A fastening tool

Abstract

This application discloses a fastening tool, relating to the field of nut installation technology. The fastening tool includes a disassembly and assembly assembly; the disassembly and assembly assembly includes: a connecting rod; a first support rod disposed at one end of the connecting rod; a second support rod disposed at the other end of the connecting rod, and the second support rod having a perforated hole; the perforated hole being adapted to a first part; and a rotating shaft disposed on the first support rod, with the axis of the rotating shaft coinciding with the axis of the perforated hole. This application utilizes the connecting rod to insert the perforated hole into a confined space to engage with the part to be fastened. An operator can apply rotational force to the rotating shaft from the outside, and the coaxial design accurately and stably transmits external torque to the part to be fastened within the confined space. No personnel need to enter, and no general-purpose tools are required to complete the full rotation, effectively solving the problem of tightening rotating parts in confined spaces such as the blind cavity of a gas turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nut installation technology, specifically a fastening tool. Background Technology

[0002] The rotor components of gas turbines and aero engines generally adopt a segmented structure. For example... Figure 1 As shown, taking a gas turbine rotor with seventeen blades as an example, its entire structure is assembled and connected from various stages of drum-shaped components. Figure 1 As shown, multi-stage drum disc ( Figure 1 The Chinese Communist Party has three levels of drum discs, which are connected to the drum shaft via an inner flange and fasteners (i.e., self-locking bolts and self-locking nuts). Due to the combined effects of the thickness of the first to third level drum discs, the inner diameter of the float plate, and the slope of the drum shaft journal, this connection position forms a blind cavity with extremely poor visibility.

[0003] As a high-precision core component, the connection between the rotor drums must be firm, reliable, and free of looseness. If the stability of the connection between the drums deteriorates during gas turbine operation, it will directly lead to serious malfunctions such as excessive vibration of the gas turbine. Therefore, the force-limiting tightening and reliable locking of the fasteners in this location are crucial to ensuring assembly quality. However, the narrow operating space of the blind cavity renders general-purpose tools such as sockets, force-limiting wrenches, and clamping pliers completely ineffective, and conventional assembly tools cannot be used. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a fastening tool to solve the technical problem of nuts being difficult to tighten in confined spaces.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A fastening tool is used to fasten a first part in a confined space; the first part is any part that needs to be fastened by rotation in a confined space; the fastening tool includes a disassembly and assembly assembly; the disassembly and assembly assembly includes: Connecting rod; The first support rod is disposed at one end of the connecting rod; The second support rod is located at the other end of the connecting rod, and the second support rod is provided with a quincunx hole; the quincunx hole is adapted to the first part; A rotating shaft is provided on the first support rod, and the center line of the rotating shaft coincides with that of the plum blossom hole.

[0007] As a specific technical solution in this application, the rotating shaft is provided with a rotational force-bearing structure; the rotational force-bearing structure includes a square hole disposed on the rotating shaft, the center line of the square hole coincides with the center line of the rotating shaft; or, the rotational force-bearing structure includes a polygonal prism disposed on the rotating shaft, the center line of the polygonal prism coincides with the center line of the rotating shaft.

[0008] As a specific technical solution in this application, the second support rod is further provided with a rotating ring, and the plum blossom hole is provided on the rotating ring, and the plum blossom hole coincides with the axis of the rotating ring; a limiting structure is provided between the second support rod and the rotating ring, the limiting structure is used to restrict the relative rotation between the second support rod and the rotating ring around the first axis and along the first rotation direction, but does not restrict the relative rotation between the second support rod and the rotating ring around the first axis and along the second rotation direction; the first axis is the axis of the plum blossom hole; the first rotation direction is the same as the rotation direction when the first part is tightened, and the first rotation direction and the second rotation direction are opposite rotation directions.

[0009] As a specific technical solution in this application, the limiting structure includes: A sliding column forms a sliding connection with the second support rod along a first direction, which is parallel to the radial direction of the rotating ring; An elastic element is disposed between the second support rod and the sliding column to generate a counterforce parallel to the first direction between the second support rod and the sliding column; Multiple first ratchet teeth are disposed on the sliding post; Multiple second ratchet teeth are disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating ring; each second ratchet tooth forms a unidirectional engagement with each first ratchet tooth.

[0010] As a specific technical solution in this application, it also includes a support component, which includes a support column, one end of which is provided with a first bearing, the first bearing being adapted to the rotating shaft.

[0011] As a specific technical solution in this application, it also includes a support base, which is disposed at the other end of the support column.

