A method and apparatus for overcurrent protection

Abstract

This disclosure provides an overcurrent protection method and apparatus. The method includes: collecting current parameters and temperature parameters under the current operating condition at preset time intervals; determining the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on a load characteristic database when the current parameter exceeds a first threshold; determining an overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition based on the current parameter, temperature parameter, and load type; and performing overcurrent protection through at least one current regulation method based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of circuit technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for overcurrent protection. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles and intelligent connected vehicles, the area controller, as the core of the distributed power distribution system, needs to supply power to multiple loads such as lights, radar, cameras, and actuators at the same time, and its working conditions are complex and varied.

[0003] However, the overcurrent protection algorithms in related technologies have significant shortcomings: the overcurrent protection threshold is fixed, setting a single threshold based solely on the rated current, making it difficult to distinguish between normal load fluctuations and slow overcurrents, resulting in an excessively high false trigger rate; the protection action mode is singular, lacking a buffer adjustment mechanism; and the influence of temperature and load type on overcurrent tolerance is ignored, affecting the lifespan of components. Therefore, a new approach is urgently needed to improve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One objective of this disclosure is to provide an overcurrent protection method to solve the problem of high false trigger rate of overcurrent protection in related solutions; another objective is to provide an overcurrent protection device; a third objective is to provide an electronic device; a fourth objective is to provide a computer-readable storage medium; and a fifth objective is to provide a computer program product.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this disclosure is as follows: This disclosure proposes an overcurrent protection method, which includes: collecting current parameters and temperature parameters under the current operating condition at preset time intervals; determining the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on a load characteristic database when the current parameter exceeds a first threshold; determining the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition based on the current parameter, temperature parameter, and load type; and performing overcurrent protection through at least one current regulation method based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition.

[0006] Based on the aforementioned technical methods, current and temperature parameters are first acquired. When the current parameter exceeds a first threshold, the load type corresponding to the current parameter is determined based on a load characteristic database. Then, based on the current, temperature, and load types, the overcurrent protection threshold for the current operating condition is determined. Finally, current protection is executed according to the overcurrent protection threshold. The load characteristic database can identify current changes caused by the load, thus avoiding false protection scenarios. Furthermore, by adjusting the overcurrent protection threshold in real time according to the operating condition formed by the current, temperature, and load types, one overcurrent protection threshold can be assigned to each operating condition. This avoids false triggering caused by load start-up impacts and accurately activates protection in hazardous scenarios (such as high temperature, long-term overcurrent, etc.), reducing overcurrent misjudgments and significantly improving threshold adaptability.

[0007] Furthermore, based on current parameters, temperature parameters, and load type, the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition is determined, including: Input the current change rate, the duration of the current value, the temperature parameter, and the load type into the prediction model to obtain the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition; the current parameters include at least the current change rate and the duration of the current value.

[0008] Furthermore, the method also includes: Determine the deviation between the real-time current value and the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions; The weight coefficients in the prediction model are adjusted using the deviation value to obtain an optimized prediction model. The optimized prediction model is used to generate overcurrent protection thresholds under different operating conditions.

[0009] Furthermore, prior to the load characteristic database, the method also includes: Obtain the current curves for at least one load type under different operating stages; Based on the current curves corresponding to at least one load type, determine the current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve. Based on the current curves corresponding to at least one load type and the current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve, a load characteristic database is generated. The load characteristic database is used to characterize the current changes of at least one load type under different execution stages.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions, overcurrent protection is implemented through at least one current regulation method, including: When multiple real-time current values ​​collected are greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, but less than the hardware safety threshold, a first warning message is generated to trigger overcurrent protection through at least one current regulation method.

[0011] Furthermore, overcurrent protection is provided through at least one current regulation method, including: If the heat generated by the current circuit exceeds the second threshold, in response to the first warning information, the current is adjusted through the PWM adjustment signal to obtain the first current value; The comparison results are obtained by comparing the first current value with the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition; When the comparison result is greater than a preset threshold, the first current value is adjusted to obtain the second current value; If the second current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, and the circuit change meets the preset conditions, then the current circuit is controlled to disconnect. The preset conditions are that the heat generated by the current circuit exceeds the third threshold, or the second current value is greater than the hardware safety threshold.

[0012] Furthermore, the first current value is adjusted to obtain the second current value, including: The first current value is adjusted using a high-side driver chip to obtain the third current value; If the third current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, the third current value is adjusted by current clamping to obtain the second current value.

[0013] Furthermore, after adjusting the current through the PWM adjustment signal to obtain the first current value, the method also includes: The first current value is adjusted by first-level current limiting and second-level current limiting to obtain the fourth current value; If the fourth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, the fourth current value is adjusted by current clamping to obtain the fifth current value; If the fifth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, the current circuit will be disconnected.

[0014] This disclosure provides an overcurrent protection device, which includes a data acquisition unit, a determination unit, and an adjustment unit, wherein; The data acquisition unit is used to acquire current and temperature parameters under the current operating conditions at preset time intervals. The determination unit is used to determine the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on the load characteristic database when the current parameter exceeds the first threshold, and to determine the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition based on the current parameter, temperature parameter and load type. The regulating unit is used to perform overcurrent protection based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions through at least one current regulation method.

[0015] This disclosure provides an electronic device, which includes a processor and a memory configured to store a computer program capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor is configured to execute the steps of the aforementioned method when running the computer program.

[0016] This disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the aforementioned method.

[0017] This disclosure provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the aforementioned method.

[0018] The overcurrent protection method provided in this disclosure acquires current and temperature parameters. When the current parameter exceeds a first threshold, it determines the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on a load feature database. Then, based on the current parameter, temperature parameter, and load type, it determines the overcurrent protection threshold for the current operating condition. Finally, it executes current protection according to the overcurrent protection threshold. The load feature database can identify current changes caused by the load, thereby avoiding false protection scenarios. Furthermore, by adjusting the overcurrent protection threshold in real time according to the operating condition formed by the current parameter, temperature parameter, and load type, one overcurrent protection threshold can be assigned to each operating condition. This avoids false triggering caused by load start-up impacts and accurately activates protection in hazardous scenarios (such as high temperature, long-term overcurrent, etc.), reducing overcurrent misjudgment and significantly improving threshold adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an overcurrent protection method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle power distribution system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an overcurrent protection method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an overcurrent protection method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 3 ; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an overcurrent protection method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 4 ; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating an overcurrent protection method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 5 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an overcurrent protection device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" mentioned above are only used to distinguish between different options and do not represent the degree of superiority or inferiority of the options or their priority in the implementation process. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the specific technical solutions of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this disclosure. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this disclosure, but are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0023] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0024] In the following description, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish different objects and do not represent a specific order of objects or have any chronological limitation. It is understood that "first," "second," and "third" may be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this disclosure only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure.

[0026] This disclosure provides methods, apparatus, systems, devices, storage media, and program products for overcurrent protection. In practical applications, the overcurrent protection method can be implemented by an in-vehicle terminal.

[0027] The overcurrent protection method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described using an electronic device as the executing entity.

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an overcurrent protection method provided in this disclosure is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, this overcurrent protection method can be implemented through steps 101-104: Step 101: Collect current and temperature parameters under the current operating conditions at preset time intervals.

[0029] Here, the current parameters include at least the current value, the rate of change of the current, and the duration of the current value. The temperature parameter can be the temperature of the current circuit.

[0030] In some embodiments, the process of collecting current and temperature parameters under the current operating condition at preset time intervals may include: the overcurrent acquisition module in the area controller collecting current and temperature parameters under the current operating condition at preset time intervals. For example, the preset time interval may be 10ms. That is, the current and temperature parameters under the current operating condition are collected every 10ms. Of course, this preset time interval can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions, and this application does not limit it.

[0031] In some embodiments, the current and temperature parameters under the current operating condition can be acquired using a high-precision, high-frequency sampling circuit. For example, the current parameters may also include instantaneous current, peak current, and average current. The temperature parameters may include the temperature value of the power driver chip or the power switch.

[0032] In some embodiments, this overcurrent protection method can be applied to a vehicle power distribution system. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the vehicle's power distribution system includes a high-voltage battery pack, a DC / DC converter, a low-voltage battery, at least two zone controllers, and multiple on-board loads. The on-board loads can be capacitive, resistive, or inductive.

