A passive protection system for preventing unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes

Abstract

This utility model discloses a passive protection system for preventing unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes, comprising a first protective net, a second protective net, and a monitoring and alarm device. The first protective net is installed at the junction of the steep and gentle slopes, and includes multiple first steel columns with a first net body between adjacent first steel columns. The lower edge of the first net body is at a certain height from the slope surface. The second protective net is installed at the toe of the slope, and includes multiple second steel columns with a second net body between adjacent second steel columns. The lower edge of the second net body is in contact with the slope surface. The monitoring and alarm device is used to issue an alarm after a rockfall collides with the first protective net. For steep natural slopes where in-situ support is not feasible, the passive protection system of this utility model still achieves good results, ensuring the safety of the slope engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope rockfall protection technology, specifically to a passive protection system for the prevention and control of dangerous rock masses on steep natural slopes. Background Technology

[0002] When unstable rock masses collapse and roll down steep natural slopes, they may fall almost freely. In areas with significant slope undulations, the rock mass may also bounce during the roll. However, due to limited construction conditions, it is difficult to provide in-situ support for high-elevation unstable rock masses during the prevention and control of unstable rock masses on steep slopes.

[0003] Currently, passive safety nets are commonly used to intercept falling rocks. However, existing passive safety nets are typically 3-6 meters high. During a rockfall, the bouncing height may exceed this range, rendering them ineffective. Alternatively, if the rockfall bounces above the passive safety net, the lack of upper support allows loose rocks to easily break through the net, posing a danger to people below. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a passive protection system for the prevention and control of dangerous rock masses on steep natural slopes, addressing the inability of existing passive protection nets to cope with the high bounce height caused by the collapse and rolling of dangerous rock masses. This passive protection device can achieve good results and ensure the safety of the project.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a passive protection system for preventing unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes, including a first protective net, a second protective net, and a monitoring and alarm device. The first protective net is installed at the junction of the steep and gentle slopes, and includes multiple first steel columns. A first net body is provided between adjacent first steel columns, and the lower edge of the first net body is at a certain height from the slope surface. The second protective net is installed at the toe of the slope, and includes multiple second steel columns. A second net body is provided between adjacent second steel columns, and the lower edge of the second net body is in contact with the slope surface. The monitoring and alarm device is used to issue an alarm after a rockfall collides with the first protective net.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lower edge of the first net body is 3-5 meters above the slope.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the height of the first steel column is 10-15 meters, and the height of the second steel column is 3-6 meters.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lower ends of both the first steel column and the second steel column are connected to the base set on the slope.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a base anchor rod for inserting into the slope is provided below the base.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the upper ends of both the first steel column and the second steel column are connected to the slope via anchor cables.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, one end of the anchor cable is fixed to the slope by an anchor cable anchor rod.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the first mesh body and the second mesh body include overlapping annular mesh and grid mesh.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the first net body is provided with a transverse support rope to improve the energy absorption capacity of the net body.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the monitoring and alarm device includes a vibration sensor, a voice broadcaster, and a controller; the vibration sensor is installed on the first steel column, and the voice broadcaster is installed at the toe of the slope; the vibration sensor is used to monitor the impact force generated by the collapse of the dangerous rock mass on the first steel column, and transmits the monitoring data to the controller, and the controller controls the voice broadcaster to provide a voice alarm prompt based on the magnitude of the monitored impact force data.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention utilizes a first protective net at the junction of steep and gentle slopes. Because the net is positioned at a certain height above the slope surface, it prevents damage to the net due to excessive height and resulting in insufficient bending moment in the central area. Simultaneously, the inclusion of transverse support ropes on the first net enhances its energy absorption capacity. During the rolling and bouncing of unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes, the increased coverage height of the first protective net significantly reduces the speed and bounce of the bouncing rock mass, allowing it to continue rolling down the gentler slope. A second protective net then intercepts the remaining rock mass at the toe of the slope. A monitoring and alarm device provides voice alerts to pedestrians and vehicles below the slope after a rockfall collides with the first protective net, allowing sufficient reaction time. Even on steep natural slopes where in-situ support is not feasible, this passive protection system effectively ensures the safety of the slope engineering. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the passive protection system for preventing dangerous rock masses on steep natural slopes in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first protective net in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second protective net in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring and alarm device in this utility model.

[0023] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0024] 1-First steel column, 2-First net body, 21-Transverse support rope, 3-Second steel column, 4-Second net body, 5-Base, 6-Base anchor rod, 7-Anchor cable, 8-Anchor cable and anchor rod, 91-Vibration sensor, 92-Voice broadcaster, 93-Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0028] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects before and after it have an "or" relationship.

