A kind of based on stylus type measuring instrument cylinder liner net pattern measuring device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to a device and method for measuring cylinder liner roughness using a stylus-type measuring instrument. It includes a vertical moving mechanism and a rotary moving mechanism. The rotary moving mechanism is fixed to the vertical moving mechanism and moves vertically in a straight line synchronously with it. The stylus-type roughness detector is fixed to the rotary moving mechanism and rotates around its axis synchronously with it. The advantage of this invention is that by integrating the vertical moving mechanism and the rotary moving mechanism, it overcomes the limitation of traditional stylus-type measuring instruments that can only measure along a single straight line along the cylinder liner generatrix. It achieves composite stylus motion and accurately matches the positional relationship between the stylus and the cylinder liner, laying the core structural foundation for multi-directional measurement and significantly expanding the measurement range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of testing technology in high-end engine manufacturing and processing, specifically relating to a cylinder liner texture measurement device and method based on a stylus-type measuring instrument. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of internal combustion engine manufacturing, the cylinder liner, as a core component of the engine, directly determines the engine's sealing performance, lubrication effect, wear rate, and power output stability through the microscopic geometry of its inner wall surface, thus having a crucial impact on the engine's overall efficiency and service life. To meet the design requirements of high power, low fuel consumption, and long service life, the industry commonly uses honing to precision machine the inner surface of the cylinder liner bore. This creates a cross-hatched surface with uniformly alternating deep grooves and small platforms (the typical cross-hatching angle is 45°±5°). This type of surface is a typical composite machining feature, and its morphology needs to be controlled through precise parameter indicators. Key control parameters include the maximum profile height. Core roughness depth Peak height removed Valley depth removed and support ratio , Key indicators such as...

[0003] Currently, the mainstream equipment for measuring the surface morphology parameters of cylinder liners with a textured surface is the stylus-type surface roughness tester. This equipment, with its high measurement accuracy and strong data quantification capabilities, has become the standard device for cylinder liner surface roughness inspection. However, due to the limitations of the stylus-type roughness tester's structure and working principle, the stylus's movement trajectory during the inspection process can only be a straight line. Therefore, when measuring the roughness of the cylinder liner's inner bore surface, the existing operating method can only complete the detection of cross-textured surface morphology parameters along the generatrix direction of the cylinder liner's inner bore, and cannot achieve flexible measurement in multiple directions and angles.

[0004] According to the core measurement principle of stylus-based surface roughness measurement, the relative relationship between the stylus's movement direction and the workpiece's machining texture direction directly determines the capture effect of surface convex and concave features: only when the stylus's movement direction is perpendicular to the machining texture direction can the surface's micro-geometry be restored to the greatest extent, and the obtained contour curve can truly and accurately reflect the actual surface roughness state of the workpiece. Existing measurement methods that only measure along the generatrix direction are incompatible with the texture direction of the cross-hatching pattern in cylinder liner honing. This not only makes it difficult to accurately capture the true micro-features of the pattern, easily leading to deviations between the measurement data and the actual surface morphology, but also results in significant contact errors due to the unreasonable contact angle between the stylus tip arc and the micro-peaks and valleys of the pattern, affecting the reliability of the detection results.

[0005] Meanwhile, the limited scope of existing measurement methods also leads to significant limitations in the detection dimensions. They can only obtain the overall roughness parameters in the direction of the cylinder liner generatrix, and cannot detect the specific features of the grooves. For example, they cannot detect the micro-roughness of the groove bottom along the direction parallel to the groove, nor can they determine whether there are foreign objects, burrs, groove blockages, or uneven depths in the groove through precise groove direction detection. These groove features directly affect the cylinder liner's oil storage and chip removal capabilities. If effective detection cannot be achieved, cylinder liners with hidden defects are likely to flow into the subsequent assembly stage, posing a hidden danger to the overall performance and operational stability of the engine.

[0006] Patent CN114877853A discloses a cylinder bore texture parameter measuring device. This invention uses a base, graduated disc, guide rail bracket, clamping and positioning structure with copper guide cylinder and rollers, combined with an adjustable roughness measuring instrument. The device achieves self-centering positioning by utilizing the reaction force of the rollers against the cylinder bore wall. It also employs rolling friction contact and soft copper contact parts, solving the problems of inaccurate positioning and data distortion caused by the probe not being perpendicular to the cylinder bore wall in traditional cylinder bore texture measurement. This ensures measurement accuracy and avoids damage to the cylinder bore and probe. However, it still suffers from limitations: the measurement direction can only be linear along the cylinder bore generatrix, and it cannot detect the movement of the probe in any direction (such as perpendicular to the texture direction or parallel to the texture groove direction). This makes it impossible to accurately capture the true microscopic features of the texture and detect the microscopic roughness of the groove bottom and groove machining defects.

[0007] Patent CN105466353A discloses a method for measuring rotary surfaces. By designing a dedicated clamping mechanism and combining it with a Taylor-Hobson stylus profilometer, it employs a method of "multi-contour sampling + precise center finding using a metallographic microscope." First, the measurement contour closest to the center of the first rotary surface workpiece is calibrated and the data is saved. Subsequent batches of workpieces directly reuse this data to complete center positioning measurements. This solves the problem of manually finding the surface center and excessively long inspection time required for each rotary surface inspection in mass production, thus achieving rapid batch inspection of rotary surfaces, ensuring the accuracy of center positioning, and significantly reducing inspection dwell time. However, it still cannot achieve stylus measurement in any direction, nor can it solve the problems of limited stylus movement direction, large peak-valley contact error, and inability to detect groove features in cylinder liner texture measurement.

[0008] In summary, existing methods for measuring cylinder liner texture roughness based on stylus roughness measuring instruments have technical problems such as limited measurement direction, insufficient detection accuracy, and limited detectable items. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to solve the problem of limited measurement direction and insufficient accuracy of cylinder liner texture roughness.

