A method and system for nerve block needle based on dynamic changes in injection pressure

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for nerve block puncture needles based on dynamic changes in injection pressure, relating to the field of medical device control technology. During operation, the system collects pressure data sequences at a preset sampling frequency using an intra-needle pressure sensor. These sequences are then smoothed using low-pass filtering and a fixed sampling window to obtain a stable pressure data sequence that characterizes the continuous pressure change trend and reduces high-frequency interference. Based on the stable pressure data sequence, the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration are calculated and jointly analyzed within the continuous sampling time interval. When the pressure change rate changes from positive to negative and exceeds a first preset threshold, and the pressure change acceleration experiences an extreme value change and exceeds a second preset threshold, fascial breakthrough is determined. The needle tip advancement speed is graded and adjusted according to the pressure change rate trend, and continuous and intermittent advancement are used to control the needle tip displacement. Real-time pressure data is compared with the target pressure range and pressure fluctuation range; when deviations occur, a needle tip position adjustment command is generated and a prompt signal is output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device control technology, specifically to a method and system for nerve block puncture needles based on dynamic changes in injection pressure. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of medical device and clinical operation technology, there is a need for puncture instruments and their process control technology for interventional procedures. This includes puncture instrument direction control that relies on fluid injection to determine positioning. In this type of technology, nerve block, a clinical procedure to achieve regional anesthesia by injecting medication into the tissue surrounding a target nerve, typically requires a puncture needle to enter a specific tissue layer and deliver the medication. During this process, the pressure within the needle cavity exhibits different response characteristics depending on the tissue structure. This leads to a puncture control method that uses pressure changes during injection as a basis for judgment. This method is applied in anesthesiology nerve block procedures, pain management interventions, and perioperative analgesia management scenarios to identify different tissue layers and assist in needle tip positioning during puncture advancement.

[0003] In the context of the aforementioned applications, existing nerve block puncture procedures mainly rely on the operator's subjective judgment of changes in touch, or on the assistance of imaging equipment for localization. However, the touch-based judgment method is difficult to reliably identify subtle differences between different tissue layers, while the imaging-assisted method has limitations in terms of equipment configuration, operational complexity, and real-time performance. Furthermore, the utilization of pressure changes during injection is mostly limited to judging a single pressure value or a simple trend, lacking a joint analysis mechanism for the rate of pressure change and the continuous characteristics of the change process. This makes it difficult to form a stable basis for determining breakthrough during puncture advancement, further affecting the continuity and consistency of needle tip localization and control.

[0004] In actual operation, due to individual differences in the structure of human tissue layers, the mechanical response between the skin layer, fat layer and fascia layer varies among different patients. During injection, the pressure signal in the needle cavity is easily affected by tissue non-uniformity and operational disturbances, resulting in fluctuations. When there is a lack of continuous analysis and judgment constraints on the pressure change process, it is easy to have unstable breakthrough judgment, unbalanced needle tip advancement rhythm and delayed position adjustment, which may lead to the needle tip entering non-target tissue layer or staying in a non-ideal position, causing the drug distribution to deviate from the expected area, and increasing the probability of repeated adjustment operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for nerve block puncture needles based on dynamic changes in injection pressure, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a nerve block puncture needle method based on dynamic changes in injection pressure, comprising the following steps: S1: The pressure inside the needle cavity is continuously collected by a pressure sensor at a preset sampling frequency during the injection process to obtain a pressure data sequence arranged in chronological order. The pressure data sequence is then subjected to low-pass filtering and smoothing based on a fixed sampling window to obtain a stable pressure data sequence that eliminates high-frequency interference and maintains the continuity of change. S2: Calculate the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration between adjacent sampling points based on the stable pressure data sequence, and perform synchronous analysis on the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration within a continuous sampling time interval consisting of multiple continuous sampling points. When the pressure change rate changes from a positive value to a negative value and its change amplitude exceeds the first preset threshold, and the pressure change acceleration experiences at least one extreme value change within the continuous sampling time interval and its amplitude exceeds the second preset threshold, it is determined that the needle tip has experienced fascial breakthrough. S3: After determining that the fascia has been broken through the needle tip, the needle tip advancement speed is adjusted in stages according to the trend of the pressure change rate within the continuous sampling time interval, and the needle tip is gradually advanced according to the preset puncture path, wherein the advancement control includes a continuous advancement stage and an intermittent advancement stage. S4: During the needle tip advancement process, the pressure data sequence is continuously monitored, and the real-time pressure data is compared with the preset target pressure range and the preset pressure fluctuation range. When it is detected that the pressure value has not entered the target pressure range or the pressure change exceeds the pressure fluctuation range, a needle tip position adjustment command is generated to correct the current position of the needle tip and output a prompt signal simultaneously.