[0012] As a specific technical solution in this application, the first part is any self-locking nut located in the blind cavity of the gas turbine; the gas turbine includes a drum shaft; the support includes a connecting pipe, the inner diameter of which is adapted to the outer diameter of the drum shaft; the connecting pipe is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes, each of which corresponds one-to-one with the first threaded hole of the drum shaft itself.

[0013] As a specific technical solution in this application, the support column includes a sheet-like column and a first connecting ring; the inner diameter of the first connecting ring is adapted to the outer diameter of the connecting pipe.

[0014] As a specific technical solution in this application, a second connecting ring is also provided on the outside of the connecting tube; the second connecting ring is provided with a first positioning hole corresponding to each self-locking nut in the blind cavity; the plate-shaped column is provided with at least one second positioning hole; each first positioning hole and each second positioning hole are used to cooperate with the positioning pin to realize the circumferential relative position adjustment of the plate-shaped column and the second connecting ring.

[0015] As a specific technical solution in this application, the plate-shaped post is provided with at least one second threaded hole, and the second connecting ring is provided with multiple second connecting holes; each second threaded hole and each second connecting hole is used to cooperate with fastening parts to lock the circumferential relative positions of the plate-shaped post and the second connecting ring.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: This application uses a connecting rod with a first support rod and a second support rod at both ends. A quincunx hole is made on the second support rod to fit the part to be fastened (i.e., the first part). At the same time, a rotating shaft is set on the first support rod that coincides with the axis of the quincunx hole. With the help of the connecting rod, the quincunx hole is inserted into the narrow space and fitted with the part to be fastened. The operator can apply a rotational force to the rotating shaft from the outside. The coaxial design accurately and stably transmits the external torque to the part to be fastened in the narrow space. No personnel need to enter, and no general tools need to be inserted to complete the full rotation. This effectively solves the problem of tightening rotating parts in narrow spaces such as the blind cavity of a gas turbine. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas turbine rotor as described in the background art; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fastening tool and a gas turbine rotor according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of a fastening tool proposed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a disassembly and assembly component proposed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a second support rod proposed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 for Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a support column proposed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the central support column from another direction; Figure 9 This is a schematic planar projection of a support base proposed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a support component proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Drum shaft; 2. Drum disc; 3. Blind cavity; 4. Fastener; 5. Assembly / disassembly assembly; 51. Connecting rod; 52. First support rod; 53. Second support rod; 531. Plexicon hole; 532. Sealing cap; 533. Rotating ring; 534. Elastic element; 535. Sliding column; 536. First ratchet; 537. Second ratchet; 54. Rotating shaft; 541. Square hole; 6. Support assembly; 61. Support column; 611. Plate column; 612. First bearing; 613. First connecting ring; 614. Second positioning hole; 615. Second threaded hole; 616. Reinforcing rib; 62. Support base; 621. Connecting pipe; 622. Second connecting ring; 623. First connecting hole; 624. First positioning hole; 625. Second connecting hole; 71. Positioning pin; 72. Fixing bolt; 73. Plexicon handle bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0021] Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various components shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale; for example, the thickness or width of some layers may be exaggerated relative to other layers.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined or described in one figure, it will not need to be discussed or described in detail in the description of the subsequent figures.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this application, "confined space" refers to a closed or semi-closed area where the operating space is extremely narrow and visibility is extremely poor due to the structural limitations of surrounding components, making it impossible for personnel to directly enter and operate, and where common tools such as sockets, torque wrenches, and clamps cannot be inserted or complete a full rotational tightening action. For example, in the background art of this application, the blind cavity formed at the connection position between the gas turbine drum shaft and the multi-stage drum disc is a typical example of such a confined space.

[0024] It should be noted that in this application, the fastening tool proposed herein is illustrated only by taking the tightening of various self-locking nuts in the blind cavity of a gas turbine as an example. This does not mean that the fastening tool of this application can only be applied to the tightening of self-locking nuts in the blind cavity of a gas turbine. Based on the technical concept of this application, those skilled in the art can adapt it for tightening operations of bolts, nuts, and all other parts requiring rotational tightening in various defined confined spaces. All equivalent substitutions and reasonable modifications should fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0025] To address the technical problem of difficulty in tightening nuts in confined spaces as mentioned in the background art, this application proposes an embodiment of a fastening tool. This fastening tool is applied to fastening a first part in a confined space. The first part can be any part that requires rotation to tighten in a confined space. Figure 3 As shown, the fastening tool includes disassembly and assembly component 5. (As indicated...) Figure 4 As shown, the assembly / disassembly component 5 includes a connecting rod 51, a first support rod 52, a second support rod 53, and a rotating shaft 54. Specifically, the first support rod 52 is located at one end of the connecting rod 51, and the second support rod 53 is located at the other end of the connecting rod 51. The second support rod 53 has a perforated hole 531 that mates with the first part. The rotating shaft 54 ​​is located on the first support rod 52, and the axis of the rotating shaft 54 ​​coincides with the axis of the perforated hole 531.

