Pyrolysis furnace and pyrolysis system with anti-tar deposition

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of pyrolysis furnace technology and discloses a pyrolysis furnace and pyrolysis system for preventing tar deposition. The furnace includes a cylinder, an inlet, an outlet, and a flow guiding assembly. The cylinder has a feed inlet, and a working chamber is formed inside the cylinder. The inlet and outlet are located at opposite ends of the cylinder along its axial direction and communicate with the working chamber. The flow guiding assembly is located within the working chamber and includes multiple flow guiding units spaced apart along the central axis of the cylinder. Each flow guiding unit includes multiple flow guiding plates distributed circumferentially along the cylinder. One side of each flow guiding plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, and the other side extends towards the center of the cylinder. The plane containing the flow guiding plate is inclined relative to the radial section of the cylinder towards the outlet, and the inclination angle relative to the radial section of the cylinder is adjustable. This invention enables control of the gas flow rate and direction within the furnace, as well as the collection of tar and the discharge of impurities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pyrolysis furnace technology, specifically relating to a pyrolysis furnace and pyrolysis system that resists tar deposition. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic module pyrolysis involves decomposing organic polymers such as EVA and backsheets under controlled high temperatures (oxygen-deficient or oxygen-free conditions) to separate and recycle inorganic materials such as glass, silicon wafers, and metals. In related technologies, pyrolysis furnaces often employ fixed guide plate structures, resulting in numerous dead zones for tar deposition. This necessitates monthly shutdowns for high-pressure cleaning, with single shutdowns exceeding 24 hours, leading to short continuous operation cycles. Furthermore, the associated gas outlet pipes typically use static scrapers with fixed gaps, which are prone to jamming due to thermal expansion and contraction, resulting in equipment failure rates exceeding 40%. Simultaneously, tar collection systems are often open structures, leading to severe volatile organic compound (VOC) leakage and workshop VOC concentrations exceeding standards by more than five times. These technologies fail to meet the environmental protection and high-efficiency operation requirements for large-scale, continuous photovoltaic module pyrolysis recycling. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention propose a pyrolysis furnace with anti-tar deposition capabilities, which allows for control of the gas flow rate and direction within the furnace body, as well as the collection of tar and the discharge of impurities.

[0004] This invention also proposes a pyrolysis system that can effectively prevent tar from clogging pipes and achieve targeted collection of tar residue and pyrolysis impurities, preventing leakage and protecting the production environment.

[0005] The anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace of this invention includes a cylinder, an air inlet, an air outlet, and a flow guiding assembly. The cylinder has a feed inlet, and a working chamber is formed inside the cylinder. The air inlet and the air outlet are located at opposite ends of the cylinder along the axial direction and communicate with the working chamber. The flow guiding assembly is disposed in the working chamber and includes multiple flow guiding units spaced apart along the central axis of the cylinder. Each flow guiding unit includes multiple flow guiding plates distributed circumferentially along the cylinder. One side of each flow guiding plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, and the other side of each flow guiding plate extends toward the center of the cylinder. The plane containing the flow guiding plate is inclined relative to the radial section of the cylinder toward the air outlet, wherein the inclination angle relative to the radial section of the cylinder is adjustable.

[0006] The anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace of this invention utilizes multiple sets of rotatable, tilting guide plates spaced axially and distributed circumferentially to guide the pyrolysis gas into a localized vortex. Centrifugal force is used to throw tar droplets against the inner wall of the furnace, significantly reducing dead zones for tar deposition within the working chamber. The tilt angle of the guide plates is flexibly adjustable to adapt to different pyrolysis gas flow rates and material conditions, stably maintaining the vortex velocity and tar separation efficiency. It can adapt to changes in operating conditions without shutdown, reducing tar deposition at the source, extending the continuous operating time of the equipment, and reducing the frequency of shutdown for coke removal.

[0007] In some embodiments, the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace further includes an adjustment component connected to the cylinder and the guide plate, for adjusting the tilt angle of the guide plate.