[0007] Preferably, the pressure sensor includes multiple sensing units arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the needle body. Each sensing unit corresponds to a different depth position and synchronously collects pressure data. The data processing system establishes a depth distribution relationship based on the pressure data at each depth position, determines the pressure propagation characteristics by comparing the pressure change differences between adjacent depth positions, and determines the depth position of the fascia according to the correspondence between the pressure propagation characteristics and the preset tissue resistance change law.

[0008] Preferably, the denoising process involves low-pass filtering the pressure data sequence to remove high-frequency interference signals, and the smoothing process involves continuous averaging of the filtered pressure data based on a fixed-length sampling window to obtain a stable pressure data sequence with continuous variation.

[0009] Preferably, the continuous sampling time interval is a time period consisting of multiple continuous sampling points. During the time period, the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration are calculated synchronously, and the pressure change abrupt state is determined by statistically analyzing the extreme value changes of the pressure change acceleration during the time period.

[0010] Preferably, the needle tip propulsion speed adjustment method is to adjust the propulsion speed in stages according to the changing trend of the pressure change rate during the needle tip propulsion process. When the pressure change rate continues to increase, the propulsion speed is reduced. When it is determined that the needle tip has broken through the fascia, the propulsion speed is switched to the minimum propulsion state, and intermittent propulsion is performed according to a preset small displacement step.

[0011] Preferably, before needle tip advancement, the patient's body mass index, target nerve depth, and initial skin resistance data are collected, and a corresponding reference pressure change range is established based on the data. During needle tip advancement, the real-time collected pressure data is compared with the reference pressure change range point by point. When the real-time pressure data exceeds the reference pressure change range, the needle tip is restricted from further advancement.

[0012] Preferably, the needle tip position adjustment adopts a stepwise correction control method. In each sampling period, the needle tip displacement adjustment direction and displacement adjustment amount are determined based on the deviation between the current pressure data and the target pressure range, the pressure change rate, and the pressure change acceleration. The needle tip position is then corrected according to the displacement adjustment direction and displacement adjustment amount.

[0013] Preferably, the prompting signal includes a graphical display signal generated based on pressure data and an audible prompting signal corresponding to the pressure state. The graphical display signal is used to display the pressure change trend and the needle tip propulsion trajectory, and the audible prompting signal is used to indicate an abnormal pressure state.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure data, needle tip position information, and needle tip position adjustment information are transmitted to a remote terminal via a communication interface. The remote terminal generates control commands based on the received data and sends them to the puncture device to adjust the needle tip advance speed and direction.

[0015] A nerve block puncture needle system based on dynamic changes in injection pressure, comprising: A pressure sensor array is used to collect pressure data at different depths of the needle cavity and output a pressure data sequence. The data processing module, connected to the pressure sensor array, is used to perform noise reduction processing, time series analysis, and pressure change feature extraction on the pressure data sequence, and output the fascia breakthrough judgment result and pressure deviation information. The path control module, connected to the data processing module, is used to control the needle tip advance speed and needle tip position based on pressure change characteristics and pressure deviation information. The feedback control module, connected to the path control module, is used to generate a position adjustment command and output a prompt signal when the pressure is abnormal or the deviation exceeds the range, and at the same time send relevant data to a remote terminal.

[0016] This invention provides a method and system for nerve block puncture needles based on dynamic changes in injection pressure, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) When the system is running, this scheme focuses on the continuous acquisition and change characteristics analysis of pressure data during the injection process. The pressure signal is transformed from a single value into information on the change process with time correlation. This forms a judgment basis for continuous tracking during the puncture advancement process, so that the transition state of the needle tip between different tissue layers has identifiable characteristics. At the same time, an adjustment mechanism corresponding to the pressure change is introduced during the advancement process, so that the movement state of the needle tip and the pressure response are kept in a consistent relationship. This allows the puncture operation to shift from relying on experience judgment to process control based on objective data, and can still maintain a stable advancement rhythm and position control effect under complex tissue structure conditions.