[0026] In this embodiment, a "spider hole" refers to an inner hole structure with an inner contour that is a regular polygon or multi-tooth shape, capable of forming a circumferential engagement with the outer contour of the part to be fastened (i.e., the first part) to transmit rotational torque. Common forms include hexagonal spider holes adapted to external hexagonal nuts and dodecagonal spider holes adapted to external dodecagonal nuts. That is to say, in this embodiment, there are no restrictions on the shape and structure of the spider hole 531, as long as the contour of the spider hole 531 matches the outer circumferential contour of the first part.

[0027] In this embodiment, the term "first part" is a general term for parts that require rotation to be fastened in a confined space. That is, in this embodiment, all parts that achieve locking with corresponding mating parts by rotating around their own axis fall under the category of "first part". For example, the first part can be a nut or a bolt. Specifically, in the typical application scenario of this application, the first part can be a self-locking nut in the gas turbine blind cavity 3. This self-locking nut cooperates with the locking bolt (that is, the self-locking nut and the locking bolt together constitute the fastener 4) to achieve a rigid fixed connection between the drum shaft 1 and the drum disc 2.

[0028] In this embodiment, the matching of the plum blossom hole 531 with the first part means that the inner hole contour shape and size parameters of the plum blossom hole 531 are completely matched with the outer contour of the first part. The plum blossom hole 531 can be completely fitted into the outer periphery of the first part, and there is no relative circumferential sliding between the two. It can stably transmit the rotational torque of the disassembly and assembly component 5 to the first part, drive the first part to rotate synchronously around its own axis, and thus complete the tightening or loosening operation of the first part.

[0029] When using it, if you need to tighten it in a narrow space (for example, such as...) Figure 2 The first component in the blind cavity 3 shown (e.g., such as Figure 2 The self-locking nut in fastener 4 is shown. The second support rod 53 is extended into the confined space via the connecting rod 51, ensuring that the plum blossom hole 531 on the second support rod 53 is precisely aligned and fully engaged with the first part. A rotational force is then applied to the rotating shaft 54 ​​on the first support rod 52, causing the rotating shaft 54 ​​to drive the first support rod 52, connecting rod 51, and second support rod 53 to rotate synchronously around the axis of the rotating shaft 54. Since the axis of the rotating shaft 54 ​​coincides with the axis of the plum blossom hole 531, if the second support rod 53 rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft 54, the plum blossom hole 531 will drive the first part to rotate synchronously around its own axis, thus completing the tightening operation of the first part within the confined space.

[0030] In this embodiment, there are no restrictions on the shape and structure of the connecting rod 51, the first support rod 52, and the second support rod 53, as long as these rods can perform their corresponding connecting functions. For example, these rods can be round or square.

[0031] As mentioned above, during the tightening of the first component, an external force (i.e., the rotational force mentioned above) is needed to drive the rotating shaft 54 ​​to rotate around its own axis. To facilitate applying a rotational force to the rotating shaft 54, in one embodiment of this application, the rotating shaft 54 ​​is provided with a rotational force-bearing structure. The main purpose of providing this rotational force-bearing structure is to adapt to general-purpose tools, enabling operators to conveniently and stably apply a coaxial rotational force to the rotating shaft 54. This convenience is particularly evident when used in conjunction with the support component 6 described below. In other words, in this embodiment, the rotational force-bearing structure can be any structure that facilitates the rotation of the rotating shaft 54 ​​using general-purpose tools. For example, the rotational force-bearing structure may include a polygonal prism disposed on the rotating shaft 54, with the axis of the polygonal prism coinciding with the axis of the rotating shaft 54. Or, as... Figure 4 As shown, the rotational force-bearing structure may include a square hole 541 disposed on the rotation shaft 54, the center line of the square hole 541 and the center line of the rotation shaft 54 ​​coincide.

[0032] In this embodiment, if the rotating force-bearing structure is a polygonal prism, a pipe wrench, adjustable wrench, or open-end wrench can be used to clamp the outer circumferential surface of the polygonal prism and apply rotational torque to drive the rotating shaft 54 ​​to rotate. If the rotating force-bearing structure is a square hole 541, a standard four-corner wrench or torque wrench with a square connector can be inserted into the square hole 541, and the rotating shaft 54 ​​can be rotated coaxially by rotating the wrench.