[0033] On the high-voltage side, the high-voltage battery pack and the input terminals of the DC / DC converter are connected; on the low-voltage side, the output terminals of the DC / DC converter are connected in parallel with the low-voltage battery and the input terminals of at least two area controllers; the output terminal of each area controller is connected to the corresponding vehicle load. For example, the at least two area controllers may include area controller 1 and area controller 2. Area controller 1 may be connected to load type 1 (inductive load), load type 2 (capacitive load), and load type 3 (resistive load), respectively. Area controller 2 may be connected to load type 4 (inductive load), load type 5 (capacitive load), and load type 6 (resistive load), respectively.

[0034] The DC / DC converter is used to convert the high-voltage electricity output from the high-voltage battery pack into low-voltage electricity (such as 12V low-voltage electricity) and to power the low-voltage battery and at least two area controllers. The low-voltage battery is an energy storage device for the vehicle's power distribution system and is used to provide backup power or supplementary power to the vehicle's power distribution system in some scenarios. Each area controller is used to manage the power distribution of various connected loads through intelligent power distribution.

[0035] For example, the DC / DC converter can be an HV / 12V DC / DC converter. The low-voltage battery can be a 12V battery.

[0036] In some embodiments, each area controller includes an overcurrent acquisition module, a load type identification module, a dynamic threshold generation module, a graded protection execution module, and a feedback calibration module.

[0037] The overcurrent acquisition module collects current and temperature parameters via a high-frequency sampling circuit and transmits them to the load type identification module. Furthermore, before transmitting the current and temperature parameters, a normalized least mean square adaptive filtering algorithm is used to filter them, resulting in processed current and temperature parameters. This effectively separates current caused by normal load fluctuations from potential slow fault currents, eliminating interference data.

[0038] The load type identification module includes a load characteristic database, which is used to determine the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on the correspondence between the load type and the current parameter in the load characteristic database when the collected current parameter is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

[0039] The dynamic threshold generation module determines the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition based on current parameters, temperature parameters, and load type. This allows for a "one threshold per operating condition" approach, adapting to various power consumption scenarios of the vehicle and reducing false shutdowns caused by special operating conditions.

[0040] For example, refer to Figure 2 ,like Figure 3 As shown, the area controller begins supplying power to different types of connected loads. During this process, the overcurrent acquisition module obtains the current parameters and driving temperature parameters of the current circuit. Simultaneously, the acquired current and temperature parameters are processed by software and transmitted to the load type identification module. The load type identification module identifies the load type of the current circuit based on the acquired current parameters. Furthermore, the dynamic threshold generation module, through the load characteristic database established by the load type identification module, integrates the current and temperature parameters to generate the overcurrent protection threshold for the current operating condition, achieving "one threshold per operating condition." The graded protection execution module, based on the overcurrent protection threshold, abandons the single power-off mode and adopts at least one current regulation method for overcurrent protection. Finally, the feedback calibration module, based on the above data input, continuously optimizes the prediction model through a self-learning mechanism to obtain an optimized prediction model, and uses the optimized prediction model to generate overcurrent protection thresholds for different operating conditions. This improves the accuracy of the area controller's intelligent power distribution overcurrent protection, i.e., the reliability of intelligent power distribution.

[0041] The graded protection execution module is used to perform overcurrent protection by means of at least one current regulation method according to the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions.

[0042] The feedback calibration module is used to determine the deviation between the overcurrent protection threshold and the real-time current value under the current operating condition. The deviation value is used to adjust the weight coefficients in the prediction model to obtain the optimized prediction model. The optimized prediction model is used to generate the overcurrent protection threshold under different operating conditions.

[0043] Step 102: If the current parameter exceeds the first threshold, determine the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on the load characteristic database.

[0044] Here, the first threshold is used to determine whether there is an overcurrent anomaly in the current circuit. The load characteristic database is used to characterize the current changes corresponding to at least one load type under different operating stages. The load type corresponding to the current parameter can include any one of resistive load, inductive load, and capacitive load.

[0045] In some embodiments, when the current parameter exceeds a first threshold, the process of determining the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on the load feature database may include: when the current parameter exceeds the first threshold, the load type identification module in the area controller determines the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on the load feature database.

[0046] In some embodiments, when the current parameter exceeds a first threshold, the process of determining the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on the load feature database may include: the overcurrent acquisition module in the area controller transmits the acquired current parameter to the load type identification module; the load type identification module receives the current parameter and, when the current parameter exceeds the first threshold, determines the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on the load feature database.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first threshold may be determined based on the rated current.

[0048] For example, the first threshold can be 80% of the rated current. Rated current is the maximum operating current that electrical equipment is allowed to operate safely and continuously under rated voltage, rated power, and specified operating conditions. The rated current can be expressed as I... n This indicates that the rated current can be set according to the power distribution circuit specifications of the area controller (e.g., 3A / 5A / 10A / 20A / 30A optional).

[0049] In some embodiments, when the collected current parameters exceed a first threshold, the load type identification process can be used to determine whether the current change is a fluctuation caused by a normal load.

[0050] The process of determining whether the current change is a fluctuation caused by normal load can include: based on the current parameter, searching for the load type corresponding to the current parameter in the load characteristic database. If no load type corresponding to the current current parameter is found, it means that the current current change is not caused by the load. If a load type corresponding to the current current parameter is found, it means that the current current change is caused by the load, and the first threshold can be further adjusted according to the load type corresponding to the current current parameter. In this way, by adjusting the first threshold, overcurrent protection caused by load start-up impact can be avoided, reducing false shutdown.

[0051] In some embodiments, the first threshold may also be an initial overcurrent protection threshold determined based on the circuit temperature.

[0052] The circuit temperature is the temperature detected by the vehicle's power distribution system during the initialization phase. Specifically, after the area controller in the vehicle's power distribution system is powered on, the algorithm immediately initiates a self-test process, sequentially completing sampling circuit calibration (i.e., hardware initialization), loading the load characteristic database, and setting the initial weight coefficients. Subsequently, it detects and acquires the circuit temperature of the current vehicle's power distribution system. In this way, by monitoring the temperature to dynamically adjust the overcurrent protection threshold, false tripping in high-temperature scenarios and false protection in low-temperature scenarios are prevented.

[0053] Understandably, when the current parameter exceeds the first threshold, a log can be generated after determining the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on the load characteristic database. This log should include at least the current parameter and the corresponding load type.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first threshold may also be an initial overcurrent protection threshold determined based on the rated current and circuit temperature. This application does not limit the method of determining the first threshold; any practical method is acceptable.

[0055] Step 103: Determine the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions based on current parameters, temperature parameters, and load type.

[0056] Based on the aforementioned steps, when the current parameter exceeds the first threshold, the load type corresponding to the current parameter can be determined; then, the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition can be determined based on the current parameter, temperature parameter, and load type.

[0057] Here, current parameters, temperature parameters, and load type can be used to correspond to a certain operating condition (i.e., the current operating condition).

[0058] In some embodiments, the process of determining the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition based on the current parameter, temperature parameter, and load type may include: the load type identification module in the area controller identifies the load type corresponding to the current parameter and transmits the load type to the dynamic threshold generation module; after receiving the load type, current parameter, and temperature parameter, the dynamic threshold generation module can determine the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition based on the current parameter, temperature parameter, and load type.

[0059] In some embodiments, the process of determining the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition based on current parameters, temperature parameters, and load type may include: inputting the rate of change of current, the duration of the current value, the temperature parameter, and the load type into a prediction model, and outputting the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition from the prediction model. The current parameters include the rate of change of current and the duration of the current value.

[0060] In some embodiments, the prediction model can be created based on a nonlinear fitting algorithm, and the prediction model includes multiple weight parameters and multiple input variables. For example, the multiple weight parameters are K1, K2, K3, and K4. K1 can be a weight parameter corresponding to the rate of change of current, K2 can be a weight parameter corresponding to the duration of the current value, K3 can be a weight parameter corresponding to the temperature parameter, and K4 can be a weight parameter corresponding to the load type. The multiple input variables are the rate of change of current, the duration of the current value, the temperature parameter, and the load type.

[0061] For example, after the prediction model is initialized, the weight parameters K1=0.3, K2=0.25, K3=0.25, and K4=0.2 in the prediction model. Of course, the prediction model may also involve other input variables and weight parameters related to current, temperature, and load type, and this application does not limit this.

