Intelligent early warning device for repairable hierarchical energy dissipation passive protection net

Abstract

This invention discloses a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protective netting intelligent early warning device, belonging to the field of geotechnical engineering and geological disaster prevention technology. The device includes a base, support pillars, a protective netting structure, anchor ropes, anti-tipping rope anchors, an energy dissipation mechanism, and an early warning module. The anchor ropes are equipped with a graded energy dissipation mechanism consisting of shear-type safety connection units and energy dissipation rings. The shear-type safety connection units have built-in shear screws with sensor chips, which can cut and trigger a wireless early warning when the force reaches a threshold. This invention achieves graded coordinated energy dissipation, main structure protection, rapid repairability, and low-cost intelligent early warning. It uses a high-performance synthetic fiber netting to improve durability, is suitable for slope rockfall protection, and can significantly reduce maintenance costs and improve the safety and operation efficiency of the protection system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering and geological disaster prevention technology, specifically relating to an intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection net. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional passive slope protection nets primarily rely on flexible netting and energy-absorbing rings to intercept and absorb the impact energy of falling rocks. The energy-absorbing rings irreversibly dissipate energy through their metal plastic deformation. However, this system has significant shortcomings: First, it is a single-use device; once damaged, the energy-absorbing ring must be replaced, resulting in high maintenance costs and long maintenance cycles. Second, the energy dissipation method is singular and lacks safety redundancy. When the impact energy exceeds the energy absorption limit of the energy-absorbing ring, the enormous impact force is directly transmitted to the main structure, such as supports and anchors, causing them to bend or pull out, leading to catastrophic failure of the entire system, which is extremely difficult and expensive to repair. Furthermore, traditional devices lack real-time status perception and early warning capabilities: existing devices operate in a "passive" response state, unable to monitor and assess their own health status (such as whether the energy-absorbing ring has activated or whether the structural stress is approaching a critical point). Managers cannot remotely and promptly obtain crucial information such as whether the protective net has been impacted, the extent of damage, and whether it still possesses protective capabilities. This "unknowable" state makes preventative maintenance and precise scheduling of repair resources difficult, with problems only being discovered during regular manual inspections or after obvious damage occurs, leaving a window of opportunity for potential safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection network intelligent early warning device, addressing the technical problems described in the background art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention: A repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protective net intelligent early warning device is used to warn of and intercept falling rocks on slopes. It includes several bases, with pillars hinged to the bases. A protective net structure is connected between the pillars. Anchor ropes are connected to the pillars, and energy dissipation mechanisms are installed on the anchor ropes. An anti-tipping rope anchor is connected to the end of the anchor rope away from the pillar. The anti-tipping rope anchor is pre-embedded on the slope. An early warning module is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism.

[0005] The anchor ropes include upper support anchor ropes, lower support anchor ropes, edge post anchor ropes, and middle post anchor ropes. The posts include edge posts installed at both ends of the protective net structure and middle posts installed in the middle of the protective net structure. The middle post anchor rope is connected to the top of the middle post, the upper support anchor rope is connected to the top of the edge post, the lower support anchor rope is connected to the bottom of the edge post, and the edge post anchor rope is connected to the top of the edge post.

[0006] At least one intermediate support anchor rope is installed at the top of the intermediate support, with one end of the intermediate support anchor rope connected to the top of the intermediate support and the other end fixed to the upward side of the slope through an anti-tipping rope anchor rod; two upper support anchor ropes and two lower support anchor ropes are installed respectively; one end of the edge support anchor rope is connected to the top of the edge support and the other end is connected to the upward side of the slope through an anti-tipping rope anchor rod; the upper support anchor rope and the lower support anchor rope are installed on one side of the extension surface of the protective net structure; and the energy dissipation mechanism is installed on the upper support anchor rope and the intermediate support anchor rope.

[0007] The energy dissipation mechanism includes a primary energy dissipation module and a secondary energy dissipation module, with the primary energy dissipation module located near one end of the support column.

[0008] The primary energy dissipation module consists of at least one shear-type safety connection unit.

[0009] The shear-type safety connection unit includes a shear screw, a pin, a buckle, and a connecting plate. The connecting plate has a U-shaped groove with a tightening opening at the opening of the U-shaped groove. The pin has a pull rope through hole at the top and the bottom of the pin is located inside the U-shaped groove and fixed by the shear screw. The buckle is located inside the tightening opening. The shear-type safety connection unit is connected to the anchor rope through the pull rope through hole and the bottom of the U-shaped groove.