[0033] It is important to note that when using bolts and nuts to fasten objects, it is generally necessary to rotate the bolt or nut several or even dozens of times to achieve the desired tightening. That is, to reliably tighten the first part, a continuous and sufficient number of rotational torques must be applied. In the field of gas turbines, due to interference from other components, the disassembly / assembly assembly 5 cannot rotate a full circle; it can only oscillate back and forth within a limited angle. Using the disassembly / assembly assembly 5, only small-angle rotations of the self-locking nut can be achieved (e.g., only about 30° at a time). If the self-locking nut is tightened solely by the overall rotation of the disassembly / assembly assembly 5, it is necessary to frequently disengage the swivel hole 531 from the self-locking nut, reverse the disassembly / assembly assembly 5 to the initial oscillation position, and then re-engage the swivel hole 531 with the self-locking nut. This process of intermittent small-angle rotations gradually completes the tightening of the self-locking nut. The operation steps are complex and cumbersome, the assembly efficiency is low, and in the blind cavity 3, due to the extremely poor visibility and limited operating space, it is difficult to frequently and accurately align the plum blossom hole 531 with the self-locking nut. It is very easy for misalignment, slippage or even damage to the outer contour of the self-locking nut or the mating thread to occur, affecting the assembly quality and operational safety.

[0034] To enable multiple small-angle intermittent rotations of the self-locking nut (i.e., the first part) without frequently disengaging the plum blossom hole 531 from the self-locking nut in applications where the overall rotation of assembly 5 is restricted, in one embodiment of this application, the second support rod 53 is further provided with a rotating ring 533. The plum blossom hole 531 is located on the rotating ring 533, and the axis of the plum blossom hole 531 coincides with that of the rotating ring 533. A limiting structure is provided between the second support rod 53 and the rotating ring 533. The limiting structure is used to restrict the relative rotation between the second support rod 53 and the rotating ring 533 around the first axis and along the first rotation direction, but does not restrict the relative rotation between the second support rod 53 and the rotating ring 533 around the first axis and along the second rotation direction. The first axis is the axis of the plum blossom hole 531. The first rotation direction is the same as the rotation direction when the first part is tightened, and the first rotation direction and the second rotation direction are opposite rotation directions.

[0035] In this embodiment, the limiting structure restricts the relative rotation between the second support rod 53 and the rotating ring 533 around the first axis and along the first rotation direction. This means that after the plum blossom hole 531 on the rotating ring 533 is fitted with the self-locking nut, with the axis of the plum blossom hole 531 (i.e., the first axis) as the center of rotation, when the second support rod 53 rotates along the first rotation direction, the rotating ring 533 can rotate synchronously with the second support rod 53 at the same angle, and there will be no relative rotation between them. Similarly, the limiting structure does not restrict the relative rotation between the second support rod 53 and the rotating ring 533 around the first axis and along the second rotation direction. This means that after the plum blossom hole 531 on the rotating ring 533 is fitted with the self-locking nut, with the axis of the plum blossom hole 531 (i.e., the first axis) as the center of rotation, when the second support rod 53 rotates along the second rotation direction, the rotating ring 533 will not rotate synchronously with the second support rod 53 at the same angle, and there will be relative rotation between them around the first axis.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first rotation direction being the same as the rotation direction when the first part is tightened means that if the first part can be tightened by rotating clockwise, then the first rotation direction is clockwise; if the first part can be tightened by rotating counterclockwise, then the first rotation direction is counterclockwise.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first rotation direction and the second rotation direction being opposite means that if the first rotation direction is clockwise, then the second rotation direction is counterclockwise; if the first rotation direction is counterclockwise, then the second rotation direction is clockwise.

[0038] In use, if it is necessary to tighten the first part with the help of the disassembly and assembly component 5, first insert the second support rod 53 into the narrow space so that the plum blossom hole 531 of the rotating ring 533 fits with the first part; swing the disassembly and assembly component 5 in the first rotation direction, the limiting structure restricts the relative rotation of the second support rod 53 and the rotating ring 533, and the rotating ring 533 drives the first part to tighten synchronously; when swinging the disassembly and assembly component 5 back in the second rotation direction, the second support rod 53 and the rotating ring 533 can rotate freely relative to each other, and the plum blossom hole 531 remains fitted with the first part without disengaging; repeating the swinging operation can continuously complete the tightening of the first part without repeated alignment and fitting, improving the tightening efficiency and stability in narrow spaces.

