Integrated machine and construction method for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arch

Abstract

This invention discloses a rapid replacement machine and construction method for tunnel invert arches, comprising: an arc-shaped mounting base disposed on a moving unit; and multiple first hydraulic cylinders disposed circumferentially on the outer surface of the arc-shaped mounting base. Each first hydraulic cylinder has a pressure plate mounted on its output rod. The first hydraulic cylinders drive the pressure plate to contact the inner surface of the lining structure, and support the lining structure through the pressure plate. This invention integrates crushing, precast block transfer, and lining structure support functions. Except for cleaning and removing slag from the crushed invert arch, no special equipment is required for entry and exit, resulting in low coordination difficulty and high invert arch replacement efficiency. Multiple crushing modules are used to crush the invert arch to be demolished. The working faces of the multiple crushing modules can be adjusted by a third hydraulic cylinder, thus adapting to invert arches of various shapes, avoiding over-excavation and backfilling problems, thereby further improving the invert arch replacement efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of highway tunnel operation and maintenance technology, and in particular to an integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In operating highway tunnels, the invert arch, as a crucial load-bearing structure at the tunnel bottom, is constantly subjected to dynamic loads from vehicles and groundwater, making it prone to cracking, damage, and bulging. In severe cases, replacement is necessary. The current invert arch replacement procedure involves the sequential deployment of various equipment, including hydraulic breakers, excavators, and loaders, to break up the old invert arch (by the hydraulic breaker) and remove the slag (by the excavator and loader). Then, new invert arch concrete is poured or precast blocks are transported and installed. Once the new invert arch reaches sufficient strength, the highway tunnel is restored to normal operation. However, this method has the following technical drawbacks: 1. Functional fragmentation: The crushing, slag removal, casting or precast block transfer processes rely on different specialized equipment, requiring multiple entry and exit points, making coordination difficult.

[0003] 2. Inverts generally have a certain curvature, and breaking equipment such as hydraulic breakers are difficult to adapt to the curvature of inverts, which can easily cause over-excavation and backfilling problems, thus affecting the efficiency of invert replacement.

[0004] 3. When the old invert arch breaks, the arch foot of the lining structure loses its support, and the overall tunnel support structure is not formed into a ring. Before the new invert arch reaches its strength, the lining structure is prone to cracking and deformation.

[0005] In view of this, how to provide a tunnel invert rapid replacement integrated machine and its construction method that can partially or completely overcome the above-mentioned technical defects is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated machine and construction method for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches, comprising: An arc-shaped mounting base is provided on the moving unit; Multiple first hydraulic cylinders are arranged circumferentially on the outer surface of the arc-shaped mounting base. A pressure plate is provided on the output rod of the first hydraulic cylinder. The first hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the pressure plate to contact the inner surface of the lining structure and to support the lining structure through the pressure plate.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes: The second hydraulic cylinder, the moving unit includes a base plate and a moving wheel located below the base plate, the second hydraulic cylinder is arranged at a distance from the moving wheel and is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the base plate; A support plate is mounted on the output rod of the second hydraulic cylinder; An adjusting cylinder is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the base plate and spaced apart from the second hydraulic cylinder. The output end of the adjusting cylinder is rotatably connected to the second hydraulic cylinder. The regulating cylinder is used to drive the second hydraulic cylinder to rotate and make the support plate correspond to the arch foot of the lining structure. The second hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the support plate to move to the arch foot of the lining structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lower surface of the base plate via the first hinge seat, the adjusting cylinder is connected to the lower surface of the base plate via the second hinge seat, and the output end of the adjusting cylinder is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder via the third hinge seat.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes: Multiple crushing modules are vertically mounted on the lower surface of the base plate. There are two sets of second hydraulic cylinders, support plates, and adjusting cylinders, which are located near the left and right sides of the base plate, respectively. Multiple crushing modules are arranged between two second hydraulic cylinders. The crushing modules are used to crush the inverted arch to be dismantled. The support plate corresponds to the position of the multiple crushing modules.