[0010] The shearing screw consists of a nut and a screw rod. A chip is installed inside the screw rod, and the chip is connected to the early warning module via a data transmission line.

[0011] The secondary energy dissipation module consists of at least one energy dissipation ring, which is threaded onto the anchor rope.

[0012] The base is connected to anchor bolts at its bottom.

[0013] The protective net structure includes a grid mesh and a ring mesh, with the grid mesh located inside the ring mesh, and the pores of the grid mesh being no larger than those of the ring mesh.

[0014] The pull rope perforation is a round hole structure, and the bottom of the U-shaped groove is transitioned by a rounded corner.

[0015] The early warning module includes a wireless data acquisition terminal, a public network base station, a display terminal, an alarm, and a mobile terminal. The wireless data acquisition terminal is connected to the chip via a data transmission line, and the wireless data acquisition terminal is wirelessly connected to the display terminal, the alarm, and the mobile terminal via the public network base station.

[0016] The top of the grid mesh and the ring mesh are connected in series on two upper support anchor ropes, and the bottom is connected in series on a lower support anchor rope.

[0017] The bottom of the support column is connected to an auxiliary support rod, which is located on the side of the slope facing downwards.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) Graded coordinated energy dissipation: The shear-type safety connection unit serves as a pre-emptive mechanical safety measure to deal with the impact, providing a safety warning and redundancy for the subsequent energy dissipation ring to face potentially larger impacts.

[0019] (2) Protect the main structure: By sacrificing low-cost shear screws, the high-value pillars and anchors are absolutely protected, preventing catastrophic failure of the device.

[0020] (3) Repairable and reusable: After impact, the device function can be restored simply by replacing the standardized shear screws, realizing the transformation from "scrap" to "repair", and significantly reducing the total life cycle cost.

[0021] (4) Low-cost early warning: By combining low-cost shear screws with wireless acquisition and display terminals, the specific location of slope protection devices can be monitored, reducing the cost of manual inspection and improving management efficiency.

[0022] (5) By replacing traditional steel wire mesh with high-performance synthetic fiber mesh such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the problem of steel wire mesh being prone to corrosion and having relatively poor fatigue resistance is fundamentally solved, so that the first line of defense of the entire protection system has improved durability and environmental adaptability, forming a long-lasting protection system with internal graded energy dissipation intelligent devices. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent early warning device for the repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection net in this invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the energy dissipation ring and the shear-type safety connection unit in this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shear-type safety connection unit in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shear screw in this invention.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1-Shear-type safety connection unit, 2-Data transmission line, 3-Energy dissipation ring, 5-Grid mesh, 6-Ring mesh, 7-Base, 8-Auxiliary support rod, 9-Slope, 10-Anti-tipping rope anchor, 11-Ground anchor, 12-Post, 13-Pin, 14-Snap fastener, 15-Connecting plate, 16-Shear screw, 17-Chip, 18-Nut, 19-Screw, 22-Wireless acquisition terminal, 23-Public network base station, 24-Display terminal, 25-Alarm, 26-Mobile terminal, 41-Upper support anchor rope, 42-Lower support anchor rope, 43-Edge post anchor rope, 44-Middle post anchor rope, 121-Edge post, 122-Middle post, 131-Rope through hole, 151-U-shaped groove, 152-Tightening port. Detailed Implementation

[0028] refer to Figures 1-4 A repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protective net intelligent early warning device is used to warn of and intercept falling rocks on slope 9. It includes several bases 7, with pillars 12 hinged to the bases 7. A protective net structure is connected between the pillars 12. Anchor ropes are connected to the pillars 12. An energy dissipation mechanism is set on the anchor ropes. An anti-tipping rope anchor 10 is connected to the end of the anchor rope away from the pillar 12. The anti-tipping rope anchor 10 is pre-embedded on the slope 9. An early warning module is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism.

[0029] The anchor ropes include an upper support anchor rope 41, a lower support anchor rope 42, an edge support anchor rope 43, and a middle support anchor rope 44. The support 12 includes edge support columns 121 installed at both ends of the protective net structure and a middle support column 122 installed in the middle of the protective net structure. The middle support anchor rope 44 is connected to the top of the middle support column 122, the upper support anchor rope 41 is connected to the top of the edge support column 121, the lower support anchor rope 42 is connected to the bottom of the edge support column 121, and the edge support anchor rope 43 is connected to the top of the edge support column 121.