[0008] In some embodiments, the adjustment assembly includes a plurality of sliding connecting seats and a plurality of guide rods. The plurality of sliding connecting seats correspond one-to-one with the plurality of guide plates, and each sliding connecting seat is slidably engaged with the corresponding guide plate and can slide along the length direction of the guide plate. The plurality of guide rods correspond one-to-one with the plurality of sliding connecting seats. The guide rods pass through the side wall of the cylinder radially and are sealed to the side wall of the cylinder. One end of the guide rod placed inside the cylinder is rotatably connected to the sliding connecting seat. The guide rods can move along their length direction to adjust the tilt angle of the guide plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the adjustment assembly further includes a plurality of crossbars and a plurality of telescopic members. The length direction of the crossbars is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder. The plurality of crossbars are distributed along the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder and correspond one-to-one with the circumferential positions of the guide plates. Each crossbar corresponds to a plurality of guide plates arranged axially at intervals in the circumferential position. Along the length direction of the crossbar, one end of a plurality of guide rods corresponding to the crossbar is connected to the crossbar outside the cylinder. Each crossbar corresponds to at least two telescopic members. One end of the telescopic member is connected to the crossbar, and the other end of the telescopic member is connected to the outer wall surface of the cylinder. The telescopic member can extend and retract in a direction parallel to the length direction of the guide rods.

[0010] In some embodiments, the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace further includes a tray disposed inside the cylinder, the maximum external dimension of the tray being smaller than the size of the feed inlet so that the tray can pass through the feed inlet, and a sealing plate being provided at the feed inlet.

[0011] In some embodiments, the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace further includes a plurality of support rods, the length direction of which is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder, and the plurality of support rods are spaced apart along the bottom surface of the tray to support the tray.

[0012] The anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace of this invention achieves synchronous online adjustment of the inclination angle of multiple sets of guide plates through an adjustment component, ensuring uniform and stable circumferential flow guidance effect, and completing parameter adaptation without stopping the machine. The detachable tray structure allows for pre-loading and overall feeding and discharging of materials, improving operational efficiency and preventing the accumulation of material residue that could create dead zones for coke removal. The supporting structure ensures the high-temperature load-bearing stability of the tray while reserving gaps for airflow, enhancing the uniformity of pyrolysis. The overall structure can reduce tar deposition rate by 98%, increase continuous operating cycle by over 400%, and simultaneously ensure furnace sealing performance, preventing VOCs leakage.

[0013] The following describes a pyrolysis system according to an embodiment of the present invention, including an anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace, an exhaust pipe, and a cleaning assembly as described in any of the above embodiments. The exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust port, and the cleaning assembly is disposed inside the exhaust pipe for cleaning the inner wall surface of the exhaust pipe.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cleaning assembly includes a main shaft, a mounting plate, and a plurality of scrapers. The main shaft is rotatable about its own axis, and the axis of the main shaft coincides with the axis of the air outlet pipe. The mounting plate is disposed on the main shaft and rotates with the main shaft. The plurality of scrapers are evenly distributed around the circumference of the mounting plate. One end of the scraper is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and the other end of the scraper is movably abutting against the inner wall surface of the air outlet pipe to clean the inner wall surface.

[0015] In some embodiments, a torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection between the scraper and the mounting plate. The two ends of the torsion spring abut against the scraper and the mounting plate respectively, and are used to apply a restoring force to the scraper in the direction away from the inner wall surface of the air outlet pipe. When the main shaft stops rotating, the torsion spring drives the other end of the scraper away from the inner wall surface of the air outlet pipe.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pyrolysis system further includes a first slag discharge pipe, a second slag discharge pipe, and a slag receiving box. The bottom of the cylinder near the gas outlet is provided with a slag discharge port. The first slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port. The second slag discharge pipe is vertically arranged with an open structure at its upper end. Its sidewall is connected to the downstream end of both the gas outlet pipe and the downstream end of the first slag discharge pipe. The lower end of the second slag discharge pipe is sealed and connected to the slag receiving box.