[0011] Furthermore, the crushing module includes: The third hydraulic cylinder is located on the lower surface of the base plate; The mounting frame has a top plate and side plates located on both sides of the top plate. The output rod of the third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the top plate. A rotating shaft is rotatably arranged between the two side plates. One or more crushing discs are arranged on the rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft extends from the side plate and is connected to a drive motor. The drive motor is located on the outer side of the side plate.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes: The transfer mechanism has a feeding hole through the upper and lower surfaces of the base plate, and the arc-shaped mounting base and the base plate form a receiving cavity. The feeding hole is connected to the receiving cavity, and the transfer mechanism is located near the feeding hole. Multiple limiting seats are arranged on the bottom plate inside the receiving cavity to support the inverted arch module. The transfer mechanism is used to remove the inverted arch module from the limiting seats and transport it to the location of the inverted arch to be dismantled through the feed hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the moving wheel includes a front wheel and a rear wheel, the crushing module is arranged close to the front wheel, and the transfer mechanism is located between the crushing module and the rear wheel.

[0014] Furthermore, an L-shaped bracket is provided on the lower surface of the base plate near the feed hole, and the transfer mechanism is provided on the L-shaped bracket. The transfer mechanism is a suction cup manipulator or a six-axis mobile manipulator.

[0015] Furthermore, the pressure plate is made of an elastic material or the outer surface of the pressure plate is adapted to the shape of the inner surface of the lining structure.

[0016] This invention also provides a method for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches, using an integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches, including the following steps: S1: The front and rear sides of the invert arch to be dismantled are connected to the in-service invert arch. The moving wheels drive the tunnel invert arch quick replacement integrated machine to move above the invert arch to be dismantled, so that the support plate and multiple crushing modules correspond to the invert arch to be dismantled. At this time, the moving wheels are located above the in-service invert arch. S2: Start the first hydraulic cylinder to drive the pressure plate to contact the inner surface of the lining structure and support the lining structure through the pressure plate; S3: Manually break the portion of the inverted arch at the arch foot of the lining structure to be dismantled. After breaking, a space for installing the support plate is formed. Adjust the angle of the support plate by adjusting the cylinder so that the support plate corresponds to the installation space. Start the second hydraulic cylinder to move the support plate to the arch foot of the lining structure. The support plate supports the arch foot of the lining structure and separates the lining structure from the inverted arch to be dismantled. S4: According to the shape of the invert arch to be dismantled, the third hydraulic cylinders and drive motors of multiple crushing modules are activated respectively. The invert arch to be dismantled is crushed by the crushing discs of multiple crushing modules until the crushing discs crush to the lower surface of the invert arch to be dismantled; the part of the invert arch to be dismantled near the support plate is crushed manually or by the crushing modules. S5: Clean up the broken inverted arch to be dismantled; S6: The second hydraulic cylinder resets, the first hydraulic cylinder retracts a preset distance, temporarily separating the pressure plate from the lining structure. The moving wheel drives the tunnel invert arch rapid replacement integrated machine to move forward, so that the feed hole corresponds to the location of the invert arch to be dismantled. The first hydraulic cylinder drives the pressure plate to contact the inner surface of the lining structure again, and supports the lining structure through the pressure plate. S7: The invert arch module is taken out from the limiting seat by the transfer mechanism and transported to the location of the invert arch to be dismantled through the feed hole. The invert arch module is manually laid to construct a new invert arch. The new invert arch is connected to the in service invert arch and the arch foot of the lining structure.

[0017] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: 1. This invention integrates crushing, precast block transfer and lining structure support functions. Except for the cleaning and slag removal of the invert after crushing, there is no need for various special equipment to enter and exit the site, the coordination difficulty is low and the invert replacement efficiency is high.

[0018] 2. This invention uses multiple crushing modules to crush the invert arch to be dismantled. The working faces of the multiple crushing modules can be adjusted by a third hydraulic cylinder, thus adapting to invert arches of various shapes, avoiding over-excavation and backfilling problems, thereby further improving the efficiency of invert arch replacement.

