367 results about "Rockfall" patented technology

The invention provides a railway side slope crag rockfall monitoring and warning system based on a fiber grating sensing technology. The system provided by the invention comprises on-site monitoring equipment and monitoring control equipment. wherein the on-site monitoring equipment is used for monitoring the rock mass deformation and looseness of an active network protection zone of a railway line side slope and monitoring crag rockfall by using as flexible passive network as a monitoring carrier; the monitoring control equipment is connected with the on-site monitoring equipment; the on-site monitoring equipment comprises a rock mass deformation and looseness monitoring subsystem, a rockfall broken network monitoring and warning subsystem and a rockfall state monitoring subsystem which are connected with the monitoring control equipment; and the monitoring control equipment comprises a fiber terminal box (9), a fiber grating signal demodulator (10), a network switch (11) and a computer system (12) which are sequentially connected. According to the invention, the accuracy of a railway crag rockfall warning and monitoring technology is enhanced and the train transport operation safety is better guaranteed.

An embodiment of the invention provides a visual analysis based mountain railway side slope rockfall detecting method. The method mainly comprises collecting an image of a mountain railway, performing local linear detection and Hough exchange on the image and obtaining an image of a railway area; performing differential treatment and binaryzation segmentation process on the image of the railway image and obtaining a foreground target image; constructing a classifier based on a well-trained deep network and inputting the foreground target image into the classifier and judging whether the foreground target image belongs to the target image containing rockfall or not according to an output result of the classifier. According to the embodiment of the invention, the railway area is identified at first, then the image in the railway area is segmented, the foreground target is detected, and finally the target is classified through deep learning and interference targets are removed. The scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has advantages of wide detection range, low cost and the like of a video analysis method. At the same time, the rockfall image detection accuracy is improved.

The invention discloses a railway rockfall early warning system and method. The railway rockfall early warning system comprise a fiber bragg grating vibration sensing part, a fiber bragg grating demodulating instrument and an analyzing and alarming device, wherein the fiber bragg grating vibration sensing part is provided with a fiber bragg grating suitable for generating strains along with the vibration of a track; the fiber bragg grating demodulating instrument is used for guiding light emitted by a light source to the fiber bragg grating, receiving light reflected back from the fiber bragg grating and outputting an electric signal reflecting wavelength variation, caused by the strains, of the reflected light; and the analyzing and alarming device is used for acquiring the wavelength variation information of the light reflected back from the fiber bragg grating so as to determine whether to give out an alarm on the fault of the track. The invention also relates to a railway rockfall early warning method, comprising the following steps of: providing the fiber bragg grating generating strains along with the vibration of the track; acquiring the electric signal reflecting the wavelength variation of the light reflected back from the fiber bragg grating through the fiber bragg grating demodulating instrument; acquiring the wavelength variation information of the light reflected back from the fiber bragg grating on the basis of the electric signal; and determining whether to give out an alarm on the basis of the wavelength variation information.

The invention relates to the field of railway construction, and in particular relates to an adjacent existing railway steep mountain loosen control blast construction method, comprising a pre-protecting step and a blasting step; the pre-protecting step comprise procedures of reinforcing and constraining an anchor rod steel wire gauze, exerting horizontal constraining force, building a concrete stopping retaining wall, mounting a profile steel protecting frame bent, and constructing a rock fall groove and a bamboo protecting frame bent; the blasting step comprises a trail blasting step and a formal blasting step; the trail blasting step comprises the procedures of minor diameter shallow hole control blasting, minor diameter air drill vertical drilling, large diameter deep hole control blasting and mechanical crushing. By designing the blasting order and screening the blasting parameter, the blasted rolling stones are effectively controlled, the security of the operation railway is guaranteed, the blasting harmful effect control such as blasting vibration and blasting flyrock can achieve rule and scene safety requirement, and the interference to surroundings is maximally reduced.

