Flywheel energy storage device multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system and control equipment

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system and control device for flywheel energy storage devices. The system includes a workbench, a flywheel energy storage component, a vacuum chamber, and a data processing module. The vacuum chamber creates a vacuum operating environment for the energy storage component, which converts energy through bearing housings, shafts, and flywheel rotors. The data processing module integrates core units such as a data processor. The system uses multiple sensors, including photoelectric encoders and triaxial accelerometers, to synchronously monitor multi-dimensional parameters such as rotational speed, vibration, vacuum level, voltage, and current. Data preprocessing and deep learning fusion analysis improve the accuracy of anomaly detection. Combined with a graded early warning unit, it achieves on-site audible and visual graded early warning, and with a wireless information module, it completes remote early warning. This solves the problems of existing systems such as single monitoring, weak fusion analysis, and delayed early warning, providing comprehensive data support and early warning guarantee for the safe and stable operation of flywheel energy storage devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flywheel energy storage device monitoring technology, specifically relating to a multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system and control equipment for flywheel energy storage devices. Background Technology

[0002] Flywheel energy storage technology is a new type of mechanical energy storage technology. Due to its fast response, high power density, long cycle life and environmental friendliness, it has been widely used in fields such as new energy power generation and consumption, power grid frequency regulation and peak shaving, and regenerative braking energy recovery in rail transit. It converts electrical energy into flywheel mechanical energy for storage through a drive motor, and then releases the mechanical energy back into electrical energy through a generator.

[0003] However, when the flywheel energy storage device is running, the high-speed rotation of the flywheel rotor generates huge centrifugal force, which can easily lead to problems such as bearing wear, decrease in vacuum level of the vacuum chamber, and abnormal vibration. Failure to monitor and warn in time will cause equipment damage, reduced energy storage efficiency, or even safety accidents.

[0004] Existing monitoring systems suffer from drawbacks such as limited monitoring parameters, independent modules, weak data fusion and analysis capabilities, and delayed early warnings. They cannot comprehensively and accurately reflect the operating status of the device in real time, making it difficult to ensure its safe and stable operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system and control equipment for flywheel energy storage devices, in order to solve the technical defects of existing monitoring systems, such as single parameter monitoring, independent modules, weak data fusion and analysis capabilities, and delayed early warning response.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: Firstly, a multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices is provided, including: The workbench has a flywheel energy storage component, a vacuum hood, and a data processing module fixedly installed on its top. The vacuum hood covers and encloses the flywheel energy storage component to create a vacuum operating environment for the flywheel energy storage component. The flywheel energy storage component includes two sets of bearing housings, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the two sets of bearing housings via bearings. A flywheel rotor is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and an optical encoder for detecting the rotation speed of the rotating shaft and the flywheel rotor is connected to the end of the rotating shaft. Both the drive motor and the generator are fixedly mounted on the top of the workbench and are driven by the rotating shaft. The drive motor is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate the flywheel rotor to achieve energy storage, and the generator is used to convert the mechanical energy of the flywheel rotor into electrical energy for output. The data processing module includes a housing, which houses a data processor, a data fusion and analysis unit, an anomaly detection unit, and a graded early warning unit. The data processor is electrically connected to the flywheel energy storage component and is used to collect and preprocess the operating parameters of the flywheel energy storage component.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the flywheel energy storage component further includes: An encoder bracket is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the bearing housing, and a photoelectric encoder is fixedly mounted on the top of the encoder bracket, with the input shaft of the photoelectric encoder being coaxially connected to the rotating shaft.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, a triaxial accelerometer is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of both sets of bearing housings. The triaxial accelerometer is used to detect the vibration parameters of the bearing housing and transmit the vibration parameters to the data processor.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, a vacuum monitoring unit is fixedly mounted on the top outer wall of the vacuum shroud; The vacuum monitoring unit is an ionization vacuum gauge, which is used to detect the vacuum parameters inside the vacuum chamber and transmit the vacuum parameters to the data processor.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, a first sprocket is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the output shaft of the drive motor; A second sprocket is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the input shaft of the generator; The first sprocket, the second sprocket, and the outer wall of the shaft are driven by chain meshing. The drive motor and the generator are both driven by the shaft through a sprocket and chain transmission mechanism.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the drive motor is connected to a first wire, and the generator is connected to a second wire; Both the first and second wires are threaded through the vacuum cover, and the connection points between them and the vacuum cover are sealed. Hall voltage sensors and Hall current sensors are connected in series in both the first and second conductors to detect the voltage and current operating parameters in the corresponding circuits.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, a first circuit board and a second circuit board are also fixedly mounted inside the housing; The data processor, data fusion analysis unit, anomaly detection unit, and hierarchical early warning unit are all integrated on the first circuit board; The second circuit board integrates a wireless information module and a data storage module; The data fusion and analysis unit is adapted to the data processor and is used to extract the operating characteristics from the operating parameters of the flywheel energy storage component.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the data fusion analysis unit employs a deep learning-based fusion algorithm to perform fusion analysis on the preprocessed operating parameters and extract corresponding operating feature information. The anomaly detection unit is used to compare the feature information obtained from the fusion analysis with the preset normal operation threshold to determine whether there is an anomaly in the operation of the flywheel energy storage device.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the graded early warning unit divides the early warning level into a first-level early warning, a second-level early warning, and a third-level early warning based on the anomaly judgment result of the anomaly judgment unit. An alarm and an alarm light are fixedly mounted on the top outer wall of the housing. The alarm and alarm light are electrically connected to the graded early warning unit to realize on-site audible and visual early warning.