[0010] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0011] A device and method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on a stylus-type measuring instrument includes a stylus-type roughness detector, a vertical moving mechanism, and a rotary moving mechanism. The stylus-type roughness detector includes an extension rod and a stylus. The rotary moving mechanism is fixed to the vertical moving mechanism and moves vertically linearly synchronously with the vertical moving mechanism. The stylus-type roughness detector is fixed to the rotary moving mechanism and rotates around an axis synchronously with the rotary moving mechanism. The direction of movement of the extension rod is parallel to the generatrix of the surface of the cylinder liner being measured, and the distance from the tip of the stylus to the rotation center line of the rotary moving mechanism is adapted to the radius of the cylinder liner being measured.

[0012] By integrating the vertical movement mechanism and the rotary movement mechanism, the traditional stylus measuring instrument is able to measure only along a single straight line of the cylinder liner generatrix, thus achieving composite movement of the stylus and accurately matching the positional relationship between the stylus and the cylinder liner. This lays the core structural foundation for multi-directional measurement and greatly expands the measurement range.

[0013] Preferably, the vertical movement mechanism includes an instrument base, a linear motion slide guide seat, a ball screw, a ball screw slider, and a first servo motor. The linear motion slide guide seat is "U"-shaped with its opening facing the object to be measured and is fixed to the upper end face of the instrument base. The ball screw is fixed inside the opening side of the linear motion slide guide seat, and the ball screw slider is sleeved on the ball screw and slides in cooperation with the linear motion slide guide seat. The first servo motor is fixed to the end of the linear motion slide guide seat, and its output shaft is connected to the ball screw drive.

[0014] The direct drive between the first servo motor and the ball screw improves the accuracy and stability of vertical movement, ensuring the accuracy of the stylus's up and down positioning.

[0015] Preferably, the vertical movement mechanism further includes angle iron, bolts, and a bracket. The linear motion slide guide is detachably fixed to the instrument base by angle iron and bolts. A bracket is fixed on the ball screw slider, and the rotary movement mechanism is mounted on the bracket. The first servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate and drives the ball screw slider and the rotary movement mechanism to make vertical linear movements along the linear motion slide guide.

[0016] The detachable connection of the angle iron makes it easier to disassemble and adjust the guide rail base. The bracket setting ensures a stable connection between the rotary moving mechanism and the slider, ensuring efficient power transmission and driving the rotary moving mechanism to move synchronously and vertically, avoiding motion deviation from affecting the measurement.

[0017] Preferably, the rotary movement mechanism includes a second servo motor, a synchronous belt drive assembly, a rotating shaft, a bearing housing, and a mounting bracket. The bearing housing is fixed to the side of the bracket away from the ball screw slider. The rotating shaft passes vertically through the central through hole of the bearing housing. The second servo motor is fixed to the end face of the bracket away from the ball screw slider and located on the side of the bearing housing. The synchronous belt drive assembly is connected between the output shaft of the second servo motor and the upper end of the rotating shaft. The second servo motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate around its own vertical centerline through the synchronous belt drive assembly. The mounting bracket is horizontally fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft. The stylus-type roughness tester is vertically mounted on the end face of the mounting bracket away from the rotating shaft.

[0018] The design of vertically inserting the bearing housing through the rotating shaft and arranging the second servo motor on the side makes the rotary drive structure more reasonable. The synchronous belt drive assembly connects the motor and the upper end of the rotating shaft, enabling the rotating shaft to rotate smoothly around the shaft.

[0019] Preferably, the synchronous belt drive assembly includes a driving synchronous pulley, a driven synchronous pulley, and a synchronous belt; the driving synchronous pulley is coaxially fixed to the end of the extended output shaft of the second servo motor, and the driven synchronous pulley is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the rotating shaft; the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley are at the same horizontal height, and the synchronous belt is wrapped around the outer circumference of the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley to form a transmission engagement; the vertical rotation centerline of the rotating shaft coincides with the central axis of the inner hole of the cylinder liner being measured, and is parallel to the vertical movement direction of the ball screw slider.

[0020] The design of the main and driven pulleys being coaxially fixed and at the same horizontal height ensures that the synchronous belt drive is free from off-center loads, has higher transmission efficiency, avoids rotational jamming, and precisely matches the positional relationship between the rotation center line of the shaft, the inner hole center line of the cylinder liner, and the direction of slider movement. This structurally eliminates the eccentricity error of the rotational motion and improves the trajectory accuracy of the composite motion.

[0021] Preferably, a gasket is provided between the stylus-type roughness tester and the mounting frame; the gasket is sandwiched between the mounting end face of the stylus-type roughness tester and the side end face of the mounting frame opposite to the rotating shaft; the stylus-type roughness tester and the mounting frame are detachably fixed by bolts.

[0022] The shim enables micro-position adjustment of the stylus roughness tester, accurately calibrating the distance from the stylus tip to the rotation center line of the shaft. The detachable bolt fixing method makes the disassembly and calibration of the tester more convenient, while ensuring the stability of the installation and effectively avoiding measurement errors caused by the displacement of the tester during the measurement process.