[0030] At least one intermediate support anchor rope 44 is provided at the top of the intermediate support 122, and one end of the intermediate support anchor rope 44 is connected to the top of the intermediate support 122, and the other end is fixed to the upward side of the slope 9 by the anti-tipping rope anchor rod 10; two upper support anchor ropes 41 and two lower support anchor ropes 42 are provided respectively; one end of the edge support anchor rope 43 is connected to the top of the edge support 121, and the other end is connected to the upward side of the slope 9 by the anti-tipping rope anchor rod 10; the upper support anchor rope 41 and the lower support anchor rope 42 are provided on one side of the extension surface of the protective net structure; the energy dissipation mechanism is provided on the upper support anchor rope 41 and the intermediate support anchor rope 44.

[0031] The edge support pillars 121 and the middle support pillars 122 are mainly used to support and stretch the protective netting structure. The anchor ropes are mainly used to hold the support pillars 12 in place and prevent them from tipping over under stress.

[0032] In practical applications, two anchor ropes 44 are installed in the middle support, with the angle between the two ropes between 60° and 150°; the upper support anchor rope 41 and the lower support anchor rope 42 are connected to the side of the edge support 121 away from the protective net structure.

[0033] The energy dissipation mechanism includes a primary energy dissipation module and a secondary energy dissipation module, with the primary energy dissipation module located at one end near the support column 12.

[0034] The primary energy dissipation module consists of at least one shear-type safety connection unit 1.

[0035] The shear-type safety connection unit 1 includes a shear screw 16, a pin 13, a buckle 14, and a connecting plate 15. The connecting plate 15 has a U-shaped groove 151 with a tightening opening 152 at the opening of the U-shaped groove 151. The pin 13 has a pull rope through hole 131 at its top and the bottom of the pin 13 is located inside the U-shaped groove 151 and fixed by the shear screw 16. The buckle 14 is located inside the tightening opening 152. The shear-type safety connection unit 1 is connected to the anchor rope through the pull rope through hole 131 and the bottom of the U-shaped groove 151.

[0036] The shearing screw 16 consists of a nut 18 and a screw 19. A chip 17 is installed inside the screw 19, and the chip 17 is connected to the early warning module through a data transmission line 2.

[0037] The housing, connecting plate 15, and chip 17 of the shear-type safety connection unit 1, which are non-force-bearing sensing components, can be made of high-strength engineering plastics, glass fiber reinforced composite materials, or alloys with special anti-corrosion treatment, in order to reduce weight, improve environmental resistance, corrosion resistance, and UV resistance.

[0038] The secondary energy dissipation module consists of at least one energy dissipation ring 3, which is threaded onto the anchor rope.

[0039] In this invention, the energy dissipation ring 3 can be made of special alloy steel with higher fatigue life and deformation capacity, or its surface can be coated with a wear-resistant and friction-reducing coating to extend its replacement cycle.

[0040] The main function of the energy dissipation mechanism is to reduce the impact force generated by falling rocks and ensure the safety of the device. In actual application, the primary energy dissipation module consists of one or more repairable shear-type safety connection units 1. The shear-type safety connection unit 1 includes shear screws 16, pins 13, latches 14, and connecting plates 15. A U-shaped card slot 151 is provided on the connecting plate 15, and a tightening opening 152 is provided at the opening of the U-shaped card slot 151. A pull rope perforation 131 is provided at the top of the pin 13. The bottom end of the pin 13 is arranged inside the U-shaped card slot 151 and fixed by the shear screw 16. The latch 14 is arranged in the tightening opening 152. The shear-type safety connection unit 1 is connected to the guy rope through the pull rope perforation 131 and the bottom end of the U-shaped card slot 151. The chip 17 includes a positioning chip and a pressure sensor chip. The positioning chip presets position information, and the pressure sensor chip presets a threshold value F1, that is, the designed shear force of the shear screw 16 is F1. The number of bolts can be adjusted according to the actual required F1 value; it is recommended to be 1 to 3, arranged in sequence along the pin and kept in the middle; when multiple bolts are arranged, they should be evenly arranged, and the distance between adjacent bolts should satisfy that the center line distance is not less than 2d.

[0041] The secondary energy dissipation module consists of at least one energy dissipation ring 3. The energy dissipation ring 3 is connected in series on the guy rope, and its designed activation threshold is F2.

