A sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function

Abstract

This invention discloses a sputum collection and processing system with biosafety protection function, relating to the technical field of sputum collection and processing systems with biosafety protection function, including a cyclone pre-separation chamber; a liquid level sensor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the cyclone pre-separation chamber, a micro switch is provided at the lower end of the outer side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber, a collection chamber cover is threadedly connected to the lower side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber, a metal sheet is provided inside the collection chamber cover, and a collection chamber is provided below the collection chamber cover; a separation chamber outlet is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber, an irradiation chamber inlet is fixedly connected to the right side of the separation chamber outlet, a UVC irradiation chamber is fixedly connected to the right side of the irradiation chamber inlet, and several UVC irradiation lamps are fixedly connected inside the UVC irradiation chamber; a temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection chamber, a temperature control module is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the collection chamber, and a specific gravity sensor is provided inside the lower side of the collection chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of sputum collection and treatment systems with biosafety protection functions, specifically a sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection functions. Background Technology

[0002] This sputum collection and processing system with biosafety protection is an integrated medical device specifically designed for clinical sputum collection, biosafety protection, sample quality control, and harmless treatment. Its main applications include: Routine sputum collection: suitable for collecting sputum samples from patients with pneumonia, bronchitis, etc., avoiding cross-infection caused by aerosol diffusion during collection; Detection of highly pathogenic microorganisms: for patients infected with COVID-19, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, influenza virus, etc., it uses three levels of protection to block the spread of pathogenic microorganisms and protect the safety of medical staff; Invasive procedure support: used in conjunction with bronchoscopy, it achieves negative pressure control and biosafety protection during the sampling process through a dedicated interface; Pre-transportation treatment of samples: for sputum samples that need to be transported across institutions, it performs low-temperature preservation and preliminary disinfection, extending the sample's shelf life and reducing biosafety risks during transport.

[0003] However, some existing sputum collection and treatment systems with biosafety protection functions cannot automatically trigger UVC irradiation for inactivation. This may not only increase biosafety risks and directly expose medical staff and the environment to infection threats, but also make the disinfection effect unstable, unable to guarantee the inactivation dosage and timeliness, leaving safety hazards.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection functions to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection functions to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection features includes a cyclone pre-separation chamber; a liquid level sensor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the cyclone pre-separation chamber, a micro switch is provided at the lower end of the outer side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber, a collection chamber cover is threadedly connected to the lower side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber, a metal sheet is provided inside the collection chamber cover, and a collection chamber is provided below the collection chamber cover; a separation chamber outlet is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber, an irradiation chamber inlet is fixedly connected to the right side of the separation chamber outlet, a UVC irradiation chamber is fixedly connected to the right side of the irradiation chamber inlet, and several UVC irradiation lamps are fixedly connected inside the UVC irradiation chamber.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection chamber, a temperature control module is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the collection chamber, and a specific gravity sensor is provided on the lower inner side of the collection chamber.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a collection port connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the upper side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber, and a module expansion interface is fixedly connected to the left side of the collection port connecting pipe. A connecting flange is provided on the left side of the module expansion interface, and a collection port is provided on the left side of the connecting flange.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the module expansion interface and the connecting flange has a number of fixing holes with internal threads for medical fixing bolts.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, an air outlet of the irradiation chamber is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the UVC irradiation chamber, an air inlet of the filter chamber is fixedly connected to the upper side of the air outlet of the irradiation chamber, a filter chamber is fixedly connected to the right side of the air inlet of the filter chamber, a high-precision negative pressure sensor is fixedly connected to one end of the inner wall of the filter chamber, and a plurality of filter membrane fixing frames are fixedly connected to the other end of the inner wall of the filter chamber, and filter membranes are fixedly connected inside the filter membrane fixing frames.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a negative pressure pipe is fixedly connected to the lower side of the filter chamber, a negative pressure pump is fixedly connected to the outer side of the negative pressure pipe, and an exhaust port is fixedly connected to the lower side of the negative pressure pump.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a transparent outer connecting frame is fixedly connected to the outside of the cyclone pre-separation chamber, the UVC irradiation chamber and the filter chamber, and a handle is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the transparent outer connecting frame.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a control module is fixedly connected to the left side of the transparent outer connecting frame.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention, the inner surface of the cyclone pre-separation chamber is provided with a hydrophobic coating.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, an alarm is fixedly connected to the upper side of the filter chamber.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. By employing a threaded lead and a microswitch in conjunction, UVC irradiation is automatically triggered when the collection chamber cover is tightened to 30°. This not only allows for simultaneous sealing and irradiation, preventing the escape of pathogenic microorganisms, but also ensures a double seal between the collection chamber cover, the collection chamber, and the cyclone pre-separation chamber when the collection chamber cover is tightened to 30° (no aerosol leakage under negative pressure). Simultaneously, the microswitch triggers UVC irradiation—achieving a closed-loop logic of disinfection initiation upon completion of sealing. This avoids UVC leakage caused by starting without sealing, or the escape of pathogenic microorganisms from the chamber through gaps due to failure to disinfect promptly after sealing. It meets the biosafety level 2 protection standard and also ensures zero risk of UV leakage, protecting the safety of medical personnel. The mechanical limit of the threaded lead (30° tightening) and the electrical trigger of the microswitch are strongly linked: UVC will only be activated when the collection chamber cover is fully tightened; if the collection chamber cover is not tightened, accidentally loosened, or opened midway, the metal plate will disengage from the microswitch, and UVC will immediately extinguish. Compared to manual triggering, it completely avoids the risk of UV burns caused by medical staff's misoperation, making it especially suitable for busy clinical scenarios. Medical staff only need to tighten the collection chamber cover to simultaneously achieve sealing and UVC irradiation, without the need to press the irradiation switch or set parameters separately, reducing operation steps and improving collection and processing efficiency. It is particularly suitable for multi-stage operation scenarios such as bronchoscopy sampling. In addition, the threaded lead design ensures accurate triggering when the collection chamber cover is tightened to 30°, eliminating the need for medical staff to visually judge the angle or confirm whether it is in place. The inherent positioning accuracy of the mechanical structure is far higher than that of manual judgment, avoiding irradiation failure or sealing failure due to improper operation, lowering the operation threshold for medical staff, and allowing novices to quickly get started.