[0039] In one specific embodiment of this application, the limiting structure includes an elastic element 534, a sliding post 535, a plurality of first ratchet teeth 536, and a plurality of second ratchet teeth 537. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the sliding column 535 and the second support rod 53 form a line along the first direction (i.e., as shown in the figure). Figure 5 The sliding connection shown in direction B) has a first direction parallel to the radial direction of the rotating ring 533. An elastic element 534 is disposed between the second support rod 53 and the sliding post 535 to generate a counterforce parallel to the first direction between the second support rod 53 and the sliding post 535. Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of first ratchet teeth 536 are disposed on the sliding post 535. A plurality of second ratchet teeth 537 are disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating ring 533, and each second ratchet tooth 537 forms a unidirectional engagement with each first ratchet tooth 536.

[0040] In such Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, rotating the first part clockwise tightens it. When tightening the first part using the disassembly assembly 5, if the second support rod 53 is rotated clockwise by the rotating shaft 54, under the radial resistance generated by the elastic element 534, each of the first ratchet teeth 536 on the sliding column 535 is fully engaged with each of the second ratchet teeth 537 on the outer periphery of the rotating ring 533. There is no relative rotation between the second support rod 53 and the rotating ring 533. The rotating ring 533 rotates clockwise synchronously with the second support rod 53. If the rotating ring 533 rotates clockwise, the first part that engages with the quincunx hole 531 on the rotating ring 533 can also rotate clockwise synchronously, thereby completing a single small-angle tightening action. If the second support rod 53 is rotated counterclockwise by the rotating shaft 54, the inclined surface of the second ratchet 537 will press the first ratchet 536, pushing the sliding column 535 to compress the elastic element 534 radially along the rotating ring 533 and slide away from the rotating ring 533. The first ratchet 536 will disengage from the second ratchet 537, and the second support rod 53 can rotate freely relative to the rotating ring 533 around the axis of the plum blossom hole 531. The rotating ring 533 and the plum blossom hole 531 remain stationary in the fitting state with the first part, realizing the idle swing of the disassembly and assembly assembly 5.

[0041] In this embodiment, the shape and structure of the elastic element 534 are not limited, as long as the elastic element 534 can generate a counterforce parallel to the first direction between the second support rod 53 and the sliding column 535. For example, the elastic element 534 can be an elastic metal sheet; or, the elastic element 534 can be a spring, etc.

[0042] During long-term use, the elastic element 534 is prone to fatigue failure, and the sliding post 535, the first ratchet 536, and the second ratchet 537 will wear, leading to a decrease or even failure of the one-way engagement function of the limiting structure. To facilitate the inspection and replacement of these vulnerable parts, in one embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, an inspection port can be provided at the installation position of the second support rod 53 corresponding to the sliding column 535. For example... Figure 4 As shown, a removable sealing cover 532 is provided at the inspection port. After removing the sealing cover 532, the sliding column 535 and the elastic element 534 can be directly removed without disassembling the entire assembly 5, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the sliding column 535 and the elastic element 534.

[0043] This embodiment, through the design of a rotating ring and a limiting structure, eliminates the need for frequent disassembly and re-alignment of the Phillips-hole with the first part in scenarios where the overall rotation angle of the assembly is limited. Instead, it allows for continuous multi-turn, small-angle tightening of the first part simply by reciprocating the assembly assembly. This solves the problem of difficulty in repeatedly aligning the Phillips-hole with the first part due to poor visibility in confined spaces such as blind cavities. It also avoids the risks of slippage, damage to the outer contour of the part, and threads that can easily occur with frequent engagement of the Phillips-hole and the first part. This simplifies the operation and improves assembly efficiency in confined spaces.

[0044] As mentioned above, during the tightening of the first part using the disassembly and assembly component 5, the disassembly and assembly component 5 needs to be rotated so that the entire disassembly and assembly component 5 can rotate around the axis of rotation 54 (hereinafter referred to as the first axis). To ensure that the entire disassembly and assembly component 5 can rotate stably around the first axis, in one embodiment of this application, the fastening tool may further include a support component 6, which provides stable support for the rotation axis 54. In other words, in this embodiment, the purpose of providing the support component 6 is to provide stable support for the rotation axis 54, so that the entire disassembly and assembly component 5 can rotate stably around the first axis. In other words, in this embodiment, the shape and structure of the support component 6 are not limited, as long as the support component 6 can provide stable support for the rotation axis 54. For example, the support component 6 can be rod-shaped, a base, or a frame structure, etc.