[0019] 3. Before the invert arch breaks, the lining structure is supported by the first hydraulic cylinder and the pressure plate, and the arch foot of the lining structure is supported by the second hydraulic cylinder and the support plate. This can temporarily support the lining structure when the overall tunnel support structure has not yet formed a ring, thus preventing the lining structure from cracking and deforming. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing module structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second hydraulic cylinder, the adjusting cylinder, and the support plate. The components include: 1. Arc-shaped mounting base; 2. Lining structure; 3. First hydraulic cylinder; 4. Pressure plate; 5. Second hydraulic cylinder; 6. Base plate; 601. Feed hole; 7. Moving wheel; 8. Support plate; 9. Adjusting cylinder; 10. Crushing module; 1001. Third hydraulic cylinder; 1002. Mounting frame; 1003. Crushing disc; 1004. Drive motor; 11. Limiting seat; 12. Invert arch module; 13. Transfer mechanism; 14. L-shaped bracket; 15. Invert arch to be dismantled; 16. Roadbed. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Those skilled in the art will understand that the term "comprising" as used in this application means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements present. Furthermore, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term "and / or" as used herein includes all or any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a rapid replacement machine for tunnel invert arches, comprising: Arc-shaped mounting base 1 is mounted on the moving unit; Multiple first hydraulic cylinders 3 are arranged circumferentially on the outer surface of the arc-shaped mounting base 1. A pressure plate 4 is provided on the output rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 3. The first hydraulic cylinder 3 is used to drive the pressure plate 4 to contact the inner surface of the lining structure 2 and to support the lining structure 2 through the pressure plate 4.

[0026] In this embodiment, it also includes: The second hydraulic cylinder 5, the moving unit includes a base plate 6 and a moving wheel 7 located below the base plate 6, the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the moving wheel 7 are arranged at intervals and are rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the base plate 6; Support plate 8 is mounted on the output rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 5; Adjusting cylinder 9 is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of base plate 6 and spaced apart from second hydraulic cylinder 5. The output end of adjusting cylinder 9 is rotatably connected to second hydraulic cylinder 5. The adjusting cylinder 9 is used to drive the second hydraulic cylinder 5 to rotate and make the support plate 8 correspond to the arch foot of the lining structure 2. The second hydraulic cylinder 5 is used to drive the support plate 8 to move to the arch foot of the lining structure 2.

[0027] In this embodiment, the second hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the lower surface of the base plate 6 via a first hinge seat, and the adjusting cylinder 9 is connected to the lower surface of the base plate 6 via a second hinge seat. The output end of the adjusting cylinder 9 is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder 5 via a third hinge seat. A fixed seat is provided on the output rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 5, and one end of the support plate 8 is detachably connected to or welded to the fixed seat.

[0028] In this embodiment, it also includes: Multiple crushing modules 10 are vertically mounted on the lower surface of the base plate 6. There are two sets of second hydraulic cylinders 5, support plates 8 and adjusting cylinders 9, which are located near the left and right sides of the base plate 6 respectively. Multiple crushing modules 10 are arranged between two second hydraulic cylinders 5. The crushing modules 10 are used to crush the inverted arch 15 to be dismantled. The support plate 8 corresponds to the position of the multiple crushing modules 10.

[0029] In this embodiment, the crushing module 10 includes: The third hydraulic cylinder 1001 is located on the lower surface of the base plate 6; The mounting bracket 1002 has a top plate and side plates located on both sides of the top plate. The output rod of the third hydraulic cylinder 1001 is connected to the top plate. A rotating shaft is rotatably arranged between the two side plates. One or more crushing discs 1003 are arranged on the rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft is led out from the side plate and is connected to the drive motor 1004. The drive motor 1004 is arranged on the outer side of the side plate.