[0015] Secondly, a control device for multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning of flywheel energy storage devices is provided, including: Main control chip, data acquisition interface, communication module, early warning output module and storage module; The data acquisition interface is electrically connected to each sensor of the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for the flywheel energy storage device as described above, and is used to receive multi-dimensional operating parameters of the flywheel energy storage device, such as rotational speed, vibration, vacuum degree, voltage and current. The main control chip is electrically connected to the data acquisition interface, communication module, early warning output module and storage module respectively, and is used to perform filtering, noise reduction and normalization preprocessing on the multi-dimensional operating parameters. The main control chip has a built-in deep learning fusion algorithm module and an anomaly judgment module to realize the fusion analysis of the preprocessed parameters, the extraction of operating features and the judgment of abnormal operating status of the device. The early warning output module is electrically connected to the alarm and alarm light of the monitoring and early warning system, and is used to output an early warning control signal of the corresponding level according to the abnormality judgment result to trigger an audible and visual early warning. The communication module is compatible with the wireless information module of the monitoring and early warning system, and is used to realize local interaction and remote transmission of operating data and early warning information. The storage module is used to store the original operating parameters, preprocessed data, fusion analysis results, and early warning records.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By coordinating the work of components such as photoelectric encoders, triaxial accelerometers, and ionization vacuum gauges, synchronous monitoring of multi-dimensional parameters such as rotational speed, vibration, vacuum level, voltage, and current is achieved, overcoming the shortcomings of existing systems that monitor only single parameters and have independent modules. After parameter preprocessing by the data processor, a deep learning-based fusion analysis unit performs multi-parameter fusion analysis, improving the accuracy of anomaly detection and solving the problem of weak data fusion analysis capabilities. Relying on the anomaly detection unit in conjunction with the hierarchical early warning unit, and with the help of alarms and alarm lights, on-site audible and visual hierarchical early warning is achieved. Early warning information is transmitted remotely through a wireless information module, solving the problem of delayed early warning response. Multi-dimensional real-time monitoring avoids the problems of missed or false judgments caused by single-parameter monitoring. On-site and remote hierarchical early warning facilitates rapid response by operation and maintenance personnel, and the integrated setting of each unit improves the system integration and stability, providing comprehensive data support and early warning guarantee for the safe and stable operation of flywheel energy storage devices. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Left view of the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 Right view of the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flywheel energy storage in the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system of the flywheel energy storage device provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the photoelectric encoder installation structure in the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system of the flywheel energy storage device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the data processing module in the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for the flywheel energy storage device provided by the present invention; The components are as follows: 100, workbench; 110, anti-slip legs; 200, bearing housing; 210, bearing; 220, rotating shaft; 230, flywheel rotor; 240, drive motor; 241, first sprocket; 242, chain; 243, second sprocket; 250, photoelectric encoder; 251, encoder bracket; 260, generator; 270, triaxial accelerometer; 300, vacuum chamber; 310, viewing window; 320, vacuum degree monitoring unit; 400, housing; 410, first circuit board; 411, data processor; 412, data fusion analysis unit; 431, anomaly judgment unit; 414, graded early warning unit; 415, data storage module; 420, second circuit board; 421, wireless information module; 422, data storage module; 430, alarm; 431, alarm light; 440, backplate; 450, touch screen display; 460, operation buttons. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0021] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] To address the technical deficiencies mentioned in the background section, this embodiment provides a multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system and control device for flywheel energy storage devices. The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices, such as... Figures 1-7 As shown, the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for the flywheel energy storage device includes a workbench 100, on which a flywheel energy storage component, a vacuum hood 300, and a data processing module are fixedly mounted. The vacuum hood 300 covers and encloses the flywheel energy storage component to create a vacuum operating environment for it. The flywheel energy storage component includes two sets of bearing seats 200, which are rotatably connected to a shaft 220 via bearings 210. A flywheel rotor 230 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the shaft 220, and an optical encoder 250 for detecting the rotational speeds of the shaft 220 and the flywheel rotor 230 is connected to the end of the shaft 220. A drive motor is also included. Both motor 240 and generator 260 are fixedly mounted on the top of workbench 100 and are driven by rotating shaft 220. The drive motor 240 is used to drive rotating shaft 220 to rotate flywheel rotor 230 to achieve energy storage. The generator 260 is used to convert the mechanical energy of flywheel rotor 230 into electrical energy for output. The data processing module includes housing 400. Housing 400 has a built-in data processor 411, data fusion analysis unit 412, anomaly judgment unit 413 and graded early warning unit 414. The data processor 411 is electrically connected to the flywheel energy storage component and is used to collect and preprocess the operating parameters of the flywheel energy storage component.

[0026] The multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices provided by this invention relies on a workbench 100 as the overall installation foundation. It realizes the mutual conversion of electrical energy and mechanical energy through flywheel energy storage components, and constructs a stable vacuum operating environment for the energy storage components with the help of a vacuum hood. It collects multi-dimensional parameters of device operation with the help of multiple types of sensors, and then performs preprocessing, fusion analysis, anomaly judgment and graded early warning through the data processing module. At the same time, it is equipped with dedicated control equipment to realize remote interaction of parameters and accurate output of early warning signals. It solves the technical defects of existing flywheel energy storage device monitoring systems, such as single parameter monitoring, independent modules, weak data fusion analysis capabilities and delayed early warning response. It realizes comprehensive, real-time and accurate monitoring and early warning of the operating status of flywheel energy storage devices, and provides all-round protection for the safe and stable operation of the device.