[0017] The pyrolysis system of this invention, in conjunction with a front-end anti-tar and anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace, achieves tar control throughout the entire pyrolysis process. The adaptive scraping component built into the exhaust pipe can scrape tar condensate from the pipe wall in real time, with a torsion spring and rotating connection structure that adaptively compensates for thermal deformation gaps, completely solving the problem of traditional scrapers getting stuck due to thermal expansion. It automatically detaches from the pipe wall when the system stops, significantly reducing the failure rate. The fully sealed two-stage slag discharge and collection structure can collect tar and residue from the furnace and pipes, achieving closed-loop centralized collection and controlling VOCs leakage concentration to below 1 ppm, meeting environmental protection requirements. Simultaneously, it avoids pipe blockage and ensures long-term continuous and stable system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of AA.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 View from direction B in the middle.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] 100. Anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace; 11. Cylinder; 111. Feed inlet; 112. Working chamber; 113. Air inlet; 114. Air outlet; 12. Flow guiding assembly; 121. Flow guiding unit; 1211. Flow guide plate; 13. Adjustment assembly; 132. Guide rod; 133. Crossbar; 134. Telescopic component; 14. Tray; 15. Support rod; 200. Pyrolysis system; 21. Gas outlet pipe; 22. Scraping assembly; 221. Main shaft; 222. Mounting plate; 223. Scraper; 23. First slag discharge pipe; 24. Second slag discharge pipe; 25. Slag receiving box. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] like Figures 1-4As shown, the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace of this embodiment includes a cylinder 11, an air inlet 113, an air outlet 114, and a flow guiding assembly 12. The cylinder 11 has a feed inlet 111, and a working chamber 112 is formed inside the cylinder 11. The air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114 are located at opposite ends of the cylinder 11 along the axial direction and communicate with the working chamber 112. The flow guiding assembly 12 is disposed within the working chamber 112 and includes multiple components along the central axis of the cylinder 11. The flow guiding units 121 are arranged at intervals. Each flow guiding unit 121 includes multiple flow guiding plates 1211 distributed circumferentially along the cylinder 11. One side of the flow guiding plate 1211 is rotatably connected to the inner wall surface of the cylinder 11, and the other side of the flow guiding plate 1211 extends toward the center of the cylinder 11. The plane on which the flow guiding plate 1211 is located is inclined toward the air outlet 114 relative to the radial section of the cylinder 11. The inclination angle relative to the radial section of the cylinder 11 is adjustable.

[0026] This embodiment can flexibly adapt to the pyrolysis gas flow parameters under different working conditions, greatly reduce the dead zone of tar deposition in the working chamber 112 of the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace 100, improve tar separation efficiency, reduce the frequency of equipment shutdown for coking, and extend the continuous operation time of the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace 100.

[0027] The pyrolysis furnace 100 for preventing tar deposition includes a cylinder 11 with a feed inlet 111. The material to be pyrolyzed is fed into the cylinder 11 through the feed inlet 111, forming a working chamber 112 inside the cylinder 11, providing a sealed reaction space for the pyrolysis reaction. The cylinder 11 typically consists of multiple layers, for example, an inner layer of high-temperature resistant stainless steel (such as 310S or 316L), an outer carbon steel cylinder, and an insulation layer in between. Heating elements are installed inside the cylinder 11 or heating is provided externally. Typically, the aluminum frame and junction box of the photovoltaic panel are first removed to obtain the core "laminated component" (glass + EVA film + solar cells + backsheet). This photovoltaic laminate is then fed into the pyrolysis furnace 100 for preventing tar deposition and heated in an oxygen-isolated or limited-oxygen environment. At this point, the organic materials, such as the EVA film and the fluorinated backsheet, begin to decompose.

[0028] The cylinder 11 has an inlet 113 and an outlet 114 at both ends along its central axis, both of which are connected to the working chamber 112. The pyrolysis gaseous medium is introduced into the working chamber 112 through the inlet 113, carrying the oil and tar components produced by the pyrolysis of the material. This gaseous medium flows along the central axis of the cylinder 11 towards the outlet 114, and the final gaseous and solid products from the pyrolysis are discharged through the outlet 114. Nitrogen is typically used as the gaseous medium to completely isolate or reduce oxygen levels.

