A high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot planting in arid regions
By combining precise rope weaving and mechanized sowing with drip irrigation systems and scientific management, the problems of high seed consumption, low sowing efficiency, and low yield in carrot cultivation in arid areas have been solved, achieving high-efficiency and high-yield carrot cultivation, significantly increasing yield per acre and improving marketability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XINJIANG ACAD OF AGRI SCI (XINJIANG BRANCH OF CHINESE ACAD OF AGRI SCI)
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing carrot cultivation in arid regions suffers from problems such as high seed consumption, low sowing efficiency, high production costs, and low yields. In particular, carrot yields vary greatly in desert oasis areas, resulting in low marketability. Traditional sowing methods lead to waste of seeds and labor, and improper water and fertilizer management affects quality.
Using a specialized CNC rope-making machine for carrot seeds for precise rope making, combined with mechanized sowing, drip irrigation systems, and scientific field management, including reasonable sowing time, fertilization, and disease control, ensures increased germination rate and yield.
It achieves efficient sowing, with a germination rate of over 95%, a yield of 9,000 to 10,000 kilograms per mu, and a marketable rate of over 90%, significantly reducing production costs and improving the production efficiency of carrots.
Smart Images
Figure CN122296211A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of crop cultivation technology, and specifically relates to a high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot cultivation in arid regions. Background Technology
[0002] Carrots are widely cultivated in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with a total planting area of approximately 300,000 mu (about 20,000 hectares). Ridge-drip irrigation cultivation is currently the main high-yield cultivation technique being promoted, offering advantages for carrot growth and increased yield. It is significant for improving carrot production and expanding the carrot-growing area. This technique significantly increases yield and efficiency, is simple to implement, and is widely accepted by carrot growers. However, in desert oasis areas, due to the hot and dry summer climate, soil drought intensifies year by year, and planting patterns vary considerably, resulting in large differences in carrot yield, low marketable rate, and reduced production.
[0003] Currently, the common planting method is ridge sowing or hole sowing in spring or summer. However, this traditional sowing method has several problems: First, it requires a large amount of seed, about 300-400 grams per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares); second, it requires 2-3 manual thinnings during the seedling stage, resulting in high labor costs and low germination rates; third, the yield per mu is low, leading to low production efficiency; fourth, inconsistent sowing depth and density result in seedlings of varying sizes and uneven growth later on; fifth, carrot seedlings have tender roots, and improper thinning can easily cause root deformities; sixth, improper water and fertilizer management during cultivation affects carrot quality. Therefore, traditional cultivation methods not only waste seeds and labor but also result in high planting costs. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot cultivation in arid regions, which solves the technical problems of large seed consumption, low sowing efficiency, high production cost and low carrot yield in existing carrot cultivation. Immediately after sowing, water is dripped in small amounts 2-3 times, for 2-3 hours each time, with a water penetration depth of 20-30cm on the ridge surface. Seedlings emerge in 8-10 days, which improves the yield of carrot cultivation.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:
[0006] A high-yield cultivation method for carrots suitable for open-field planting in arid regions includes the following steps:
[0007] Precision seed rope making: The seeds are processed into seed ropes using a special CNC rope making machine for carrot seeds. The seed positioning distance for red carrots is 3.5~4cm, and for yellow carrots it is 5.5~6.0cm. The seed quantity per mu is 80~100 grams.
[0008] Crop rotation: In southern Xinjiang, two crops are sown from the end of February to the beginning of March and from the end of July to the beginning of August; in northern Xinjiang, sowing is done from the end of March to the beginning of April and before June 20.
[0009] Land preparation and fertilization: Apply 45,000-60,000 kg / hm² of well-rotted farmyard manure and 180-225 kg / hm² of diammonium phosphate, then deep plow to 25-30 cm and harrow to level the land.
[0010] Mechanized sowing: The process of ridging, applying base fertilizer, burying seed ropes, laying drip irrigation tape, and compaction is completed in one go. The ridge height is 15-20cm, the ridge surface width is 30cm, the ridge bottom width is 40cm, there are 2 rows per ridge, the seed rope is buried to a depth of 1-1.5cm, and one drip irrigation tape is laid.