[0042] The designed shear force of the shear screw 16 is F1, and the activation threshold of the energy dissipation ring 3 is F2. The mechanical relationship satisfies F1 < F2 < Fs, where Fs is the yield force of the bearing component in the support structure or anchoring device. This relationship is the design core to ensure hierarchical energy dissipation and protect the main structure. A pillar 12 is hinged on the base 7, and it can also be a structure with limited rotation to ensure that the pillar 12 can rotate rather than bend under impact and maintain elasticity.

[0043] The bottom of the base 7 is connected with a ground anchor bolt 11. This setting is mainly to reinforce the base 7, ensure that the base 7 is stable enough, and ensure that the base 7 is not pulled out.

[0044] The protective net structure includes a grille net 5 and an annular net 6. The grille net 5 is arranged inside the annular net 6, and the pores of the grille net 5 are not larger than those of the annular net 6.

[0045] The grille net 5 is mainly used to intercept small falling rock particles and has relatively small pores; the annular net 6 is used to intercept large falling rocks and also to block the grille net 5, playing a role in reinforcement.

[0046] The pull rope perforation 131 is a round hole structure, and the bottom end of the U-shaped card slot 151 is transitioned by a fillet.

[0047] The gap between the pull rope perforation 131 and the U-shaped card slot 151 facilitates the guy rope, thus facilitating the fastening connection; while the round hole structure and fillet transition can avoid stress concentration and extend the service life of this structure.

[0048] The early warning module includes a wireless acquisition terminal 22, a public network base station 23, a display terminal 24, an alarm 25, and a mobile terminal 26. The wireless acquisition terminal 22 is connected to the chip 17 via a data transmission line 2, and the wireless acquisition terminal 22 is wirelessly connected to the display terminal 24, the alarm 25, and the mobile terminal 26 via the public network base station 23.

[0049] The warning module is designed primarily for display and alerting purposes. In practical applications, the display terminal 24 is a monitor, the alarm 25 is a buzzer, and the mobile terminal 26 can be a smartphone or tablet.

[0050] The top ends of the grid mesh 5 and the ring mesh 6 are connected to two upper support anchor ropes 41, and the bottom ends are connected to lower support anchor ropes 42. The upper support anchor ropes 41 and lower support anchor ropes 42 are mainly used to connect the protective net structure.

[0051] The bottom of the support column 12 is connected to an auxiliary support rod 8, which is located on the downward side of the slope 9.

[0052] The auxiliary support rod 8 mainly serves to control the angle between the steel column and the ground, as well as to provide support.

[0053] In this invention, the grid mesh 5 serves as the first line of defense for directly intercepting falling rocks. The grid mesh 5 is preferably woven from high-strength synthetic fibers such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and aramid fiber, or their composite materials. These materials have a higher strength-to-weight ratio, excellent impact toughness, wear resistance, UV aging resistance, and chemical corrosion resistance. Compared to traditional steel wire rope nets, they significantly reduce the system's weight, extend the service life of the net in harsh environments, and reduce performance degradation caused by corrosion.

[0054] During use, when the entire device is impacted by falling rocks, the protective net structure is stressed, initiating the first-stage energy dissipation. The anchor rope first transmits the force to the shear-type safety connection unit 1. When the force reaches the pre-set value F1, the shear screw 16 is cut, and the buckle 14 and pin 13 undergo a small displacement, connecting with the connecting plate 15. The force continues to be transmitted to the connecting rope to the second-stage energy dissipation module, i.e., the energy dissipation ring 3. Upon the shear screw 16 being cut, a signal is sent to the wireless acquisition terminal 22 via the data transmission line 2. The wireless acquisition terminal 22 integrates the information and transmits it to the display terminal 24 and mobile terminal 26 via the public network base station 23. Combined with the alarm 25, positioning chip, and pressure sensor chip, it provides early warning information for the specified location, providing data for the safe operation and precise scheduling and maintenance of the slope protection net. Upon receiving the damage signal, management personnel can make a comprehensive judgment and take timely action, understanding the slope stability at that location. Maintenance personnel prepare the replacement parts in advance, and after replacing the damaged shear screw at the precisely located position, the component information on the display terminal 24 and mobile terminal 26 returns to normal.