[0029] A flow guiding assembly 12 is provided inside the working chamber 112. The flow guiding assembly 12 includes multiple flow guiding units 121, which are arranged at intervals along the central axis of the cylinder 11. A spacing is reserved between adjacent flow guiding units 121 to allow for stable airflow. Each flow guiding unit 121 includes multiple flow guiding plates 1211, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the cylinder 11 to ensure consistent airflow guidance at all circumferential positions.

[0030] One side of the guide vane 1211 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 11, allowing the guide vane 1211 to rotate around its connection point with the inner wall of the cylinder 11. The other side of the guide vane 1211 extends towards the center of the cylinder 11, forming a complete airflow guiding surface. The plane containing the guide vane 1211 is inclined relative to the radial section of the cylinder 11, towards the air outlet 114, so that the airflow passing through the guide vane 1211 flows under the guiding effect and controls the flow velocity.

[0031] The tilt angle of the guide plate 1211 relative to the radial section of the cylinder 11 is adjustable. The tilt angle can be adjusted according to the actual flow rate of the pyrolysis gas and the gas production rate of the material pyrolysis to adapt to the airflow velocity requirements under different working conditions. In addition, when part of the airflow flows through the tilted guide plate 1211, the airflow that originally flowed in a straight line along the central axis of the cylinder 11 is guided by the guide plate 1211 to form a swirling flow. The tar droplets suspended in the airflow move towards the inner wall of the cylinder 11 under the action of centrifugal force and eventually adhere to the inner wall of the cylinder 11. This avoids the formation of a dead zone for tar deposition in the central area of ​​the working chamber 112 or on the leeward side of the guide plate 1211. At the same time, the continuous flow of air can drive the tar adhering to the inner wall to be discharged towards the outlet 114.

[0032] In some embodiments, the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace 100 further includes an adjustment component 13, which is connected to the cylinder 11 and the guide plate 1211 and is used to adjust the tilt angle of the guide plate 1211.

[0033] In some embodiments, the adjustment assembly 13 includes a plurality of sliding connecting seats and a plurality of guide rods 132. The plurality of sliding connecting seats correspond one-to-one with a plurality of guide plates 1211, and each sliding connecting seat is slidably engaged with the corresponding guide plate 1211 and can slide along the length direction of the guide plate 1211. The plurality of guide rods 132 correspond one-to-one with a plurality of sliding connecting seats. The guide rods 132 pass through the side wall of the cylinder 11 radially and are sealed to the side wall of the cylinder 11. One end of the guide rod 132 placed inside the cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the sliding connecting seat. The guide rods 132 can move along their length direction to adjust the tilt angle of the guide plate 1211.

[0034] In some embodiments, the adjustment assembly 13 further includes a plurality of crossbars 133 and a plurality of telescopic members 134. The length direction of the crossbars 133 is parallel to the central axis direction of the cylinder 11. The plurality of crossbars 133 are distributed along the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 11 and correspond one-to-one with the circumferential positions of the guide plates 1211. Each crossbar 133 corresponds to a plurality of guide plates 1211 arranged axially at intervals in the circumferential position. Along the length direction of the crossbar 133, one end of a plurality of guide rods 132 corresponding to the crossbar 133 and located outside the cylinder 11 is connected to the crossbar 133. Each crossbar 133 corresponds to at least two telescopic members 134. One end of the telescopic member 134 is connected to the crossbar 133, and the other end of the telescopic member 134 is connected to the outer wall surface of the cylinder 11. The telescopic member 134 can extend and retract in a direction parallel to the length direction of the guide rods 132.

[0035] This embodiment can achieve synchronous and precise online adjustment of the tilt angle of multiple sets of guide plates 1211, adapting to different pyrolysis gas flow rates and material processing conditions, stably maintaining the effect of airflow swirl and tar centrifugal separation, while the adjustment structure has reliable sealing performance, avoiding leakage of pyrolysis gas and volatile organic compounds, and the adjustment operation is convenient, and the parameters can be adjusted without stopping the machine, which greatly improves the continuity of equipment operation and the adaptability of working conditions.