[0019] 2. The hydrophobic coating on the separation chamber enhances cyclone separation efficiency and improves pretreatment. The core principle of cyclone pre-separation is to use centrifugal force to throw large particles such as sputum clots and sloughed epithelial cells (>10μm) toward the chamber wall, and then allow them to settle into the collection chamber by gravity. The hydrophobic coating on the separation chamber has a surface contact angle ≥110° (superhydrophobic properties), which can significantly reduce the adhesion between sputum (containing mucoprotein, which is highly viscous) and the chamber wall, preventing large sputum particles from adsorbing onto the chamber wall and forming residues. This ensures that all large particles separated by centrifugal force can quickly slide down the wall to the collection chamber, reducing the load on subsequent UVC irradiation and HEPA filtration.

[0020] 3. Excessive negative pressure can be precisely controlled through high-precision negative pressure sensors and alarms, preventing capillary rupture. The high-precision negative pressure sensor can monitor the system's negative pressure in real time and accurately detect abnormal decreases in negative pressure (such as pipeline blockage or abnormal power of the negative pressure pump). When the negative pressure is lower than -18kPa (critical damage threshold), the alarm is immediately triggered to issue an audible and visual alarm. Compared with the traditional passive acceptance of excessive negative pressure without a monitoring system, this design achieves early warning and active intervention, completely avoiding the clinical risks of capillary rupture and mucosal damage in the patient's respiratory tract caused by excessive negative pressure from a technical perspective. It is especially suitable for children, the elderly and other people with vulnerable respiratory tracts.