[0017] (2) In the pressure data acquisition and basic processing stage, the pressure inside the needle cavity is continuously collected and time series data is constructed to make the pressure change have a traceable time sequence structure. At the same time, filtering and smoothing methods are combined to eliminate high frequency interference, so that the data on which the subsequent analysis is based can maintain continuity and stability. On this basis, a multi-point pressure acquisition method along the depth direction of the needle body is introduced so that the pressure changes at different depths can form a spatial distribution relationship. By analyzing the pressure change differences between adjacent depths, the transmission process of tissue resistance changes can be reflected, so that the fascia area forms a distinguishable characteristic interval in the pressure distribution, thereby providing multi-dimensional data support for subsequent judgment.

[0018] (3) In the pressure change characteristic analysis and propulsion control stage, by jointly analyzing the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration in the continuous sampling interval, the pressure change is not only reflected as a numerical change, but also reflects the trend and sudden change characteristics in the process of change. On this basis, the pressure sudden change is constrained by the extreme value change in the time interval, so that the fascia breakthrough judgment has a stable discrimination condition. At the same time, the pressure change trend is introduced into the needle tip propulsion control, so that the propulsion speed is adjusted in stages according to the pressure change state. In this process, the reference pressure range is introduced to constrain the pressure change under different individual conditions, so that the needle tip propulsion depth is controlled within the pressure range. The needle tip position is dynamically adjusted by combining the step-by-step correction method, so that the propulsion path remains continuous in the process of change.

[0019] (4) In terms of information feedback and extended control, by converting the pressure change status into graphic display and sound prompts, the pressure change and needle tip advancement during the operation can be perceived. At the same time, key data is transmitted to the remote terminal, so that pressure change, needle tip position and adjustment information can be received by external devices and used to generate control commands. On this basis, supplementary adjustment means for advancement speed and direction are formed, so that the operation process has external intervention capability on the basis of local control, so that the puncture process can still maintain stable adjustment capability and information accessibility in complex operating environments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a nerve block puncture needle method based on dynamic changes in injection pressure proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a system architecture diagram of a nerve block puncture needle method based on dynamic changes in injection pressure proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of pressure fluctuation monitoring and judgment during nerve block puncture proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example

[0023] This invention provides a nerve block puncture needle method based on dynamic changes in injection pressure. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 S1: The pressure inside the needle cavity is continuously collected by a pressure sensor installed in the needle cavity at a preset sampling frequency to obtain a pressure data sequence arranged in chronological order. The pressure data sequence is then subjected to low-pass filtering and smoothing based on a fixed sampling window to obtain a stable pressure data sequence that eliminates high-frequency interference and maintains the continuity of change. S2: Calculate the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration between adjacent sampling points based on the stable pressure data sequence, and perform synchronous analysis on the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration within a continuous sampling time interval consisting of multiple continuous sampling points. When the pressure change rate changes from a positive value to a negative value and its change amplitude exceeds the first preset threshold, and the pressure change acceleration experiences at least one extreme value change within the continuous sampling time interval and its amplitude exceeds the second preset threshold, it is determined that the needle tip has experienced fascial breakthrough. S3: After determining that the fascia has been broken through the needle tip, the needle tip advancement speed is adjusted in stages according to the trend of the pressure change rate within the continuous sampling time interval, and the needle tip is gradually advanced according to the preset puncture path, wherein the advancement control includes a continuous advancement stage and an intermittent advancement stage. S4: During the needle tip advancement process, the pressure data sequence is continuously monitored, and the real-time pressure data is compared with the preset target pressure range and the preset pressure fluctuation range. When it is detected that the pressure value has not entered the target pressure range or the pressure change exceeds the pressure fluctuation range, a needle tip position adjustment command is generated to correct the current position of the needle tip and output a prompt signal simultaneously.