[0027] Example 1 This embodiment provides a basic multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices, enabling the acquisition, processing, and preliminary early warning of device speed parameters, such as... Figure 1-7As shown, the system includes: a workbench 100, which is a rectangular structure serving as the installation base for the entire system and providing a stable support for each component. Its top surface is flat to ensure the verticality and coaxiality of the components, thus ensuring the stability of the device's operation; and a flywheel energy storage component, including two sets of bearing seats 200, which are symmetrically fixed on one side of the top of the workbench 100. The two sets of bearing seats 200 are rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 220 via bearings 210. The bearings 210 are high-precision deep groove ball bearings. To reduce frictional resistance during the rotation of the low-rotor shaft 220, a flywheel rotor 230 is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the shaft 220. The flywheel rotor 230 is made of high-strength alloy material and has high rotational inertia characteristics, enabling efficient storage of mechanical energy. A photoelectric encoder 250 is connected to the end of the shaft 220 to detect the rotational speed of the shaft 220 and the flywheel rotor 230. The drive motor 240 and the generator 260 are both fixed to the top of the worktable 100 and are in transmission cooperation with the shaft 220. The drive motor 240 is a three-phase asynchronous frequency converter motor with a wide speed range. The system features stable operation and is used to drive the rotating shaft 220 to rotate the flywheel rotor 230 at high speed, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy for energy storage. The generator 260 is a permanent magnet synchronous generator with high energy conversion efficiency, used to convert the mechanical energy of the flywheel rotor 230 into electrical energy for external output to meet external power demand. The vacuum shroud 300 is a transparent sealed cavity structure, fixedly installed on the top of the workbench 100, covering and enclosing the outside of the flywheel energy storage component, used to create a vacuum operating environment for the flywheel energy storage component and reduce the flywheel rotor's... The air resistance during high-speed rotation of 230 reduces energy loss and ensures energy storage efficiency. The data processing module includes a housing 400, which is a metal protective housing and is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench 100 away from the flywheel energy storage component. The housing 400 has a built-in data processor 411, a data fusion analysis unit 412, an anomaly judgment unit 413, and a graded early warning unit 414. The data processor 411 is electrically connected to the flywheel energy storage component and is used to collect and perform filtering, noise reduction, and normalization preprocessing on the operating parameters of the flywheel energy storage component.

[0028] In this embodiment, the photoelectric encoder 250 is an E6B2-CWZ6C incremental photoelectric encoder, which is coaxially connected to the end of the rotating shaft 220. By detecting the rotation angle and speed of the rotating shaft 220, it converts the mechanical displacement into a pulse electrical signal output, providing accurate speed data for subsequent data processing. This encoder model has a resolution of 1000P / R, fast response speed, high detection accuracy, and can capture the speed change of the rotating shaft 220 in real time. The data processor 411 is an STM32F407ZGT6 microcontroller, which serves as the core control unit of the data processing module. It features rich peripheral interfaces and powerful data processing capabilities, receiving pulse electrical signals transmitted by the photoelectric encoder 250 and simultaneously performing preliminary integration of the entire device's operating parameters. The chip incorporates a high-speed computing core, enabling rapid filtering and noise reduction preprocessing of the electrical signals to remove interference noise during signal transmission and ensure parameter accuracy. The data fusion analysis unit 412 uses an FPGA-based XC7K325T chip, which boasts strong parallel computing capabilities and fast processing speed. It receives the preprocessed speed parameters from the data processor 411 and further integrates them. Preliminary fusion analysis is performed to extract characteristic information during the rotational speed operation, such as key features like sudden speed changes and speed fluctuations. Anomaly detection unit 413, integrated into the STM32F407ZGT6 chip, uses a built-in anomaly detection algorithm to compare the rotational speed characteristic information extracted by the data fusion analysis unit 412 with a preset normal rotational speed threshold, enabling preliminary screening of anomalies in the device's rotational speed operation. The preset threshold can be set according to the rated operating parameters of the flywheel energy storage device. A graded early warning unit 414 uses an SN74HC595 shift register chip, working with the data processor 411 to achieve preliminary graded warning signals. When the anomaly detection unit 413 detects a rotational speed anomaly, the graded early warning unit 414 generates a corresponding warning electrical signal based on the severity of the anomaly, providing a signal basis for subsequent audible and visual warnings. The housing 400 also houses a data storage module 415, which uses a W25Q64JVSSIQ flash memory chip for temporary storage of the initially acquired and processed rotational speed data, characteristic information, and anomaly detection results. This chip has a large storage capacity, fast read / write speed, and can achieve real-time data storage.

[0029] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: the external power supply powers the drive motor 240. After the drive motor 240 starts, it drives the rotating shaft 220 to rotate around the bearing 210, which in turn drives the flywheel rotor 230 to rotate synchronously at high speed, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy and storing it in the flywheel rotor 230. The vacuum chamber 300 is a vacuum environment, which effectively reduces the air resistance when the flywheel rotor 230 rotates at high speed and reduces energy loss. During operation, the photoelectric encoder 250 detects the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 220 in real time, converts the mechanical rotation signal into a pulse electrical signal and transmits it to the data processor 411. The data processor 411 filters and performs noise reduction preprocessing on the received pulse electrical signal to remove interference components in the signal and obtain standardized rotation speed parameters. Then, the preprocessed rotation speed parameters are transmitted to the data fusion analysis unit 412. The data fusion analysis unit 412 processes the standardized rotation speed parameters. The speed parameters are fused and analyzed to extract speed operation characteristic information, such as average speed, speed fluctuation amplitude, and speed change point, and the characteristic information is transmitted to the anomaly judgment unit 413. The anomaly judgment unit 413 compares the characteristic information with the preset normal speed operation threshold. If the characteristic information is within the threshold range, the device speed operation is determined to be normal, and the data processor 411 stores the speed data in real time to the data storage module 415. If the characteristic information exceeds the threshold range, the device speed operation is determined to be abnormal, and the anomaly judgment unit 413 transmits the abnormal signal to the graded early warning unit 414. The graded early warning unit 414 generates a corresponding preliminary early warning signal according to the severity of the abnormality. At the same time, the data processor 411 stores the abnormal speed data, characteristic information, and judgment result to the data storage module 415, completing the full-process monitoring and preliminary early warning of the device speed parameters.

[0030] When energy needs to be released, the high-speed rotating flywheel rotor 230 drives the rotating shaft 220 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 220 drives the generator 260 to operate. The generator 260 converts the mechanical energy of the flywheel rotor 230 into electrical energy and outputs it to external electrical equipment, thus realizing the release and utilization of energy.