The invention discloses a spray-sowing slope protection structure for a steep rock side slope. The spray-sowing slope protection structure is composed of a supporting reinforcing assembly and planting matrix, wherein the supporting reinforcing assembly comprises a galvanized iron wire mesh, planting strips, an active protective net and an anchor rod; the galvanized iron wire mesh is suspended on the slope surface of a side slope; the planting strips are long-strip bags which are sewn by non-woven fabrics, and planting soil mixed with a fertilizer are contained in the long-strip bags; the long-strip bags are alternated and horizontally arranged along the slope surface, and are tied on the galvanized iron wire mesh by iron wires; the active protective net is laid and suspended outside the planting strips; and the active protective net is fixed on the slope surface by virtue of the anchor rod. The planting matrix is a mixture of soil, organic substances, a binder, a fertilizer, a water-retaining agent, a PH regulator and plant seeds, is prepared by uniformly stirring the mixture, and is sprayed on the slope surface with the planting strips; and the planting matrix is 10 cm thick. A setting method for the slope protection structure comprises the following steps: renovating the slope surface, laying and hanging the galvanized iron wire mesh, laying the planting strips, laying and suspending the active protective net, and spraying the planting matrix. According to the spray-sowing slope protection structure, a side slope reinforcement and protection technology and a green protection technology are organically combined together to achieve the effects of preventing rockfall, guaranteeing side slope stability, afforestation and environmental protection.

The present invention is rockfall preventing method and flexible rockfall guiding and preventing net. The flexible rockfall guiding and preventing net with width greater than the protected section and sufficient height for stopping rockfall and guiding the rockfall to safety position is suspended with uprights in the protected area. The net has the upper edge suspended to the uprights and the lower end opening drawn to the massif to guide the rockfall to required position. The net has parts capable of moving with the shock of rockfall to produce corresponding deformation, and has position limiters set on its two sides. The present invention may be used widely for various kinds of rockfall preventing engineering for montanic railway, highway and building.

The invention relates to a side slope rockfall cushioning and protection system. The side slope rockfall cushioning and protection system is formed by laminating a plurality of protection layers, and each protection layer is divided into two units, namely one passive protection unit and one energy-reducing buffer unit. The quantity of the protection layers is determined according to the oblique length of a side slope, a net distance between two adjacent protection layers is 20m to 25m, and a net distance between the passive protection unit and the energy-reducing buffer unit in the same protection layer is 8m to 10m. A first passive protection unit in the passive protection units consists of a steel-column supporting structure, a cat anchor structure, a continuous protection net and a detachable-type protection net; from the second protection layer, each passive protection unit consists of a steel-column supporting structure, a cat anchor structure and a continuous protection net; each energy-reducing buffer unit consists of a triangular supporting structure and high-elasticity meshes. By adopting the slope rockfall cushioning and protection system, the falling energy of the side slope rockfall can be reduced, the impact force of the rockfall for the protection net can be reduced, the accumulation problem of the rockfall in the system can be effectively solved, the consumption amount of materials is greatly reduced, and the engineering construction cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a multi-index extensible evaluation method for dangerous rock falling ricks in tunnel and underground engineering. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, establishing a dangerous rock falling risk evaluation index system according to main factors inducing side slope dangerous rock mass collapse; 2, establishing a grading standard for dangerous rock falling risk evaluation and determining a dangerous rock falling risk evaluation grade; 3, quantifying or correcting an evaluation index parameter, namely, normalizing and scalarizing a qualitative index, and describing the qualitative index to a certain extent by using a numerical value form; 4, establishing a classical domain, a joint domain, a to-be-evaluated matter element and an extensible model of a to-be-evaluated dangerous rock matter element; 5, collecting to-be-evaluated dangerous rock data, determining a weight of each risk evaluation index by adoption of a single correlation function method, and calculating a correlation function value of the to-be-evaluated dangerous rock matter element; and 6, evaluating the dangerous rock falling risk, and calculating a grade variable feature value of the to-be-evaluated matter element so as to obtain a collapse rock falling risk grade of a to-be-evaluated dangerous rock at a portal section of a tunnel.

A slope anti-rockfall guard net comprises cable anchor poles (1), cable nets (4) and steel wire meshes (5); the cable anchor pole (1) is a steel rod, and buried in a slope protection area; the steel wire mesh (5) is paved on a protection grid cell, close to a slope surface, and binding wires can tie and fix the steel wire mesh with vertical support ropes (2) and transverse support ropes (3); the cable net (4) is paved on the top surface of the steel wire mesh(5), and stitching ropes can stitch the cable net with vertical support ropes (2) and transverse support ropes (3). The slope anti-rockfall guard net and a construction method thereof are reasonable in guide net preparation step design, simple in operation, and the prepared guide net is strong and durable, obvious in effect, can intercept road slope rockfall, thus reducing rockfall damages in the road usage process.