[0011] Weed control: Spray pendimethalin for pre-emergence weed control within 5 days after sowing, and cultivate and manually weed during the seedling stage;
[0012] Field management: drip irrigation 10-12 times, top dressing of humic acid fertilizer, urea, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and calcium fertilizer and boron and molybdenum fertilizer twice during the fruit enlargement period;
[0013] Disease control: To control powdery mildew, spray the corresponding agent at the early stage of the disease;
[0014] Harvesting: Harvest at the appropriate time after 100-120 days of growth.
[0015] Optionally, the CNC rope braiding machine is the Neunem O.BASF model, with operating parameters of 55% initial force, 42% constant force, 100 suction cup holes, and using the single-seed braiding method.
[0016] Optional, well-rotted farmyard manure is dark brown organic fertilizer made from cow manure composted the previous year.
[0017] Optionally, the spacing between sowing ridges is 40cm, the row spacing on the ridges is 15-20cm, and the seed rope is buried at a depth of 1-1.5cm.
[0018] Optionally, the main pipe for drip irrigation is a 75mm diameter PVC pipe, the drip irrigation tape has a drip hole spacing of 30cm and a flow rate of 2.0L / h, the drip irrigation tape is mechanically covered with soil every 5~10m, and the seed rope is located 8~10cm on both sides of the drip irrigation tape and is set parallel to each other.
[0019] Furthermore, in irrigation management, drip water 3 times from sowing to emergence, control water for 10-12 days during the 4-5 leaf stage, and stop drip water 10 days before harvest. Each irrigation should last 3-4 hours.
[0020] Optional, when applying closed weed control, spray 33% pendimethalin when the soil moisture is 50%-60% and the weather is windless or lightly windy. The dosage is 150-200 ml per acre, diluted with 30-40 kg of water, and the nozzle is 15-20 cm above the ground.
[0021] Optional, calcium fertilizer is a medium-element water-soluble fertilizer with a calcium content >160g / l and an amino acid content >50g / l. It is applied 45-50 days after emergence and 12-15 days later, with each application being 3-3.5 kg per mu. For foliar spraying, seaweed boron molybdenum micro-element water-soluble fertilizer is applied at a rate of 2 kg per mu.
[0022] Optionally, when controlling powdery mildew, avoid planting cucurbit crops in the same field or in the surrounding area. At the initial stage of the disease, spray with sulfur powder or triazole fungicide at a dilution of 5000 times, and spray 3 times at 3-day intervals.
[0023] Optionally, harvesting should be done on sunny, frost-free, and dew-free days, using a carrot harvester in conjunction with manual cutting and bagging.
[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0025] 1. The cost per mu (667 square meters) of this invention is 1500-2100 yuan, and the yield is 9000-10000 kg per mu. Poplar, elm, or willow trees surround the sowing area as a windbreak to reduce damage to the furrows from sandstorms and strong winds. Sowing efficiency is high, completing 8 rows in one go. Immediately after sowing, apply small amounts of water 2-3 times, each time for 2-3 hours, with a water penetration depth of 20-30 cm on the ridge surface. Seedlings emerge in 8-10 days, with an emergence rate exceeding 95%, more than 20% higher than traditional methods. For red carrots, the plant spacing is controlled at approximately 4 cm to ensure wind damage during the seedling stage and uniform root growth during the fruit enlargement stage, achieving a marketable rate of over 90%.
[0026] 2. This invention can effectively solve the problems of large seed consumption, low sowing efficiency, high production cost and low carrot yield in existing carrot cultivation. It can achieve two crops a year in southern Xinjiang and staggered sowing in northern Xinjiang, with a yield of 9,000 to 10,000 kilograms per mu. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the yellow carrot seed rope structure of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the red carrot seed rope structure of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the ridge body of the present invention.