[0031] Example 2 This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, adds the acquisition and monitoring of vibration parameters and vacuum degree parameters, realizing the coordinated acquisition and comprehensive analysis of multi-dimensional parameters, further improving the accuracy of anomaly detection, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the improvement in this embodiment is as follows: Anti-slip legs 110 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom outer wall of the workbench 100. The anti-slip legs 110 are made of rubber and have anti-slip textures on the bottom. On the one hand, they can effectively increase the friction between the workbench 100 and the placement surface, prevent slippage due to vibration during the operation of the device, and ensure the placement stability of the overall device. On the other hand, they can also play a role in buffering and vibration reduction, reducing the impact of ground vibration on the operation of the flywheel energy storage component and ensuring the accuracy of parameter detection. The flywheel energy storage assembly also includes an encoder bracket 251, which is a metal welded bracket fixed to the outer wall of the bearing housing 200. The photoelectric encoder 250 is fixed to the top of the encoder bracket 251 by bolts, and the input shaft of the photoelectric encoder 250 is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 220. The encoder bracket 251 provides stable installation support for the photoelectric encoder 250, ensuring the coaxiality of the photoelectric encoder 250 and the rotating shaft 220, avoiding speed detection errors caused by installation deviations, and improving speed detection accuracy. Both sets of bearing housings 200 have triaxial accelerometers 270 fixed to their outer walls by bolts. The triaxial accelerometers 270 are MMA7361 type sensors, which are small in size, high in accuracy and fast in response. They can simultaneously detect the vibration acceleration of the bearing housing 200 in the X, Y and Z directions, and thus obtain the vibration parameters of the bearing housing 200. The triaxial accelerometers 270 are electrically connected to the data processor 411 and are used to convert the detected vibration parameters into electrical signals and transmit them to the data processor 411. The vacuum chamber 300 has a vacuum monitoring unit 320 fixedly mounted on its top outer wall via a flange. The vacuum monitoring unit 320 is an ionization vacuum gauge, specifically a DL-8 type ionization vacuum gauge. This gauge has a wide measurement range and high measurement accuracy, and can detect the vacuum parameters inside the vacuum chamber 300 in real time. The ionization vacuum gauge is electrically connected to the data processor 411 and is used to convert the detected vacuum parameters into electrical signals and transmit them to the data processor 411.

[0032] In this embodiment, the STM32F407ZGT6 chip of the data processor 411 expands the signal receiving channel, enabling it to simultaneously receive the rotation speed signal from the photoelectric encoder 250, the vibration signal from the triaxial accelerometer 270, and the vacuum level signal from the ionization vacuum gauge. Its operation is an extension of that in Embodiment 1, specifically as follows: A drive motor 240 drives a flywheel rotor 230 to rotate at high speed for energy storage. A vacuum chamber 300 provides a vacuum operating environment for the flywheel energy storage components. During operation, a photoelectric encoder 250 detects the rotational speed parameters in real time, a triaxial accelerometer 270 detects the vibration parameters of the bearing housing 200 in real time, and an ionization vacuum gauge detects the vacuum level parameters inside the vacuum chamber 300 in real time. The three sensors convert the detected parameters into electrical signals and transmit them synchronously to a data processor 411. The data processor 411 performs filtering, noise reduction, and normalization preprocessing on the received rotational speed, vibration, and vacuum level electrical signals, converting parameters of different dimensions and ranges into standardized operating parameters. Subsequently, the three standardized parameters are synchronously transmitted to a data fusion analysis unit 412. The XC7K325T chip in the data fusion analysis unit 412 performs multi-dimensional fusion analysis on the three standardized parameters. Combining the correlation characteristics between rotational speed, vibration, and vacuum level, it extracts comprehensive characteristic information of the device operation, such as the correlation between sudden changes in rotational speed and increased vibration amplitude, and a decrease in vacuum level. The correlation with speed loss, etc., avoids the limitations of single parameter analysis; the anomaly judgment unit 413 comprehensively compares the integrated feature information after fusion analysis with the preset speed threshold, vibration threshold and vacuum degree threshold. The preset thresholds are set according to the rated operating parameters and safety operation requirements of the flywheel energy storage device. If the integrated feature information is within the range of each threshold, the device is judged to be operating normally, and the data processor 411 stores the three parameters and the fusion analysis results to the data storage module 415; if the feature information of any parameter exceeds the corresponding threshold, or if abnormal correlation characteristics appear between multiple parameters, the device is judged to be operating abnormally; the anomaly judgment unit 413 transmits the abnormal signal to the graded early warning unit 414. The graded early warning unit 414 adjusts the early warning signal level according to the parameter type involved in the abnormality and the severity of the abnormality. At the same time, the data processor 411 stores the multi-dimensional abnormal data, integrated feature information and judgment results to the data storage module 415, completing the collaborative monitoring and comprehensive anomaly judgment of the multi-dimensional parameters of the device speed, vibration and vacuum degree.

[0033] This embodiment achieves multi-dimensional monitoring of the flywheel energy storage device's operating status by adding vibration and vacuum parameters. Combined with multi-parameter fusion analysis technology, it effectively improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of anomaly detection and avoids the problem of missed detection caused by single parameter monitoring.