[0045] In one specific embodiment of this application, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the support assembly 6 may include a support column 61, one end of which is provided with a first bearing 612, which is adapted to the rotating shaft 54.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first bearing 612 and the rotating shaft 54 ​​are compatible, meaning that the inner diameter of the inner ring of the first bearing 612 matches the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 54. The rotating shaft 54 ​​can be inserted into the inner ring of the first bearing 612 and rotate coaxially. The first bearing 612 can stably support the rotating shaft 54 ​​and reduce its rotational friction. Connecting two parts (i.e., the support column 61 and the rotating shaft 54) through a bearing is a mature technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0047] In the application scenario of fastening the self-locking nut (i.e., the first part) in the blind cavity 3 of the gas turbine, in order to further improve the support stability of the support assembly 6 on the rotating shaft 54, in one embodiment of this application, the support assembly 6 further includes a support seat 62, which is disposed at the other end of the support column 61. The purpose of providing the support seat 62 is to connect the support assembly 6 to the drum shaft 1 of the gas turbine through the support seat 62, thereby making the support of the support assembly 6 on the rotating shaft 54 ​​more stable.

[0048] In one specific embodiment of this application, the support base 62 includes a connecting pipe 621, the inner diameter of which is adapted to the outer diameter of the drum shaft 1. The connecting pipe 621 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 623, each of which corresponds one-to-one with a first threaded hole on the drum shaft 1 itself. The support column 61 is connected to the connecting pipe 621.

[0049] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the connecting tube 621 being compatible with the outer diameter of the drum shaft 1 means that the inner diameter of the connecting tube 621 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the journal of the drum shaft 1 (for example, 5mm or 10mm larger), so that the connecting tube 621 can be smoothly fitted into the corresponding installation part of the drum shaft 1. After fitting, the coaxiality of the connecting tube 621 and the drum shaft 1 meets the assembly requirements and will not produce obvious radial wobble, thereby ensuring the stability of the support base 62 during installation.

[0050] In use, if support assembly 6 is required to support the rotating shaft 54, then as follows: Figure 2 As shown, first, insert the connecting tube 621 into the corresponding journal of the drum shaft 1, aligning the first connecting hole 623 on the connecting tube 621 with the first threaded hole on the drum shaft 1. Then, screw in the bolts to rigidly fix the support base 62 to the drum shaft 1. Next, insert the rotating shaft 54 ​​of the disassembly and assembly assembly 5 into the inner ring of the first bearing 612 at the end of the support column 61. This completes the coaxial and stable support of the rotating shaft 54 ​​by the support assembly 6, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the disassembly and assembly assembly 5 during rotation.

[0051] In this embodiment, the support column 61 and the connecting pipe 621 can be welded together. It should be noted that the self-locking nuts in the blind cavity 3 are evenly distributed around the axis of the drum shaft 1. If the support column 61 and the connecting pipe 621 are welded together, the relative position between the support seat 62 and the drum shaft 1 needs to be adjusted after tightening each self-locking nut. This means first loosening and removing all connecting bolts between the connecting pipe 621 and the drum shaft 1, rotating the support seat 62 around the axis of the drum shaft 1 to the circumferential position corresponding to the next self-locking nut, realigning the first connecting hole 623 with the first threaded hole of the drum shaft 1, and then tightening all connecting bolts one by one to re-fix the support seat 62. This process is cumbersome, requiring repeated disassembly and reassembly of multiple sets of bolts for each circumferential position adjustment, significantly increasing the continuous tightening time of multiple nuts and reducing overall assembly efficiency. Furthermore, frequent disassembly and reassembly of connecting bolts will cause irreversible wear on the first threaded hole on the drum shaft 1. Based on this, in one embodiment of this application, the support column 61 includes a sheet-like column 611 and a first connecting ring 613. The inner diameter of the first connecting ring 613 is adapted to the outer diameter of the connecting pipe 621.

[0052] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the first connecting ring 613 being compatible with the outer diameter of the connecting tube 621 means that the inner diameter of the first connecting ring 613 is slightly larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the connecting tube 621 (for example, 5 mm or 10 mm larger), so that the first connecting ring 613 can be smoothly fitted onto the outside of the connecting tube 621 without significant radial wobble between them.

[0053] In use, after tightening one self-locking nut and before tightening the next self-locking nut, simply rotate the plate column 611 together with the first connecting ring 613 around the axis of the connecting tube 621 to adjust it to the circumferential position corresponding to the next self-locking nut. The relative position of the plate column 611 and the connecting tube 621 can be kept fixed by hand. There is no need to disassemble the connecting bolts between the support base 62 and the drum shaft 1 to quickly switch to the tightening position of the next self-locking nut.