[0055] Case 1 In use, this invention can be implemented using a multi-layered protective device arrangement. For example, in highway slope engineering, this device can be installed at three different heights within the same area. The length of the protective net structure is 20m, and the height difference is 10m. In this case, H=1.5m, l=3m, d=10m can be used. Two bolts of shear-type safety connection unit 1 are installed on the longitudinal support rope, with F1=92.472kN. These bolts are connected in series with the energy dissipation ring 3 (F2=154.368kN) on the upper support anchor rope 41 of ∅22, with r>22mm. The diameter of the edge support anchor rope 43 is ∅18, and the diameter of the middle support anchor rope 44 is ∅14. In this case, one shear-type safety connection unit 1 can be connected in series on one anchor rope on each side of a height. A total of 6 shear-type safety connection units 1 are installed in the passive protective net device at the three heights. The wireless acquisition terminal 22 is set in the middle of the middle passive protective net structure, 10m away from the first support, to facilitate the arrangement of the data transmission line 2.

[0056] In a rockfall impact, the top-level protective netting structure was the first to be impacted. Its corresponding shear-type safety connection unit 1 activated first, causing the shear screw 16 to undergo shear deformation. This deformation was transmitted via a pressure sensor chip. When the force reached F1, the shear screw 16 was sheared, and the positioning chip emitted a position signal. The subsequent energy-absorbing ring continued to absorb energy, undergoing plastic deformation, but the failure F2 was not yet reached. The middle and lower layers of the protective netting increased the highway's protection margin. Management personnel received an alarm on the device and obtained location information, allowing for timely dispatch of maintenance personnel to inspect and replace the intelligent shear elements. From the time the alarm was triggered and the personnel arrived at the scene, replacing a single shear screw could be completed within 10 minutes, promptly restoring the function of the passive protective netting. Compared to traditional netting systems that require replacing supports or large-scale repairs, this solution saves significant costs and time.

[0057] Case 2 In the application of this invention, a long-distance protective device is deployed. In the above-mentioned case, in a long passive protective net device, for example: 100m, H=1.5m, l=3m, d=10m, 11 support pillars are set up. The energy dissipation ring 3 (F2=154.368kN) is connected in series on the upper support anchor rope 41 of ∅22, r>22mm. The diameter of the edge support anchor rope 43 is ∅18, and the diameter of the middle support anchor rope 44 is ∅14. In this case, one shear-type safety connection unit 1 can be connected in series on the upper support anchor rope 41 and the lower support anchor rope 42 on both the left and right sides, for a total of 4 shear-type safety connection units 1. The shear-type safety connection unit 1 is equipped with 2 bolts, F1=92.472kN. The wireless acquisition terminal 22 is set in the middle of the passive protective net device, 50m away from the first support pillar. When multiple points of slope damage occur, the shear screws at multiple points send signals. At this time, management personnel receive an alarm on the device. Based on the location information, they can make a preliminary assessment of the extent of slope damage at that location, anticipating potential further damage. They can then prepare the necessary repair components and protective measures in advance and arrive at the site promptly for repairs. This device generates significant economic and social benefits throughout its entire lifecycle, manifested in significantly reduced maintenance costs, precise repairs, reduced major replacements, shorter maintenance cycles, and reduced costs associated with traffic control and manual inspections. The extended system lifespan translates to a longer asset depreciation period and a significantly higher return on investment. Social benefits include early detection of active slope areas through intelligent early warning, providing data support for geological disaster research; improving safety along highways and railways, protecting public life and property; and promoting the development of intelligent and refined operation and maintenance in the field of geological disaster prevention.

[0058] This invention has the following advantages: Tiered coordinated energy dissipation: The shear-type safety connection unit 1 serves as a pre-emptive mechanical safety measure to cope with impacts, providing a safety warning and redundancy for subsequent energy dissipation rings to face potentially larger impacts.

[0059] Protecting the main structure: By sacrificing the low-cost shear screws 16, the high-value pillars 12 and anchor bolts are absolutely protected, preventing catastrophic failure of the device.

[0060] Repairable and reusable: After impact, the device can be restored to function simply by replacing the standardized shear screw 16, realizing the transformation from "scrap" to "repair" and significantly reducing the total life cycle cost.

[0061] Low-cost early warning: By combining low-cost shear screws 16 with wireless acquisition terminals 22 and display terminals 24, the specific location of slope protection devices can be monitored, reducing the cost of manual inspection and improving management efficiency.