[0034] Example 3 This embodiment, based on Embodiment 2, improves the transmission structure of the flywheel energy storage component, adds the acquisition and monitoring of voltage and current parameters, realizes real-time monitoring of the device's power supply and output circuit, further enriches the dimensions of parameter monitoring, and optimizes the structural design of the vacuum chamber, such as... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the improvement in this embodiment is as follows: The output shaft of the drive motor 240 is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the first sprocket 241, and the input shaft of the generator 260 is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the second sprocket 243. The first sprocket 241, the second sprocket 243 and the outer wall of the rotating shaft 220 are meshed and transmitted through the chain 242. The drive motor 240 and the generator 260 are both connected to the rotating shaft 220 through the sprocket and chain transmission mechanism. The sprocket and chain transmission mechanism adopts high-precision roller chain transmission, which has high transmission efficiency, accurate transmission ratio and stable operation, ensuring the efficient drive of the drive motor 240 to the rotating shaft 220 and the stable drive of the rotating shaft 220 to the generator 260, so as to realize the efficient conversion of energy. The drive motor 240 is connected to a first wire, which is the power supply wire of the drive motor 240 and connects the external power supply to the terminal of the drive motor 240. The generator 260 is connected to a second wire, which is the output wire of the generator 260 and connects the output mechanism of the generator 260 to the external electrical equipment. Both the first wire and the second wire pass through the vacuum cover 300, and the connection between the two wires and the vacuum cover 300 is sealed. A double sealing method of sealing ring + sealing glue is adopted to ensure the sealing performance of the vacuum cover 300, prevent external air from entering the vacuum cover 300, and ensure the stability of the vacuum operating environment. A Hall voltage sensor and a Hall current sensor are connected in series in both the first and second conductors. The Hall voltage sensor is model LV25-P, which detects the voltage signal in the conductor through the principle of electromagnetic induction, converts the high voltage signal into a low voltage signal and transmits it to the data processor 411 to realize the safe monitoring of the power supply voltage of the drive motor 240 and the output voltage of the generator 260. The Hall current sensor is model ACS712-05B, which detects the current signal in the conductor based on the Hall effect, converts the current signal into a voltage signal and outputs it to the data processor 411 to realize the real-time monitoring of the input current of the drive motor 240 and the output current of the generator 260. Both sensors are electrically connected to the data processor 411 to provide parameter support for the operation of the device circuit. An installation port is opened on the outer wall of the vacuum chamber 300, and a viewing window 310 is sealed and fixed at the installation port. The viewing window 310 is made of high-strength tempered glass, which has good sealing and light transmission. The staff can directly observe the operating status of the flywheel energy storage component inside the vacuum chamber 300 through the viewing window 310, and promptly detect mechanical faults that can be identified by the naked eye, such as shaft misalignment, abnormal noise of the flywheel rotor, and loose chain, so as to achieve visual monitoring.

[0035] In this embodiment, the STM32F407ZGT6 chip of the data processor 411 further expands the signal receiving channels, adding a receiving channel for Hall voltage sensor and Hall current sensor signals. It can simultaneously receive five electrical signals: speed, vibration, vacuum, voltage, and current. Its specific operation is as follows: an external power supply powers the drive motor 240 through the first wire; the Hall voltage sensor and Hall current sensor detect the power supply voltage and input current in the first wire in real time; the drive motor 240 drives the rotating shaft 220 and flywheel rotor 230 to rotate at high speed and store energy through the first sprocket 241 and chain 242; the photoelectric encoder 250 detects the speed parameters. A shaft acceleration sensor 270 detects vibration parameters, and an ionization vacuum gauge detects vacuum parameters. When energy needs to be released, the flywheel rotor 230 drives the shaft 220 to rotate, which in turn drives the generator 260 through the first sprocket 241, the second sprocket 243, and the chain 242. The generator 260 outputs electrical energy through a second conductor. Hall voltage and Hall current sensors detect the output voltage and current in the second conductor in real time. During operation, the five sensors synchronously convert the detected speed, vibration, vacuum, voltage, and current parameters into electrical signals and transmit them to the data processor 411. The data processor 411 filters and denoises the five electrical signals. Normalized preprocessing eliminates signal interference and standardizes parameters. The five standardized parameters are then transmitted to the data fusion analysis unit 412. This unit employs a deep learning-based fusion algorithm to deeply fuse the multi-dimensional preprocessed data. This algorithm, based on a neural network model, is trained on a large amount of flywheel energy storage device operating data to uncover potential correlations between parameters and extract more comprehensive and accurate device operating characteristics, such as the correlation between voltage fluctuations and speed changes, and the correlation between current anomalies and vibration amplitude. The anomaly detection unit 413 then compares the fused characteristic information with preset speed thresholds, vibration thresholds, and vacuum levels. The threshold, voltage threshold, and current threshold are comprehensively compared to accurately determine the mechanical and circuit operating status of the device. If any parameter is abnormal or there is an abnormal correlation between multiple parameters, it is determined that the device is operating abnormally. The graded early warning unit 414 generates an early warning signal of the corresponding level according to the dimension and severity of the abnormality. At the same time, the data processor 411 transmits the five raw parameters, preprocessed data, fusion analysis results, and abnormality judgment results to the data storage module 415 in real time for storage. The staff can observe the mechanical operating status of the flywheel energy storage component through the viewing window 310 and cross-check it with the sensor monitoring data to improve the accuracy of fault judgment.

[0036] This embodiment achieves comprehensive monitoring of the mechanical and electrical operation of the flywheel energy storage device by improving the transmission structure and adding voltage and current parameter monitoring. Based on deep learning multi-parameter fusion analysis technology, it further improves the accuracy of feature information extraction and the reliability of anomaly detection, providing more comprehensive parameter support for the safe and stable operation of the device.