[0030] In this embodiment, it also includes: The transfer mechanism 13 has a base plate 6 with a feed hole 601 extending through the upper and lower surfaces. An arc-shaped mounting base 1 and the base plate 6 form a receiving cavity. The feed hole 601 is connected to the receiving cavity. The transfer mechanism 13 is located near the feed hole 601. Multiple limiting seats 11 are arranged on the bottom plate 6 inside the receiving cavity to support the inverted arch module 12. The transfer mechanism 13 is used to remove the inverted arch module 12 from the limiting seats 11 and transport it to the location of the inverted arch 15 to be dismantled through the feed hole 601.

[0031] In this embodiment, the moving wheel 7 includes a front wheel and a rear wheel. The crushing module 10 is arranged close to the front wheel, and the transfer mechanism 13 is located between the crushing module 10 and the rear wheel. Multiple first hydraulic cylinders 3 are arranged in a matrix, positioned circumferentially above the crushing module 10 and also circumferentially above the feed hole 601, to facilitate the maintenance of support for the lining structure 2 by the pressure plates 4 of the first hydraulic cylinders 3 when the transfer mechanism 13 is in operation.

[0032] In this embodiment, an L-shaped bracket 14 is provided on the lower surface of the base plate 6 near the feed hole 601, and a transfer mechanism 13 is disposed on the L-shaped bracket 14. The transfer mechanism 13 is a suction cup-type manipulator or a six-axis mobile manipulator. The upper part of the limiting seat 11 has a groove adapted to the structure of the inverted arch module 12, which is used to store the inverted arch module 12 and limit its position. The transfer module can remove the inverted arch module 12 by clamping, adsorption, or other means. The transfer module can also be coupled with structures such as vertical sliding rails and rotating platforms to facilitate efficient and convenient transportation of the inverted arch module 12 from the feed hole 601 to the location of the inverted arch 15 to be disassembled.

[0033] In this embodiment, the pressure plate 4 is made of an elastic material or the outer surface of the pressure plate 4 is adapted to the shape of the inner surface of the lining structure 2.

[0034] This invention also provides a method for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches, using an integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches, including the following steps: S1: The front and rear sides of the invert arch 15 to be dismantled are connected to the in-service invert arch, and the roadbed 16 is above the invert arch; the moving wheel 7 drives the tunnel invert arch quick replacement integrated machine to move to the roadbed 16 above the invert arch 15 to be dismantled, so that the support plate 8 and multiple crushing modules 10 correspond to the invert arch 15 to be dismantled. At this time, the moving wheel 7 is located above the in-service invert arch. S2: Start the first hydraulic cylinder 3, drive the pressure plate 4 to contact the inner surface of the lining structure 2, and support the lining structure 2 through the pressure plate 4. The outer surface of the arc-shaped mounting seat 1 is roughly coaxial with the lining structure 2. Multiple pressure plates 4 can stably support the lining from the inside out. S3: Manually break the portion of the inverted arch 15 to be dismantled and the roadbed 16 at the arch foot of the lining structure 2. After breaking, a space for the installation of the support plate 8 is formed. The angle of the support plate 8 is adjusted by adjusting the cylinder 9 so that the support plate 8 corresponds to the installation space. The second hydraulic cylinder 5 is activated to move the support plate 8 to the arch foot of the lining structure 2. The support plate 8 supports the arch foot of the lining structure 2 and separates the lining structure 2 from the inverted arch 15 to be dismantled. S4: According to the shape of the invert arch 15 to be dismantled, the third hydraulic cylinder 1001 and drive motor 1004 of multiple crushing modules 10 are activated respectively, and the invert arch 15 to be dismantled is crushed by the crushing disc 1003 of multiple crushing modules 10 until the crushing disc 1003 crushes to the lower surface of the invert arch 15 to be dismantled; the part of the invert arch 15 to be dismantled near the support plate 8 is crushed manually or by the crushing module 10. S5: Clean up the broken invert arch 15 to be dismantled; S6: The second hydraulic cylinder 5 is reset, the first hydraulic cylinder 3 retracts a preset distance, so that the pressure plate 4 is temporarily separated from the lining structure 2, the moving wheel 7 drives the tunnel invert arch quick replacement integrated machine to move forward, so that the feed hole 601 corresponds to the position of the invert arch 15 to be dismantled, the first hydraulic cylinder 3 drives the pressure plate 4 to contact the inner surface of the lining structure 2 again, and supports the lining structure 2 through the pressure plate 4. S7: The invert arch module 12 is taken out from the limiting seat 11 by the transfer mechanism 13 and transported to the location of the invert arch 15 to be dismantled through the feed hole 601. The invert arch module 12 is manually laid to construct a new invert arch, and the new invert arch is connected with the in service invert arch and the arch foot of the lining structure 2.