[0054] As mentioned above, due to the limited field of vision in the blind cavity 3, it is quite difficult to align and connect the plum blossom hole 531 and the self-locking nut manually. To reduce this operational difficulty, in one embodiment of this application, a second connecting ring 622 is also provided on the outside of the connecting tube 621. The second connecting ring 622 is provided with a first positioning hole 624 corresponding to each self-locking nut in the blind cavity 3. The plate-shaped column 611 is provided with at least one second positioning hole 614. Each first positioning hole 624 and each second positioning hole 614 are used to cooperate with the positioning pin 71 to adjust the circumferential relative position of the plate-shaped column 611 and the second connecting ring 622.

[0055] In use, if it is necessary to align the plum blossom hole 531 with a certain self-locking nut (hereinafter referred to as the target self-locking nut) in the blind cavity 3, first rotate the plate column 611 to drive the first connecting ring 613 to rotate around the axis of the connecting tube 621, so that the second positioning hole 614 on the plate column 611 is coaxially aligned with the first positioning hole 624 on the second connecting ring 622 corresponding to the target self-locking nut; then insert the positioning pin 71 into the aligned first positioning hole 624 and second positioning hole 614 to achieve the positioning of the plate column 611 and the second connecting ring 622 in a circumferential relative position. At this time, the plum blossom hole 531 of the disassembly and assembly component 5 will automatically be coaxially aligned with the target self-locking nut.

[0056] As mentioned above, the relative positions of the plate-shaped post 611 and the connecting tube 621 can be fixed by hand. However, the hand-held method lacks stability, and the plate-shaped post 611 is prone to circumferential displacement during tightening, causing misalignment between the quincunx hole 531 and the first part. This not only reduces torque transmission accuracy but also poses a risk of slippage and damage to the first part. Furthermore, hand-held operation occupies the operator's hands, making it impossible to simultaneously perform rotational force application and other actions, resulting in low work efficiency. Therefore, in one embodiment of this application, the plate-shaped post 611 is provided with at least one second threaded hole 615, and the second connecting ring 622 is provided with multiple second connecting holes 625. Each second threaded hole 615 and each second connecting hole 625 is used to cooperate with fastening parts to lock the circumferential relative positions of the plate-shaped post 611 and the second connecting ring 622.

[0057] In use, if it is necessary to lock the plate-shaped post 611 and the second connecting ring 622 (that is, to lock the support post 61 and the support base 62), the fastening parts (e.g., the fixing bolt 72 or the Phillips head bolt 73 mentioned below) are passed through the second connecting hole 625, screwed into the second threaded hole 615 and tightened, so that the plate-shaped post 611 and the second connecting ring 622 fit tightly together.

[0058] In this embodiment, the fastening part can be any part capable of engaging with the second threaded hole 615 and the second connecting hole 625 to achieve circumferential locking of the plate-shaped post 611 and the second connecting ring 622. For example, the fastening part can be such as... Figure 10 The fixing bolt 72 or the Torx handle bolt 73 shown.

[0059] In this embodiment, the shape of the second connecting hole 625 is not limited. For example, the second connecting hole 625 can be a circular hole; or it can be as follows: Figure 9 The image shows an arc-shaped hole.

[0060] It is important to note that the purpose of setting the plate-shaped post 611 is to facilitate the setting of the second positioning hole 614 and the second threaded hole 615 within the plate-shaped post 611. The planar structure of the plate-shaped post 611 provides a stable reference surface for hole machining, reducing the difficulty of drilling and tapping the second positioning hole 614 and the second threaded hole 615. Compared to cylindrical or square posts, such as... Figure 7 He Ru Figure 8 The sheet-like column 611 shown has poor strength. When subjected to the torsional torque and radial load transmitted by the assembly / disassembly component 5, stress concentration may occur at the welding or connection points with the first connecting ring 613, and in the opening areas of the second positioning hole 614 and the second threaded hole 615. After long-term repeated stress, bending deformation, hole diameter expansion, or even structural fracture may occur, leading to a decrease in the coaxiality of the support column 61 on the rotating shaft 54, affecting the fitting accuracy of the plum blossom hole 531 with the first part and the stability of torque transmission. Based on this, in one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, multiple reinforcing ribs 616 can be provided on the sheet-like column 611, and the multiple reinforcing ribs 616 are symmetrically distributed along the length direction of the sheet-like column 611. One end of each reinforcing rib 616 is fixedly connected to the end face of the first connecting ring 613. In this embodiment, the reinforcing ribs 616, the sheet-like column 611, and the first connecting ring 613 can be manufactured by an integral molding process, or they can be fixedly connected by welding.

