A feather modification treatment liquid, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention provides a feather modification treatment liquid, its preparation method, and its application. By constructing a multiphase composite system comprising chitosan, styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion, citric acid, and hydroxyl silicone oil, and employing a precision processing technique combining vacuum impregnation and gradient drying, synergistic modification of badminton feathers is achieved. Specifically, chitosan crosslinks with citric acid and the styrene-acrylic emulsion to form a dense protective film with a hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance, effectively isolating the feathers from the effects of humidity and imparting excellent antibacterial properties. The introduction of hydroxyl silicone oil significantly reduces the surface friction coefficient of the feathers and eliminates static electricity. Simultaneously, this composite system can penetrate and enhance the internal structure of the feather shaft, greatly improving its breakage resistance. Feathers treated in this way exhibit a reduction in flight trajectory deviation of over 40%, an increase in average usage times of over 50%, a reduction in performance variation rate under different humidity environments of over 60%, and an antibacterial rate of over 99% against common bacteria.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of badminton manufacturing technology, and in particular to a feather modification treatment liquid, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Badminton demands extremely high equipment performance; its flight performance, durability, and stability directly determine the quality of the match. The core component of a badminton shuttlecock—the feathers—is primarily made of goose or duck feathers, with high-quality goose feathers being the preferred material for top-tier shuttlecocks. The processing technology of the feathers used in badminton is a crucial factor in determining the final product's quality. Currently, industry methods for feather processing mainly include washing, bleaching, preservation, and simple surface coatings. For example, existing technologies often use silicone oil to soak the feathers to increase their lubricity and flexibility; or use preservatives to inhibit microbial growth. However, these traditional processing methods are mostly one-dimensional, only improving a specific performance characteristic.

[0003] As badminton becomes increasingly professional and competitive, the performance requirements for shuttlecocks are becoming more stringent, and the shortcomings of existing processing technologies are gradually becoming apparent. First, natural feathers are highly sensitive to humidity. Changes in the moisture content of feathers under different temperature and humidity conditions can alter their shape, stiffness, and weight, leading to instability in the shuttlecock's flight trajectory—a fatal flaw in high-level competition. Second, natural feathers have limited mechanical strength. After being subjected to continuous high-speed racket hits, the feather shafts are prone to breakage, and the vanes are easily deformed and split, resulting in poor shuttlecock durability, a short lifespan, and significantly increased operating costs. Third, existing processing methods do not adequately improve the resilience of feathers. The ability of feathers to recover from deformation directly affects the feel of the shot; feathers with poor resilience reduce the crispness of the shot and the accuracy of the landing point. Furthermore, as natural protein fibers, feathers easily absorb moisture, breed bacteria, and produce odors. In dry environments, they easily accumulate static electricity and attract dust, further affecting flight performance. Simultaneously, the inherent batch-to-batch variability of natural materials makes it difficult to guarantee product quality stability.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the moisture-proof stability, mechanical properties, resilience, antibacterial and antifungal properties, and antistatic properties of feathers through a comprehensive modification treatment, while achieving a high degree of consistency in performance between batches, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a feather modification treatment liquid, its preparation method, and its application, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a feather modification treatment liquid, which is a multiphase composite system comprising: Phase A basic system, wherein Phase A basic system comprises chitosan, glacial acetic acid, glycerol and deionized water; An emulsion system comprising a styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion, Tween-40 emulsifier, and deionized water; The B / C phase functional system comprises citric acid, hydroxyl silicone oil, Tween-40 emulsifier, and deionized water.

[0007] Preferably, the components in the treatment solution are as follows, by weight: Chitosan 0.9-1.1 parts by weight; 1.0 mL of glacial acetic acid; 7.5-8.5 parts by weight of glycerin; 1.8-2.2 parts by weight of styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion; Citric acid 1.9-2.1 parts by weight; Hydroxysilicone oil, 5.7-6.3 parts by weight; Tween-40 emulsifier 0.45-0.65 parts by weight; Add deionized water to a final volume of 200 parts by weight; The amount of deionized water used to dissolve the chitosan in the glacial acetic acid is 100 mL.

[0008] Preferably, the treatment solution has a pH of 4.5-6.0, a viscosity of 50-100 mPa·s at 25°C, and an average particle size D50 of less than 300 nm.