[0062] By replacing traditional steel wire mesh with high-performance synthetic fiber mesh such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the problems of steel wire mesh being prone to corrosion and having relatively poor fatigue resistance are fundamentally solved. This gives the first line of defense of the entire protection system a qualitatively improved durability and environmental adaptability, forming a long-lasting protection system that works synergistically with the internal graded energy dissipation intelligent device.

Claims

1. A repairable, graded energy-dissipating passive protective net intelligent early warning device, used for early warning and interception of falling rocks on a slope (9), characterized in that: It includes several bases (7), with pillars (12) hinged on the bases (7), and a protective net structure connecting the pillars (12). Anchor ropes are connected to the pillars (12), and an energy dissipation mechanism is provided on the anchor ropes. An anti-tipping rope anchor (10) is connected to the end of the anchor rope away from the pillar (12). The anti-tipping rope anchor (10) is pre-embedded on the slope (9). An early warning module is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism. The energy dissipation mechanism includes a primary energy dissipation module and a secondary energy dissipation module. The primary energy dissipation module is set at the end near the pillar (12). The primary energy dissipation module is composed of at least one shear-type safety connection unit (1). The secondary energy dissipation module is composed of at least one energy dissipation ring (3). The energy dissipation ring (3) is threaded on the anchor rope.

2. The intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor ropes include an upper support anchor rope (41), a lower support anchor rope (42), an edge support anchor rope (43), and a middle support anchor rope (44). The support (12) includes edge supports (121) installed at both ends of the protective net structure and a middle support (122) installed in the middle of the protective net structure. The middle support anchor rope (44) is connected to the top of the middle support (122), the upper support anchor rope (41) is connected to the top of the edge support (121), the lower support anchor rope (42) is connected to the bottom of the edge support (121), and the edge support anchor rope (43) is connected to the top of the edge support (121).

3. The intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection network according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one intermediate support anchor rope (44) is provided at the top of the intermediate support (122), and one end of the intermediate support anchor rope (44) is connected to the top of the intermediate support (122), and the other end is fixed to the upward side of the slope (9) by the anti-tipping rope anchor rod (10); two upper support anchor ropes (41) and two lower support anchor ropes (42) are provided respectively; one end of the edge support anchor rope (43) is connected to the top of the edge support (121), and the other end is connected to the upward side of the slope (9) by the anti-tipping rope anchor rod (10); the upper support anchor rope (41) and the lower support anchor rope (42) are provided on the extension surface of the protective net structure; and the energy dissipation mechanism is provided on the upper support anchor rope (41) and the intermediate support anchor rope (44).

4. The intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shear-type safety connection unit (1) includes a shear screw (16), a pin (13), a buckle (14) and a connecting plate (15). The connecting plate (15) has a U-shaped groove (151) and a tightening opening (152) at the opening of the U-shaped groove (151). The pin (13) has a pull rope through hole (131) at the top. The bottom end of the pin (13) is located inside the U-shaped groove (151) and is fixed by the shear screw (16). The buckle (14) is located inside the tightening opening (152). The shear-type safety connection unit (1) is connected to the anchor rope through the pull rope through hole (131) and the bottom end of the U-shaped groove (151).

5. The intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection network according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shearing screw (16) consists of a nut (18) and a screw (19). A chip (17) is installed inside the screw (19), and the chip (17) is connected to the early warning module through a data transmission line (2).

6. The intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (7) is connected to the bottom of the anchor rod (11).

7. The intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection network according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective net structure includes a grid mesh (5) and a ring mesh (6). The grid mesh (5) is located inside the ring mesh (6), and the pores of the grid mesh (5) are not larger than the pores of the ring mesh (6).

8. The intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection network according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pull rope perforation (131) is a round hole structure, and the bottom end of the U-shaped groove (151) is transitioned by a rounded corner.

9. The intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection network according to claim 5, characterized in that: The early warning module includes a wireless acquisition terminal (22), a public network base station (23), a display terminal (24), an alarm (25), and a mobile terminal (26). The wireless acquisition terminal (22) is connected to the chip (17) via a data transmission line (2), and the wireless acquisition terminal (22) is wirelessly connected to the display terminal (24), the alarm (25), and the mobile terminal (26) via the public network base station (23).

10. The intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection net according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the grid mesh (5) and the ring mesh (6) are connected in series on two upper support anchor ropes (41), and the bottom is connected in series on the lower support anchor rope (42).

11. The intelligent early warning device for a repairable, graded energy dissipation passive protection network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the support column (12) is connected to an auxiliary support rod (8), which is located on the downward side of the slope (9).

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