[0021] 4. The filtration efficiency can be enhanced by multiple filter membranes in multiple filtration chambers to achieve ultra-clean gas purification. The system has already achieved the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms through UVC irradiation. The multi-filter membrane design further forms multiple physical interceptions. Even if a few microorganisms are not completely eliminated by UVC (such as spore-forming microorganisms), they will be intercepted by multiple layers of filter membranes to prevent them from being discharged with the airflow, thus meeting the protection requirements of biosafety level 2 and above laboratories. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection functions.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection functions.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a filter membrane in a sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection functions.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the module expansion interface in a sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection functions.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transparent external connecting frame in a sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection functions.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a negative pressure pump in a sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection functions.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Cyclone pre-separation chamber, 2-Liquid level sensor, 3-Micro switch, 4-Collection chamber cover, 5-Metal sheet, 6-Collection chamber, 7-Separation chamber outlet, 8-Irradiation chamber inlet, 9-UVC irradiation chamber, 10-UVC irradiation lamp, 11-Temperature sensor, 12-Collection port connection pipe, 13-Module expansion interface, 14-Connecting flange, 15-Collection port, 16-Fixing hole, 17-Medical fixing bolt, 18-Irradiation chamber outlet, 19-Filter chamber inlet, 20-Filter chamber, 21-High-precision negative pressure sensor, 22-Filter membrane holder, 23-Filter membrane, 24-Negative pressure pump, 25-Negative pressure pipe, 26-Exhaust port, 27-Temperature control module, 28-Specific gravity sensor, 29-Transparent external connecting frame, 30-Handle, 31-Control module, 32-Separation chamber hydrophobic coating, 33-Alarm. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Please see Figures 1-6In this embodiment of the invention, a sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function includes a cyclone pre-separation chamber 1; a liquid level sensor 2 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the cyclone pre-separation chamber 1, a micro switch 3 is provided at the lower end of the outer side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber 1, a collection chamber cover 4 is threadedly connected to the lower side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber 1, a metal sheet 5 is provided inside the collection chamber cover 4, and a collection chamber 6 is provided at the lower side of the collection chamber cover 4; a separation chamber air outlet 7 is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber 1, and an irradiation chamber air inlet 8 is fixedly connected to the right side of the separation chamber air outlet 7, allowing air to enter the irradiation chamber. A UVC irradiation chamber 9 is fixedly connected to the right side of the port 8, and several UVC irradiation lamps 10 are fixedly connected inside the UVC irradiation chamber 9; a temperature sensor 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection chamber 6, a temperature control module 27 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the collection chamber 6, and a specific gravity sensor 28 is provided on the lower side of the inside of the collection chamber 6; a collection port connecting pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber 1, a module expansion interface 13 is fixedly connected to the left side of the collection port connecting pipe 12, a connecting flange 14 is provided on the left side of the module expansion interface 13, and a collection port 15 is provided on the left side of the connecting flange 14; The outer surface of the module expansion interface 13 and the connecting flange 14 has grooves with several fixing holes 16, and medical fixing bolts 17 are threaded into the fixing holes 16. An irradiation chamber outlet 18 is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the UVC irradiation chamber 9. An air inlet 19 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the irradiation chamber outlet 18. A filter chamber 20 is fixedly connected to the right side of the air inlet 19. A high-precision negative pressure sensor 21 is fixedly connected to one end of the inner wall of the filter chamber 20, and several filter membrane holders 22 are fixedly connected to the other end of the inner wall of the filter chamber 20. The filter membrane holders 22 are internally fixedly connected to... A filter membrane 23 is provided; a negative pressure pipe 25 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the filter chamber 20, a negative pressure pump 24 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the negative pressure pipe 25, and an exhaust port 26 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the negative pressure pump 24; a transparent outer connecting frame 29 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber 1, the UVC irradiation chamber 9, and the filter chamber 20, and handles 30 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the transparent outer connecting frame 29; a control module 31 is fixedly connected to the left side of the transparent outer connecting frame 29; a separation chamber hydrophobic coating 32 is provided on the inner surface of the cyclone pre-separation chamber 1; and an alarm 33 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the filter chamber 20.