[0009] Preferably, the dissolved particle size of chitosan in the A-phase basic system is less than 100 nm; and the emulsion droplet size of hydroxyl silicone oil in the B / C phase functional system is less than 500 nm.

[0010] This invention also provides a method for preparing a feather modification treatment solution, comprising the following steps: (1) Construction of the A-phase basic system: Add glacial acetic acid to deionized water, heat to 58-62℃, slowly add chitosan under stirring until completely dissolved, then add glycerol, and add water to the predetermined weight to obtain the A-phase basic solution; (2) Emulsion phase construction and composite: Styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion, Tween-40 emulsifier and deionized water are mixed and ultrasonically dispersed to form a stable emulsion; under stirring conditions, the emulsion is slowly added dropwise to the A phase base solution in step (1) to obtain the A phase composite emulsion; (3) Construction of B / C phase functional system: Citric acid was dissolved in deionized water, hydroxy silicone oil and Tween-40 emulsifier were added, and high-speed shear emulsification was carried out to form a stable B / C phase functional emulsion. (4) Construction of the final composite system: Under stirring conditions, the B / C phase functional emulsion of step (3) is slowly added to the A phase composite emulsion of step (2), deionized water is added to make up the volume, and stirring is continued until the system is homogeneous and stable, thus obtaining the feather modification treatment liquid.

[0011] Preferably, in step (1), the stirring speed is 800-1200 rpm and the chitosan addition rate is 0.08-0.12 g / min; in step (2), the ultrasonic dispersion power is 150-250 W, the frequency is 40 kHz, the processing time is 3-8 minutes, and the dropping rate when the emulsion phase is added to the A phase base solution is 2-3 drops / second.

[0012] Preferably, in step (3), the rotation speed of high-speed shear emulsification is 8000-10000 rpm, and the processing time is 10-20 minutes; in step (4), the speed at which the B / C phase functional emulsion is added to the A phase composite emulsion is 4-6 mL / min, the stirring speed is 900-1100 rpm, and the stirring time after final volume adjustment is 50-70 minutes.

[0013] Preferably, in steps (2) and (4), a laser particle size analyzer is used to monitor the particle size of the system in real time; in step (2), an online pH meter and conductivity meter are used to monitor the stability of the system.

[0014] This invention also provides an application of a feather modification treatment liquid, comprising the following steps: Step A: Feather pretreatment: Select high-quality goose feathers, wash and dry them until the moisture content is <5%, and then screen them for later use; Step B: Precision immersion treatment, the pre-treated feathers are completely immersed in the treatment solution described in any one of claims 1-4, first under vacuum of -0.075 to -0.085 MPa for 1-3 minutes, then under normal pressure for 1-3 minutes, and then pulled out at a speed of 4-6 cm / min. Step C: Precision drying and shaping, using a gradient drying process, pre-drying at 38-42℃ for 20-40 minutes, drying at 58-62℃ for 50-70 minutes, and drying at 78-82℃ for 20-40 minutes in sequence, using a shaping mold to maintain the feather shape during the drying process; Step D: Post-processing, the dried feathers are re-moistened, and then quality inspection, grading and packaging are carried out.

[0015] Preferably, after the gradient drying process in step C, the breaking strength of the feathers is increased by more than 30%; the rehumidification conditions in step D are: temperature 20±1℃, relative humidity 65±5%, and time 22-26 hours.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects compared to the prior art: This invention provides a feather modification treatment liquid, its preparation method, and its application. By constructing a multiphase composite system comprising chitosan, styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion, citric acid, and hydroxyl silicone oil, and employing a precision processing technique combining vacuum impregnation and gradient drying, synergistic modification of badminton feathers is achieved. Specifically, chitosan crosslinks with citric acid and styrene-acrylic emulsion to form a dense protective film with a hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance, effectively isolating the feathers from humidity and imparting excellent antibacterial properties. The introduction of hydroxyl silicone oil significantly reduces the surface friction coefficient of the feathers and eliminates static electricity. Simultaneously, this composite system can penetrate and enhance the internal structure of the feather shaft, greatly improving its breakage resistance. Feathers treated in this way exhibit a reduction in flight trajectory deviation of over 40%, an increase in average usage times of over 50%, a reduction in performance variation rate under different humidity environments of over 60%, and an antibacterial rate of over 99% against common bacteria. This achieves a comprehensive improvement in flight stability, durability, resilience, environmental adaptability, and hygiene, while ensuring high consistency between product batches, meeting the stringent requirements of high-end badminton shuttlecock manufacturing. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The purpose of this invention is to provide a feather modification treatment liquid, its preparation method, and its application, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 This embodiment provides a feather modification treatment liquid and its preparation method.