The invention discloses a protective method and structure for preventing rockfall dangers at a high and steep slope of a mountain road. A plurality of arch-shaped frames (1) are mounted on a road surface (9), each arch-shaped frame (1) is connected by a connecting beam (2), support ribs (3) are installed to form a canopy frame skeleton, and the canopy frame is connected with a foundation through an independent foundation (7) and foundation joint bars (8). A reinforced steel net (6) is paved and hung on the scaffold framework to serve as a stone blocking buffer of the canopy frame structure, and the reinforced steel net (6) is composed of a steel wire rope net and a steel wire net; the steel wire net is hung on the surface of the steel wire rope net, and the meshes of the two nets are different. The protective method and structure provided by the invention overcomes poor constructability of a slope safety netting system, overcomes defects of a traditional reinforced concrete shed tunnel having heavy self weight and high requirement on the bearing force of the foundation, has the advantages of convenient construction, low cost and reliable protection, and is worthy of popularization.

The invention provides a method for preparing a vertical rockfall blocking net, comprising the steps as follows: the strength and range of slope protection are determined and the construction condition is determined; a supporting structure of the rockfall protecting net is arranged on the slope; wasted tyre nets are arranged; and the clearance of the wasted tyre nets is filled up. The method not only can achieve the objective of preventing and reducing the rockfall disasters, but also can achieve the national strategic objective of utilizing the waste resource by consuming a plurality of wasted tyre.

The invention aims at providing a mine rockfall braking rope friction plate drum damper, relating to the mine safety device technical field. Two snub ropes are fixed on a drum and symmetrically wound, the other ends of the two snub ropes are merged and connected with a connector or braking rope, the drum is in running fit with a spindle by a connecting piece on the drum and a bearing, the cavity of the drum is fixed with an outside friction disc which can slide axially along the drum, the spindle is fixed with an internal friction plate which can slide axially, the two friction plates are staggered each other in axial direction, and a pressure spring and a pressure adjusting structure and a snub rope pull-out preventing structure are arranged. The invention can solves the problems that braking force of steel rope spiral damper is uncertain and the braking force is difficult to be marked accurately when in use. The invention has the characteristics of reliable braking, stable braking force, convenient braking force adjustment, longer braking distance, good safety, convenient snub rope regulation, convenient braking force test and convenient tensioning of braking rope.

The invention discloses a landslide monitoring and alarming method and device base on laser ranging, and belongs to the technical field of disaster prevention and reduction. By means of a solar power supply system, the device is composed of a laser range finder, a three-dimension rotary support, a monitoring alarming host and a baffle board. The device is installed outside a landslide body, the baffle board is installed in the landslide body, and the distance change between the device and the baffle board is accurately measured by the laser range finder to monitor the displacement of the landslide. The device has the advantages that the monitoring mode is contactless, the measurement accuracy is high, the capacity of resisting disturbance is strong, the environmental influence is small and the device cannot be influenced by terrain, the size is small, the weight is small, the installation is flexible and convenient, and the monitoring site is not needed to be watched by people. By means of the spot check mode of sampling at regular time intervals or at any time, the high-accuracy, high-reliability, real-time, continuous, long-distance and wireless monitoring and alarming can be conducted on the landslide body automatically. The device can be widely applied to monitor and alarm mountain landslide, collapse and rockfall automatically.

The invention provides a method for treating dangerous rock bodies of an expressway tunnel entrance. The method for treating the dangerous rock bodies of the expressway tunnel entrance comprises the following steps of clearing the dangerous rock bodies within a tunnel entrance slope range before the excavation of the tunnel entrance; carrying out spray anchor protection within the tunnel entrancedangerous rock body range according to a design drawing; arranging a passive protection net within the dangerous rock body range at a slope position above the tunnel entrance so as to effectively protect against loose rockfalls caused by blasting disturbance, weather reasons and geological reasons on the upside in the main tunnel construction process; and after the geological condition within theslope dangerous rock body range is comparatively stable, implementing an active protection net within the dangerous rock body range by using an anchoring rod of shotcrete-bolt support so as to furtherincrease safety coefficients of tunnel construction period and operational period.

The invention discloses a test system and method of a bearing monitoring model under impact of a slope rockfall protection structure. The system comprises a test stand, a slope body simulation unit, adata collection unit, a protection structure and a rockfall movement mechanism, the slope body simulation unit is arranged in the upper end of the test stand, and comprises slope bodies with different slope angles, the rockfall movement mechanism which can drive a rock to move among the different slope bodies is arranged in the top ends of the slope bodies, the protection structure is arranged inthe bottom ends of the slope bodies, and the data collection unit is arranged in the protection structure. Thus, rockfall impact on the protection structure of the preset slope body can be monitored.