[0031] icon:
[0032] 1-Seed rope, 2-Seed, 3-Ridge, 4-Ditch on ridge, 5-Drip irrigation tape. Detailed Implementation
[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0034] This invention provides a high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot planting in arid regions, overcoming the technical problems of large seed consumption, low sowing efficiency, high production costs, and low carrot yield in existing carrot cultivation. It can effectively solve the problems of large seed consumption, low sowing efficiency, high production costs, and low carrot yield in existing carrot cultivation, achieving two crops a year in southern Xinjiang and staggered sowing in northern Xinjiang, with a yield of 9,000 to 10,000 kilograms per mu.
[0035] This invention is achieved through the following measures: a high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot cultivation in arid regions, comprising the following steps:
[0036] The first step is precise seed rope weaving. A specialized CNC seed rope weaving machine for carrots is used to process the seeds into seed ropes. The machine, operated by Neunheim O.BASF, has the following parameters: initial force 55%, constant force 42%, and 100 suction cup holes. A single-seed rope weaving method is used, with the seed spacing determined based on the characteristics of the carrot variety. Through a planting density experiment, using red and yellow carrots as materials, four plant spacings were set: 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, and 6cm. After 90 days of growth, the marketability, deformity rate, and cracking rate of carrot fleshy roots were compared under different plant spacing conditions. The results showed that red carrots had the best marketability rate (over 90%) at a plant spacing of 4cm, with neatly arranged fleshy roots and a uniform appearance. Yellow carrots showed earlier maturity, vigorous above-ground growth, and an earlier fleshy root enlargement period than red carrots. The fleshy root diameter was 4.0-5.5 cm, and the marketability was higher at a plant spacing of 6cm. Therefore, if… Figure 1 As shown, when the selected variety is yellow carrot, the seed spacing on the seed rope 1 should be 5.5-6cm (i.e., the distance between two adjacent seeds 2), and the seed quantity per mu (unit of land area) should be 80-100 grams; Figure 2 As shown, when the selected variety is red carrot, the seed 2 on the seed rope 1 should be positioned 3.5-4cm apart, and the seed quantity per mu should be greater than 80-100 grams.
[0037] The second step is crop rotation. Sowing time should be arranged reasonably according to the planting area. Generally, in areas south of the Tianshan Mountains, sowing can be done from late February to early March in spring, and a second crop can be sown from late July to early August in summer and autumn, achieving two crops a year. In areas north of the Tianshan Mountains, sowing can be done after the snow melts in spring, from late March to early April, and no later than June 20 in summer. The specific crop rotation arrangement is shown in Table 1 below.
[0038] Table 1. Crop Rotation Schedule
[0039]
[0040] The third step, before land preparation, is to evenly spread 45,000 kg / hm² of well-rotted farmyard manure. 2 ~60000 kg / hm 2 Well-rotted farmyard manure is dark brown, derived from the previous year's cow dung compost; diammonium phosphate is 180–225 kg / hm². 2 The soil is mechanically plowed to a depth of 25-30cm, and rotary tillage and harrowing are carried out by machinery to achieve "fine, loose, broken and level" soil.
[0041] The fourth step is sowing. This is done using a homemade seeder, which can complete the processes of ridging, furrowing, seed rope installation, drip irrigation tape laying, and compaction in one go, achieving mechanized sowing of 4 ridges and 8 rows in a single operation. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the cross-section of ridge 3 is trapezoidal, with a ridge height of 15-20cm, a top width of 30cm, a bottom width of 40cm, and a ridge spacing of 40cm (i.e., the distance between two adjacent ridges). Two rows are sown on each ridge, with a row spacing of 15-20cm. Seeding ropes 1 are buried 1-1.5cm deep in the furrows 4 on the ridges. One drip irrigation tape 5 is laid on each ridge 3, positioned between two furrows 4. Every 5-10m, the drip irrigation tape 5 is mechanically covered with soil to prevent wind damage. Seeding ropes 1 are located on both sides of the drip irrigation tape 5, 8-10cm away from it, and buried 1-1.5cm below the soil surface, parallel to the drip irrigation tape 5.