[0023] Preferably, it also includes a method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on a stylus-type roughness measuring instrument, comprising the following steps: S1. Position the cylinder liner to be tested, adjust the device so that the rotation center line of the rotating moving mechanism coincides with the center line of the inner hole of the cylinder liner to be tested, and finely adjust the installation position of the stylus type roughness tester by using shims so that the distance from the stylus tip to the rotation center line of the rotating shaft is equal to the radius of the cylinder liner to be tested. S2. Start the first servo motor of the vertical moving mechanism, drive the ball screw slider to move the rotary moving mechanism and the stylus-type roughness tester up and down, so that the stylus moves to the target measurement position of the cylinder liner being tested. S3. Set the linear displacement speed of the stylus driven by the first servo motor along the axis and the rotational speed of the stylus driven by the second servo motor around the cylinder liner axis. Start the second servo motor and drive the extension rod of the stylus-type roughness tester to move the stylus along the cylinder liner generatrix in a linear motion. Under the combined action of vertical linear motion and rotational motion around the axis, the stylus forms a helical motion trajectory in a preset direction on the surface of the cylinder liner being measured, thereby realizing the measurement of the micro-morphology of the cylinder liner textured surface; wherein, the helix angle θ of the stylus motion trajectory satisfies the formula In the formula R Let be the radius of the cylindrical surface of the cylinder liner being tested. The linear displacement velocity along the stylus axis. The rotational speed of the stylus around the cylinder liner axis.

[0024] Based on the device's composite motion structure, a standardized multi-directional measurement process was developed. Through three steps—position calibration, target positioning, and parameter setting—precise control of the stylus's spiral motion trajectory was achieved. The formula for calculating the spiral angle was clarified, providing a quantifiable and reproducible method for measuring the texture morphology in any direction, significantly improving the standardization and accuracy of the measurement.

[0025] Preferably, when it is necessary to measure the surface morphology parameters of the grooved surface along a direction perpendicular to the grooved direction of the cylinder liner, the helix angle is set. In the formula The helix angle of the cylinder liner surface texture is positive for right-handed rotation and negative for left-handed rotation. This represents the linear displacement velocity along the stylus axis. Rotational speed of the stylus around the cylinder liner axis Satisfying the matching relationship: .

[0026] Preferably, when it is necessary to measure the microscopic morphology parameters of the bottom of the cylinder liner groove, the position of the stylus is first finely adjusted using a shim to ensure that the stylus tip falls precisely into the groove, and then the helix angle is set. At this time, the linear displacement velocity along the stylus axis Rotational speed of the stylus around the cylinder liner axis Satisfying the matching relationship: The stylus performs a combination of vertical and rotary motions along the groove direction to measure the microscopic morphological parameters at the bottom of the groove.

[0027] Preferably, when the stylus performs a compound movement along the direction of the groove, the unobstructed condition of the cylinder liner groove is detected by the movement trajectory of the stylus, and it is determined whether there are foreign objects or processing defects in the groove.

[0028] The advantages of this invention are: (1) Multi-directional detection: Through the composite motion design of vertical moving mechanism and rotary moving mechanism, the traditional stylus measuring instrument can only measure along a single straight line of cylinder liner generatrix. It can realize the stylus moving in any direction such as vertical / parallel texture, which fits the principle of stylus measurement that "texture vertical capture features are more accurate", and greatly improves the accuracy of texture surface morphology parameter measurement. (2) Measurement accuracy is guaranteed: The structure is reasonably and finely designed, eliminating problems such as eccentricity, offset, and jamming from the structure. In addition, the gasket can finely adjust the position of the detector and accurately calibrate the radial distance between the stylus and the cylinder liner, further reducing measurement error. (3) Filling the detection blind spot: It can realize the accurate measurement of the micro-morphology at the bottom of the cylinder liner groove, solving the technical blind spot that traditional measurement cannot reach the bottom of the groove; at the same time, based on the movement trajectory in the groove direction, the groove unobstructed status can be detected simultaneously, and foreign objects, processing defects and other problems can be judged, enriching the project dimensions of cylinder liner groove detection. (4) Convenient inspection and maintenance: The main structure adopts a detachable fixing method, which enables convenient disassembly and assembly and position fine adjustment of various components and testing instruments, reducing the difficulty of equipment debugging; at the same time, it realizes the integrated operation of "roughness measurement + groove defect detection", without the need for additional equipment and procedures, effectively improving the overall detection efficiency of cylinder liner texture and reducing detection and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder liner texture measuring device based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the rotating shaft structure of a cylinder liner texture measuring device based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the rotating shaft structure of a cylinder liner texture measuring device based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a cylinder liner texture measurement method based on a stylus-type measuring instrument, according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the picture: 1. Vertical moving mechanism; 11. Instrument base; 12. Bolt; 13. Angle iron; 14. Linear motion slide guide seat; 15. Ball screw slider; 16. Ball screw; 17. First servo motor; 18. Bracket; 2. Rotary moving mechanism; 21. Bearing housing; 22. Second servo motor; 23. Main synchronous pulley; 24. Synchronous belt; 25. Rotating shaft; 26. Driven synchronous pulley; 27. Round nut; 28. Angular contact ball bearing; 29. ​​Mounting bracket; 3. Stylus-type roughness tester; 31. Extending rod; 32. Stylus; 33. Gasket; 4. Cylinder liner to be tested. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1: This embodiment provides a device and method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on a stylus-type measuring instrument. (See reference...) Figure 1 The system includes a vertical moving mechanism 1, a rotary moving mechanism 2, and a stylus-type roughness tester 3. The rotary moving mechanism 2 is rigidly mounted on the side end face of the support 18 of the vertical moving mechanism 1 facing the cylinder liner 4 to be tested, forming a rigid connection between the two. The stylus-type roughness tester 3 is vertically mounted on the side end face of the mounting bracket 29 of the rotary moving mechanism 2 away from the rotating shaft 25. The vertical moving mechanism 1 is the basic load-bearing component, the rotary moving mechanism 2 is the intermediate transmission component, and the stylus-type roughness tester 3 is the end effector component.

[0033] See Figure 1 The vertical moving mechanism 1 is the core vertical positioning module of the device in this application. It can be detachably installed on the upper surface of the instrument base 11 of the device. It is the key structure for achieving precise vertical position adjustment of the stylus roughness tester 3. The whole adopts a modular design with servo drive and guide rail sliding to adapt to the measurement position requirements of cylinder liners of different heights and specifications. The specific structure includes the instrument base 11, bolts 12, angle iron 13, linear motion slide guide rail seat 14, ball screw slider 15, ball screw 16, first servo motor 17 and bracket 18.