[0036] The pyrolysis furnace 100 for preventing tar deposition also includes an adjustment assembly 13, which is connected to the cylinder 11 and the guide plate 1211 and is used to adjust the tilt angle of the guide plate 1211. The adjustment assembly 13 includes multiple sliding connecting seats, which correspond one-to-one with multiple guide plates 1211. Each sliding connecting seat is slidably engaged with the corresponding guide plate 1211 and can slide freely along the length direction of the guide plate 1211, that is, along the direction of the guide plate 1211 surface toward the central axis of the cylinder 11.

[0037] The adjusting assembly 13 includes multiple guide rods 132, each corresponding to a multiple sliding connecting seat. The guide rods 132 pass radially through the side wall of the cylinder 11. A sealing ring or similar device is installed between the guide rods 132 and the side wall of the cylinder 11 to achieve a sealed connection, preventing leakage of pyrolysis gas from the mating gap. One end of the guide rod 132, located inside the cylinder 11, is rotatably connected to the sliding connecting seat. The guide rod 132 can reciprocate along its length, causing the sliding connecting seat to slide along the length of the guide plate 1211, thereby causing the guide plate 1211 to rotate around its connection position with the inner wall of the cylinder 11, thus adjusting the tilt angle of the guide plate 1211. When the guide rod 132 is pushed towards the center of the cylinder 11, the sliding connecting seat slides along the guide plate 1211 towards the center of the cylinder 11, pushing the guide plate 1211 to rotate closer to the outlet 114, increasing the tilt angle. When the guide rod 132 retracts to the outside of the cylinder 11, the sliding connecting seat slides along the guide plate 1211 to the side away from the center of the cylinder 11, pulling the guide plate 1211 to rotate away from the air outlet 114, reducing the tilt angle.

[0038] The adjusting assembly 13 also includes multiple crossbars 133 and multiple telescopic members 134. The length direction of the crossbars 133 is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder 11. The multiple crossbars 133 are distributed circumferentially along the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 11. The circumferential positions of the crossbars 133 correspond one-to-one with the circumferential positions of the guide plates 1211. Each crossbar 133 corresponds to all the guide plates 1211 arranged axially at intervals in one circumferential position. Along the length direction of the crossbar 133, the ends of multiple guide rods 132 corresponding to the crossbar 133 and located outside the cylinder 11 are all fixedly connected to the crossbar 133. Each crossbar 133 corresponds to at least two telescopic members 134 to ensure the stable movement of the crossbar 133.

[0039] One end of the telescopic component 134 is fixedly connected to the crossbar 133, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cylinder 11. The telescopic component 134 can reciprocate in a direction parallel to the length of the guide rod 132, driving the crossbar 133 to move synchronously in the radial direction of the cylinder 11, thereby driving all guide rods 132 in the same circumferential position to move forward and backward synchronously, realizing the synchronous adjustment of the tilt angle of all guide plates 1211 in the same circumferential position, ensuring that the guide angle of each guide unit 121 is consistent, and the circumferential swirling effect of the airflow is uniform and stable. The telescopic component 134 can adopt an electric or hydraulic drive structure, which can automatically adjust the telescopic stroke according to the real-time flow rate of pyrolysis gas, controlling the tilt angle of the guide plate 1211 within the suitable range of 40° to 50°, meeting the tar centrifugal separation requirements under different working conditions.

[0040] In some embodiments, the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace 100 further includes a tray 14, which is disposed inside the cylinder 11. The maximum external dimension of the tray 14 is smaller than the size of the feed inlet 111 so that the tray 14 can pass through the feed inlet 111. A sealing plate is provided at the feed inlet 111.

[0041] In some embodiments, the pyrolysis furnace 100 for resisting tar deposition further includes a plurality of support rods 15, the length direction of which is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder 11, and the plurality of support rods 15 are spaced apart along the bottom surface of the tray 14 for supporting the tray 14.

