃=298.15K; accelerated test relative humidity RH=85%, use environment relative humidity RH_use=50%; accelerated test vibration acceleration a=1.21 g, use environment vibration acceleration a_use=1.0g), taking Ea=0.5 eV, n=2, m=4, and calculating according to the acceleration factor calculation formula in the first aspect of the embodiment, we get AF_T=26.0, AF_RH=(0.85 / 0.5)^2≈2.89, AF_a=(1.21 / 1.0)^4≈2.14.

[0081] Therefore, the overall acceleration factor AF = 26.0 × 2.89 × 2.14 ≈ 161.

[0082] It should be noted that the above values ​​are based solely on demonstration calculations using specific parameters and exemplary empirical parameters (Ea=0.5eV, n=2, m=4) of this embodiment, and do not represent general conclusions. In practical applications, the above parameters should be refitted based on the test data of the specific docking point product, and the overall acceleration factor should be calculated using the same formula.

[0083] Finally, reliability assessment and lifespan prediction can be performed.

[0084] The actual usage environment is an indoor communication equipment scenario: average temperature T_p = 25℃ (298.15K), average relative humidity RH_use = 50% (0.5), mechanical vibration acceleration a_use = 1.0g; the failure thresholds are set as follows: insertion loss increment ≤ 1dB (assuming initial insertion loss is 0.2dB, then threshold IL_th = 1.2dB), return loss ≥ -40dB (RL_th = -40dB), polarization-dependent loss increment ≤ 0.1dB; thus, by substituting the aforementioned actual stress influence parameters into the model, the actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss can be obtained. Then, based on this and combined with the aforementioned failure thresholds, a reliability assessment can be performed; the above environmental parameters and failure thresholds are only exemplary settings and need to be determined according to specific system requirements.

[0085] Substituting the aforementioned preset environmental parameters into the model fitted in this embodiment, the equivalent duration t when each performance parameter reaches its failure threshold is obtained by solving the model. For example, assuming the solution yields: t≈500h for insertion loss, t≈600h for return loss, and t≈550h for polarization-dependent loss (these values ​​are for demonstration purposes only; actual calculations should be based on the fitted model). This is then converted to the actual usage duration t_px using the comprehensive acceleration factor AF=161.

[0086] Insertion loss: t_px≈500×161=80500h; Return loss: t_px≈600×161=96600h; Polarization-dependent loss: t_px≈550×161=88550h.

[0087] The minimum value of the three values, 80500 hours, was ultimately chosen as the predicted lifespan. Then, the remaining lifespan was calculated by combining this with the total operating time at the docking point. It should be noted that this predicted value is based on calculations performed under specific sample and test conditions in this embodiment and is only used to illustrate the implementation process of the invention, not to represent the general conclusions of the invention. For practical applications, recalculations should be performed based on test data from specific products.

[0088] like Figure 2 As shown, the third aspect of this embodiment provides a hardware system for implementing the reliability and lifetime assessment method for hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice points described in the first aspect of the embodiment, comprising: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the performance parameters of multiple hollow and solid fiber sample mating points during accelerated aging tests. The performance parameters of any hollow and solid fiber sample mating point include the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss of that hollow and solid fiber sample mating point under different cumulative accelerated aging test times.

[0089] The model building unit is used to construct a failure physical model of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point based on multiple performance parameters. The independent variables of the failure physical model are the stress influence parameters of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point, and the dependent variables are insertion loss, return loss and polarization-dependent loss. The stress influence parameters include temperature, humidity and vibration acceleration.

[0090] The reliability assessment unit is used to obtain the actual stress impact parameters at the splice point between hollow and solid optical fibers.

[0091] The reliability assessment unit is used to calculate the actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss at the splice point between hollow and solid optical fibers based on actual stress influence parameters and failure physics models.

[0092] The reliability assessment unit is also used to generate reliability test results for hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points using actual insertion loss, actual return loss and actual polarization-dependent loss, and to determine the remaining service life of hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points based on the failure physics model.

[0093] The working process, working details and technical effects of the system provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of the embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0094] like Figure 3 As shown, the fourth aspect of this embodiment provides a device for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of hollow and solid optical fiber splice points. Taking the device as an electronic device as an example, it includes: a memory, a processor, and a transceiver that are connected in sequence. The memory is used to store computer programs, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer programs and execute the method for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of hollow and solid optical fiber splice points as described in the first aspect of the embodiment.

[0095] For specific examples, the memory may include, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, first-in-first-out (FIFO) memory, and / or first-in-last-out (FILO) memory, etc.; specifically, the processor may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor may be implemented using at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as the CPU (Central Processing Unit), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state.