[0030] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces), unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This application provides a passive protection system for preventing unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes, comprising a first protective net, a second protective net, and a monitoring and alarm device. The first protective net is located at the junction of the steep and gentle slopes, and includes multiple first steel columns 1. A first net body 2 is provided between adjacent first steel columns 1, and the lower edge of the first net body 2 is at a certain height from the slope surface. The second protective net is located at the toe of the slope, and includes multiple second steel columns 3. A second net body 4 is provided between adjacent second steel columns 3, and the lower edge of the second net body 4 is in contact with the slope surface. The monitoring and alarm device is used to issue an alarm after the unstable rock mass collapses and collides with the first protective net.

[0035] In this application, a first protective net is installed at the junction of steep and gentle slopes. Because the first net body 2 is at a certain height above the slope surface, it avoids the net body being too high, which would result in a smaller bending moment in the central area and damage to the net body. During the rolling and bouncing of unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes, the coverage height of the first protective net is greatly increased. After stopping the bouncing unstable rock masses, they continue to roll down the gentle slope, and their speed and bouncing are greatly improved. Then, a second protective net intercepts the unstable rock masses rolling to the toe of the slope. For steep natural slopes where in-situ support is not feasible, the passive protection system of this utility model still achieves good results, ensuring the safety of the slope engineering.

[0036] According to some embodiments of this application, the lower edge of the first net body 2 is 3-5 meters above the slope surface. Because the first net body 2 is at a certain height above the slope surface, when the unstable rock mass collapses and bounces, it can be effectively intercepted by the first net body 2, and then continue to roll down the gentle slope from below the first net body 2.

[0037] According to some embodiments of this application, the height of the first steel column 1 is 10-15 meters, and the height of the second steel column 3 is 3-6 meters. Since the lower edge of the first netting 2 is 3-5 meters above the slope surface, and the height of the first netting 2 is equal to the height of the top of the first steel column 1, setting the height of the first steel column 1 to 10-15 meters will significantly increase the coverage height of the first protective netting during the rolling and bouncing of unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes. The height of the second steel column 3 is 3-6 meters, thus the height of the second netting 4 is also 3-6 meters, used to intercept falling rocks that roll to the foot of the slope.

[0038] According to some embodiments of this application, the lower ends of the first steel column 1 and the second steel column 3 are both connected to the base 5 provided on the slope. Specifically, the lower ends of the first steel column 1 and the second steel column 3 can be rotatably connected to the base 5 by bolts, which facilitates the adjustment of the inclination angle of the first steel column 1 and the second steel column 3 relative to the slope.

[0039] According to some embodiments of this application, the base 5 is provided with base anchor rods 6 inserted into the slope below it. That is, the base 5 is fixed to the slope by multiple base anchor rods 6 inserted into the slope below it. Specifically, the fixing method of the base 5 on the slope can refer to the embodiments in the prior art.

[0040] According to some embodiments of this application, the upper ends of both the first steel column 1 and the second steel column 3 are connected to the slope via anchor cables 7. Since the lower ends of the first steel column 1 and the second steel column 3 are connected to the base 5 on the slope, and the upper ends of the first steel column 1 and the second steel column 3 are then connected to the slope via anchor cables 7, the tilt angle of the first steel column 1 and the second steel column 3 can be changed by adjusting the length of the anchor cables 7. At the same time, the anchor cables 7 are used to hold the upper ends of the first steel column 1 and the second steel column 3, thereby withstanding the impact of falling rocks.

[0041] According to some embodiments of this application, one end of the anchor cable 7 is fixed to the slope by an anchor cable anchor rod 8. That is, the anchor cable anchor rod 8 is constructed on the slope, and one end of the anchor cable 7 is fixedly connected to the anchor cable anchor rod 8. Specifically, the method of fixing the anchor cable 7 on the slope can refer to the embodiments in the prior art.

[0042] According to some embodiments of this application, the anchor cable 7 is provided with a pressure-reducing ring (not shown in the figure). The aforementioned pressure-reducing ring is mainly used to absorb the impact kinetic energy of falling rocks and prevent the anchor cable 7 from breaking due to overload.

[0043] According to some embodiments of this application, both the first mesh body 2 and the second mesh body 4 include overlapping ring mesh and grid mesh. The aforementioned ring mesh can be a ROCCO ring mesh, and the grid mesh can be iron wire or steel wire grid mesh. In this application, by using the ring mesh and grid mesh overlapping, not only is it flexible and impact-resistant, but it can also improve the interception rate of small-sized falling rocks by the first mesh body 2 and the second mesh body 4.