This patent application is submitted for a CNC/ILDS sleeve and RC removable collar designed to provide a means of protecting fence cables and posts. Without such protection a conventional rock fall protection fence frequently fails upon impact from large falling rocks spinning at a high angular velocity and with an immense momentum, as demonstrated in many rock fall-induced fence failures. CNC/ILDS sleeves embrace a cable or post to deflect falling rocks spinning at a high angular velocity and associated impact forces and, thereby, protect them by avoiding detrimental blows from the falling rocks. The RC (removable collar) is used when two different-size CNC/ILDS sleeves are used. This is to avoid a smaller sleeve from slipping into a larger one and to assure the protection that CNC/ILDS sleeve is designed for. Additionally, the RC collar also enhances the constructability and eases the maintenance of a rock fall mitigation fence system. In summary, the CNC/ILDS sleeve together with the RC removable collar embraces the fence cable and post, provides a means of their protection, and enhances the safety of traveling motorists.

The invention relates to a cavern protection method for preventing rock fall in lower high steep and narrow cavern sections of a tunnel. The method comprises the following steps of: a, forming roundabout branch holes climbed close to the cavern top elevation of the vertical upper part of the tunnel on tunnel side walls on two sides of a cavern respectively, and developing a plurality of longitudinal branch holes communicating the cavern between the roundabout branch holes on the two sides of the cavern on vertical upper part of the tunnel; b, arranging a longitudinal beam spanning the cavern in each longitudinal branch hole, and supporting two ends of the longitudinal beam in the longitudinal branch holes on two sides of the cavern respectively; c, transversely loading supporting plates serving as bottom supports on a plurality of longitudinal beams; and d, pouring concrete to the top of the cavern on the supporting plates to protect the tunnel on the lower part. The longitudinal beams arranged in the longitudinal branch holes, the supporting plates and the concrete structure are used for actively protecting the top surface of the cavern so as to prevent the unstable rock on the top surface of the cavern from falling and ensure the construction and operation safety.

The invention discloses a portable scene monitoring radar system. The system comprises a radar body and a monitoring client in communication connection with the radar body. The radar body comprises atransmitting-receiving antenna module, a microwave transmitting-receiving module, a signal processing module and a communication module; the microwave transmitting-receiving module generates a radar emission signal which is radiated by the transmitting-receiving antenna module, and the transmitting-receiving antenna module transmits a received radar echo signal to the microwave transmitting-receiving module; the signal processing module outputs monitoring radar measurement information according to a baseband signal output by the microwave transmitting-receiving module; the communication moduletransmits the monitoring radar measurement information to the monitoring client; and the monitoring client displays the monitoring radar measurement information. The system can be used to monitor a moving target within a relatively near distance in a scene in a real-time all-time way and emits alarm, position and angle information of the target is measured, and services are provide for airport foreign matter monitoring, landslide rockfall safety monitoring and safety area monitoring application.

The invention relates to an automatic monitoring alarm method and system for a railway line obstacle. An axle counter device is arranged on steel rails at the two ends of a line obstacle monitoring zone, to monitor whether a train occupies the zone; a laser scanning device and a vibration sensor are adopted to monitor the line obstacle condition; whether an alarm is to be given is judged by combining the laser scanning information, vibration information and train occupation information. According to the invention, the train occupation condition of a railway rockfall section is monitored through the axle counter device with high reliability, the train vehicle can be accurately monitored, the false alarm caused by running of the train vehicle is eliminated, the false alarm rate of the automatic monitoring alarm system for the line obstacle through laser scanning is greatly reduced, and the availability of the system is effectively improved; a signal track circuit and transmission of train control information are not affected by the installation of the axle counter device, and the method and system can be used in a variety of block sections and train control modes, and have practicability.

The invention discloses a tunnel collapse rockfall full-automatic real-time monitoring-early warning system and method. The tunnel collapse rockfall full-automatic real-time monitoring-early warning system comprises an information acquisition unit, an information transmission unit, an information analysis unit and an early warning unit, wherein the information acquisition unit acquires image and video information of each fault surface inside a tunnel, determines an optimal observation position, performs compensation and leveling on the acquired information and transmits the processed information to the information analysis unit through the information transmission unit, and the information analysis unit analyzes the monitored information, set an early warning level for different types of collapse and forecasts according to the early warning level. The system and method disclosed by the invention solve problems in tunnel monitoring and measurement that that manual measurement is poor in timeliness and a safety evaluation system is not standard.