[0034] For details, please refer to Figures 1-3The instrument base 11 is a flat, rigid structure, serving as the fundamental support component of the entire measuring device. It provides a stable mounting base for the vertical movement mechanism 1, the rotary movement mechanism 2, and the stylus-type roughness tester 3. The angle iron 13 is an L-shaped rigid metal structure, acting as a connecting transition component between the instrument base 11 and the linear motion slide guide 14. One end face of the angle iron 13 is fixed to the upper end face of the instrument base 11, and the other end face is fixed to the outer wall of the linear motion slide guide 14. Bolts 12 are used to sequentially pass through the angle iron 13, the linear motion slide guide 14, and the instrument base 11, enabling the linear motion slide guide 14 to be detachably and securely fastened to the instrument base 11. The purpose is to utilize the supporting characteristics of its L-shaped structure to ensure the verticality and structural stability of the linear motion slide guide 14, providing a precise guiding foundation for the vertical linear motion of the ball screw slider 15, while also facilitating the disassembly, assembly, position adjustment, and subsequent maintenance of the linear motion slide guide 14.

[0035] The linear motion slide guide 14 is a long, rigid, "U"-shaped structure and is the core motion guide component of the vertical movement mechanism 1. Its opening faces the cylinder liner 4 to be tested, and its outer wall is fixed to the vertical end face of the angle iron 13. It is detachably mounted to the upper surface of the instrument base 11 via the angle iron 13 and bolts 12, and is arranged vertically to ensure its extension direction is consistent with the vertical movement direction. The inner wall of this component is precision-machined to match the ball screw slider 15, providing precise and smooth guidance for the vertical linear motion of the ball screw slider 15. The internal cavity of the linear motion slide guide 14 can accommodate the entire assembly of the ball screw 16, while the end provides a stable mounting base for the first servo motor 17. The overall structure is compact and rigid, effectively bearing radial loads during movement and preventing deformation or offset from affecting the motion accuracy of the ball screw slider 15, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the vertical positioning of the stylus 32.

[0036] The ball screw 16 is a slender rod-shaped precision transmission component, assembled in the internal cavity of the linear motion slide guide 14 along its vertical extension direction. One end is connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor 17, and the other end is rotatably adapted to the end of the linear motion slide guide 14. The ball screw 16 has a precision helical raceway machined on its body, serving as the power transmission component of the vertical movement mechanism 1. The ball screw slider 15 is a block-shaped rigid transmission component, with its inner side forming a helical transmission engagement through the meshing of balls with the helical raceway of the ball screw 16. During operation, the ball screw 16 can precisely convert the rotational power output by the first servo motor 17 into the vertical linear motion of the ball screw slider 15 along the linear motion slide guide 14. It features high transmission efficiency, small backlash, high positioning accuracy, and good self-locking properties, enabling the ball screw slider 15 to stably stop at any vertical position. The end face of the ball screw slider 15 facing the cylinder liner 4 to be tested is a flat mounting surface, which is used to fix the connecting bracket 18. It can synchronously drive the bracket 18 and the rotating moving mechanism 2 and the stylus type roughness tester 3 mounted on it to make vertical linear motion, so as to realize the precise adjustment of the vertical measurement position of the stylus 32.

[0037] The first servo motor 17 is the vertical power output component of the vertical movement mechanism 1. It is fixedly mounted on the end of the linear motion slide guide 14. Its output shaft is connected to the end of the ball screw 16, providing a precise and controllable power source for the rotation of the ball screw 16. The first servo motor 17 has high-precision speed and displacement adjustment characteristics, realizing precise positioning of the vertical measurement position of the stylus 32 and matching adjustment of the movement speed; at the same time, it has strong operational stability and can effectively avoid the ball screw slider 15 from jamming or offset caused by power output fluctuations.

[0038] The bracket 18 is a block structure. One end face of the bracket is fixed to the end face of the ball screw slider 15 facing the cylinder liner 4 to be tested. The other end face serves as the assembly base for the rotary moving mechanism 2, used to fix the bearing seat 21 and the second servo motor 22, ensuring the verticality and coaxiality accuracy of the bearing seat 21 and the second servo motor 22. The bracket 18 can effectively support the overall weight of the rotary moving mechanism 2 and the stylus-type roughness tester 3, offsetting the radial and axial loads generated during the movement of the equipment, preventing the rotation center line of the rotary moving mechanism 2 from shifting due to structural deformation, and ensuring the accuracy and synchronization of the composite motion of the entire device.

[0039] See Figures 1-3The rotary moving mechanism 2 is the core rotary drive module of the device in this application. It is detachably installed on the end face of the bracket 18 of the vertical moving mechanism 1 away from the ball screw slider 15. It is the key structure for realizing the rotary motion of the stylus roughness tester 3 around the cylinder. The whole adopts a synchronous belt drive and vertical rotation design to adapt to the measurement trajectory requirements of different directions of cylinder liner texture. It can form a spiral measurement trajectory in any direction with the compound motion of the vertical moving mechanism 1. The specific structure includes a bearing seat 21, a second servo motor 22, a main synchronous pulley 23, a synchronous belt 24, a rotating shaft 25, a driven synchronous pulley 26, a round nut 27, an angular contact ball bearing 28, and a mounting bracket 29.