[0042] This embodiment can realize the pre-loading and overall loading and unloading of materials to be pyrolyzed, greatly improving the operation efficiency of material entering and leaving the furnace, avoiding the accumulation of residual materials in the working chamber 112 to form dead corners for coking, while ensuring the airtightness of the furnace body during the pyrolysis process, preventing the leakage of volatile organic compounds, and the support structure can ensure the load-bearing stability of the tray 14 under high temperature conditions, avoiding thermal deformation from affecting the airflow path and the uniformity of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0043] The pyrolysis furnace 100, designed to prevent tar deposition, also includes a tray 14. The tray 14 is positioned inside the cylinder 11, and its maximum external dimensions are smaller than the feed inlet 111, allowing it to pass completely through the inlet 111 and be loaded entirely into the working chamber 112 from outside the cylinder 11, or removed entirely from the working chamber 112. A sealing plate is installed at the feed inlet 111. During pyrolysis, the sealing plate completely seals the feed inlet 111, ensuring the airtightness of the working chamber 112 and preventing the leakage of pyrolysis gas and volatile organic compounds. Simultaneously, it stabilizes the pyrolysis temperature and pressure environment within the working chamber 112. The tray 14 allows for the pre-even distribution of the material to be pyrolyzed outside the cylinder 11, eliminating the need for material loading inside the cylinder 11. After pyrolysis, the tray 14 can be removed along with the material, reducing material residue on the inner wall of the cylinder 11 and the bottom of the working chamber 112, thus simplifying subsequent coke removal operations.

[0044] The pyrolysis furnace 100, designed to resist tar deposition, also includes multiple support rods 15. The length of each support rod 15 is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder 11. These support rods 15 are evenly spaced along the bottom surface of the tray 14 to support it. The two ends of each support rod 15 can be connected to the inner wall of the working chamber 112 or the side wall of the cylinder 11, distributing the overall weight of the tray 14 and the material it carries. This prevents the tray 14 from bending or deforming under long-term load during high-temperature pyrolysis. Simultaneously, a stable airflow gap is maintained between the tray 14 and the bottom inner wall of the cylinder 11, allowing the swirling flow guided by the flow guide assembly 12 to fully pass through the material layer on the tray 14, enhancing the contact between the pyrolysis gas and the material, and improving the efficiency and uniformity of the pyrolysis reaction. The spaced support rods 15 do not obstruct the circumferential rotation path of the airflow, maintaining the design effect of centrifugal tar separation and preventing the formation of additional tar deposition dead zones.

[0045] The following describes a pyrolysis system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention, including an anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, an exhaust pipe 21, and a cleaning component 22. The exhaust pipe 21 is connected to an exhaust port 114, and the cleaning component 22 is disposed inside the exhaust pipe 21 for cleaning the inner wall surface of the exhaust pipe 21.

[0046] This embodiment can achieve tar deposition control throughout the pyrolysis process, and remove tar condensate adhering to the inner wall of the gas outlet pipe 21 in real time, avoiding the problems of increased system pressure drop and poor pyrolysis gas delivery caused by pipe blockage. Combined with the anti-tar structure of the front-end anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace 100, it can significantly extend the continuous operation cycle of the system, reduce the maintenance cost of shutdown disassembly and cleaning, and reduce the risk of volatile organic compound leakage during pipeline maintenance.

[0047] The pyrolysis system 200 includes an outlet pipe 21, which is sealed and connected to the outlet 114 of the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace 100. The pyrolysis gas discharged from the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace 100 enters the outlet pipe 21 through the outlet 114 and is transported downstream along the axial direction of the outlet pipe 21 to the subsequent oil and gas condensation and purification processes. After the pyrolysis gas enters the outlet pipe 21 from the high-temperature working chamber 112 of the anti-tar deposition pyrolysis furnace 100, the temperature gradually decreases. The gaseous tar components are prone to condensation on the inner wall of the outlet pipe 21, forming viscous tar deposits. Long-term accumulation will reduce the flow area of ​​the pipe and even cause blockage, affecting the normal operation of the system.