[0037] Example 4 This embodiment, based on embodiment three, optimizes the internal structure of the data processing module, adds audible and visual warning, human-computer interaction, and remote communication functions, enabling on-site output of warning signals, local viewing and remote transmission of operational data, and improving data storage functions, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 7 As shown, the improvement in this embodiment is as follows: The first circuit board 410 and the second circuit board 420 are also fixed inside the housing 400 by bolts. Both the first circuit board 410 and the second circuit board 420 are printed circuit boards with a double-layer board design, which has good electrical performance and anti-interference ability. The data processor 411, the data fusion analysis unit 412, the anomaly judgment unit 413 and the hierarchical early warning unit 414 are all integrated on the first circuit board 410 by surface mount soldering. The units are electrically connected to each other through circuit board wiring, which reduces the number of external wires, reduces signal transmission interference, and improves the integration and operational stability of the data processing module. The second circuit board 420 integrates a wireless information module 421 and a data storage module 422. The wireless information module 421 is used to realize wireless data transmission, and the data storage module 422 is used to realize long-term large-capacity data storage. The data fusion analysis unit 412 is adapted to the data processor 411 and uses a deep learning-based fusion algorithm to perform fusion analysis on the preprocessed five operating parameters and extract the corresponding operating feature information. The algorithm can adjust the analysis model in real time according to the operating status of the device to improve the adaptability and accuracy of feature extraction. The anomaly judgment unit 413 is used to compare the feature information obtained from the fusion analysis with the preset normal operation threshold to accurately determine whether there is an anomaly in the operation of the flywheel energy storage device and the type and severity of the anomaly. The graded early warning unit 414 classifies the early warning levels into Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 based on the anomaly judgment results of the anomaly judgment unit 413. Level 1 is a minor anomaly that only affects the operating efficiency of the device and does not affect safe operation; Level 2 is a moderate anomaly that may lead to device malfunction if not handled promptly; Level 3 is a severe anomaly that directly threatens the safe operation of the device and requires immediate shutdown. An alarm 430 and an alarm light 431 are fixedly mounted on the top outer wall of the housing 400 via a bracket. The alarm 430 is a BJ-1 type electronic buzzer, and the alarm light 431 is an LTE-5071 type tri-color warning light. Both the alarm 430 and the alarm light 431 are electrically connected to the graded early warning unit 414 to achieve on-site audible and visual early warning. Different early warning levels correspond to different audible and visual early warning modes. During a Level 1 warning, alarm light 431 illuminates green, and alarm 430 provides no audible alert. During a Level 2 warning, alarm light 431 illuminates yellow, and alarm 430 emits an intermittent audible alert. During a Level 3 warning, alarm light 431 illuminates red, and alarm 430 emits a continuous audible alert. Staff can quickly determine the level of abnormality of the device through the sound and light signals. The front outer wall of the housing 400 is embedded with a fixed touch screen display 450 and operation buttons 460. The touch screen display 450 is a TFT 3.5-480x320 LCD touch screen, and the operation buttons 460 are TS-1102 tactile buttons. Both the touch screen display 450 and the operation buttons 460 are electrically connected to the data processor 411. The touch screen display 450 is used to display the device's five operating parameters, fusion analysis results, anomaly judgment results, and warning levels in real time. It also supports touch operation by the operator to realize parameter setting and command input. The operation buttons 460 include a power button, a power button, a parameter setting button, an alarm reset button, etc. The operator can quickly realize basic control of the device by pressing the operation buttons 460, improving the convenience of human-machine interaction. The back plate 440 is fixed to the back of the housing 400 by bolts. The back plate 440 is a metal heat dissipation back plate with heat dissipation fins on the surface, which can effectively dissipate the heat generated by the electronic components inside the housing 400 to the outside, prevent the components from being damaged due to excessive internal temperature, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the data processing module. The wireless information module 421 uses an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, which is electrically connected to the data processor 411. It has wireless communication capabilities and can wirelessly transmit operating data, analysis results, and early warning information, facilitating remote monitoring. The data storage module 422 uses a SATA3-2TB solid-state drive, which is connected to the data processor 411. The solid-state drive has the characteristics of large storage capacity, fast read and write speed, and good shock resistance. It is used to store the raw operating data collected by the monitoring system, the analysis data processed by the data processing module, and early warning records, ensuring long-term data storage and traceability, and facilitating subsequent analysis of the device's operating status and troubleshooting by staff.

[0038] In this embodiment, the various units of the data processing module work collaboratively to achieve integrated functions of data processing, anomaly detection, tiered early warning, human-computer interaction, remote transmission, and data storage. The specific working process is as follows: The five sensors transmit the raw parameters of rotation speed, vibration, vacuum degree, voltage, and current to the data processor 411. The data processor 411 preprocesses the raw parameters by filtering, denoising, and normalizing, and then transmits them to the data fusion analysis unit 412. The data fusion analysis unit 412 uses a deep learning-based fusion algorithm to deeply fuse the preprocessed data, extracting comprehensive feature information of the device operation, and transmits it to the anomaly judgment unit 413. The anomaly judgment unit 413 compares the comprehensive feature information with a preset threshold to determine whether the device is abnormal and the level of abnormality. If it is determined to be operating normally, the data processor 411 transmits the raw parameters and fusion analysis results to the touch screen 450 for real-time display, and simultaneously transmits them to the data storage module 422 for long-term storage, and transmits the key operating data to the remote monitoring center via the wireless information module 421. If it is determined to be operating abnormally, the anomaly judgment unit 413 transmits the abnormal signal and abnormality level to the graded early warning unit 414. 414 sends corresponding early warning control signals to the alarm 430 and alarm light 431 according to the anomaly level, triggering on-site audible and visual warnings: alarm light 431 lights up green during a level 1 warning, alarm light 431 lights up yellow and alarm 430 sounds intermittently during a level 2 warning, and alarm light 431 lights up red and alarm 430 sounds continuously during a level 3 warning. Simultaneously, data processor 411 transmits raw parameters, preprocessed data, fusion analysis results, anomaly judgment results, and warning levels to the touch screen 450 for display. Staff can visually view the device's anomaly information through the touch screen 450 and perform parameter adjustments, alarm resets, and other operations through operation buttons 460. All data is synchronously stored in the solid-state drive of data storage module 422 for long-term data preservation. At the same time, wireless information module 421 transmits anomaly information, warning levels, and key operating data to the remote monitoring center in real time for remote monitoring. Remote staff can promptly grasp the device's operating status and issue corresponding processing instructions.

[0039] When staff detect an anomaly in the device via audible and visual warnings, touchscreen displays, or remote monitoring centers, they can take corresponding measures based on the anomaly level: Level 1 warnings allow continued operation while closely monitoring the device status, followed by troubleshooting after shutdown; Level 2 warnings require timely adjustment of operating parameters, and if the anomaly persists after parameter adjustment, shutdown is necessary for investigation; Level 3 warnings require immediate shutdown via operation button 460 or remote command to prevent the fault from escalating, and the device can only be restarted after the fault has been investigated and resolved.

[0040] Example 5 Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a control device for multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning of a flywheel energy storage device, which is used in conjunction with the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices described in embodiments one to four above, to realize remote control of the monitoring system, centralized processing of parameters, and accurate output of early warning signals. The control device includes: a main control chip, a data acquisition interface, a communication module, an early warning output module, and a storage module.