[0096] In some embodiments, the processor may integrate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. For example, the processor may not be limited to microprocessors of the STM32F105 series, reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessors, x86 architecture processors, or processors with integrated neural network processing units (NPUs). The transceiver may be, but is not limited to, a Wi-Fi transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) transceiver, a ZigBee (a low-power LAN protocol based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard) transceiver, a 3G transceiver, a 4G transceiver, and / or a 5G transceiver. Furthermore, the device may also include, but is not limited to, a power module, a display screen, and other necessary components.

[0097] The working process, working details and technical effects of the electronic device provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of the embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0098] The fifth aspect of this embodiment provides a storage medium that stores instructions containing the reliability and lifespan assessment method for hollow and solid fiber optic splice points as described in the first aspect of this embodiment. That is, the storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, perform the reliability and lifespan assessment method for hollow and solid fiber optic splice points as described in the first aspect of this embodiment.

[0099] The storage medium refers to a carrier for storing data, which may include, but is not limited to, floppy disks, optical disks, hard disks, flash memory, USB flash drives, and / or memory sticks. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.

[0100] The working process, working details and technical effects of the storage medium provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of the embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0101] The sixth aspect of this embodiment provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the reliability and lifespan assessment method for hollow and solid fiber optic connectors as described in the first aspect of this embodiment. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the reliability and lifetime of hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splicing points, characterized in that, include: The performance parameters of multiple hollow and solid fiber sample mating points were obtained during accelerated aging tests. The performance parameters of any hollow and solid fiber sample mating point include the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss of that hollow and solid fiber sample mating point under different cumulative accelerated aging test times. Based on multiple performance parameters, a failure physical model for the splicing point of hollow and solid optical fibers is constructed. The independent variables of the failure physical model are the stress influence parameters of the splicing point of hollow and solid optical fibers, and the dependent variables are insertion loss, return loss and polarization-dependent loss. The stress influence parameters include temperature, humidity and vibration acceleration. Obtain the actual stress influence parameters at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers; Based on actual stress influence parameters and failure physics model, the actual insertion loss, actual return loss and actual polarization-dependent loss at the splicing point of hollow and solid optical fibers are calculated. By utilizing actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss, reliability test results for hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points are generated, and the remaining service life of hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points is determined based on a failure physics model.

2. The method for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of a hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on multiple performance parameters, a failure physical model for the splice point between hollow and solid optical fibers was constructed, including: Obtain the parameters affecting the test stress during accelerated aging tests; The initial insertion loss model, the initial return loss model, and the initial polarization-dependent loss model were constructed. Based on the experimental stress influence parameters, and the insertion loss, return loss and polarization-dependent loss under different cumulative accelerated aging test times among multiple performance parameters, and using statistical regression analysis, the parameters to be fitted in the initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model and initial polarization-dependent loss model are fitted to obtain several model parameters. Using several model parameters, the initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model, and initial polarization-dependent loss model are updated to obtain the insertion loss model, return loss model, and polarization-dependent loss model, respectively. The failure physical model is constructed using the insertion loss model, return loss model, and polarization-dependent loss model.

3. The method for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of a hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point according to claim 2, characterized in that, The test stress influence parameters include: accelerated aging test ambient temperature, accelerated aging test ambient humidity, and accelerated aging test vibration acceleration. The initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model, and initial polarization-dependent loss model were constructed, including: The initial insertion loss model, initial return loss model, and initial polarization-dependent loss model are constructed according to the following formulas; ； ； ； In the formula, Indicates insertion loss. For return loss, For polarization-dependent loss, This indicates the ambient temperature for accelerated aging tests. Indicates the reference temperature. Indicates the cumulative time of accelerated aging test. To accelerate the aging test environment humidity, This indicates the vibration acceleration in the accelerated aging test. This is the initial insertion loss. For initial return loss, This represents the initial polarization-dependent loss. All represent the parameters to be fitted in the initial insertion loss model. All of these represent the parameters to be fitted in the initial return loss model. All of these represent the parameters to be fitted in the initial polarization-dependent loss model.

4. The method for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of a hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point according to claim 1, characterized in that, The failure physical model includes an insertion loss model, a return loss model, and a polarization-dependent loss model; Among them, based on the failure physics model, the remaining service life of the hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice point is determined, including: Obtain the insertion loss threshold, return loss threshold, and polarization-dependent loss threshold; Based on the insertion loss threshold and the insertion loss model, the first equivalent time required for the insertion loss at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers to reach the insertion loss threshold is calculated. Based on the return loss threshold and the return loss model, the second equivalent time required for the return loss at the junction of hollow and solid optical fibers to reach the return loss threshold is calculated. Based on the polarization-dependent loss threshold and the polarization-dependent loss model, the third equivalent time required for the polarization-dependent loss at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers to reach the polarization-dependent loss threshold is calculated. Calculate the combined acceleration factor at the junction of the hollow and solid optical fibers; Using the first equivalent duration, the second equivalent duration, the third equivalent duration, and the comprehensive acceleration factor, the actual usage time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers to reach their respective thresholds is calculated. From the three actual usage durations, the minimum actual usage duration is selected, and the remaining service life is calculated using the minimum actual usage duration and the total running time of the hollow and solid fiber connection point.