[0048] The pyrolysis system 200 includes a scraping assembly 22, which is integrally disposed inside the outlet pipe 21. The working end of the scraping assembly 22 is movable and engages with the inner wall of the outlet pipe 21 to scrape off tar deposits adhering to the inner wall of the outlet pipe 21. During the continuous operation of the pyrolysis system 200, the scraping assembly 22 can continuously scrape the inner wall of the outlet pipe 21, promptly removing the condensed tar deposits from the inner wall. The removed tar can be transported downstream with the flowing pyrolysis gas or fall into a matching collection structure. The tar removal operation can be completed without stopping the system or disassembling the outlet pipe 21, ensuring a stable flow area in the pyrolysis gas transport channel and maintaining stable system operating pressure.

[0049] In some embodiments, the cleaning assembly 22 includes a main shaft 221, a mounting plate 222, and a plurality of scrapers 223. The main shaft 221 is rotatable about its own axis, and the axis of the main shaft 221 coincides with the axis of the air outlet pipe 21. The mounting plate 222 is disposed on the main shaft 221 and rotates with the main shaft 221. The plurality of scrapers 223 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the mounting plate 222. One end of the scraper 223 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 222, and the other end of the scraper 223 is movably abutting against the inner wall surface of the air outlet pipe 21 to clean the inner wall surface.

[0050] In some embodiments, a torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection between the scraper 223 and the mounting plate 222. The two ends of the torsion spring abut against the scraper 223 and the mounting plate 222 respectively, and are used to apply a restoring force to the scraper 223 in the direction away from the inner wall surface of the air outlet pipe 21. When the main shaft 221 stops rotating, the torsion spring drives the other end of the scraper 223 away from the inner wall surface of the air outlet pipe 21.

[0051] In some embodiments, the pyrolysis system 200 further includes a first slag discharge pipe 23, a second slag discharge pipe 24, and a slag receiving box 25. A slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 11 near the gas outlet 114. The first slag discharge pipe 23 is connected to the slag discharge port. The second slag discharge pipe 24 is vertically arranged with an open structure at its upper end. Its sidewall is connected to both the downstream end of the gas outlet pipe 21 and the downstream end of the first slag discharge pipe 23. The lower end of the second slag discharge pipe 24 is sealed and connected to the slag receiving box 25.

[0052] This embodiment can achieve full-circumference, no-dead-angle cleaning of tar on the inner wall of the gas outlet pipe 21, and has the ability to adaptively compensate for thermal deformation. It completely solves the problems of jamming and high failure rate of traditional fixed scrapers after thermal expansion and contraction. When the machine is stopped, the scraper can automatically detach from the pipe wall, and at the same time complete the full-sealed collection of tar and pyrolysis residue, which greatly reduces the risk of volatile organic compound leakage and improves the operational stability and maintenance convenience of the pyrolysis system 200.

[0053] The cleaning assembly 22 includes a main shaft 221, a mounting plate 222, and multiple scrapers 223. The main shaft 221 can rotate around its own axis, and the axis of the main shaft 221 is completely coincident with the axis of the air outlet pipe 21, ensuring coaxiality during rotation and avoiding eccentric wear. Typically, the main shaft 221 is fixed to the inner wall of the air outlet pipe 21 by bearings and support rods, and is connected to an external drive motor via a bevel gear set, enabling on-demand rotation.

[0054] The mounting disc 222 is fixedly mounted on the main shaft 221 and can rotate synchronously with the main shaft 221. Multiple scrapers 223 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the mounting disc 222. One end of the scraper 223 is rotatably connected to the mounting disc 222, and the other end of the scraper 223 is in contact with the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 21. When the main shaft 221 drives the mounting disc 222 to rotate, the scrapers 223 revolve synchronously around the axis of the exhaust pipe 21 with the mounting disc 222. The end of the scraper 223 that is in contact with the inner wall slides circumferentially along the pipe wall, continuously removing tar condensate and pyrolysis residues adhering to the inner wall. The circumferentially distributed structure can cover the entire circumferential area of ​​the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 21, with no dead corners for cleaning.