[0040] Specifically, referring to 1, the bearing housing 21, the round nut 27, and the angular contact ball bearing 28 are the core positioning and support components of the rotating shaft 25 in the rotary moving mechanism 2. The three work together to achieve precise assembly and smooth rotation of the rotating shaft 25. The bearing housing 21 is a block structure, fixed to the middle of the end face of the bracket 18 opposite to the ball screw slider 15. Its central axis coincides with the center line of the inner hole of the cylinder liner 4 to be tested and is parallel to the vertical direction of movement. It has a coaxial central through hole inside, providing dedicated mounting space for the angular contact ball bearing 28, and reserving operating space for the round nut 27 to be screwed and locked. It is the installation basis of the entire positioning and support component. An angular contact ball bearing 28 is fitted into the central through hole of the bearing housing 21 and sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 25. It can simultaneously bear the radial and axial loads generated during the rotation of the rotating shaft 25, providing precise radial positioning and axial constraint for the vertical rotation of the rotating shaft 25, effectively reducing the frictional resistance of the rotating shaft 25 and ensuring its smooth rotation. A round nut 27 is screwed onto the end of the rotating shaft 25 and pressed against the outer end face of the angular contact ball bearing 28, realizing the axial locking and fixation of the angular contact ball bearing 28 in the through hole of the bearing housing 21. At the same time, it provides axial limit for the rotating shaft 25, preventing axial movement of the rotating shaft 25 during rotation and avoiding the offset of the rotation center line due to movement. The three components work together to form a comprehensive positioning support for the rotating shaft 25. The overall structure has high assembly precision and strong support stability, which can effectively bear the overall weight of the rotating shaft 25, the mounting bracket 29 and the stylus-type roughness tester 3, offset the impact force generated by the rotational motion, and ensure that the rotating shaft 25 rotates smoothly around its own vertical center line without swaying or slipping. This lays a key structural foundation for the accuracy of the composite motion trajectory of the stylus 32.

[0041] The second servo motor 22, the main synchronous pulley 23, the synchronous belt 24, and the driven synchronous pulley 26 together constitute the synchronous transmission system of the rotary movement mechanism 2, achieving error-free and smooth power transmission. The second servo motor 22 is fixedly mounted on the side end face of the bracket 18 away from the ball screw slider 15 and is arranged close to the bearing seat 21, providing fast start and stop response and a wide speed range. The main synchronous pulley 23 is rigidly fixed to the output shaft end of the second servo motor 22. The driven synchronous pulley 26 is rigidly fixed to the upper end of the rotating shaft 25, and is installed at the same height and coaxially aligned with the main synchronous pulley 23. The synchronous belt 24 is closedly wrapped around the outer periphery of the main synchronous pulley 23 and the driven synchronous pulley 26, achieving low-backlash and high-rigidity synchronous transmission through tooth meshing. During operation, the second servo motor 22 drives the main synchronous pulley 23 to rotate, which in turn drives the synchronous pulley 26 and the rotating shaft 25 to rotate at a constant speed via the synchronous belt 24. This effectively suppresses transmission vibration and lateral sway, ensuring that the rotating shaft 25 and the stylus 32 rotate smoothly, continuously, and accurately around the center line of the cylinder liner 4 to be measured, providing stable and controllable rotational power for any helix angle composite measurement trajectory.

[0042] The rotating shaft 25 is a slender rod-shaped component, serving as the main rotating shaft of the rotary moving mechanism 2. It passes vertically through the central through-hole of the bearing housing 21, achieving precise radial and axial positioning via angular contact ball bearings 28, and is axially locked in place by round nuts 27, eliminating axial movement and radial runout. Its vertical rotation centerline precisely coincides with the centerline of the inner hole of the cylinder liner 4 under test, and remains parallel to the vertical movement direction of the ball screw slider 15, providing a reference for the accuracy of the rotational motion. A synchronous pulley 26 is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the rotating shaft 25, forming a transmission connection with the main synchronous pulley 23 of the second servo motor 22 via a synchronous belt 24. The lower end provides a stable connection base for the horizontally fixed mounting bracket 29, enabling effective transmission of rotational power to the mounting bracket 29 and the stylus-type roughness tester 3. The rotating shaft 25 can smoothly drive the mounting bracket 29 and the stylus-type roughness tester 3 to rotate synchronously around the center line of the inner hole of the cylinder liner 4 to be tested. During the rotation, the operation is smooth and the accuracy is stable without jamming or deviation. It provides the core rotational motion support for the stylus 32 to form a preset spiral measurement trajectory by combining with the vertical motion, ensuring the accuracy of the trajectory for multi-directional measurement.

[0043] Mounting bracket 29 is a horizontally arranged rigid connecting bearing component. Its upper side is fixed to the lower end face of the rotating shaft 25, and it rotates coaxially with the rotating shaft 25 around the vertical rotation center. The side away from the rotating shaft 25 is a flat mounting reference surface, used for vertical mounting of the stylus-type roughness tester 3. A shim 33 is sandwiched between the two and it is detachably fixed by bolts. Mounting bracket 29 has high rigidity and small deformation, which can stably bear the weight of the entire tester and suppress rotational vibration. It ensures that the movement direction of the extension rod 31 is parallel to the generatrix of the cylinder liner 4 to be tested, so that the radius from the tip of the stylus 32 to the rotation center is accurately matched with the cylinder diameter, providing the end posture and position reference for the compound spiral measurement trajectory.