[0041] The main control chip is an STM32F103ZET6 microcontroller; the data acquisition interface is an RS485 bus interface, which has the characteristics of strong anti-interference ability and long transmission distance. It is electrically connected to the various sensors and data processors 411 of the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system of the flywheel energy storage device. It is used to receive multi-dimensional operating parameters of the flywheel energy storage device, including raw parameters, pre-processed data, fusion analysis results and anomaly judgment results. The communication module uses a 4G / 5G dual-mode communication module, which is compatible with the wireless information module 421 of the monitoring and early warning system. It also supports network communication with the remote monitoring center to realize local interaction and remote transmission of operating data and early warning information. It can transmit various types of data of the monitoring system to the remote monitoring center, and can also transmit the control commands of the remote monitoring center to the data processor 411 of the monitoring system. The early warning output module uses a relay output module, which is electrically connected to the alarm 430 and alarm light 431 of the monitoring and early warning system. It is used to output the corresponding level of early warning control signal according to the abnormal judgment result, trigger the on-site audible and visual early warning, and can also be connected to external audible and visual alarm equipment to realize the extended output of early warning signal. The storage module uses an SD card storage module, paired with a large-capacity SD card, to store raw operating parameters, preprocessed data, fusion analysis results, and early warning records, enabling portable data storage and off-site backup.

[0042] In this embodiment, the main control chip is electrically connected to the data acquisition interface, communication module, early warning output module, and storage module. Its operation involves the data acquisition interface receiving multi-dimensional operating parameters and various analysis results transmitted from the monitoring system in real time, and then transmitting the data to the main control chip. The main control chip performs secondary filtering, noise reduction, and normalization preprocessing on the received multi-dimensional operating parameters to further improve data accuracy. Furthermore, the main control chip has a built-in deep learning fusion algorithm module and an anomaly detection module, which can perform further fusion analysis, operating feature extraction, and device anomaly status determination on the preprocessed parameters, cross-validating with the anomaly detection results of the monitoring system to improve the reliability of anomaly detection. If the main control chip determines that the device is operating abnormally, it determines the severity of the anomaly based on the severity of the anomaly. The system generates corresponding early warning control signals, which are transmitted to the alarm 430 and alarm light 431 of the monitoring system through the early warning output module, triggering on-site audible and visual early warnings. Simultaneously, the early warning information can be transmitted to the remote monitoring center via the communication module for remote early warning. If the main control chip determines that the device is operating normally, it transmits the operating data to the remote monitoring center via the communication module, and simultaneously stores all data in the storage module for data backup. The remote monitoring center can send control commands to the main control chip via the communication module, such as parameter adjustment, shutdown, and alarm reset. After receiving the control commands, the main control chip transmits them to the data processor 411 of the monitoring system via the data acquisition interface, realizing remote control of the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for the flywheel energy storage device.

[0043] As a supporting device for the monitoring system, this control equipment enables secondary processing of monitoring data and secondary judgment of anomalies, improving the reliability of monitoring and early warning. At the same time, it enables remote transmission of operating data and remote control of the device, facilitating remote operation and maintenance of the flywheel energy storage device by staff, reducing operation and maintenance costs and improving operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0044] The overall working principle is as follows: When used by those skilled in the art, the flywheel energy storage device is installed on the workbench 100 as the mounting base. The anti-slip support legs 110 ensure the stable placement of the device and prevent slippage or vibration during operation. The external power supply supplies power to the drive motor 240 through the first wire. After the drive motor 240 starts, it drives the rotating shaft 220 to rotate around the bearing 210 through the first sprocket 241 and the chain 242, thereby driving the flywheel rotor 230 to rotate synchronously at high speed, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy and storing it in the flywheel rotor 230. The vacuum shroud 300 provides a vacuum operating environment for the flywheel rotor 230, reducing air resistance and energy loss, and ensuring energy storage efficiency.

[0045] During device operation, multiple types of sensors synchronously collect operating parameters: photoelectric encoder 250 detects the rotational speed of shaft 220 and flywheel rotor 230 in real time, triaxial accelerometer 270 detects the vibration parameters of bearing housing 200 in real time, ionization vacuum gauge 320 detects the vacuum level parameters inside vacuum chamber 300 in real time, and Hall voltage sensor and Hall current sensor detect the voltage and current parameters in the first wire and second wire respectively. Each sensor converts the collected raw operating parameters into electrical signals and synchronously transmits them to data processor 411 of data processing module.

[0046] The data processor 411 performs filtering, noise reduction, and normalization preprocessing on the received multi-dimensional electrical signals to eliminate interference during signal transmission and obtain standardized operating parameters. The preprocessed parameters are then transmitted to the data fusion analysis unit 412. The data fusion analysis unit 412 uses a deep learning-based fusion algorithm to perform deep fusion analysis on the multi-dimensional standardized parameters, mine the potential correlation characteristics between the parameters, extract the comprehensive feature information of the device operation, and transmit the feature information to the anomaly judgment unit 413.

[0047] The anomaly judgment unit 413 compares the comprehensive feature information with the preset normal operation threshold to accurately determine whether the flywheel energy storage device has an operational anomaly and the type and severity of the anomaly. If it is determined to be an abnormal operation, the anomaly signal is transmitted to the graded early warning unit 414. The graded early warning unit 414 divides the early warning level into level one, level two, and level three according to the severity of the anomaly, and sends corresponding early warning control signals to the alarm 430 and the alarm light 431 to trigger on-site audible and visual early warning. Different early warning levels correspond to different audible and visual modes, which facilitates quick identification by staff.

[0048] Meanwhile, the data processor 411 transmits the raw operating parameters, preprocessed data, fusion analysis results, anomaly judgment results, and early warning levels to the touch screen 450 for real-time display. Staff can intuitively view the device's operating status through the touch screen 450 and also perform operations such as parameter setting, alarm reset, and shutdown through the operation button 460. All data is synchronously stored in the solid-state drive of the data storage module 422 to achieve long-term data storage and traceability. The wireless information module 421 transmits key operating data and anomaly early warning information to the supporting control equipment in real time. The control equipment further transmits the data to the remote monitoring center through the communication module to achieve remote monitoring.