[0024] In this embodiment, during the nerve block puncture procedure, a pressure sensor is placed inside the needle cavity, and the intracavitary pressure is continuously collected at a preset sampling frequency to obtain a complete pressure data sequence. Subsequently, the pressure data sequence is subjected to low-pass filtering to remove high-frequency interference signals, and the filtered data is smoothed through a fixed sampling window to ensure that the pressure data exhibits continuous variation characteristics over time. Based on this, the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration are calculated from the stable pressure data sequence, and both are analyzed synchronously within the continuous sampling time interval. When the pressure change rate changes from a positive value to a negative value and exceeds a first preset threshold, and simultaneously the pressure change acceleration experiences an extreme value abrupt change within the same time interval and exceeds a second preset threshold, it is determined that a fascial breakthrough has occurred at the needle tip. Subsequently, the needle tip advancement speed is adjusted in stages according to the trend of pressure change rate. During the advancement process, the needle tip displacement is controlled by combining continuous and intermittent advancement methods. At the same time, real-time pressure data is continuously compared with the target pressure range and pressure fluctuation range during the needle tip advancement. When deviation occurs, a needle tip position adjustment command is generated and a prompt signal is output. From the overall process, by combining the constraints of stable pressure data sequence, pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration, the fascia breakthrough judgment has a continuous basis, thereby solving the problem of unstable interlayer recognition caused by relying on manual judgment. During the advancement process, the needle tip position is constrained by the target pressure range and pressure fluctuation range, so that the needle tip can maintain a consistent advancement rhythm and position adjustment method under complex tissue conditions.

[0025] Example

[0026] This embodiment is an explanation of Embodiment 1. Specifically, the pressure sensor includes multiple sensing units arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the needle body. Each sensing unit corresponds to a different depth position and synchronously collects pressure data. The data processing system establishes a depth distribution relationship based on the pressure data at each depth position, and determines the pressure propagation characteristics by comparing the pressure change differences between adjacent depth positions. The depth position of the fascia is determined according to the correspondence between the pressure propagation characteristics and the preset tissue resistance change law.

[0027] The denoising process involves low-pass filtering the pressure data sequence to remove high-frequency interference signals, and the smoothing process involves continuous averaging of the filtered pressure data based on a fixed-length sampling window to obtain a stable pressure data sequence with continuous variation.

[0028] In this embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, multiple sensing units arranged at intervals along the needle body axis are used to synchronously collect pressure data at different depths. A pressure distribution relationship as a function of depth is established based on the pressure data at each depth. Pressure propagation characteristics are formed by analyzing the differences in pressure changes between adjacent depths. These characteristics are then matched with a preset tissue resistance variation law to determine the depth of the fascia. In this process, pressure changes at different depths are uniformly included in the analysis scope, so that the pressure data is no longer limited to single-point changes but forms a spatially continuous distribution structure. This allows for the identification of pressure transmission patterns between different tissue layers during the determination process. This method makes the fascia region exhibit differentiated variation ranges in pressure distribution. Overall, the correspondence between pressure propagation characteristics and tissue resistance variation laws provides a spatial distribution basis for fascia positioning, thus distinguishing it from single-point pressure judgment methods and solving the problem in existing technologies where relying solely on local pressure changes makes it difficult to identify tissue layers.

[0029] Example

[0030] This embodiment is an explanation based on Embodiment 1. Please refer to it. Figure 1 Specifically: the continuous sampling time interval is a time period consisting of multiple continuous sampling points. During the time period, the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration are calculated synchronously, and the pressure change abrupt state is determined by statistically analyzing the extreme value changes of the pressure change acceleration during the time period.

[0031] The needle tip propulsion speed adjustment method is to adjust the propulsion speed in stages according to the changing trend of the pressure change rate during the needle tip propulsion process. When the pressure change rate continues to increase, the propulsion speed is reduced. When it is determined that the needle tip has broken through the fascia, the propulsion speed is switched to the minimum propulsion state, and intermittent propulsion is performed according to the preset small displacement step.

[0032] In this embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, the continuous sampling time interval is further defined as a time period consisting of multiple continuous sampling points. Within this time period, the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration are calculated point by point. Simultaneously, the pressure abrupt change state is constrained by statistically analyzing the extreme value changes of pressure change acceleration within this time period. This ensures that the fascia breakthrough determination no longer relies on instantaneous changes at a single moment, but is based on a comprehensive judgment of changes over a period of time. This processing method prevents short-term fluctuations during pressure changes from directly affecting the determination result, thus enabling the joint analysis of pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration to have a time continuity constraint effect. Overall, by introducing the extreme value changes within the continuous sampling time interval, the fascia breakthrough determination has a stable time criterion, solving the problem of misjudgment caused by pressure signal disturbance.

[0033] Example

[0034] This embodiment is an explanation based on Embodiment 1. Please refer to it. Figure 3 Specifically: before needle tip advancement, the patient's body mass index, target nerve depth, and initial skin resistance data are collected, and a corresponding reference pressure change range is established based on the data. During needle tip advancement, the real-time collected pressure data is compared point by point with the reference pressure change range. When the real-time pressure data exceeds the reference pressure change range, the needle tip is restricted from further advancement.