[0062] By using the aforementioned current parameters, temperature parameters, and load type, the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions can be determined. In this way, the protection strategy can be dynamically adapted based on the real-time electrical status, equipment temperature data, and different types of loads, thereby making the overcurrent protection threshold setting more accurate and reliable, effectively avoiding false tripping or insufficient protection caused by fixed thresholds, and improving the safety and stability of system operation.

[0063] Step 104: Based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions, perform overcurrent protection through at least one current regulation method.

[0064] In some embodiments, the process of performing overcurrent protection based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition may include: after determining the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, the dynamic threshold generation module in the area controller may transmit the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition to the hierarchical protection execution module, and perform overcurrent protection based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition through at least one current regulation method.

[0065] In this embodiment, current and temperature parameters are first acquired. If the current parameter exceeds a first threshold, the load type corresponding to the current parameter is determined based on a load feature database. Then, based on the current parameter, temperature parameter, and load type, an overcurrent protection threshold for the current operating condition is determined. Finally, current protection is executed according to the overcurrent protection threshold. The load feature database can identify current changes caused by the load, thereby avoiding false protection scenarios. Furthermore, by adjusting the overcurrent protection threshold in real time according to the operating condition formed by the current parameter, temperature parameter, and load type, one overcurrent protection threshold can be assigned to each operating condition. This avoids false triggering caused by load start-up impacts and accurately activates protection in hazardous scenarios (such as high temperature, long-term overcurrent, etc.), reducing overcurrent misjudgments and significantly improving threshold adaptability.

[0066] The following describes the process prior to step 102, which is based on the load characteristic database.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the process may include, but is not limited to, the following steps 201-203.

[0068] Step 201: Obtain the current curves corresponding to at least one load type under different operating stages.

[0069] In some embodiments, different execution phases may include a startup phase and a stabilization phase. Different load types may include resistive loads, inductive loads, and capacitive loads.

[0070] In some embodiments, different types of vehicle loads (such as resistive loads, inductive loads, and capacitive loads) have different electrical behavior characteristics, which are visually reflected in the curve of their current changing over time (i.e., the current curve). A high-frequency sampling circuit can collect current data of different types of vehicle loads at different execution stages (such as the startup stage and the stabilization stage), and then a current curve can be generated based on this current data.

[0071] During startup, resistive loads experience a direct surge of current to their steady-state value without significant delay. Inductive loads, due to electromagnetic induction, often require a large inrush current to overcome static friction during startup, after which the current gradually decreases to the lower steady-state value needed to maintain rotation. Capacitive loads experience near-short-circuit startup, generating extremely high peak currents to charge their internal capacitors, before rapidly decreasing to very low leakage current.

[0072] For example, a high-frequency sampling circuit can collect current curves corresponding to the startup and steady-state phases of a large number (e.g., 100 types) of typical vehicle loads (such as LED lights, wiper motors, radar sensors, ECUs, etc.). Then, current characteristic data such as peak current multiple (1.2~5.0 times), rise time (10~500ms), and steady-state fluctuation coefficient (≤5%) are extracted from the current curves to generate a load characteristic database (also known as a classification index database).

[0073] Step 202: Based on the current curves corresponding to at least one load type, determine the current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve.

[0074] After obtaining the current curve corresponding to at least one load type, key features can be extracted from the current curve corresponding to each load type to obtain the current feature data corresponding to each current curve.

[0075] Understandably, after extracting key features from the current curve corresponding to each load type, the obtained current feature data may include: peak current, current rise time, fluctuation coefficient, amplitude and duration of starting inrush current, current rise slope, fall time after surge peak, and current ripple during stable operation.

[0076] By analyzing the current curves corresponding to at least one load type, the current characteristic data corresponding to each load type can be obtained. Then, the load type corresponding to the current circuit can be identified based on the current characteristic data corresponding to each load type.

[0077] Step 203: Generate a load feature database based on the current curves corresponding to at least one load type and the current feature data corresponding to each current curve.

[0078] Here, the load characteristic database is used to characterize the current changes corresponding to at least one load type under different execution stages.

[0079] In some embodiments, the process of generating a load characteristic database based on current curves corresponding to at least one load type and current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve may include: after obtaining current curves corresponding to at least one load type and current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve, classifying, encoding, and storing each current curve and its corresponding current characteristic data to form a load characteristic database. Here, the load characteristic database may be stored in non-volatile memory.

[0080] In this way, the load characteristic database can not only serve as the basis for subsequent load type identification, but also output the optimal overcurrent protection threshold corresponding to each type of load (such as relaxing the short-term overcurrent tolerance for motor starting characteristics), thereby improving the safety and reliability of the power distribution system and realizing the intelligent upgrade of vehicle power from passive protection to active management.

[0081] In this embodiment, by acquiring current curves corresponding to at least one load type at different execution stages, complete electrical change information of the load throughout the entire process from startup, operation to shutdown can be collected. This provides real raw data support for subsequent load characteristic analysis and avoids feature identification bias caused by data fragmentation or staged processing. Then, using each current curve, the current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve is determined, thereby transforming the raw waveform information into quantifiable electrical indicators. This achieves standardized extraction from waveform signals to feature parameters, reducing the complexity of subsequent data processing and identification. Finally, a load characteristic database is generated based on the current curves corresponding to at least one load type and the current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve. This database can structurally store the current change patterns of different execution stages and different load types, enabling the load characteristic database to accurately characterize the current changes of the current circuit at different execution stages, providing a data foundation and judgment basis for subsequent load type identification.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: Step 301: Determine the deviation between the real-time current value and the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions.

[0083] It is understandable that the overcurrent acquisition module in the area controller periodically collects the current value of the current circuit. After determining the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions, the collected real-time current can be compared with the overcurrent protection threshold. Of course, other current parameters of the current circuit can also be collected and compared with the overcurrent protection threshold; this application does not limit this.

[0084] In some embodiments, after obtaining the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition through the prediction model, the collected real-time current value can be compared with the overcurrent protection threshold to determine the deviation between the current value and the overcurrent protection threshold. The prediction model can then be corrected based on the deviation between the current value and the overcurrent protection threshold, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction model's output.

[0085] Step 302: Adjust the weight coefficients in the prediction model using the deviation value to obtain the optimized prediction model.

[0086] Here, the optimized prediction model is used to generate overcurrent protection thresholds under different operating conditions.

[0087] In some embodiments, after determining the deviation value, the weight coefficients in the prediction model can be adjusted based on the deviation value to obtain an optimized prediction model. Continuous optimization of the prediction model can improve its adaptability in different scenarios and reduce the false trigger rate during long-term use. This reduces malfunctions or insufficient protection caused by inappropriate overcurrent protection threshold settings, thereby improving the safety and stability of the system.

[0088] In this embodiment, by determining the deviation between the real-time current value and the overcurrent protection threshold, the difference between the actual operating state and the overcurrent protection threshold can be quantified, providing a quantifiable target for optimizing the prediction model. Then, this deviation value is used to adjust the weight coefficients in the prediction model, making the output of the prediction model approximate the real-world scenario. In this way, the prediction accuracy of the overcurrent protection threshold can be continuously improved. Through continuous iterative optimization, the prediction model can better adapt to different operating conditions, improving the stability, reliability, and adaptability of the system protection.

[0089] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, due to significant differences in the start-up impact characteristics and steady-state current waveforms of different types of loads, it is necessary to collect current operation data for different operating stages (such as the start-up stage and the steady-state stage) by connecting different types of loads separately. To ensure coverage of extreme operating conditions in the vehicle environment, the data collection scenarios should at least cover: rated voltage ±20% fluctuation range, and temperature range of -40℃ to 125℃, to cover extreme operating conditions in the vehicle environment. At least 10,000 start-stop cycle tests can be performed cumulatively, recording ≤30 false triggers, and calculating the false trigger rate (target value ≤0.3%). Through extensive statistical testing, the reliability of the data can be verified, ensuring that the sample size meets the confidence interval requirements.

[0090] After acquiring current parameters under different load types and operating conditions using the overcurrent acquisition module, the acquired current parameters can be calibrated. This calibration process includes setting basic parameters, initializing weighting coefficients, and constructing a load characteristic database.