[0055] A torsion spring is provided at the rotating connection between the scraper 223 and the mounting plate 222. The two ends of the torsion spring abut against the scraper 223 and the mounting plate 222 respectively, and are used to apply a restoring force to the scraper 223 in a direction away from the inner wall surface of the exhaust pipe 21. When the main shaft 221 rotates, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the scraper 223 with the mounting plate 222 overcomes the restoring force of the torsion spring, causing the free end of the scraper 223 to be thrown outward and stably attached to the inner wall surface of the exhaust pipe 21, ensuring the cleaning force. When the exhaust pipe 21 expands and contracts due to temperature changes, or when uneven deposits appear on the inner wall, the scraper 223 can swing adaptively around the rotating connection point, automatically compensating for the gap changes between the pipe wall and the scraper 223, avoiding jamming and excessive wear caused by rigid contact. When the main shaft 221 stops rotating, the centrifugal force disappears completely, and the restoring force of the torsion spring directly drives the free end of the scraper 223 to retract inward, disengaging from the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 21. This completely avoids the problem of seizing caused by the inconsistent thermal deformation of the pipe and the scraper 223 during the shutdown and cooling process, and significantly reduces the equipment failure rate.

[0056] The pyrolysis system 200 also includes a first slag discharge pipe 23, a second slag discharge pipe 24, and a slag receiving box 25. A slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 11 near the gas outlet 114. The first slag discharge pipe 23 is sealed and connected to the slag discharge port. Tar adhering to the inner wall of the cylinder 11 after centrifugal separation and solid residues generated by the pyrolysis reaction can flow by gravity along the inner wall of the cylinder 11 to the slag discharge port and enter the first slag discharge pipe 23. The second slag discharge pipe 24 is vertically arranged, with an open upper end. The side wall of the second slag discharge pipe 24 is sealed and connected to the downstream end of the gas outlet pipe 21 and the downstream end of the first slag discharge pipe 23, forming a closed three-way converging structure. The lower end of the second slag discharge pipe 24 is sealed and connected to the slag receiving box 25. The solid and liquid residues transported by the first slag discharge pipe 23 and the tar deposits scraped off by the scraper 223 in the gas outlet pipe 21 all flow into the second slag discharge pipe 24 under gravity and finally fall into the slag receiving box 25 for centralized collection. The fully enclosed conveying and collection structure can prevent the leakage of volatile organic compounds into the external environment.

[0057] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0058] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0059] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0061] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0062] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace characterized by, The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace.

2. The tar-deposit-resistant pyrolysis furnace of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace.

3. The tar-deposit-resistant pyrolysis furnace of claim 2, wherein, The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace.

4. The tar-deposition-resistant pyrolysis furnace of claim 3, wherein, The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace.

5. The tar-deposit-resistant pyrolysis furnace of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace.

6. The tar-deposit-resistant pyrolysis furnace of claim 5, wherein, The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace.

7. A pyrolysis system characterized by, The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace.

8. The pyrolysis system of claim 7, wherein, The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyro ly sis furnace. The application relates to a tar deposition resistant pyrolysis furnace. The application relates Mounting plate, which is mounted on the main shaft and rotates with the main shaft; Multiple scrapers are evenly distributed around the circumference of the mounting plate. One end of each scraper is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and the other end of each scraper is in contact with the inner wall of the air outlet pipe to clean the inner wall.

9. The pyrolysis system of claim 8, wherein, A torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection between the scraper and the mounting plate. The two ends of the torsion spring abut against the scraper and the mounting plate respectively, and are used to apply a restoring force to the scraper in the direction away from the inner wall of the air outlet pipe. When the main shaft stops rotating, the torsion spring drives the other end of the scraper away from the inner wall of the air outlet pipe.

10. The pyrolysis system of any one of claims 7-9, wherein, Also includes: The first slag discharge pipe has a slag discharge port at the bottom of the cylinder near the air outlet, and the first slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port. The second slag discharge pipe is vertically arranged with an open structure at its upper end, and its sidewall is connected to the downstream end of the gas outlet pipe and the downstream end of the first slag discharge pipe. The slag receiving box is sealed and connected to the lower end of the second slag discharge pipe.

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