[0035] The needle tip position adjustment adopts a stepwise correction control method. In each sampling period, the needle tip displacement adjustment direction and displacement adjustment amount are determined based on the deviation between the current pressure data and the target pressure range, the pressure change rate and the pressure change acceleration, and the needle tip position is corrected according to the displacement adjustment direction and displacement adjustment amount.

[0036] The prompting signal includes a graphical display signal generated based on pressure data and an audible prompting signal corresponding to the pressure status. The graphical display signal is used to display the pressure change trend and the needle tip propulsion trajectory, and the audible prompting signal is used to indicate an abnormal pressure status.

[0037] The pressure data, needle tip position information, and needle tip position adjustment information are transmitted to a remote terminal via a communication interface. The remote terminal generates control commands based on the received data and sends them to the puncture device to adjust the needle tip advance speed and direction.

[0038] In this embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, the needle tip advancement control is refined into a graded adjustment method. During advancement, multiple advancement speed levels are divided according to the changing trend of the pressure change rate. When the pressure change rate continues to increase, the advancement speed is gradually reduced. When it is determined that the needle tip has broken through the fascia, the advancement state is switched to an intermittent advancement state. Pressure is detected after each advancement before the next advancement is performed, so that the needle tip movement state and the pressure change state maintain a corresponding relationship. At the same time, before advancement, the patient's body mass index, target nerve depth, and initial skin resistance data are collected, and a reference pressure change range is established based on the data. During advancement, the real-time pressure data is compared with the reference pressure change range point by point. When the range is exceeded, the advancement of the needle tip is restricted. Overall, through the joint constraint of graded advancement speed adjustment and reference pressure change range, the needle tip advancement process can maintain a consistent adjustment mode under different individual conditions, thereby solving the problem that advancement control is difficult to unify due to tissue differences.

[0039] Example

[0040] A method and system for nerve block puncture needles based on dynamic changes in injection pressure; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2 Specifically, including: A pressure sensor array is used to collect pressure data at different depths of the needle cavity and output a pressure data sequence. The data processing module, connected to the pressure sensor array, is used to perform noise reduction processing, time series analysis, and pressure change feature extraction on the pressure data sequence, and output the fascia breakthrough judgment result and pressure deviation information. The path control module, connected to the data processing module, is used to control the needle tip advance speed and needle tip position based on pressure change characteristics and pressure deviation information. The feedback control module, connected to the path control module, is used to generate a position adjustment command and output a prompt signal when the pressure is abnormal or the deviation exceeds the range, and at the same time send relevant data to a remote terminal.

[0041] In this embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, a progressive correction control method is introduced during the needle tip advancement process. Within each sampling cycle, the needle tip displacement adjustment direction and amount are determined based on the deviation between the current pressure data and the target pressure range, the pressure change rate, and the pressure change acceleration. The needle tip position is then corrected according to the adjustment result. Simultaneously, the pressure data is converted into graphic display signals and audible prompt signals for output. The pressure data, needle tip position information, and needle tip position adjustment information are transmitted to a remote terminal via a communication interface. The remote terminal generates control commands based on the received data to adjust the needle tip advancement speed and direction. Overall, by combining displacement adjustment with information output, the needle tip position change becomes perceptible and adjustable. Furthermore, by leveraging the data processing capabilities of the remote terminal, the control information during the puncture process is made available for external intervention, thereby solving the problems of limited information acquisition and delayed adjustment response during the operation.

[0042] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method and system for nerve block puncture needle based on dynamic changes in injection pressure, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: The pressure inside the needle cavity is continuously collected by a pressure sensor at a preset sampling frequency during the injection process to obtain a pressure data sequence arranged in chronological order. The pressure data sequence is then subjected to low-pass filtering and smoothing based on a fixed sampling window to obtain a stable pressure data sequence that eliminates high-frequency interference and maintains the continuity of change. S2: Calculate the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration between adjacent sampling points based on the stable pressure data sequence, and perform synchronous analysis on the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration within a continuous sampling time interval consisting of multiple continuous sampling points. When the pressure change rate changes from a positive value to a negative value and its change amplitude exceeds the first preset threshold, and the pressure change acceleration experiences at least one extreme value change within the continuous sampling time interval and its amplitude exceeds the second preset threshold, it is determined that the needle tip has experienced fascial breakthrough. S3: After determining that the fascia has been broken through the needle tip, the needle tip advancement speed is adjusted in stages according to the trend of the pressure change rate within the continuous sampling time interval, and the needle tip is gradually advanced according to the preset puncture path, wherein the advancement control includes a continuous advancement stage and an intermittent advancement stage. S4: During the needle tip advancement process, the pressure data sequence is continuously monitored, and the real-time pressure data is compared with the preset target pressure range and the preset pressure fluctuation range. When it is detected that the pressure value has not entered the target pressure range or the pressure change exceeds the pressure fluctuation range, a needle tip position adjustment command is generated to correct the current position of the needle tip and output a prompt signal simultaneously.