[0091] Among them, the basic parameter settings include the rated current I n Sampling frequency and current change rate are important parameters. For example, the sampling frequency can be set above 1000Hz, and the current change rate detection range can be 0~5A / ms. After obtaining the current parameters, a normalized minimum mean square adaptive filter can be used to separate the current caused by load fluctuations and the current caused by slow faults. This can enhance the robustness of the vehicle's power distribution system in the complex electromagnetic environment of a car.

[0092] Initializing the weight coefficients includes setting the weight parameters of the prediction model. The construction of the load feature database can be found in steps 201-203 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0093] Subsequently, the overcurrent protection thresholds for different types of loads can be dynamically optimized by the input of the feedback calibration module. For example, the optimized overcurrent protection threshold Itthreshold=I*(1+k), where I is the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, and K can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation. This application does not limit this.

[0094] The following describes the process of overcurrent protection in step 104, which is based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions and uses at least one current regulation method.

[0095] In one possible implementation, the process may include, but is not limited to, step 401 below.

[0096] Step 401: When multiple real-time current values ​​collected are greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, but less than the hardware safety threshold, generate a first warning message to trigger overcurrent protection through at least one current regulation method.

[0097] Here, the first warning information is used to trigger overcurrent protection through at least one current regulation method.

[0098] In some embodiments, when multiple real-time current values ​​collected are all greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition and less than the hardware safety threshold, the process of generating a first warning message may include: after determining the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, the current values ​​in the vehicle's power distribution system can be continuously collected. After collecting multiple consecutive current values ​​within a preset time period, the multiple consecutive current values ​​can be compared with the overcurrent protection threshold respectively. When multiple current parameters are all greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection threshold, it is necessary to further determine whether the multiple current parameters collected are less than the hardware safety threshold; if the multiple current parameters collected are less than the hardware safety threshold, then a first warning message is generated.

[0099] Since multiple current values ​​collected are below the hardware safety threshold, the power supply to the vehicle's electrical distribution system will not be switched during this process. However, if multiple current parameters exceed the overcurrent protection threshold, it indicates an abnormality in the circuit loop. In this case, the loop current under the current operating condition can be adjusted by triggering the first warning information.

[0100] In this embodiment, the execution range of overcurrent protection can be defined by using overcurrent protection thresholds and hardware safety thresholds. This allows current regulation to be performed within this range when a circuit malfunctions, rather than immediately shutting down the circuit, providing a self-healing recovery window and improving system continuity and utilization.

[0101] The process after generating the first warning information in step 401 will be explained below.

[0102] In one possible implementation, the process may include, but is not limited to, steps 501-504 below.

[0103] Step 501: If the heat generated by the current circuit exceeds the second threshold, in response to the first warning information, the current is adjusted by the PWM adjustment signal to obtain the first current value.

[0104] In some embodiments, the process of detecting that the heat generated by the current circuit exceeds a second threshold, and adjusting the current through a PWM adjustment signal in response to a first warning message to obtain a first current value may include: after receiving the first warning message, monitoring the heat generated by the current circuit; and after detecting that the heat generated by the current circuit exceeds a second threshold, adjusting the current through a PWM adjustment signal in response to the first warning message to obtain a first current value.

[0105] Understandably, generating the first warning message indicates an abnormality in the current of the vehicle's electrical distribution system. Generally, when an abnormal current occurs, the heat generated in the circuit will continuously increase. When the heat generated in the circuit exceeds a second threshold, in response to the first warning message, the loop current under the current operating condition can be adjusted until the adjusted current meets the requirements, i.e., the adjusted current is less than or equal to the overcurrent protection threshold. In this way, the current in the vehicle's electrical distribution system can be reduced to within a safe range through adjustment, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the vehicle's electrical distribution system.

[0106] For example, an abnormal current in a vehicle's electrical distribution system could be caused by a short circuit. When a short circuit occurs, the current in the vehicle's electrical distribution system increases, and consequently, the heat generated by the circuit also rises. When the heat generated by the circuit exceeds a second threshold, current regulation needs to be performed.

[0107] In some embodiments, the process of adjusting the loop current under the current operating condition may include: adjusting the current through a PWM adjustment signal to obtain a first current value.

[0108] For example, the process of adjusting current parameters via a PWM control signal may include: controlling the on-time and off-time ratio of a power switching device by outputting pulse signals of fixed frequency but different duty cycles, thereby changing the average voltage across the load. Thanks to the smoothing effect of energy storage components such as inductors and capacitors, the load current does not fluctuate drastically with the switching action, but rather forms a stable average current. A smaller duty cycle results in a shorter switch on-time, a lower average voltage, and consequently, a smaller average load current, thus achieving current regulation.

[0109] Step 502: Compare the first current value with the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition to obtain the comparison result.

[0110] In some embodiments, after the current value is adjusted by the PWM adjustment signal, the adjusted first current value can be compared with the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition to obtain the corresponding comparison result.

[0111] By comparing the values, it can be determined whether the adjusted current value falls within the overcurrent protection threshold. Then, based on the comparison results, it can be further determined whether the corresponding overcurrent control needs to be executed again, thereby ensuring the safety of the vehicle's electrical distribution system.

[0112] Step 503: When the comparison result is greater than the preset threshold, adjust the first current value to obtain the second current value.

[0113] In some embodiments, if the comparison result is greater than a preset threshold, it indicates that the adjusted current value is still greater than the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, and overcurrent control needs to be performed again. If the comparison result is less than or equal to the preset threshold, it indicates that the adjusted current value meets the requirements, and overcurrent control is no longer needed.

[0114] When overcurrent control needs to be executed again, the first current value can be adjusted once or multiple times to obtain the second current value. If the second current value obtained after one adjustment is less than the overcurrent protection threshold, the first current value can be adjusted only once. If the second current value obtained after one adjustment is still greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, the first current value can be adjusted multiple times. In this way, by adjusting the current value, the current value in the circuit can be adjusted to within the overcurrent protection threshold as quickly as possible, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle's power distribution system.

[0115] Step 504: If the second current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, and the circuit change meets the preset conditions, then control the current circuit to disconnect.

[0116] As mentioned above, the second current value here is the current value obtained after at least one current adjustment. If the second current value is still greater than the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, it is possible to further detect whether the circuit change meets the preset conditions. If the circuit change meets the preset conditions, the current circuit is directly controlled to disconnect.

[0117] In some embodiments, a circuit change meeting a preset condition may mean that the heat generated by the circuit exceeds a third threshold, or that the second current value is greater than a hardware safety threshold. Generally, when the heat generated by the circuit exceeds the third threshold, it indicates that the circuit condition is still deteriorating after multiple current adjustments, and the heat in the circuit is still rising.

[0118] Furthermore, if the second current value exceeds the hardware safety threshold, it indicates that the current in the circuit has not been controlled and the current value continues to rise after multiple current adjustments, thus determining the current operating condition as a deterministic fault. To ensure the safety of all hardware in the vehicle's power distribution system, in this situation, the current circuit is directly disconnected.

[0119] In some embodiments, the process of controlling the current circuit to disconnect may include: the hierarchical protection execution model generating a shutdown command, which is transmitted to the eFuse chip or high-side driver chip at the execution end to drive it to cut off the power path. Simultaneously, the hierarchical protection execution model generates and stores a fault code that uniquely identifies the abnormal event. This fault code is used to record the time of the current fault, the fault type, and the current curves before and after the fault.

[0120] In this embodiment, when the heat generated by the current circuit exceeds a second threshold, a first current adjustment is performed via a PWM control signal. The adjusted first current value is then compared with an overcurrent protection threshold. If the comparison result is greater than a preset threshold, a second current adjustment is performed. If the second current value after the second adjustment is still greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, and the circuit changes meet preset conditions, the control circuit is disconnected. This multi-stage adjustment gradually reduces the circuit load, avoiding direct shutdown under abnormal conditions and providing redundant buffer space for current circuit operation. Furthermore, final disconnection protection is only executed when multiple stages of adjustment fail to meet safety requirements, thereby completely isolating the fault and ensuring that the circuit and load are not damaged.

[0121] The process of adjusting the first current value in step 503 to obtain the second current value will be explained below.

[0122] In one possible implementation, the process may include, but is not limited to, steps 5031-5032 described below.

[0123] Step 5031: Adjust the first current value using the high-side driver chip to obtain the third current value.

[0124] As can be seen from step 503 above, if the comparison result is greater than the preset threshold, the first current value is adjusted.