[0035] It should be noted that in step S6, although the pressure plate 4 is temporarily separated from the lining structure 2, the moving wheel 7 drives the tunnel invert arch rapid replacement integrated machine to move forward, so that the time required for the feed hole 601 to correspond with the location of the invert arch 15 to be dismantled is very short, about 3 minutes. Therefore, it will not cause the lining structure 2 to crack during this period.

[0036] In step S7, after all the invert arch modules 12 have been transported by the transfer mechanism 13, the tunnel invert arch quick replacement integrated machine is driven forward by the moving wheel 7 to break the next invert arch 15 to be dismantled, and the construction work of the new invert arch can be carried out independently here.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid replacement machine for tunnel invert arches, characterized in that, include: An arc-shaped mounting base (1) is provided on the moving unit; Multiple first hydraulic cylinders (3) are arranged circumferentially on the outer surface of the arc-shaped mounting base (1). A pressure plate (4) is provided on the output rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (3). The first hydraulic cylinder (3) is used to drive the pressure plate (4) to contact the inner surface of the lining structure (2) and support the lining structure (2) through the pressure plate (4).

2. The integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second hydraulic cylinder (5) and the moving unit include a base plate (6) and a moving wheel (7) located below the base plate (6). The second hydraulic cylinder (5) and the moving wheel (7) are arranged at intervals and are rotatably disposed on the lower surface of the base plate (6). A support plate (8) is mounted on the output rod of the second hydraulic cylinder (5); An adjusting cylinder (9) is rotatably disposed on the lower surface of the base plate (6) and spaced apart from the second hydraulic cylinder (5). The output end of the adjusting cylinder (9) is rotatably connected to the second hydraulic cylinder (5). The regulating cylinder (9) is used to drive the second hydraulic cylinder (5) to rotate and make the support plate (8) correspond to the arch foot of the lining structure (2). The second hydraulic cylinder (5) is used to drive the support plate (8) to move to the arch foot of the lining structure (2).

3. The integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second hydraulic cylinder (5) is connected to the lower surface of the base plate (6) through the first hinge seat, the adjusting cylinder (9) is connected to the lower surface of the base plate (6) through the second hinge seat, and the output end of the adjusting cylinder (9) is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder (5) through the third hinge seat.

4. The integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple crushing modules (10) are vertically mounted on the lower surface of the base plate (6). There are two sets of second hydraulic cylinders (5), support plates (8) and adjusting cylinders (9), which are located near the left and right sides of the base plate (6). Multiple crushing modules (10) are arranged between two second hydraulic cylinders (5). The crushing modules (10) are used to crush the inverted arch (15) to be dismantled. The support plate (8) corresponds to the position of the multiple crushing modules (10).

5. The integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches according to claim 4, characterized in that, The crushing module (10) includes: The third hydraulic cylinder (1001) is disposed on the lower surface of the base plate (6); The mounting bracket (1002) has a top plate and side plates located on both sides of the top plate. The output rod of the third hydraulic cylinder (1001) is connected to the top plate. A rotating shaft is rotatably arranged between the two side plates. One or more crushing discs (1003) are arranged on the rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft is led out from the side plate and is connected to the drive motor (1004) for transmission. The drive motor (1004) is arranged on the outer side surface of the side plate.