[0044] See Figure 1 The stylus-type roughness tester 3 is a precision end-effector for measuring the surface topography. Through the mounting bracket 29, shims 33, and fasteners, it achieves a rigid, detachable connection and precise position adjustment with the rotating and moving mechanism 2. It includes an extension rod 31, a stylus 32, and shims 33. The extension rod 31 provides controllable, precise linear feed vertically. The stylus 32 has a tiny, wear-resistant tip that directly contacts and follows the microscopic contour undulations of the inner wall of the cylinder liner 4 being tested, providing feedback on the displacement signal. The shim 33 is a thin, precision adjustment component (shims 33 can be made of precision metal with thicknesses of 0.01mm, 0.05mm, or 0.1mm; by stacking shims of different thicknesses, precise adjustment of the radial distance of the stylus tip can be achieved). It is clamped between the mounting end face of the stylus-type roughness tester 3 and the reference surface on the side of the mounting bracket 29 opposite to the rotating shaft 25. Its thickness is precisely controllable, its flatness is high, and its material is rigid and wear-resistant. By replacing shims of different thicknesses or combining them, the radial mounting position and attitude of the detector can be precisely adjusted, so that the distance from the tip of the stylus 32 to the rotation center of the shaft 25 is precisely matched with the radius of the cylinder liner 4 under test. At the same time, the parallelism between the extension rod 31 and the cylinder liner generatrix is ​​calibrated. After the mounting attitude and radial position are finely adjusted by the shims 33, the movement direction of the extension rod 31 is parallel to the generatrix of the surface of the cylinder liner 4 under test, and the distance from the tip of the stylus 32 to the rotation center of the shaft 25 is precisely matched with the cylinder diameter. During operation, it descends at a uniform speed with the vertical moving mechanism 1 and rotates circumferentially with the rotating moving mechanism 2. It forms a preset spiral trajectory by superimposing its own axial feed, stably collecting micro-roughness data of the textured platform and groove. It has good vibration resistance and repeatability, high resolution, and is suitable for multi-directional quantitative detection needs.

[0045] Example 2: Based on Example 1, see Figure 4 This embodiment provides a method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on Embodiment 1, with the precise measurement of roughness perpendicular to the texture direction as an example.

[0046] S1. Position the cylinder liner to be tested, and adjust the device so that the rotation center line of the rotating moving mechanism coincides with the center line of the inner hole of the cylinder liner to be tested. Fine-tune the installation position of the stylus-type roughness tester by using shims so that the distance from the stylus tip to the rotation center line of the rotating shaft is equal to the radius of the cylinder liner to be tested.

[0047] The specific process of step S1 includes: vertically fixing the cylinder liner 4 to be tested at the measuring station, ensuring that the central axis of its inner hole is completely coincident with the rotation center line of the rotating shaft 25 of the rotating moving mechanism 2; clamping and fixing the stylus-type roughness tester 3 to the end of the mounting bracket 29 away from the rotating shaft 25 by the shim 33; by changing the shim 33 of different thicknesses, finely adjusting the radial distance between the tip of the stylus 32 and the center of the rotating shaft 25, so that it is completely matched with the inner hole radius of the cylinder liner 4 to be tested, ensuring that the tip of the stylus 32 can closely fit the textured surface of the inner wall of the cylinder liner 4.

[0048] S2. Start the first servo motor of the vertical moving mechanism, drive the ball screw slider to move the rotary moving mechanism and the stylus-type roughness tester up and down, so that the stylus moves to the target measurement position of the cylinder liner being tested.

[0049] The specific process of step S2 includes: checking the assembly status of each mechanism, checking the bearing housing 21, angular contact ball bearing 28, and round nut 27, and completing the precise positioning of the rotating shaft 25; checking the second servo motor 22, main synchronous pulley 23, synchronous belt 24, and driven synchronous pulley 26 to ensure that the transmission fit is without gaps; checking that the transmission between the first servo motor 17 and the ball screw 16 and ball screw slider 15 is smooth, that the linear motion slide guide seat 14 is guided without jamming, and that the rigid connection of the bracket 18 is not loose.

[0050] After completing the above checks, ensure that the rotary moving mechanism 2 is locked and does not rotate, start the stylus-type roughness tester 3 and the vertical moving mechanism 1 to achieve vertical positioning, so that the stylus moves to the target measurement position of the cylinder liner being tested; ensure that the feed direction of the stylus 32 is strictly perpendicular to the mesh texture direction of the inner wall of the cylinder liner 4.

[0051] S3. Set the linear displacement speed of the stylus driven by the first servo motor along the axis and the rotational speed of the stylus driven by the second servo motor around the cylinder liner axis. Start the second servo motor and drive the extension rod of the stylus-type roughness tester to move the stylus along the cylinder liner generatrix in a linear motion. Under the combined action of vertical linear motion and rotational motion around the axis, the stylus forms a helical motion trajectory in a preset direction on the surface of the cylinder liner being measured, thereby realizing the measurement of the micro-morphology of the cylinder liner textured surface; wherein, the helix angle θ of the stylus motion trajectory satisfies the formula In the formula Let be the radius of the cylindrical surface of the cylinder liner being tested. The linear displacement velocity along the stylus axis. The rotational speed of the stylus around the cylinder liner axis.

[0052] The specific process of step S3 includes: In this embodiment, assuming the radius The diameter is 45mm, and the surface texture helix angle of the cylinder liner is 22mm. Because it is necessary to ensure the helix angle of the stylus's movement trajectory Always with the helix angle of the reticulation Vertical, therefore ,but =200, selected in this embodiment , That is, the spiral lead is 200 mm / r.

[0053] When the stylus 32 moves along a spiral trajectory perpendicular to the mesh pattern and conforms to the inner wall of the cylinder liner, the stylus-type roughness tester 3 collects the micro-profile displacement signal at the contact position in real time. Based on the displacement feedback data of the stylus 32, it automatically calculates and outputs the maximum profile height at the measurement position. Core roughness depth Peak height removed Valley depth removed The morphological characteristics are measured; simultaneously, the profile curve analysis module of the detector is used to fit the collected profile data to obtain the support ratio curve of the textured surface. , The indicators enable one-stop, accurate collection of core control indicators.

[0054] This embodiment fully complies with the national standard requirements for roughness measurement. The stylus 32 feeds along the direction perpendicular to the texture, effectively avoiding interference from the texture direction on the measurement results. , , , , , The data of these indicators are highly consistent with the actual surface morphology of the cylinder liner, with no contact error or texture interference error. It can stably obtain the true micro-roughness parameters of the textured surface, and is suitable for single-point and fixed-point precision detection scenarios, providing accurate data support for the control of the core indicators of the cylinder liner texture morphology.