[0030] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In use, the collection port 15, or the pediatric mask or bronchoscope interface, can first be sealed and connected to the module expansion interface 13 via the connecting flange 14 and medical fixing bolts 17. Then, the patient is instructed to hold the collection port 15 in their mouth (or wear an appropriate mask), and medical staff collect data through the control module 31. The control module 31 maintains the power of the negative pressure pump 24, and maintains the system pressure at -10 to -15 kPa through the negative pressure tube 25. Under constant negative pressure, the patient's exhaled sputum and aerosols are transported through the collection port 15 and the collection port connecting tube 12 to the cyclone pre-separation chamber 1. After entering the pre-separation chamber 1, under the centrifugal force of the spiral airflow, sputum clots and large particles larger than 10μm are thrown against the chamber wall and settle down to the bottom collection chamber 6. The airflow containing tiny particles (≤10μm) continues to flow upward and is ready to enter the next stage of processing through the separation chamber outlet 7. The liquid level sensor 2 detects the sputum level in the pre-separation chamber 1 in real time. When the liquid level reaches the preset height (indicating that the collection chamber 6 has collected a sufficient amount of sample), the control module 31 indicates that the collection is complete. Medical staff instruct the patient to stop exhaling, and then the medical staff tighten the collection chamber cover 4 clockwise. The threaded lead ensures a tight seal. The metal plate 5 rotates with the collection chamber cover 4 to the trigger position (30°) of the microswitch 3, completely sealing the collection chamber 6. Simultaneously, the gravity sensor 28 begins detecting the sputum density within the collection chamber 6, uploading the data to the control module 31 in real time. After the microswitch 3 is triggered by the metal plate 5, the control module 31 immediately activates the UVC irradiation lamp 10. 254nm ultraviolet light at a dose of 100mJ / cm² simultaneously disinfects the airflow within the UVC irradiation chamber 9, as well as the liquid sputum penetrating through the transparent collection chamber cover 4 at the top of the collection chamber 6. The pre-separated airflow is transported to the UVC irradiation chamber 9 via the separation chamber outlet 7 and the irradiation chamber inlet 8, moving at a speed of 0.5-1m / s within the UVC irradiation chamber 9. The airflow passes through at a constant speed (ensuring an irradiation time ≥ 0.3 seconds). The viruses and bacteria in the airflow have their DNA / RNA structure destroyed by ultraviolet light, achieving disinfection. The airflow after UVC disinfection is transported to the filter chamber 20 through the air outlet 18 of the irradiation chamber and the air inlet 19 of the filter chamber. The filter membrane 23 (HEPA-14 grade) has a ≥ 99.995% rejection rate for 0.3μm particles, further intercepting residual tiny particles and microorganisms that have not been completely disinfected. The filtered clean airflow is drawn out by the negative pressure pump 24 through the negative pressure pipe 25 and discharged from the equipment through the exhaust port 26. During this process, the control module 31 will calculate the proportion of saliva in the sputum based on the detection data of the specific gravity sensor 28. If the proportion of saliva is > 30%, the control module 31 will pop up an invalid sample and suggest re-collection.If the percentage is ≤30%, it is considered a valid sample. The temperature control module 27 maintains the temperature of the collection chamber 6 at 4-8℃, and the temperature sensor 11 continuously records and stores the temperature. Throughout the collection and processing, the high-precision negative pressure sensor 21 monitors the system negative pressure in real time. If the negative pressure is lower than - 18 kPa (potentially causing rupture of respiratory capillaries) will trigger the control module 31 to immediately reduce the power of the negative pressure pump 24 based on the STM32's PID control algorithm. The alarm 33 will then sound a high-frequency buzzer. After confirming the sample's validity, medical staff can use the control module 31 to drive the negative pressure pump 24 to gradually reduce the system pressure to normal. Loosen the collection chamber cover 4, remove the collection chamber 6, and transfer the sputum into a dedicated biosafety sample tube. When the collection chamber cover 4 is tightened to 30° using a threaded lead and a microswitch 3, UVC irradiation will be automatically triggered. This ensures simultaneous sealing and irradiation, preventing the escape of pathogens. When the collection chamber cover 4 is tightened to 30°, the threaded lead ensures a double seal between the collection chamber cover 4, the collection chamber 6, and the cyclone pre-separation chamber 1 (no aerosol leakage under negative pressure). Simultaneously, the microswitch 3 triggers UVC irradiation. Irradiation – This achieves a closed-loop logic of disinfection activation upon sealing completion, preventing UVC leakage due to unsealed operation or the escape of pathogenic microorganisms from the cavity through gaps due to failure to disinfect promptly after sealing. It meets the biosafety level 2 protection standard and also ensures zero risk of UV leakage, protecting the safety of medical personnel. The mechanical limit of the threaded lead (30° tightened to the full position) is strongly bound to the electrical trigger of the micro switch 3: UVC will only be activated when the collection chamber cover 4 is fully tightened.If the collection chamber cover 4 is not tightened, accidentally becomes loose, or is opened midway, the metal piece 5 will disengage from the micro switch 3, and the UVC will immediately extinguish. Compared to manual triggering of irradiation, it completely avoids the risk of UV burns caused by medical staff's misoperation, making it particularly suitable for busy clinical scenarios. Medical staff only need to complete one action—tightening the collection chamber cover 4—to simultaneously achieve sealing and UVC irradiation, without the need to press the irradiation switch or set parameters separately. This reduces operational steps and improves collection and processing efficiency, making it especially suitable for multi-stage operation scenarios such as bronchoscopy sampling. In addition, the threaded lead design ensures precise triggering when the collection chamber cover 4 is tightened to 30°, eliminating the need for medical staff to visually estimate the angle or confirm whether it is in place—the inherent positioning accuracy of the mechanical structure is far higher than that of manual judgment, avoiding irradiation failure or sealing failure due to improper operation. This lowers the operational threshold for medical staff, allowing even beginners to quickly get started. The hydrophobic coating 32 of the separation chamber enhances the efficiency of cyclone separation and improves the pretreatment effect. The core principle of cyclone pre-separation is to use centrifugal force to throw large particles such as sputum clots and exfoliated epithelial cells (>10μm) toward the cavity wall, and then allow them to settle into the collection chamber 6 by gravity. The hydrophobic coating 32 of the separation chamber has a surface contact angle ≥110° (superhydrophobic properties), which can significantly reduce the adhesion between sputum (containing mucoprotein, which is highly viscous) and the chamber wall, preventing large sputum particles from adsorbing and forming residue on the chamber wall. This ensures that all large particles separated by centrifugal force can quickly slide down the wall to the collection chamber 6, reducing the load on subsequent UVC irradiation and HEPA filtration. Excessive negative pressure can be precisely controlled by the high-precision negative pressure sensor 21 and the alarm 33, preventing capillary rupture. The high-precision negative pressure sensor 21 can monitor the system negative pressure in real time and accurately detect abnormal decreases in negative pressure (such as pipe blockage or abnormal negative pressure pump power). When the negative pressure is lower than - At 18 kPa (critical damage threshold), the alarm 33 is immediately triggered, emitting an audible and visual alarm. Compared to traditional systems that passively withstand excessive negative pressure without monitoring, this design provides early warning and proactive intervention. Technically, it completely avoids clinical risks such as rupture of respiratory capillaries and mucosal damage caused by excessive negative pressure, making it particularly suitable for children, the elderly, and other respiratoryly vulnerable populations. Multiple filter membranes 23 within multiple filter chambers 20 enhance filtration efficiency, achieving ultra-clean gas purification. The system has already achieved pathogenic microorganism elimination through UVC irradiation. The multi-membrane design further forms multiple layers of physical interception—even if a few microorganisms are not completely eliminated by UVC (such as spore-forming microorganisms), they will be intercepted layer by layer by the multi-stage filter membranes 23, preventing them from being discharged with the airflow, meeting the protection requirements of biosafety level 2 and above laboratories.