2. The method for nerve block puncture needle based on dynamic changes in injection pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor includes multiple sensing units arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the needle body. Each sensing unit corresponds to a different depth position and synchronously collects pressure data. The data processing system establishes a depth distribution relationship based on the pressure data at each depth position, and determines the pressure propagation characteristics by comparing the pressure change differences between adjacent depth positions. The system determines the depth position of the fascia based on the correspondence between the pressure propagation characteristics and the preset tissue resistance change law.

3. The method for nerve block puncture needle based on dynamic changes in injection pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The denoising process involves low-pass filtering the pressure data sequence to remove high-frequency interference signals, and the smoothing process involves continuous averaging of the filtered pressure data based on a fixed-length sampling window to obtain a stable pressure data sequence with continuous variation.

4. The method for nerve block puncture needle based on dynamic changes in injection pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The continuous sampling time interval is a time period consisting of multiple continuous sampling points. During the time period, the pressure change rate and pressure change acceleration are calculated synchronously, and the pressure change abrupt state is determined by statistically analyzing the extreme value changes of the pressure change acceleration during the time period.

5. The method for nerve block puncture needle based on dynamic changes in injection pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The needle tip propulsion speed adjustment method is to adjust the propulsion speed in stages according to the changing trend of the pressure change rate during the needle tip propulsion process. When the pressure change rate continues to increase, the propulsion speed is reduced. When it is determined that the needle tip has broken through the fascia, the propulsion speed is switched to the minimum propulsion state, and intermittent propulsion is performed according to the preset small displacement step.

6. The method for nerve block puncture needle based on dynamic changes in injection pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before needle tip advancement, the patient's body mass index, target nerve depth, and initial skin resistance data are collected, and a corresponding reference pressure change range is established based on the data. During needle tip advancement, the real-time collected pressure data is compared with the reference pressure change range point by point. When the real-time pressure data exceeds the reference pressure change range, the needle tip is restricted from further advancement.

7. The method for nerve block puncture needle based on dynamic changes in injection pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The needle tip position adjustment adopts a stepwise correction control method. In each sampling period, the needle tip displacement adjustment direction and displacement adjustment amount are determined based on the deviation between the current pressure data and the target pressure range, the pressure change rate and the pressure change acceleration, and the needle tip position is corrected according to the displacement adjustment direction and displacement adjustment amount.

8. The method for nerve block puncture needle based on dynamic changes in injection pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prompting signal includes a graphical display signal generated based on pressure data and an audible prompting signal corresponding to the pressure status. The graphical display signal is used to display the pressure change trend and the needle tip propulsion trajectory, and the audible prompting signal is used to indicate an abnormal pressure status.

9. The method for nerve block puncture needle based on dynamic changes in injection pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure data, needle tip position information, and needle tip position adjustment information are transmitted to a remote terminal via a communication interface. The remote terminal generates control commands based on the received data and sends them to the puncture device to adjust the needle tip advance speed and direction.

10. A nerve block puncture needle system based on dynamic changes in injection pressure, applied to the nerve block puncture needle method based on dynamic changes in injection pressure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: A pressure sensor array is used to collect pressure data at different depths of the needle cavity and output a pressure data sequence. The data processing module, connected to the pressure sensor array, is used to perform noise reduction processing, time series analysis, and pressure change feature extraction on the pressure data sequence, and output the fascia breakthrough judgment result and pressure deviation information. The path control module, connected to the data processing module, is used to control the needle tip advance speed and needle tip position based on pressure change characteristics and pressure deviation information. The feedback control module, connected to the path control module, is used to generate a position adjustment command and output a prompt signal when the pressure is abnormal or the deviation exceeds the range, and at the same time send relevant data to a remote terminal.

Images