[0055] Example 3: Based on Examples 1 and 2, this embodiment uses full-area continuous scanning measurement along the direction parallel to the mesh pattern as an example to further demonstrate the universality of the method of this application.

[0056] This embodiment is completely identical to steps S1 and S2 of embodiment two, with the main difference being step S3.

[0057] This embodiment is for detecting the continuity and uniformity of the texture pattern across the entire inner wall of a cylinder liner. A composite motion scan is achieved along the direction parallel to the texture pattern. Through the linkage of the vertical moving mechanism 1 and the rotary moving mechanism 2, a spiral motion trajectory parallel to the texture pattern direction is formed. The stylus 32 moves at a constant speed along the texture pattern direction, completing the detection of the overall roughness and texture uniformity of the texture pattern on the entire inner wall of the cylinder liner 4 under test. Specifically: (1) Initial positioning: Start the first servo motor 17, move the ball screw slider 15, the rotary moving mechanism 2 and the stylus roughness tester 3 to the starting measuring end of the mesh pattern on the inner wall of the cylinder liner 4, and lightly touch the inner wall surface with the stylus 32. The initial position is aligned with the starting end of the mesh pattern. If the bottom index of the groove is to be detected, the stylus tip needs to be finely adjusted by the shim so that the tip falls accurately into the bottom position of the mesh groove.

[0058] (2) Parameter input: This embodiment assumes the radius The diameter is 50mm, and the surface texture helix angle of the cylinder liner is 22mm. Because it is necessary to ensure the helix angle of the stylus's movement trajectory Always with the helix angle of the reticulation Vertical, therefore Based on the actual lead of the 4-groove cylinder liner under test. =272mm / r, using the lead formula above, set the speed of the first servo motor 17 (corresponding to the vertical speed) to 272mm / r. ), second servo motor 22 speed , making In this embodiment, we select , This ensures that the generated spiral trajectory is completely parallel to the direction of the mesh texture.

[0059] (3) Linked scanning: The first servo motor 17 and the second servo motor 22 are started synchronously. The first servo motor 17 drives the ball screw 16 to rotate, which drives the ball screw slider 15 to move vertically at a constant speed along the linear motion slide guide seat 14. The second servo motor 22 drives the main synchronous pulley 23 to rotate, which drives the rotating shaft 25, the mounting bracket 29 and the stylus roughness tester 3 to rotate at a constant speed through the synchronous pulley 26 via the synchronous belt 24.

[0060] (4) Measurement along the texture: The two mechanisms work together to form a spiral trajectory parallel to the texture. The stylus 32 moves continuously along this trajectory and in a direction parallel to the texture. The extension rod 31 adaptively extends and retracts to compensate. The stylus 32 is in contact with the textured surface throughout the entire process. The contour signal of the entire texture / groove bottom is collected in real time. For the textured surface, the maximum contour height of each detection point is continuously calculated. Core roughness depth Peak height removed Valley depth removed and support ratio , Indicators record global roughness, texture uniformity, and support ratio distribution data; for the trench bottom, precise data is collected at the trench bottom location. , , , The indicator reflects the micro-processing quality of the bottom of the trench.

[0061] (5) Termination and Reset: When the stylus 32 moves to the end of the cylinder liner 4 for mesh measurement, the first servo motor 17 and the second servo motor 22 stop synchronously, the extension rod 31 drives the stylus 32 to retract, and all mechanisms are reset, completing the full-domain parallel mesh direction scanning measurement.

[0062] This embodiment uses a linkage formula to precisely control motion parameters, enabling the stylus 32 to move continuously and smoothly along the parallel mesh direction. It can complete the scanning and detection of the entire mesh area of ​​the cylinder liner 4 inner hole in one go. It can acquire roughness data at each point and detect the overall uniformity and continuity of the mesh. It is suitable for efficient detection scenarios involving batch processing and the entire area. The two motion trajectories do not interfere with each other, and the measurement stability is strong.

[0063] In summary, the device of this application has the following advantages: (1) Multi-directional detection: Through the composite motion design of vertical moving mechanism and rotary moving mechanism, the traditional stylus measuring instrument can only measure along a single straight line of cylinder liner generatrix. It can realize the stylus moving in any direction such as vertical / parallel texture, which fits the principle of stylus measurement that "texture vertical capture features are more accurate", and greatly improves the accuracy of texture surface morphology parameter measurement. (2) Measurement accuracy is guaranteed: The structure is reasonably and finely designed, eliminating problems such as eccentricity, offset, and jamming from the structure. In addition, the gasket can finely adjust the position of the detector and accurately calibrate the radial distance between the stylus and the cylinder liner, further reducing measurement error. (3) Filling the detection blind spot: It can realize the accurate measurement of the micro-morphology at the bottom of the cylinder liner groove, solving the technical blind spot that traditional measurement cannot reach the bottom of the groove; at the same time, based on the movement trajectory in the groove direction, the groove unobstructed status can be detected simultaneously, and foreign objects, processing defects and other problems can be judged, enriching the project dimensions of cylinder liner groove detection. (4) Convenient inspection and maintenance: The main structure adopts a detachable fixing method, which enables convenient disassembly and assembly and position fine adjustment of various components and testing instruments, reducing the difficulty of equipment debugging; at the same time, it realizes the integrated operation of "roughness measurement + groove defect detection", without the need for additional equipment and procedures, effectively improving the overall detection efficiency of cylinder liner texture and reducing detection and maintenance costs.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" used in the invention are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0065] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylinder liner roughness measuring device based on a stylus-type measuring instrument, comprising a stylus-type roughness detector, characterized in that, It also includes a vertical moving mechanism and a rotary moving mechanism. The stylus-type roughness tester includes an extension rod and a stylus. The rotary moving mechanism is fixed to the vertical moving mechanism and moves vertically and linearly synchronously with the vertical moving mechanism. The stylus-type roughness tester is fixed to the rotary moving mechanism and moves around an axis synchronously with the rotary moving mechanism. The direction of movement of the extension rod is parallel to the generatrix of the surface of the cylinder liner being tested, and the distance from the tip of the stylus to the rotation center line of the rotary moving mechanism is adapted to the radius of the cylinder liner being tested.