[0125] In some embodiments, adjusting the first current value includes adjusting the first current value using at least one current adjustment method. The at least one current adjustment method includes adjusting the first current value using a high-side driver chip to obtain a third current value. Alternatively, the at least one current adjustment method includes adjusting the first current value using an eFuse to obtain a third current value.

[0126] For example, an eFuse is an electronic fuse protection chip, a recoverable circuit protection device used to replace traditional physical fuses. An eFuse can exist as a standalone chip or be integrated as a functional module into a power supply chip. When the output current value exceeds a set safety threshold, the eFuse can limit the current to a first preset range, thereby protecting the downstream load and power system. Furthermore, after the fault is cleared, the eFuse can automatically recover or recover via a control signal. The high-side driver chip here functions similarly to the eFuse, both possessing current limiting capabilities. When the output current exceeds a set threshold, the high-side driver chip can clamp the current within a first preset range.

[0127] Step 5032: If the third current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, the third current value is adjusted by current clamping to obtain the second current value.

[0128] After adjusting the first current value, it can be further determined whether the adjusted third current value meets the requirements. If the third current value meets the requirements, the current circuit operates normally. If the third current value does not meet the requirements, the third current value is adjusted further to obtain the second current value.

[0129] In some embodiments, a third current value not meeting the requirements means that the third current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold. If the third current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, the third current value can be further adjusted using current clamping to obtain a second current value.

[0130] Here, current clamping refers to monitoring the current in a circuit through a clamping circuit (e.g., composed of a diode, Zener diode, or operational amplifier). Once the current exceeds a set limit, the clamping circuit will limit the current within the threshold by means of shunting, reducing the voltage, or adjusting the drive signal.

[0131] Generally, activating the highest level of protection when the current value just exceeds the set limit, or when it's merely a momentary spike, can lead to frequent system starts and stops and poor stability. Therefore, when performing current clamping, the duration of the current exceeding the limit can be monitored simultaneously. For example, if the current value exceeds the set limit but only lasts for a few microseconds, it might just be normal fluctuation, and the tiered protection module will only record the information without performing any corresponding control operations. If it lasts for several milliseconds, then the current value is determined to be abnormal and current clamping is needed to regulate the current.

[0132] In this embodiment, the first current value is initially controlled with fine precision and smoothing by a high-side driver chip to avoid drastic current surges. Subsequently, when the third current value still exceeds the overcurrent protection threshold, it is forcibly limited by a current clamping circuit to obtain a second current value, thereby preventing current spikes. Thus, through the fine adjustment of the high-side driver chip and the forced current limiting by the current clamping, both smooth current regulation and hardware-level overcurrent protection are achieved. This effectively suppresses reverse surges generated during inductive load switching, reduces the risk of overcurrent damage, and prevents the driven equipment from suddenly failing due to current surges, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the system.

[0133] The following describes the process after adjusting the current parameters using the PWM adjustment signal to obtain the first current value in step 501.

[0134] In one possible implementation, the process may include, but is not limited to, steps 5011-5013 below.

[0135] Step 5011: Adjust the first current value through first-level current limiting and second-level current limiting to obtain the fourth current value.

[0136] In this embodiment, after adjusting the current parameters through the PWM adjustment signal to obtain the first current value, two types of protection can be triggered. The first type of protection path is: first, the first current value is adjusted through a two-stage current limiting, and then the adjustment is strengthened through a first-stage current limiting, thereby obtaining the fourth current value.

[0137] In some embodiments, the process of adjusting the first current value through a first-level current limiting and a second-level current limiting to obtain a fourth current value may include: adjusting the first current value through a second-level current limiting to obtain an adjusted first current value; and then adjusting the adjusted first current value through a first-level current limiting to obtain a fourth current value. The adjusted first current value is stable within a first preset range, and the fourth current value is stable within a second preset range.

[0138] Step 5012: If the fourth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, the fourth current value is adjusted by current clamping to obtain the fifth current value.

[0139] After obtaining the fourth current value, it can be further determined whether the fourth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold. If the fourth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, it can be adjusted again by current clamping to obtain the fifth current value. The method of adjusting by current clamping can be referred to the aforementioned step 5032, which will not be repeated here.

[0140] Step 5013: If the fifth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, then control the current circuit to disconnect.

[0141] If the fifth current value is still greater than the overcurrent protection threshold after the fifth current value is obtained, the current circuit will be directly disconnected. After the circuit is disconnected, a corresponding fault code can be generated and stored for this abnormal event.

[0142] In some embodiments, after adjusting the current parameters through the PWM adjustment signal to obtain a first current value, the method further includes: adjusting the first current value through a first-level current limit to obtain a sixth current value; when the sixth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, adjusting the sixth current value through current clamping to obtain a seventh current value; if the seventh current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, controlling the current circuit to disconnect.

[0143] Specifically, if the seventh current value exceeds the overcurrent protection threshold, the process of controlling the current circuit to disconnect includes: if the seventh current value is detected to be continuously deteriorating and exceeding the buffer regulation capacity, then the third-level current interruption protection is triggered. After the third-level current interruption is executed, the system state jumps to the third-level breakpoint, where the breakpoint logic makes a judgment based on preset conditions, and performs a loop disconnection operation when the breakpoint trigger threshold is met, thereby achieving comprehensive hierarchical protection of the circuit.

[0144] Here, the three-level interruption is used to execute corresponding levels of interruption actions under different degrees of abnormality. The three-level interruption point refers to the interruption point or stop point in the circuit, used to determine step by step whether it is necessary to finally disconnect the circuit.

[0145] In this embodiment, the first current value is adjusted step by step using first-level current limiting and second-level current limiting to obtain the fourth current value. When the fourth current value is still greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, the fifth current value is obtained by further adjustment through current clamping. The current circuit is disconnected only when the fifth current value still exceeds the threshold. This can realize graded current limiting and clamping protection, avoid the circuit from being directly disconnected due to instantaneous overcurrent, improve the circuit's working stability and self-healing ability, and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the circuit.

[0146] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, after acquiring the real-time current of the current circuit, the real-time current can be compared with the overcurrent protection threshold. Once the real-time current is detected to reach the overcurrent protection threshold, a first-level warning will be triggered. That is, if multiple consecutive sampled values ​​exceed the set overcurrent protection threshold, but do not exceed the hardware safety threshold, the power supply will not be cut off at this stage.

[0147] If the energy (such as heat) generated by the current circuit continues to accumulate to the second threshold within a set time, the circuit will enter the "PWM regulation + threshold comparison" stage for initial control. At this point, the current regulation function is triggered, adjusting the current through the PWM signal. Simultaneously, the adjusted current value is compared with the overcurrent protection threshold. If the overcurrent cannot be controlled after initial regulation, the circuit enters the second-level current limiting stage. This involves limiting the output current to a safe value using an eFuse or intelligent high-side driver chip, attempting "operation with the fault," and observing whether the current returns to normal. After the second-level current limiting, "current clamping + buffer monitoring" is triggered to stabilize the current. If the situation continues to worsen, and the energy still accumulates after current limiting and reaches the third threshold, or the current rises sharply beyond the hardware safety threshold, a deterministic fault is identified, and a third-level current cutoff is initiated. Here, the third-level current cutoff refers to the algorithm issuing a shutdown command, causing the eFuse chip or intelligent high-side chip to cut off the circuit, generating a fault code, and storing and recording the fault information (fault time, fault type, and current curves before and after the fault).

[0148] In addition, after acquiring the real-time current, it will directly enter the "PWM regulation + early warning information" mode for control, triggering two types of protection. Path 1: First, a secondary current limit is executed, followed by a primary current limit for reinforcement. The current limit value corresponding to the secondary current limit is different from that corresponding to the primary current limit. If there is no improvement after two current limits, the current is further stabilized through "current clamping + buffer monitoring," then it jumps to the tertiary breakpoint. After the tertiary breakpoint, "loop disconnection" is executed, and the fault event, i.e., the fault data corresponding to the fault event, is recorded. The signal of the loop disconnection is finally fed back to the execution path, completing the overcurrent protection process. Path 2: After the "primary current limit," "current clamping + buffer monitoring" is triggered to stabilize the current. If the situation continues to deteriorate, a tertiary current interruption is directly performed. After the tertiary current interruption, it also jumps to the "tertiary breakpoint," and after the tertiary breakpoint, "loop disconnection" is executed, and the fault event is recorded.