[0042] Step 5: Weeding. Within 5 days of sowing, apply a pre-emergence herbicide to the soil surface. Maintain soil moisture at 50%-60% in calm or lightly windy weather. Use a sprayer to apply 150-200 ml of 33% pendimethalin per acre, diluted in 30-40 kg of water, and spray evenly with the nozzle 15-20 cm above the ground. When seedlings have 4-5 leaves, cultivate and weed once. Perform manual weeding every 10-15 days to keep the field weed-free throughout the entire growth period.
[0043] The sixth step is to carry out field management and pest and disease control.
[0044] Irrigation Management: Drip irrigation is used. The main drip irrigation pipe is a 75mm diameter PVC pipe, with drip nozzles spaced 30cm apart and a flow rate of 2.0L / h. From the second day after sowing until emergence, drip water three times to keep the soil surface moist and ensure an emergence rate of over 95%. During the 4-5 leaf stage, water should be withheld for 10-12 days, then watered only when the soil is dry to the touch. Do not drip water for 10 days before harvest. Each irrigation session should last 3-4 hours, with a total of 10-12 drip irrigations throughout the entire growth period.
[0045] Fertilization Management: After carrots enter the bulking stage, apply fertigation twice with irrigation water, using a humic acid liquid fertilizer. The main components of the humic acid fertilizer are fulvic acid and acidic macronutrients, with an effective live bacteria count ≥200 million / ml, fulvic acid content ≥30g / l, organic matter ≥30g / l, and a pH value of 3-5. Apply 4-5 kg of urea per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares) via drip irrigation. Apply 2.5-3 kg of urea per mu via drip irrigation once. Apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer once every two drip irrigations, with 1-1.5 kg of phosphorus fertilizer and 2 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu via drip irrigation. Specific irrigation and fertilization management are shown in Table 2 below.
[0046] Table 2. Water and Fertilizer Management Records for Carrots at the Urumqi Base
[0047]
[0048] To prevent deformities and root cracking: Prepare the soil meticulously, promptly remove bricks and stones from the soil, maintain a balanced water supply during the growing season (water when the soil is dry to the touch), and apply fertilizer via drip irrigation in small amounts frequently. During the fleshy root enlargement period, apply calcium fertilizer and boron-molybdenum micronutrient fertilizer appropriately. Apply calcium fertilizer twice throughout the entire growth period. The calcium fertilizer should be a medium-element water-soluble fertilizer (amino acid calcium type), with a calcium content >160g / L and amino acid content >50g / L. The first application is during the early enlargement stage (45-50 days after emergence), when the fleshy root is about 1cm long, with drip irrigation at a rate of 3-3.5 kg per mu. During the middle stage of fleshy root enlargement, foliar spray with a micronutrient water-soluble fertilizer, seaweed boron-molybdenum, at a rate of 2 kg per mu. After an interval of 12-15 days, apply the second application of calcium fertilizer via drip irrigation at a rate of 3-3.5 kg per mu.
[0049] Part Seven, Disease Control: Primarily controlling powdery mildew. Carrots should not be planted in fields where they have been continuously cropped together. Avoid planting pumpkins, watermelons, or other cucurbit crops around the affected area to prevent early spread of powdery mildew from cucurbits to carrot fields. At the initial stage of disease, promptly implement green pest control techniques according to green food production requirements. When individual white powdery spots appear on the leaves, spray the leaves with a 5000-fold dilution of sulfur powder or triazole fungicides such as difenoconazole, tebuconazole, or propiconazole, repeating three times at three-day intervals.
[0050] Part 8, Harvesting: The growth period of carrots is generally 100-120 days. When the fleshy root has fully expanded, choose a sunny, frost-free, and dew-free day to harvest the carrots in a timely manner using a carrot harvester, combined with manual cutting and bagging.
[0051] The cost per mu (667 square meters) for this invention is 1500-2100 yuan, and the yield is 9000-10000 kg per mu. Poplar, elm, or willow trees surround the sowing area as a windbreak to reduce damage to the furrows from sandstorms and strong winds. Sowing efficiency is high, completing 8 rows in one go. Immediately after sowing, apply small amounts of water 2-3 times, each time for 2-3 hours, with a water penetration depth of 20-30 cm on the ridge surface. Seedlings emerge in 8-10 days, with an emergence rate exceeding 95%, more than 20% higher than traditional methods. For red carrots, the plant spacing is controlled at approximately 4 cm to ensure wind damage during the seedling stage and uniform root growth during the fruit enlargement stage, achieving a marketable rate of over 90%.