6. The integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The transfer mechanism (13) has a feed hole (601) through the upper and lower surfaces of the base plate (6), and the arc-shaped mounting seat (1) and the base plate (6) form a receiving cavity. The feed hole (601) is connected to the receiving cavity, and the transfer mechanism (13) is located near the feed hole (601). Multiple limiting seats (11) are arranged on the bottom plate (6) inside the receiving cavity to support the inverted arch module (12). The transfer mechanism (13) is used to remove the inverted arch module (12) from the limiting seats (11) and transport it to the location of the inverted arch (15) to be dismantled through the feed hole (601).

7. The integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches according to claim 6, characterized in that, The moving wheel (7) includes a front wheel and a rear wheel, the crushing module (10) is arranged close to the front wheel, and the transfer mechanism (13) is located between the crushing module (10) and the rear wheel.

8. The integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches according to claim 7, characterized in that, An L-shaped bracket (14) is provided on the lower surface of the base plate (6) near the feed hole (601), and the transfer mechanism (13) is provided on the L-shaped bracket (14). The transfer mechanism (13) is a suction cup manipulator or a six-axis mobile manipulator.

9. The integrated machine for rapid replacement of tunnel invert arches according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure plate (4) is made of an elastic material or the outer surface of the pressure plate (4) is adapted to the shape of the inner surface of the lining structure (2).

10. A rapid replacement construction method for tunnel invert arches, characterized in that, The application of the integrated rapid replacement machine for tunnel inverts according to any one of claims 7-9 includes the following steps: S1: The front and rear sides of the inverted arch (15) to be dismantled are connected to the in-service inverted arch. The moving wheel (7) drives the tunnel inverted arch quick replacement integrated machine to move above the inverted arch (15) to be dismantled, so that the support plate (8) and multiple crushing modules (10) correspond to the inverted arch (15) to be dismantled. At this time, the moving wheel (7) is located above the in-service inverted arch. S2: Start the first hydraulic cylinder (3) to drive the pressure plate (4) to contact the inner surface of the lining structure (2) and support the lining structure (2) through the pressure plate (4). S3: Manually break the part of the arch foot of the lining structure (2) to be dismantled inverted arch (15), and after breaking it, form the installation space of the support plate (8). Adjust the angle of the support plate (8) by adjusting the cylinder (9) so that the support plate (8) corresponds to the installation space. Start the second hydraulic cylinder (5) to move the support plate (8) to the arch foot of the lining structure (2). The support plate (8) supports the arch foot of the lining structure (2) and at the same time separates the lining structure (2) from the inverted arch (15) to be dismantled. S4: According to the shape of the invert arch (15) to be dismantled, the third hydraulic cylinder (1001) and drive motor (1004) of multiple crushing modules (10) are activated respectively. The invert arch (15) to be dismantled is crushed by the crushing disc (1003) of multiple crushing modules (10) until the crushing disc (1003) is crushed to the lower surface of the invert arch (15) to be dismantled; the part of the invert arch (15) to be dismantled near the support plate (8) is crushed manually or by the crushing module (10); S5: Clean up the broken invert arch to be dismantled (15). S6: The second hydraulic cylinder (5) resets, the first hydraulic cylinder (3) retracts a preset distance, so that the pressure plate (4) is temporarily separated from the lining structure (2), the moving wheel (7) drives the tunnel invert arch quick replacement machine to move forward, so that the feed hole (601) corresponds to the position of the invert arch (15) to be dismantled, the first hydraulic cylinder (3) drives the pressure plate (4) to contact the inner surface of the lining structure (2) again, and supports the lining structure (2) through the pressure plate (4). S7: The invert arch module (12) is taken out from the limiting seat (11) by the transfer mechanism (13) and transported to the location of the invert arch (15) to be dismantled through the feed hole (601). The invert arch module (12) is manually laid to construct a new invert arch. The new invert arch is connected to the arch foot of the in service invert arch and the lining structure (2).

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