[0149] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, this overcurrent protection method can be applied to the following multiple stages. Specifically, 1) Initialization stage: After the area controller is powered on, the algorithm initiates hardware self-test and database loading, that is, completes hardware initialization, load characteristic database loading, and initial weight coefficient setting. After power-on, the temperature of the current circuit can be obtained, and the initial protection threshold can be set based on the temperature of the current circuit. 2) Feature acquisition stage: After the power-on initialization is completed, hardware library monitoring can be performed. After the aforementioned preparatory work is completed, the current change of the current circuit is monitored in real time. For example, sampling is performed according to a fixed period (1000H). Z (Sampling) current parameters, for example, according to 1000H Z Sampling. Then, using a normalized least mean square adaptive filtering algorithm, the current caused by normal load fluctuations and potential slow fault currents are effectively separated, eliminating interference data. (That is, the above is equivalent to...) Figure 6 The process includes: (1) Parameter switching operation, deviation optimization, graded action, and protection execution process) 3) Load identification and fluctuation judgment stage: If the detected current parameter change exceeds 80% of the rated current, the load identification (also known as load type identification) process is initiated, the load characteristic database is matched, and the log is recorded; at the same time, it is determined whether it is a normal load fluctuation, and if it is a fluctuation, the overcurrent protection threshold is adjusted. 4) Dynamic threshold generation stage: After the load identification is completed, the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition is calculated by nonlinear fitting formula based on the identified load type, current change rate, duration of current value (also known as overcurrent duration), and temperature parameter. 5) Graded protection execution stage: The real-time current is compared with the overcurrent protection threshold, and the corresponding actions are executed according to the logic of first-level warning, second-level current limiting, and third-level breakpoint, while the event parameters are recorded (i.e., the above content is equivalent to...). Figure 6 (Including protection execution and hierarchical action log analysis). 6) Feedback calibration phase: After the protection action is executed, analyze the deviation between the actual circuit current value and the overcurrent protection threshold output by the prediction model, optimize the weight coefficients and correction function parameters through the gradient descent algorithm, and update the prediction model (i.e., the above content is equivalent to...). Figure 6 (Parameter recording and parameter optimization).

[0150] The overcurrent protection method provided in this disclosure will be described in detail below through an embodiment, combined with a specific application scenario.

[0151] With the development of new energy vehicles and intelligent connected vehicles, the area controller, as the core of the distributed power distribution system, needs to simultaneously power multiple loads such as lights, radar, cameras, and actuators. The load types cover inductive, capacitive, and resistive, and the operating conditions are complex and variable. Existing area controller overcurrent protection algorithms have three major defects: First, the overcurrent protection threshold is fixed, setting a single threshold based only on the rated current, which cannot distinguish between normal load fluctuations (such as motor starting inrush current) and slow overcurrents (such as line aging leakage and abnormal load power consumption), resulting in a false trigger rate as high as 5% to 10%, affecting the stability of the vehicle's electronic system; Second, the protection action is rigid, mostly adopting a single "overcurrent equals power cut" mode, lacking a buffer adjustment mechanism, which not only easily damages inductive loads (such as motor windings) but may also cause sudden failure of critical equipment, leading to safety risks; Third, the influence of environmental and operating conditions is not considered, ignoring the differences in overcurrent tolerance between temperature and load type. In high-temperature environments, insufficient threshold redundancy can easily lead to premature triggering, or excessively high thresholds can cause overheating and damage to power distribution components. Current industry patents mostly focus on hardware protection circuit optimization or simple correction of fixed thresholds, lacking systematic algorithmic innovation from "feature recognition - threshold adaptation - hierarchical protection", which makes it difficult to adapt to the needs of complex power distribution scenarios. There is an urgent need to develop an overcurrent protection algorithm with accurate recognition, dynamic adaptation and flexible protection capabilities.

[0152] To address the aforementioned issues, a vehicle power distribution architecture solution is provided. This solution utilizes multiple regional controllers to distribute power throughout the vehicle. Each regional controller contains five functional modules, which together form a closed-loop control system. These five functional modules are: an overcurrent characteristic acquisition module, a load type identification module, a dynamic threshold generation module, a graded protection execution module, and a feedback calibration module.

[0153] The system comprises several key components: an overcurrent feature acquisition module that synchronously acquires core parameters of current and temperature using a high-precision, high-frequency sampling circuit, and a software filtering algorithm to improve data reliability, providing high-quality input for subsequent identification and decision-making; a load type identification module that establishes a load feature database and accurately matches load types based on current curve characteristics during startup and steady-state phases, resolving protection adaptation issues caused by differences in overcurrent tolerance among different loads; a dynamic threshold generation module that breaks through the limitations of traditional fixed thresholds by integrating four key parameters—current change rate, duration, temperature, and load type—and generating real-time adaptive overcurrent protection thresholds through a nonlinear fitting algorithm, achieving "one threshold per operating condition"; a graded protection execution module that abandons the single power-off mode and adopts a three-level logic of "early warning adjustment - current limiting buffer - breakpoint protection," minimizing the impact on the load and the entire vehicle system while ensuring power distribution safety; and a feedback calibration module that continuously optimizes algorithm parameters through a self-learning mechanism to improve adaptation accuracy in different scenarios and reduce the false trigger rate during long-term use.

[0154] The vehicle power distribution architecture solution improves the reliability and safety of related measures through software algorithms, including precise identification, dynamic threshold self-calibration mechanism, hierarchical system flexible protection logic, and self-learning iterative optimization measures.

[0155] 1) Accurate identification of multi-dimensional overcurrent features: For the first time, the current change rate, duration, temperature and load type are incorporated into a unified identification system, solving the problem of "false judgment" caused by traditional algorithms that only rely on current amplitude. The accuracy rate of slow overcurrent identification is ≥99.7%, and the accuracy rate of normal load fluctuation identification is ≥99.5%. 2) Dynamic threshold self-calibration mechanism: The overcurrent protection threshold is generated based on a multivariate nonlinear fitting algorithm and can be adjusted in real time according to the operating conditions. This avoids false triggering caused by load start-up impact and can accurately activate protection in dangerous scenarios such as high temperature and long-term overcurrent. The threshold adaptability is improved by 80% compared with the traditional fixed threshold. 3) Hierarchical and Cooperative Flexible Protection Logic: Through the step-by-step actions of "early warning-current limiting-breakpoint", flexible protection is achieved that can "adjust without limiting current and limit current without interrupting power", reducing the damage rate of inductive loads by more than 90% and significantly reducing the risk of sudden failure of critical equipment. 4) Self-learning iterative optimization capability: The feedback calibration module can dynamically optimize algorithm parameters based on actual operating data, adapting to power distribution scenarios with different vehicle models and different load combinations, without the need for manual recalibration, thus improving the versatility and long-term stability of the algorithm.

[0156] This application provides an adaptive protection system, algorithm, and vehicle for slow overcurrent protection in regional controller power distribution. A schematic diagram of the system architecture is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, it includes a high-voltage battery pack (i.e., HV Battery), an HV / 12V DC-DC converter, a 12V battery, at least two zone controllers, several capacitive loads, several resistive loads, several inductive loads, and several wires.

[0157] The high-voltage battery pack output is directly connected to the HV / 12V DC / DC converter. The DC / DC converter converts the high voltage to 12V and outputs it to the 12V battery and the area controller. The 12V battery and area controller are connected in parallel with the HV / 12V DC / DC converter. However, the core of the device is that the area controller distributes power to the entire vehicle through intelligent power distribution. Its most obvious feature is that it has the ability to perform high-precision current sampling and fault diagnosis (such as overcurrent and overtemperature). At the same time, it can be reset through MCU commands, achieving "maintenance-free" operation.

[0158] The area control system includes a load type identification module, an overcurrent acquisition module, a graded protection execution module, a dynamic threshold generation module, and a feedback calibration module. These five modules together form a closed-loop control system, which improves the reliability and security of the area control overcurrent protection.

[0159] based on Figure 2 Steps, Figure 3 This diagram illustrates a closed-loop control system comprised of five modules in a zone controller. When the zone controller supplies power, it outputs to different types of connected loads. The overcurrent acquisition module uses a high-precision, high-frequency sampling circuit to obtain the output current and drive temperature parameters. Simultaneously, the acquired parameters are processed by software and transmitted to the load type identification module. This module accurately matches the load type based on the current curve characteristics during startup and stabilization phases, establishing a load characteristic database to resolve protection adaptation issues caused by differences in overcurrent tolerance among different loads.