[0031] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0032] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function, comprising a cyclone pre-separation chamber (1) and a collection chamber (6), characterized in that, A liquid level sensor (2) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the cyclone pre-separation chamber (1). A micro switch (3) is provided at the lower end of the outer side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber (1). A collection chamber cover (4) is threadedly connected to the lower side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber (1). A metal sheet (5) is provided inside the collection chamber cover (4). A collection chamber (6) is provided on the lower side of the collection chamber cover (4). A separation chamber outlet (7) is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber (1). An irradiation chamber inlet (8) is fixedly connected to the right side of the separation chamber outlet (7). A UVC irradiation chamber (9) is fixedly connected to the right side of the irradiation chamber inlet (8). Several UVC irradiation lamps (10) are fixedly connected inside the UVC irradiation chamber (9).

2. The sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature sensor (11) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection chamber (6), a temperature control module (27) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the collection chamber (6), and a specific gravity sensor (28) is provided on the lower inner side of the collection chamber (6).

3. The sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper side of the cyclone pre-separation chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a collection port connecting pipe (12), and the left side of the collection port connecting pipe (12) is fixedly connected to a module expansion interface (13). The left side of the module expansion interface (13) is provided with a connecting flange (14), and the left side of the connecting flange (14) is provided with a collection port (15).

4. A sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer surface of the module expansion interface (13) and the connecting flange (14) has a number of fixing holes (16), and the internal threads of the fixing holes (16) are connected to medical fixing bolts (17).

5. A sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower right end of the UVC irradiation chamber (9) is fixedly connected to the irradiation chamber outlet (18), the upper side of the irradiation chamber outlet (18) is fixedly connected to the filter chamber inlet (19), the right side of the filter chamber inlet (19) is fixedly connected to the filter chamber (20), one end of the inner wall of the filter chamber (20) is fixedly connected to a high-precision negative pressure sensor (21), and the other end of the inner wall of the filter chamber (20) is fixedly connected to several filter membrane holders (22), and the filter membrane holders (22) are fixedly connected to the filter membrane (23).

6. A sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function according to claim 5, characterized in that, A negative pressure pipe (25) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the filter chamber (20), a negative pressure pump (24) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the negative pressure pipe (25), and an exhaust port (26) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the negative pressure pump (24).

7. A sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A transparent outer connecting frame (29) is fixedly connected to the outside of the cyclone pre-separation chamber (1), UVC irradiation chamber (9) and filter chamber (20), and a handle (30) is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the transparent outer connecting frame (29).

8. A sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control module (31) is fixedly connected to the left side of the transparent outer connecting frame (29).

9. A sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the cyclone pre-separation chamber (1) is provided with a separation chamber hydrophobic coating (32).

10. A sputum collection and treatment system with biosafety protection function according to claim 5, characterized in that, An alarm (33) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the filter chamber (20).

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