[0021] Treatment solution formulation (total weight 200g): chitosan 1.0g, glacial acetic acid 1.0mL, glycerin 8.0g, styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion 2.0g, citric acid 2.0g, hydroxyl silicone oil 6.0g, Tween-40 emulsifier 0.55g (0.30g for the emulsion phase and 0.25g for the B / C phase), and deionized water to a final volume of 200g (100mL for dissolving chitosan).

[0022] Preparation method: (1) Construction of Phase A basic system: Add 100 mL of deionized water to the reactor, heat to 60 ± 0.5 °C, and start the stirrer to 1000 rpm. Add 1.0 mL of glacial acetic acid. Slowly add 1.0 g of chitosan at a rate of 0.1 g / min. Use a laser particle size analyzer to confirm that the chitosan is completely dissolved (particle size < 100 nm). Add 8.0 g of glycerol, add deionized water to make up to 130 g, and continue stirring for 30 minutes to form a homogeneous and transparent Phase A basic solution.

[0023] (2) Emulsion Phase Construction and Composite: In a separate container, 2.0 g of styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion was mixed with 8.0 g of deionized water, and 0.30 g of Tween-40 was added. The mixture was then ultrasonically dispersed (200 W, 40 kHz) for 5 minutes. While stirring the A-phase base solution at 1000 rpm, the emulsion was slowly added at a rate of 2-3 drops / second using a precision titration device. The stability of the system was monitored using an online pH meter and conductivity meter to obtain the A-phase composite emulsion.

[0024] (3) Construction of the B / C phase functional system: Dissolve 2.0 g of citric acid in 60 mL of deionized water and stir magnetically until completely dissolved. Add 6.0 g of hydroxyl silicone oil and 0.25 g of Tween-40. Process using a high-speed shear emulsifier (9000 rpm) for 15 minutes. Use an optical microscope to ensure that the emulsion droplet size is <500 nm.

[0025] (4) Construction of the final composite system: While stirring the A-phase composite emulsion at 1000 rpm, the B / C phase functional emulsion was slowly added at a rate of 5 mL / min using a peristaltic pump. A laser scattering particle size analyzer was used for real-time monitoring to ensure that the final system's D50 < 300 nm. The volume was adjusted to 200 g with deionized water, and stirring continued for 60 minutes. The system viscosity was measured to be 72 mPa·s (25℃) using a rheometer, yielding a stable, milky-white feather-modified treatment solution.

[0026] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for modifying feathers using the treatment solution of Example 1, and for preparing badminton shuttlecocks.

[0027] Feather modification methods: Step A: Feather pretreatment. Select high-quality goose feathers (left wing), wash with neutral detergent, dry at 40℃ until the moisture content is <5%, and screen feathers that meet the standards for curvature and thickness.

[0028] Step B: Precision immersion treatment. The pre-treated feathers are completely immersed in the treatment solution of Example 1. First, they are treated under vacuum of -0.08 MPa for 2 minutes, then immersed under normal pressure for 2 minutes, and finally pulled out at a speed of 5 cm / min.

[0029] Step C: Precision drying and shaping, using a gradient drying process: first pre-dry at 40℃ for 30 minutes, then raise the temperature to 60℃ for 60 minutes, and finally raise the temperature to 80℃ for 30 minutes. During the drying process, a shaping mold is used to maintain the shape of the feathers.

[0030] Step D: Post-processing. The dried feathers are re-moistened (temperature 20℃, relative humidity 65%, 24 hours), then quality inspection is carried out, and badminton shuttlecocks are made according to standard process (referred to as Example 2).

[0031] Example 3 This embodiment is basically the same as Example 1, except that the amounts of each component in the treatment solution formulation are different: chitosan 1.1g, glacial acetic acid 1.0mL, glycerin 8.5g, styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion 2.2g, citric acid 2.1g, hydroxyl silicone oil 6.3g, Tween-40 emulsifier 0.65g (0.35g emulsion phase, 0.30g B / C phase), and deionized water to a final volume of 200g. The viscosity of the prepared treatment solution at 25°C is 88 mPa·s. Feathers were treated and shuttlecocks were prepared using the same method as in Example 2 (referred to as Example 3 group).