5. The method for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of a hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point according to claim 4, characterized in that, The combined acceleration factor at the splice point of the hollow and solid optical fibers is calculated, including: Obtain the parameters affecting the test stress during accelerated aging tests; Based on the actual stress influence parameters and the experimental stress influence parameters, the temperature stress acceleration factor, humidity stress acceleration factor and mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor are calculated. The comprehensive acceleration factor is calculated using the temperature stress acceleration factor, the humidity stress acceleration factor, and the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor.

6. The method for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of a hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point according to claim 5, characterized in that, The test stress influence parameters include: accelerated aging test ambient temperature, accelerated aging test ambient humidity, and accelerated aging test vibration acceleration, and the actual stress influence parameters include: the actual temperature, actual humidity, and actual vibration acceleration of the hollow and solid fiber splice point during the historical operating time. Specifically, based on the actual stress influence parameters and the experimental stress influence parameters, the temperature stress acceleration factor, humidity stress acceleration factor, and mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor are calculated, including: The acceleration factors of temperature stress, humidity stress, and mechanical vibration stress are calculated using the following formulas. ； ； ； In the formula, This represents the temperature stress acceleration factor. Indicates the humidity stress acceleration factor. Indicates the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor. Indicates activation energy. Represents the Boltzmann constant. This indicates the absolute temperature of the actual usage environment. This indicates the absolute temperature of the test environment. This indicates the humidity of the accelerated aging test environment. Indicates actual humidity. Indicates humidity index. This indicates the vibration acceleration in the accelerated aging test. This represents the actual vibration acceleration. The vibration damage index is represented by, where, , ,and This indicates the actual temperature. This indicates the ambient temperature for accelerated aging tests.

7. The method for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of a hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point according to claim 5, characterized in that, The comprehensive acceleration factor is calculated using the temperature stress acceleration factor, the humidity stress acceleration factor, and the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor, including: The product of the temperature stress acceleration factor, the humidity stress acceleration factor, and the mechanical vibration stress acceleration factor is taken as the comprehensive acceleration factor. Accordingly, using the first equivalent duration, the second equivalent duration, the third equivalent duration, and the comprehensive acceleration factor, the actual usage time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss at the splice point between hollow and solid optical fibers to reach their respective thresholds is calculated, including: Multiplying the first equivalent duration, the second equivalent duration, and the third equivalent duration by the comprehensive acceleration factor, respectively, yields the actual usage time required for the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss at the splice point between hollow and solid optical fibers to reach their respective thresholds.

8. The method for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of a hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss, reliability test results for hollow-core and solid-core fiber splice points are generated, including: Obtain the initial insertion loss and initial polarization-dependent loss at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers; The difference between the actual insertion loss and the initial insertion loss is calculated to obtain the insertion loss increment, and the difference between the actual polarization-dependent loss and the initial polarization-dependent loss is calculated to obtain the polarization-dependent loss increment. Determine whether the insertion loss increment is greater than the first threshold, whether the polarization-dependent loss increment is greater than the second threshold, or whether the actual return loss is greater than the return loss threshold. If so, the reliability test result will be "dock point failure".

9. The method for evaluating the reliability and lifespan of a hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point according to claim 1, characterized in that, The performance parameters of any hollow-core and solid-core fiber sample mating point are: the performance parameters of any hollow-core and solid-core fiber sample mating point under accelerated aging test under several stress conditions, and the several stress conditions include any two or more combinations of temperature cycling conditions, constant humidity and heat conditions, and mechanical vibration conditions.

10. A reliability and lifespan assessment system for hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splicing points, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the performance parameters of multiple hollow and solid fiber sample docking points during accelerated aging tests. The performance parameters of any hollow and solid fiber sample docking point include the insertion loss, return loss, and polarization-dependent loss of the hollow and solid fiber sample docking point under different cumulative accelerated aging test times. The model building unit is used to construct a failure physical model of the hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point based on multiple performance parameters. The independent variable of the failure physical model is the stress influence parameter of the hollow-core and solid-core optical fiber splice point, and the dependent variables are insertion loss, return loss and polarization-dependent loss. The stress influence parameter includes temperature, humidity and vibration acceleration. The reliability assessment unit is used to obtain the actual stress impact parameters at the splicing point of hollow and solid optical fibers. The reliability assessment unit is used to calculate the actual insertion loss, actual return loss, and actual polarization-dependent loss at the splice point of hollow and solid optical fibers based on actual stress influence parameters and failure physics models. The reliability assessment unit is also used to generate reliability test results for hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points using actual insertion loss, actual return loss and actual polarization-dependent loss, and to determine the remaining service life of hollow-core and solid-core fiber splicing points based on the failure physics model.

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