[0160] In addition, the dynamic threshold generation module, through the database established above, breaks through the limitations of traditional fixed thresholds, integrates four key parameters: current change rate, duration, temperature, and load type, and generates real-time adaptive overcurrent protection thresholds through a nonlinear fitting algorithm, realizing "one threshold for one operating condition" to adapt to the power consumption scenarios of various vehicle operating conditions and reduce the scenarios of accidental shutdown caused by special operating conditions.

[0161] Meanwhile, based on the input of dynamic thresholds, the graded protection execution module abandons the single power-off mode and adopts a three-level logic of "early warning adjustment - current limiting buffer - breakpoint protection". Under the premise of ensuring power distribution safety, it minimizes the impact on the load and the whole vehicle system, that is, it matches protection strategies for different operating conditions through graded protection.

[0162] The feedback calibration module, through the input of the above data, continuously optimizes the algorithm parameters through a self-learning mechanism, improves the adaptation accuracy under different scenarios, reduces the false trigger rate during long-term use, and improves the accuracy of the intelligent power distribution overcurrent protection of the area controller, that is, the reliability of intelligent power distribution.

[0163] like Figure 5As shown, when the area controller distributes power to the outside, the system first detects and collects real-time current. Once the detected real-time current reaches the threshold for triggering an early warning, a first-level early warning is triggered. This occurs when multiple consecutive sampled values ​​exceed the overcurrent protection threshold but do not exceed the hardware safety threshold, but the power supply is not cut off at this stage. If the abnormal energy continues to accumulate to the second threshold within a set time, the system will enter the "PWM regulation + threshold comparison" stage for preliminary control. At this time, the current regulation function is triggered, that is, the current is adjusted through the PWM regulation signal, and the threshold is compared again. If the preliminary control still cannot control the overcurrent situation, the system will enter the second-level current limiting stage. The output current is limited to a safe value through eFuse or intelligent high-side driver chip, attempting "operation with the fault" and observing whether the current returns to normal. After the "second-level current limiting", "current clamping + buffer monitoring" is triggered to stabilize the current. If the situation continues to deteriorate, and the energy after current limiting still accumulates and reaches the third threshold, or the current rises sharply and exceeds the hardware safety threshold, it is determined to be a deterministic fault, and a third-level current interruption is directly performed. The algorithm immediately issues a shutdown command, causing the EFUSE chip or intelligent high-side chip to cut off the circuit, generate a fault code, and store and record the fault information (time, type, and current curves before and after the fault).

[0164] After real-time current acquisition, the system directly enters the "PWM regulation + early warning information" stage for control, triggering two types of protection. Path 1: First, a secondary current limit is executed, followed by a primary current limit for reinforcement. If there is still no improvement after two current limits, "current clamping + buffer monitoring" is used to further stabilize the current, then it jumps to the tertiary breakpoint. After the tertiary breakpoint, "loop disconnection" is executed, and the event is recorded. The loop disconnection signal is ultimately fed back to the "execution route module," completing the overcurrent protection process. Path 2: After the primary current limit, "current clamping + buffer monitoring" is triggered to stabilize the current. If the situation continues to worsen, a tertiary current interruption is directly implemented. After the tertiary current interruption, it also jumps to the "tertiary breakpoint," and after the tertiary breakpoint, "loop disconnection" is executed, and the event is recorded. In short: real-time current monitoring, current adjustment or early warning via PWM, then gradually initiating "primary early warning" to "secondary current limit or interruption," finally determining whether to execute "tertiary current interruption" through current monitoring, recording the event, and closing the loop to the execution route.

[0165] Overcurrent protection threshold can be based on Figure 4 Configure the settings as shown. Due to the significant differences in current characteristics among different loads, inductive, capacitive, and resistive loads can be connected separately to collect data on startup impact and steady-state operation. A total of 10,000 tests will be conducted, with ≤30 false triggers and a false trigger rate ≤0.3%, ensuring data reliability.

[0166] The current parameters are collected by the overcurrent acquisition module, and the collected data is used for basic parameter calibration. The relevant steps are as follows: 1) Basic parameter setting: Rated current I n Based on the regional controller power distribution circuit specifications (3A / 5A / 10A / 20A / 30A selectable), the sampling frequency is set to above 1000Hz. A normalized minimum mean square adaptive filter is used to effectively separate currents caused by normal load fluctuations and potential slow fault currents, enhancing the system's robustness in the complex electromagnetic environment of automobiles. The temperature sampling range is -40℃ to 125℃, and the current change rate detection range is 0 to 5A / ms. 2) Weighting coefficient initialization: K1=0.3, K2=0.25, K3=0.25. K4=0.2, and the threshold of each load will be dynamically optimized through the input of the feedback calibration module. The threshold Itthreshold=I*(1+k) is set, and K is adjustable; 3) Load feature database construction: Collect the startup and steady-state current curves of a large number (100 types) of typical vehicle loads (such as LED lights, wiper motors, radar sensors, ECUs, etc.), extract characteristic parameters such as peak current multiple (1.2~5.0 times), rise time (10~500ms), and steady-state fluctuation coefficient (≤5%), and establish a classification index database.

[0167] like Figure 6 As shown, another overcurrent protection method is provided. This overcurrent protection method includes the following steps.

[0168] 1) Initialization phase: After the area controller is powered on, the algorithm starts self-test, completes sampling circuit calibration (i.e., hardware initialization), load characteristic database loading and initial weight coefficient setting, and sets initial overcurrent protection threshold based on the current loop temperature.

[0169] 2) Feature acquisition stage: Real-time high-frequency acquisition of current RMS value, current change rate and loop temperature data are collected at fixed intervals. Feature parameters are updated every 10ms. Through normalized minimum mean square adaptive filtering algorithm, the current caused by normal load fluctuation and potential slow fault current are effectively separated and interference data is eliminated.

[0170] 3) Load identification and fluctuation judgment stage: If the detected current change exceeds 80% of the rated current, the load type identification process is started, the load feature database is matched, and the log is recorded; at the same time, it is determined whether it is a normal load fluctuation. If it is a fluctuation, the threshold redundancy is adjusted.

[0171] 4) Dynamic threshold generation stage: Based on the identified load type, real-time current change rate, overcurrent duration and temperature data, the adaptive overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition is calculated by nonlinear fitting formula.

[0172] 5) Graded protection execution phase: Compare the real-time current with the overcurrent protection threshold, execute the corresponding actions according to the logic of first-level early warning, second-level current limiting, and third-level breakpoint, and record the event parameters at the same time.

[0173] 6) Feedback calibration phase: After the protection action is executed, the deviation between the event characteristics and the algorithm prediction is analyzed, and the weight coefficients and correction function parameters are optimized through the gradient descent algorithm and updated to the algorithm model.

[0174] Based on the aforementioned technical methods, the overcurrent false trigger rate is reduced from the current 5%~10% to below 0.3%, significantly improving the stability of the area controller and the vehicle's electronic systems; the overcurrent handling response time is ≤20ms, a 50% improvement over traditional algorithms, enabling rapid prevention of escalation of danger; the graded protection logic reduces the damage rate of inductive loads by 90%, extending load lifespan; the dynamic threshold adapts to multiple voltage levels (12V / 24V / 48V) and diverse loads, offering strong versatility and eliminating the need for repeated development for different vehicle models; the algorithm can be software-integrated into existing area controller MCUs, requiring no additional hardware costs and facilitating industrialization. This solution addresses the pain points of overcurrent protection in complex power distribution scenarios at the algorithmic level, breaking through the functional limitations of traditional algorithms and providing core technical support for the safe and reliable operation of intelligent vehicle area controllers, with broad market application prospects.

[0175] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an overcurrent protection device, referring to... Figure 7 As shown, the overcurrent protection device may include a data acquisition unit 701, a determination unit 702, and an adjustment unit 703. The acquisition unit 701 is used to acquire current and temperature parameters under the current operating conditions at preset time intervals. The determining unit 702 is used to determine the load type corresponding to the current parameter based on the load characteristic database when the current parameter exceeds the first threshold, and to determine the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition based on the current parameter, temperature parameter and load type. The regulating unit 703 is used to perform overcurrent protection based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions by means of at least one current regulation method.

[0176] In some embodiments, the determining unit 702 is further configured to input the current change rate, the duration of the current value, the temperature parameter and the load type into the prediction model to obtain the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition; the current parameter includes at least the current change rate and the duration of the current value.