[0032] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example is essentially the same as Example 2, except that the feathers were not soaked in any modified treatment solution, but only washed and dried. Badminton shuttlecocks were prepared using these feathers according to the same process (referred to as Comparative Example 1).

[0033] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 2, except that the treatment solution used is a traditional hydroxyl silicone oil emulsion, with the following formula: 6g hydroxyl silicone oil, 0.3g Tween-40 emulsifier, and deionized water to a final volume of 200g. The same impregnation and drying process as in Example 2 was used to process and prepare badminton shuttlecocks (referred to as Comparative Example 2).

[0034] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 2, except that the treatment solution used does not contain chitosan and citric acid, while the remaining components and amounts are the same as in Example 1. The preparation method is the same as in Example 1, but due to the lack of chitosan, phase A is only an aqueous glycerol solution. Badminton shuttlecocks were prepared using the same process (referred to as Comparative Example 3).

[0035] Performance testing The performance of the shuttlecocks prepared in Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Test method: Flight stability test: Under standard competition conditions (temperature 20℃, relative humidity 65%), badminton shuttlecocks were launched using a professional serving machine at the same speed, spin, and trajectory. The flight trajectory was recorded by a high-speed camera system. The average maximum trajectory deviation over 10 tests was calculated and compared with a standard trajectory to calculate the deviation reduction rate. The deviation of Comparative Example 1 was used as the baseline (0%).

[0037] Durability Test: Using a fully automatic badminton shuttlecock durability tester, shuttlecocks were continuously struck at the same frequency and force. The number of strikes was recorded until feathers showed obvious breakage, splitting, or unacceptable changes in the shuttlecock's flight trajectory. The average number of strikes in Comparative Example 1 was used as the baseline (100%).

[0038] Environmental adaptability test: After balancing the shuttlecock for 24 hours in both high humidity (30℃, 90% relative humidity) and low humidity (15℃, 30% relative humidity) environments, flight stability tests were conducted, and the rate of change of its flight trajectory deviation compared to the standard environment was calculated. The smaller the rate of change, the better the environmental adaptability.

[0039] Antibacterial performance test: Referring to GB / T 20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of antibacterial properties of textiles - Part 3: Vibration method", the feathers of the badminton shuttlecock were tested, and the inhibition rate against Staphylococcus aureus was calculated.

[0040] Table 1. Test results of different badminton shuttlecock performance

[0041] Results Analysis As shown in Table 1, the badminton shuttlecocks made from feathers modified using the treatment solution and method of this invention (Examples 2 and 3) exhibited a flight trajectory deviation reduction of over 45%, an average number of uses increase of over 50%, and a flight change rate controlled at around 30% under high / low humidity conditions. Furthermore, they demonstrated an antibacterial rate of over 99.5% against Staphylococcus aureus. In contrast, the untreated feathers of Comparative Example 1 showed poor performance across the board; Comparative Example 2, treated only with traditional silicone oil, showed a slight improvement in durability and flight stability, but limited improvement in environmental adaptability and antibacterial properties; Comparative Example 3, lacking chitosan and citric acid, exhibited a significant decrease in antibacterial properties, and due to the inability to form a dense cross-linked protective film, its moisture-proof and toughening effects were significantly weaker than those of the Example groups. These results fully demonstrate the superiority and inventiveness of the technical solution of this invention.

[0042] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0043] It should be noted that the components mentioned in the above embodiments are all general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0044] This invention has illustrated its principles and implementation methods using specific examples. The descriptions of these embodiments are merely illustrative of the method and its core ideas; furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications may be made to the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the principles of this invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. A feather modification treatment liquid characterized by comprising: The treatment fluid is a multiphase composite system, comprising: Phase A basic system, wherein Phase A basic system comprises chitosan, glacial acetic acid, glycerol and deionized water; An emulsion system comprising a styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion, Tween-40 emulsifier, and deionized water; The B / C phase functional system comprises citric acid, hydroxyl silicone oil, Tween-40 emulsifier, and deionized water.