2. The cylinder liner texture measuring device based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical movement mechanism includes an instrument base, a linear motion slide guide seat, a ball screw, a ball screw slider, and a first servo motor. The linear motion slide guide seat is "U"-shaped with its opening facing the object to be measured and is fixed to the upper end face of the instrument base. The ball screw is fixed inside the opening side of the linear motion slide guide seat, and the ball screw slider is sleeved on the ball screw and slides in cooperation with the linear motion slide guide seat. The first servo motor is fixed to the end of the linear motion slide guide seat, and its output shaft is connected to the ball screw drive.

3. The cylinder liner texture measuring device based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vertical movement mechanism also includes angle iron, bolts and brackets. The linear motion slide guide seat is detachably fixed to the instrument base by angle iron and bolts. A bracket is fixed on the ball screw slider. The rotary movement mechanism is assembled on the bracket. The first servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate and drives the ball screw slider and the rotary movement mechanism to make vertical linear motion along the linear motion slide guide seat.

4. The cylinder liner texture measuring device based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary movement mechanism includes a second servo motor, a synchronous belt drive assembly, a rotating shaft, a bearing housing, and a mounting bracket. The bearing housing is fixed to the side of the bracket away from the ball screw slider. The rotating shaft passes vertically through the central through hole of the bearing housing. The second servo motor is fixed to the end face of the bracket away from the ball screw slider and located on the side of the bearing housing. The synchronous belt drive assembly is connected between the output shaft of the second servo motor and the upper end of the rotating shaft. The second servo motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate around its own vertical centerline through the synchronous belt drive assembly. The mounting bracket is horizontally fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft. The stylus-type roughness tester is vertically mounted on the end face of the mounting bracket away from the rotating shaft.

5. The cylinder liner texture measuring device based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, The synchronous belt drive assembly includes a driving synchronous pulley, a driven synchronous pulley, and a synchronous belt; the driving synchronous pulley is coaxially fixed to the end of the extended output shaft of the second servo motor, and the driven synchronous pulley is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the rotating shaft; the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley are at the same horizontal height, and the synchronous belt is wrapped around the outer circumference of the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley to form a transmission engagement; the vertical rotation center line of the rotating shaft coincides with the central axis of the inner hole of the cylinder liner being measured, and is parallel to the vertical movement direction of the ball screw slider.

6. The cylinder liner texture measuring device based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, A gasket is provided between the stylus-type roughness tester and the mounting frame; the gasket is sandwiched between the mounting end face of the stylus-type roughness tester and the side end face of the mounting frame opposite to the rotating shaft; the stylus-type roughness tester and the mounting frame are detachably fixed by bolts.

7. A method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on the cylinder liner texture measuring device based on a stylus-type measuring instrument as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Position the cylinder liner to be tested, adjust the device so that the rotation center line of the rotating moving mechanism coincides with the center line of the inner hole of the cylinder liner to be tested, and finely adjust the installation position of the stylus type roughness tester by using shims so that the distance from the stylus tip to the rotation center line of the rotating shaft is equal to the radius of the cylinder liner to be tested. S2. Start the first servo motor of the vertical moving mechanism, drive the ball screw slider to move the rotary moving mechanism and the stylus-type roughness tester up and down, so that the stylus moves to the target measurement position of the cylinder liner being tested. S3. Set the linear displacement speed of the stylus driven by the first servo motor along the axis and the rotational speed of the stylus driven by the second servo motor around the cylinder liner axis. Start the second servo motor and drive the extension rod of the stylus-type roughness tester to move the stylus along the cylinder liner generatrix in a linear motion. Under the combined action of vertical linear motion and rotational motion around the axis, the stylus forms a helical motion trajectory in a preset direction on the surface of the cylinder liner being measured, thereby realizing the measurement of the micro-morphology of the cylinder liner textured surface; wherein, the helix angle θ of the stylus motion trajectory satisfies the formula In the formula R Let be the radius of the cylindrical surface of the cylinder liner being tested. The linear displacement velocity along the stylus axis. The rotational speed of the stylus around the cylinder liner axis.

8. The method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that, When it is necessary to measure the surface morphology parameters of the grooved surface along a direction perpendicular to the cylinder liner groove, the helix angle is set. In the formula The helix angle of the cylinder liner surface texture is positive for right-handed rotation and negative for left-handed rotation. This represents the linear displacement velocity along the stylus axis. Rotational speed of the stylus around the cylinder liner axis Satisfying the matching relationship: .

9. The method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that, When it is necessary to measure the microscopic morphology parameters of the bottom of the cylinder liner groove, first fine-tune the position of the stylus using shims to ensure that the stylus tip falls precisely into the groove, and then set the helix angle. At this time, the linear displacement velocity along the stylus axis Rotational speed of the stylus around the cylinder liner axis Satisfying the matching relationship: The stylus performs a combined vertical and rotary motion along the groove direction to measure the microscopic morphological parameters at the bottom of the groove.

10. The method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on a stylus-type measuring instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the stylus makes a compound movement along the direction of the groove, the unobstructed condition of the cylinder liner groove is detected by the movement trajectory of the stylus, and it is determined whether there are foreign objects or processing defects in the groove.

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