[0177] In some embodiments, the determining unit 702 is further configured to determine the deviation between the real-time current value and the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition; and to adjust the weight coefficients in the prediction model using the deviation value to obtain an optimized prediction model, which is used to generate overcurrent protection thresholds under different operating conditions.

[0178] In some embodiments, the acquisition unit 701 is further configured to acquire current curves corresponding to at least one load type under different operating stages; the determination unit is further configured to determine current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve based on the current curves corresponding to at least one load type; and generate a load characteristic database based on the current curves corresponding to at least one load type and the current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve, wherein the load characteristic database is used to characterize the current changes corresponding to at least one load type under different execution stages.

[0179] In some embodiments, the adjustment unit 703 is further configured to generate a first warning message when the multiple real-time current values ​​collected are greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition and less than the hardware safety threshold, so as to trigger overcurrent protection through at least one current adjustment method.

[0180] In some embodiments, the adjustment unit 703 is further configured to: detect that the heat generated by the current circuit exceeds a second threshold; respond to the first warning information; adjust the current through a PWM adjustment signal to obtain a first current value; compare the first current value with the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition to obtain a comparison result; adjust the first current value to obtain a second current value when the comparison result is greater than a preset threshold; and if the second current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition and the circuit change meets a preset condition, control the current circuit to disconnect, wherein the preset condition is that the heat generated by the current circuit exceeds a third threshold, or the second current value is greater than a hardware safety threshold.

[0181] In some embodiments, the adjustment unit 703 is further configured to adjust the first current value using the high-side driving chip to obtain a third current value; and if the third current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, adjust the third current value by current clamping to obtain a second current value.

[0182] In some embodiments, the adjustment unit 703 is further configured to adjust the first current value through first-level current limiting and second-level current limiting to obtain a fourth current value; if the fourth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, adjust the fourth current value through current clamping to obtain a fifth current value; if the fifth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, control the current circuit to disconnect.

[0183] It should be noted that the overcurrent protection device provided in this embodiment includes all the units included, which can be implemented by a processor in an electronic device; of course, it can also be implemented by specific logic circuits; in the implementation process, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor (MPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0184] The description of the above apparatus embodiments is similar to that of the above method embodiments, and has similar beneficial effects. For technical details not disclosed in the apparatus embodiments of this disclosure, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of this disclosure for understanding.

[0185] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this disclosure, if the above-described vehicle driving control method is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of this disclosure, or the part that contributes to related technologies, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several voice commands to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods of the various embodiments of this disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. Thus, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to any specific hardware and software combination.

[0186] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide another electronic device that can implement the overcurrent protection method provided in the first aspect above.

[0187] In one example, reference Figure 8 The electronic device 80, as shown, includes: a processor 801, at least one communication bus 802, a user interface 803, at least one external communication interface 804, and a memory 805. The communication bus 802 is configured to enable communication between these components. The user interface 803 may include a display screen, a microphone, etc. The external communication interface 804 may include standard wired and wireless interfaces.

[0188] The memory 805 is configured to store voice commands and applications executable by the processor 801, and can also cache data to be processed or already processed by the processor 801 and various modules in the electronic device (e.g., image data, audio data, voice communication data and video communication data), which can be implemented by flash memory or random access memory (RAM).

[0189] In some embodiments, this disclosure provides a vehicle including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program or voice instructions, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method provided in the first aspect.

[0190] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium, namely a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program or voice instruction is stored, wherein when the computer program or voice instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of any of the overcurrent protection methods provided in the first aspect of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0191] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program or voice instructions. When the computer program or voice instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps in any of the overcurrent protection methods provided in the first aspect of the above embodiments.

[0192] It should be noted that the descriptions of the above embodiments of storage media, devices, apparatuses, and program products are similar to the descriptions of the above method embodiments and have similar beneficial effects. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of storage media, devices, apparatuses, and program products of this disclosure, please refer to the descriptions of the method embodiments of this disclosure for understanding.

[0193] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in some embodiments" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this disclosure, the sequence numbers of the above-described processes do not imply a sequential order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this disclosure. The sequence numbers of the above-described embodiments are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0194] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0195] In the several embodiments provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components may be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the various components shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0196] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units. They may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0197] In addition, each functional unit in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0198] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program voice commands. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0199] Alternatively, if the integrated units described above are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, or the parts that contribute to related technologies, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several voice commands to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods of the various embodiments of this disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0200] The above are merely embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0201] It should be understood that if this disclosure references any user data and personal information (including but not limited to device information, behavioral data, location information, etc.) and before applying the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this disclosure, the relevant products or services should comply with the laws and regulations concerning the protection of user data and personal information, strictly process users' personal information and data in accordance with the provisions of applicable laws and regulations throughout the entire data processing lifecycle, follow the principles of legality, legitimacy, necessity, good faith, openness, and transparency, and adopt reasonable privacy design schemes and technical measures to ensure the security of user data and personal information, protect users' legitimate rights and interests, and prevent the risks of leakage, theft, or tampering of user data and personal information.

[0202] Specifically, the company must publish and display its privacy policy in a prominent position on the user interface, clearly informing users of the types, purposes, uses, and methods of processing personal information, as well as other matters that should be disclosed as required by laws and regulations; obtain users' prior informed consent or explicit authorization for data processing through user-initiated interaction (such as confirmation pop-ups); process or store user data securely within the legally required timeframe; adopt a series of security technologies and management measures, including but not limited to data encryption and access control; share and transfer user data within the scope permitted by law and in a legally required manner; and process user rights, including the rights to query, access, correct, delete, withdraw authorization and consent, cancel registration, and obtain copies of personal information, within the legally required timeframe.

Claims

1. A method for overcurrent protection, characterized in that, The method includes: The current and temperature parameters under the current operating conditions are collected at preset time intervals. If the current parameter exceeds a first threshold, the load type corresponding to the current parameter is determined based on the load feature database. Based on the current parameters, the temperature parameters, and the load type, determine the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition; Based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating conditions, overcurrent protection is performed through at least one current regulation method.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition based on the current parameter, the temperature parameter, and the load type includes: The overcurrent protection threshold under the current condition is obtained by inputting the current change rate, the duration of the current value, the temperature parameter, and the load type into the prediction model; the current parameter includes at least the current change rate and the duration of the current value.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine the deviation between the real-time current value and the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition; The weight coefficients in the prediction model are adjusted using the deviation value to obtain an optimized prediction model, which is used to generate overcurrent protection thresholds under different operating conditions.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Prior to the load characteristic database, the method further includes: Obtain the current curves for at least one load type under different operating stages; Based on the current curves corresponding to the at least one load type, determine the current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve. Based on the current curves corresponding to the at least one load type and the current characteristic data corresponding to each current curve, the load characteristic database is generated. The load characteristic database is used to characterize the current changes of at least one load type under different execution stages.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The overcurrent protection based on the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, and the overcurrent protection through at least one current regulation method, includes: When multiple real-time current values ​​collected are greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, but less than the hardware safety threshold, a first warning message is generated to trigger overcurrent protection through at least one current regulation method.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The overcurrent protection achieved through at least one current regulation method includes: If the heat generated by the current circuit exceeds the second threshold, in response to the first warning information, the current is adjusted by the PWM adjustment signal to obtain the first current value; By comparing the first current value with the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, a comparison result is obtained; When the comparison result is greater than a preset threshold, the first current value is adjusted to obtain a second current value; If the second current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, and the circuit change meets the preset conditions, then the current circuit is controlled to disconnect. The preset conditions are that the heat generated by the current circuit exceeds the third threshold, or the second current value is greater than the hardware safety threshold.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the first current value to obtain the second current value includes: The first current value is adjusted using a high-side driver chip to obtain a third current value; If the third current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold under the current operating condition, the third current value is adjusted by current clamping to obtain the second current value.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After adjusting the current using a PWM adjustment signal to obtain a first current value, the method further includes: The first current value is adjusted by first-level current limiting and second-level current limiting to obtain the fourth current value; If the fourth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, the fourth current value is adjusted by current clamping to obtain the fifth current value; If the fifth current value is greater than the overcurrent protection threshold, then the current circuit is controlled to disconnect.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a processor and a memory storing processor-executable instructions; when the instructions are executed by the processor, the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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