[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope described in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A high-yield cultivation method for carrots suitable for open-field planting in arid areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Precision seed rope making: The seeds are processed into seed ropes using a special CNC rope making machine for carrot seeds. The seed positioning distance for red carrots is 3.5~4cm, and for yellow carrots it is 5.5~6.0cm. The seed quantity per mu is 80~100 grams. Crop rotation: In southern Xinjiang, two crops are sown from the end of February to the beginning of March and from the end of July to the beginning of August; in northern Xinjiang, sowing is done from the end of March to the beginning of April and before June 20. Land preparation and fertilization: Apply 45,000-60,000 kg / hm² of well-rotted farmyard manure and 180-225 kg / hm² of diammonium phosphate, then deep plow to 25-30 cm and harrow to level the land. Mechanized sowing: The process of ridging, applying base fertilizer, burying seed ropes, laying drip irrigation tape, and compaction is completed in one go. The ridge height is 15-20cm, the ridge surface width is 30cm, the ridge bottom width is 40cm, there are 2 rows per ridge, the seed rope is buried to a depth of 1-1.5cm, and one drip irrigation tape is laid. Weed control: Spray pendimethalin for pre-emergence weed control within 5 days after sowing, and cultivate and manually weed during the seedling stage; Field management: drip irrigation 10-12 times, top dressing of humic acid liquid fertilizer, urea, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and calcium fertilizer and boron and molybdenum fertilizer twice during the fruit enlargement period; Disease control: To control powdery mildew, spray the corresponding agent at the early stage of the disease; Harvesting: Harvest at the appropriate time after 100-120 days of growth.
2. The high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot planting suitable for arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CNC braiding machine is a Neunheim O.BASF model, with operating parameters of 55% initial force, 42% constant force, 100 suction cup holes, and a single-seed braiding method.
3. The high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot planting suitable for arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The decomposed farmyard manure is a dark brown organic fertilizer made from cow manure composted the previous year.
4. The high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot planting suitable for arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between sowing ridges is 40cm, the row spacing on the ridges is 15-20cm, and the seed rope is buried at a depth of 1.0-1.5cm.
5. A high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot cultivation in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main pipe of the drip irrigation system is a 75mm diameter PVC pipe. The drip irrigation tape has a drip hole spacing of 30cm and a flow rate of 2.0L / h. The drip irrigation tape is mechanically covered with soil every 5-10m. The seed rope is located 8-10cm away from both sides of the drip irrigation tape and is set in parallel.
6. A high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot cultivation in arid regions according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the irrigation management, drip water 3 times from sowing to emergence, control water for 10-12 days during the 4-5 leaf stage, and stop drip water 10 days before harvest. Each irrigation lasts 3-4 hours.
7. A high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot cultivation in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, When performing closed weed control, the soil moisture should be 50%-60%. Spray 33% pendimethalin in windless or light windy weather, using 150-200 ml per acre, diluted with 30-40 kg of water, with the nozzle 15-20 cm above the ground.
8. A high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot cultivation in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcium fertilizer is a medium-element water-soluble fertilizer with a calcium content >160g / l and an amino acid content >50g / l. It is applied 45-50 days after emergence and 12-15 days later, at a rate of 3-3.5 kg per mu each time. The micro-element water-soluble fertilizer, seaweed boron molybdenum, is sprayed on the leaves at a rate of 2 kg per mu.
9. A high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot cultivation in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, When controlling powdery mildew, avoid planting cucurbit crops in the same field or in the surrounding area. At the initial stage of the disease, spray with sulfur powder or triazole fungicide at a dilution of 5000 times, and spray three times at three-day intervals.
10. A high-yield cultivation method for open-field carrot cultivation in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The harvesting is carried out on sunny, frost-free, and dew-free days, using a carrot harvester in conjunction with manual cutting and bagging of the vines.