The invention discloses a vibration signal grading judgment recognition method. On account of defects of lack of combination and using of multiple analysis methods and aiming at improving vibration signal analysis precision, the invention provides the vibration signal multistage recognition method achieving improving identification precision by adopting different signal analysis indexes and analysis methods on different identification stage layers and combining amplitude analysis, energy analysis and frequency analysis into one. According to the method, a computing center executes the steps of de-noising processing, signal I level identification of an amplitude index, signal II level identification based on FFT transformation and signal III level identification based on STFT transformation after subtracting an amplitude signal with an initial time, and finally judges whether target vibration occurs or not. The invention further discloses a rockfall energy scale computing method and a rockfall risk early warning method. The vibration signal grading judgment recognition method, the rockfall energy scale computing method and the rockfall risk early warning method have the advantages of being reliable in theory, scientific and simple in computing process, simple in implement apparatus, convenient to install, high in measuring result precision, and especially suitable for the demand of the engineering field.

The invention discloses a dangerous rock falling stone alarm system and a method for dangerous rock falling stone alarm. The system comprises a detection net, a detection unit, a signal processing and operation recording unit, a detection alarm unit, a manual control unit, a field acousto-optic alarm unit and a power supply module, wherein the five units are connected in a wired mode; the detection unit comprises a sensor set and a monitoring processing circuit, each sensor of the sensor set is arranged on an upright post of the detection net, and the sensors provide signals that the detection net is struck by falling stones for the signal processing and operation recording unit in time; the signal processing and operation recording unit monitors the sensor signals on the detection net, controlling and starting the detection alarm unit and the field acousto-optic alarm unit after the signals that the detection net is struck by the dangerous stones are detected, and recording all operations and disaster information; and the manual control unit can manually control and start the field acousto-optic alarm unit. The alarm system and the alarm method do not depend on the services provided by a third party, and have high alarm reliability and instantaneity.

To provide rock fall prevention structure and rock fall prevention method capable of preventing the collapse of surface layer and preventing the falling of identified rock masses. Slope (1) is covered with a net assembly (2) constructed of rope materials (3) and (4) combined in intersectional directions and a wire net connected thereto. The rope materials (3) and (4) of the net assembly (2) are anchored into slope (1) using anchors (6). The anchors (6) are inserted into slope (1) to stabilize a surface layer of the slope (1), giving the anchors (6) and the net assembly (2) a strength able to suppress the movement of identified rock masses (22) at slope (1). Using the anchors (6) will be able to prevent the surface layer of slope (1) from collapsing and at the same time, using the anchors (6) and the net assembly (2) will be able to suppress the movement and falling of the identified rock masses (22) at slope (1).

The present invention relates to a brick block for building protection shore which can be piled vertically or in step form on the protection shore or glacis to prevent the rockfall and soil sand from sliding from the shore or glacis, and can generate inhabit hole, thereby not only beautifies the environment but also provides habitat for birds (small birds). Further explanation is that, the brick block for building protection shore related in the invention forms a projecting part having inhabit holes in the front and a space part through from up to down in the rear side, the two sides of the brick block main body integrated by the inhabit holes and the space part are protruding outside to form an edge platform, the two sides of the edge platform are formed with inclining surfaces with certain angle toward back, the bottom of the inhabit holes formed on the projecting part are disposed with plural rows of water discharging holes. When building the protection shore, the construction worker can easily pile the brick blocks by fixing bolt, so the construction period is shortened, and after the construction is finished, the inhabit holes formed on the protection shore are assort with the surrounding, can beautify environment and also can provides inhabit space for honeybees and birds.

The invention provides a construction method of a road slope driving protection net system. The construction method of the road slope driving protection net system comprises the steps of trimming a slope, determining hole positions, drilling holes, mounting anchor rods, mounting supporting ropes, mounting grid networks, bundling up supporting rope networks and the grid networks, and mounting steelrope networks. According to the provided technical scheme, the supporting rope networks, the steel rope networks and the anchor rods are combined to form a road protection system which replaces a traditional slope protection system formed by concreting, the manufacturing and construction costs are reduced, local regions with densely developed internal surrounding rock joints or local regions withcollapse risks of a road slope are protected mainly, thus, the local dangerous regions are connected with regions with relatively stable internal surrounding rock of the road slope through the supporting rope networks, the steel rope networks and the anchor rods, the probability of rockfall, flying stones and collapse is reduced, thus, the protection system has good thermal stability, the servicelife of the protection system is prolonged, and the protection effect is improved.