[0061] The embodiment of the fastening tool proposed in this application has a first support rod and a second support rod respectively set at both ends of the connecting rod. The second support rod has a quincunx hole adapted to the part to be fastened (i.e., the first part). At the same time, a rotating shaft is set on the first support rod that coincides with the axis of the quincunx hole. With the help of the connecting rod, the quincunx hole is inserted into the narrow space and fitted with the part to be fastened. The operator can apply a rotational force to the rotating shaft from the outside. The coaxial design accurately and stably transmits the external torque to the part to be fastened in the narrow space. No personnel need to enter, and no general tools need to be inserted to complete the full rotation. This effectively solves the problem of tightening rotating parts in narrow spaces such as the blind cavity of a gas turbine.

[0062] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fastening tool, used for fastening a first part in a confined space; the first part is any part that needs to be fastened by rotation in a confined space; characterized in that, The fastening tool includes a disassembly assembly (5); the disassembly assembly (5) includes: Connecting rod (51); The first support rod (52) is disposed at one end of the connecting rod (51); The second support rod (53) is located at the other end of the connecting rod (51), and the second support rod (53) is provided with a plum blossom hole (531); the plum blossom hole (531) is adapted to the first part; A rotating shaft (54) is disposed on the first support rod (52), and the axis of the rotating shaft (54) coincides with the axis of the plum blossom hole (531).

2. The fastening tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (54) is provided with a rotational force-bearing structure; the rotational force-bearing structure includes a square hole (541) provided in the rotating shaft (54), the center line of the square hole (541) coincides with the center line of the rotating shaft (54); or, the rotational force-bearing structure includes a polygonal prism provided in the rotating shaft (54), the center line of the polygonal prism coincides with the center line of the rotating shaft (54).

3. The fastening tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second support rod (53) is also provided with a rotating ring (533), and the plum blossom hole (531) is provided on the rotating ring (533), and the plum blossom hole (531) coincides with the axis of the rotating ring (533); a limiting structure is provided between the second support rod (53) and the rotating ring (533), the limiting structure is used to restrict the relative rotation between the second support rod (53) and the rotating ring (533) around the first axis and along the first rotation direction, but does not restrict the relative rotation between the second support rod (53) and the rotating ring (533) around the first axis and along the second rotation direction; the first axis is the axis of the plum blossom hole (531); the first rotation direction is the same as the rotation direction when the first part is tightened, and the first rotation direction and the second rotation direction are opposite rotation directions.

4. The fastening tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting structure includes: The sliding column (535) forms a sliding connection with the second support rod (53) along a first direction, which is parallel to the radial direction of the rotating ring (533); An elastic element (534) is disposed between the second support rod (53) and the sliding column (535) to generate a counterforce parallel to the first direction between the second support rod (53) and the sliding column (535); Multiple first ratchet teeth (536) are disposed on the sliding post (535); Multiple second ratchet teeth (537) are disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating ring (533); each second ratchet tooth (537) and each first ratchet tooth (536) form a unidirectional engagement.

5. The fastening tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a support assembly (6), which includes a support column (61), one end of which is provided with a first bearing (612), which is adapted to the rotating shaft (54).

6. The fastening tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a support base (62), which is located at the other end of the support column (61).

7. The fastening tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first part is any self-locking nut located in the blind cavity (3) of the gas turbine; the gas turbine includes a drum shaft (1); the support base (62) includes a connecting pipe (621), the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (621) is adapted to the outer diameter of the drum shaft (1); the connecting pipe (621) is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes (623), each first connecting hole (623) corresponding to the first threaded hole of the drum shaft (1) itself.

8. The fastening tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support column (61) includes a plate column (611) and a first connecting ring (613); the inner diameter of the first connecting ring (613) is adapted to the outer diameter of the connecting pipe (621).

9. The fastening tool according to claim 8, characterized in that, The connecting tube (621) is also provided with a second connecting ring (622); the second connecting ring (622) is provided with a first positioning hole (624) corresponding to each self-locking nut in the blind cavity (3); the plate column (611) is provided with at least one second positioning hole (614); each first positioning hole (624) and each second positioning hole (614) are used to cooperate with the positioning pin (71) to realize the circumferential relative position adjustment of the plate column (611) and the second connecting ring (622).

10. The fastening tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, The plate-shaped post (611) is provided with at least one second threaded hole (615), and the second connecting ring (622) is provided with multiple second connecting holes (625); each second threaded hole (615) and each second connecting hole (625) are used to cooperate with fastening parts to lock the circumferential relative positions of the plate-shaped post (611) and the second connecting ring (622).

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