[0044] According to some embodiments of this application, the first net body 2 is provided with transverse support ropes 21 to improve the energy absorption capacity of the net body. That is, the arrangement direction of the transverse support ropes 21 is perpendicular to the height direction of the first steel column 1, and multiple transverse support ropes 21 can be arranged at intervals to further improve the energy absorption capacity of the first net body 2. The transverse support ropes 21 are connected to the first steel column 1, and the transverse support ropes 21 are alternately woven through the mesh of the first net body 2 from both sides in order to better restrict the position on the first net body 2.

[0045] According to some embodiments of this application, the monitoring and alarm device includes a vibration sensor 91, a voice announcer 92, and a controller 93; the vibration sensor 91 is installed on the side of the first steel column 1 away from the falling rock, and the voice announcer 92 is installed at the toe of the slope; the vibration sensor 91 is used to monitor the impact force generated by the collapse of the dangerous rock mass on the first steel column 1, and transmits the monitoring data to the controller 93, and the controller 93 controls the voice announcer 92 to provide a voice alarm prompt according to the magnitude of the monitored impact force data.

[0046] If a rockfall from a steep natural slope causes a bounce, the resulting rockfall poses a significant danger to pedestrians or vehicles below the slope. However, if the rockfall does not bounce but rolls down the slope to the foot, it can be intercepted by the second protective netting at the foot of the slope. Therefore, the monitoring and alarm device in this application primarily monitors the condition of the first protective netting.

[0047] When the collapsed rock mass bounces and impacts the first protective net, the first steel column 1 will be subjected to a corresponding impact force. Therefore, the vibration sensor 91 monitors the impact force of the collapsed rock mass on the first steel column 1 and transmits the monitoring data to the controller 93. When the impact force on the first steel column 1 exceeds the preset value, the voice broadcaster 92 is controlled to issue a voice alarm prompt.

[0048] It should be noted that the monitoring and alarm device can be powered by solar cells, but the solar cells must be installed in a location where they are not easily struck by falling rocks. Meanwhile, the controller 93 can be connected to the vibration sensor 91 and the voice announcer 92 via wireless or wired communication. When using wired communication, the communication line must be protected from damage.

[0049] The monitoring and alarm device installed in this application can provide voice alarm prompts to pedestrians or vehicles below the slope after the collapse of the dangerous rock mass and the collision of falling rocks with the first protective net, allowing for a certain reaction time.

[0050] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A passive protection system for preventing unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes, characterized in that, The system includes a first protective net, a second protective net, and a monitoring and alarm device. The first protective net is installed at the junction of steep and gentle slopes. The first protective net includes multiple first steel columns, with a first net body between adjacent first steel columns. The lower edge of the first net body is at a certain height from the slope surface. The second protective net is installed at the toe of the slope. The second protective net includes multiple second steel columns, with a second net body between adjacent second steel columns. The lower edge of the second net body is in contact with the slope surface. The monitoring and alarm device is used to issue an alarm after a rockfall collides with the first protective net.

2. The passive protection system for preventing unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower edge of the first net body is 3-5 meters above the slope.

3. The passive protection system for preventing and controlling unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first steel column has a height of 10-15 meters, and the second steel column has a height of 3-6 meters.

4. The passive protection system for preventing and controlling unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower ends of both the first and second steel columns are connected to the bases set on the slope.

5. The passive protection system for preventing and controlling unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base is provided with a base anchor rod that is inserted into the slope.

6. The passive protection system for preventing and controlling unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper ends of both the first and second steel columns are connected to the slope via anchor cables.

7. The passive protection system for preventing unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the anchor cable is fixed to the slope by the anchor cable anchor rod.

8. The passive protection system for preventing and controlling unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second mesh bodies include overlapping ring meshes and grid meshes.

9. The passive protection system for preventing unstable rock masses on steep natural slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first net body is equipped with transverse support ropes to improve the net body's energy absorption capacity.

10. The passive protection system for preventing dangerous rock masses on steep natural slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring and alarm device includes a vibration sensor, a voice broadcaster, and a controller; the vibration sensor is installed on the first steel column, and the voice broadcaster is installed at the toe of the slope; the vibration sensor is used to monitor the impact force of the collapsed rock mass on the first steel column and transmit the monitoring data to the controller, which controls the voice broadcaster to provide a voice alarm based on the magnitude of the monitored impact force data.

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