2. The feather modification treatment liquid according to claim 1, characterized by, The components in the treatment solution are as follows, by weight: Chitosan 0.9-1.1 parts by weight; 1.0 mL of glacial acetic acid; 7.5-8.5 parts by weight of glycerin; 1.8-2.2 parts by weight of styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion; Citric acid 1.9-2.1 parts by weight; Hydroxysilicone oil, 5.7-6.3 parts by weight; Tween-40 emulsifier 0.45-0.65 parts by weight; Add deionized water to a final volume of 200 parts by weight; The amount of deionized water used to dissolve the chitosan in the glacial acetic acid is 100 mL.

3. The feather modification treatment liquid according to claim 2, characterized by, The treatment solution has a pH of 4.5-6.0, a viscosity of 50-100 mPa·s at 25°C, and an average particle size D50 of less than 300 nm.

4. The feather modification treatment liquid according to claim 1, characterized by, In the A-phase basic system, the dissolved particle size of chitosan is less than 100 nm; in the B / C-phase functional system, the emulsion droplet size of hydroxyl silicone oil is less than 500 nm.

5. A method for preparing the feather modification treatment liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by, Includes the following steps: (1) Construction of the A-phase basic system: Add glacial acetic acid to deionized water, heat to 58-62℃, slowly add chitosan under stirring until completely dissolved, then add glycerol, and add water to the predetermined weight to obtain the A-phase basic solution; (2) Emulsion phase construction and composite: Styrene-acrylic / acrylic emulsion, Tween-40 emulsifier and deionized water are mixed and ultrasonically dispersed to form a stable emulsion; under stirring conditions, the emulsion is slowly added dropwise to the A phase base solution in step (1) to obtain the A phase composite emulsion; (3) Construction of B / C phase functional system: Citric acid was dissolved in deionized water, hydroxy silicone oil and Tween-40 emulsifier were added, and high-speed shear emulsification was carried out to form a stable B / C phase functional emulsion. (4) Construction of the final composite system: Under stirring conditions, the B / C phase functional emulsion of step (3) is slowly added to the A phase composite emulsion of step (2), deionized water is added to make up the volume, and stirring is continued until the system is homogeneous and stable, thus obtaining the feather modification treatment liquid.

6. The method for preparing the feather modification treatment solution according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (1), the stirring speed is 800-1200 rpm and the chitosan addition rate is 0.08-0.12 g / min; in step (2), the ultrasonic dispersion power is 150-250 W, the frequency is 40 kHz, the processing time is 3-8 minutes, and the dropping rate when adding the emulsion phase to the A phase base solution is 2-3 drops / second.

7. The method for preparing the feather modification treatment solution according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (3), the high-speed shear emulsification speed is 8000-10000 rpm and the processing time is 10-20 minutes; in step (4), the speed at which the B / C phase functional emulsion is added to the A phase composite emulsion is 4-6 mL / min, the stirring speed is 900-1100 rpm, and the stirring time after final volume adjustment is 50-70 minutes.

8. The method for preparing the feather modification treatment solution according to claim 5, characterized in that, In steps (2) and (4), a laser particle size analyzer is used to monitor the particle size of the system in real time; in step (2), an online pH meter and conductivity meter are used to monitor the stability of the system.

9. The application of the feather modification treatment liquid according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step A: Feather pretreatment: Select high-quality goose feathers, wash and dry them until the moisture content is <5%, and then screen them for later use; Step B: Precision immersion treatment, the pre-treated feathers are completely immersed in the treatment solution described in any one of claims 1-4, first under vacuum of -0.075 to -0.085 MPa for 1-3 minutes, then under normal pressure for 1-3 minutes, and then pulled out at a speed of 4-6 cm / min. Step C: Precision drying and shaping, using a gradient drying process, pre-drying at 38-42℃ for 20-40 minutes, drying at 58-62℃ for 50-70 minutes, and drying at 78-82℃ for 20-40 minutes in sequence, using a shaping mold to maintain the feather shape during the drying process; Step D: Post-processing, the dried feathers are re-moistened, and then quality inspection, grading and packaging are carried out.

10. The application of the feather modification treatment liquid according to claim 9, characterized in that, After the gradient drying process in step C, the breaking strength of the feathers increased by more than 30%; the rehumidification conditions in step D were: temperature 20±1℃, relative humidity 65±5%, and time 22-26 hours.

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