[0049] Staff at the remote monitoring center can monitor the operating status of the flywheel energy storage device in real time through the control equipment. If an abnormality is detected, control commands can be sent to the monitoring system through the control equipment to achieve remote control of the device. Staff can also directly observe the mechanical operating status of the flywheel energy storage component through the viewing window 310 of the vacuum hood 300, and cross-reference it with the sensor monitoring data to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis.

[0050] When energy needs to be released, the high-speed rotating flywheel rotor 230 drives the rotating shaft 220 to rotate. The rotating shaft 220 drives the generator 260 to operate through the first sprocket 241, the second sprocket 243 and the chain 242. The generator 260 converts the mechanical energy of the flywheel rotor 230 into electrical energy, which is output to the external electrical equipment through the second wire to realize the release and utilization of energy. During the energy release process, the sensors continue to collect operating parameters, and the data processing module and control equipment continue to process data and monitor and warn to ensure the safety and stability of the energy release process.

[0051] This invention achieves comprehensive real-time monitoring of multiple operating parameters of flywheel energy storage devices, including speed, vibration, vacuum, voltage, and current, through multi-sensor collaborative operation. Combined with deep learning-based multi-parameter fusion analysis technology, it effectively improves the accuracy and reliability of anomaly detection, avoiding the problems of missed or false detections caused by single-parameter monitoring. A tiered early warning mechanism, coupled with on-site audible and visual warnings and remote communication warnings, can accurately transmit warning information according to the severity of anomalies, facilitating rapid response and handling by maintenance personnel. The integrated use of the monitoring system and control equipment enables local data viewing, remote transmission, and remote control of the device, improving the convenience and efficiency of maintenance. The integrated setup and optimized structural design of each unit enhance the system's integration, stability, and anti-interference capabilities, providing comprehensive data support and early warning assurance for the safe and stable operation of flywheel energy storage devices.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit its scope of protection. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that after reading the present invention, they can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices, characterized in that, include: The workbench has a flywheel energy storage component, a vacuum hood, and a data processing module fixedly installed on its top. The vacuum hood covers and encloses the flywheel energy storage component to create a vacuum operating environment for the flywheel energy storage component. The flywheel energy storage component includes two sets of bearing housings, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the two sets of bearing housings via bearings. A flywheel rotor is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and an optical encoder for detecting the rotation speed of the rotating shaft and the flywheel rotor is connected to the end of the rotating shaft. Both the drive motor and the generator are fixedly mounted on the top of the workbench and are driven by the rotating shaft. The drive motor is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate the flywheel rotor to achieve energy storage, and the generator is used to convert the mechanical energy of the flywheel rotor into electrical energy for output. The data processing module includes a housing, which houses a data processor, a data fusion and analysis unit, an anomaly detection unit, and a graded early warning unit. The data processor is electrically connected to the flywheel energy storage component and is used to collect and preprocess the operating parameters of the flywheel energy storage component.

2. The multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flywheel energy storage component also includes: An encoder bracket is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the bearing housing, and a photoelectric encoder is fixedly mounted on the top of the encoder bracket, with the input shaft of the photoelectric encoder being coaxially connected to the rotating shaft.

3. The multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sets of bearing housings have triaxial accelerometers fixedly mounted on their outer walls. The triaxial accelerometers are used to detect the vibration parameters of the bearing housings and transmit the vibration parameters to the data processor.

4. The multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vacuum monitoring unit is fixedly mounted on the top outer wall of the vacuum chamber; The vacuum monitoring unit is an ionization vacuum gauge, which is used to detect the vacuum parameters inside the vacuum chamber and transmit the vacuum parameters to the data processor.

5. The multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sprocket is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the output shaft of the drive motor; A second sprocket is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the input shaft of the generator; The first sprocket, the second sprocket, and the outer wall of the shaft are driven by chain meshing. The drive motor and the generator are both driven by the shaft through a sprocket and chain transmission mechanism.

6. The multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motor is connected to a first wire, and the generator is connected to a second wire; Both the first and second wires are threaded through the vacuum cover, and the connection points between them and the vacuum cover are sealed. Hall voltage sensors and Hall current sensors are connected in series in both the first and second conductors to detect the voltage and current operating parameters in the corresponding circuits.

7. The multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing also contains a first circuit board and a second circuit board; The data processor, data fusion analysis unit, anomaly detection unit, and hierarchical early warning unit are all integrated on the first circuit board; The second circuit board integrates a wireless information module and a data storage module; The data fusion and analysis unit is adapted to the data processor and is used to extract the operating characteristics from the operating parameters of the flywheel energy storage component.

8. The multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices according to claim 7, characterized in that, The data fusion analysis unit uses a deep learning-based fusion algorithm to perform fusion analysis on the preprocessed operating parameters and extract the corresponding operating feature information. The anomaly detection unit is used to compare the feature information obtained from the fusion analysis with the preset normal operation threshold to determine whether there is an anomaly in the operation of the flywheel energy storage device.

9. The multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for flywheel energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hierarchical early warning unit divides the early warning level into Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 early warning based on the anomaly judgment result of the anomaly judgment unit; An alarm and an alarm light are fixedly mounted on the top outer wall of the housing. The alarm and alarm light are electrically connected to the graded early warning unit to realize on-site audible and visual early warning.

10. A control device for multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning of a flywheel energy storage device, characterized in that, include: Main control chip, data acquisition interface, communication module, early warning output module and storage module; The data acquisition interface is electrically connected to each sensor of the multi-parameter fusion monitoring and early warning system for the flywheel energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1-9, and is used to receive multi-dimensional operating parameters of the flywheel energy storage device, including rotational speed, vibration, vacuum degree, voltage and current. The main control chip is electrically connected to the data acquisition interface, communication module, early warning output module and storage module respectively, and is used to perform filtering, noise reduction and normalization preprocessing on the multi-dimensional operating parameters. The main control chip has a built-in deep learning fusion algorithm module and an anomaly judgment module to realize the fusion analysis of the preprocessed parameters, the extraction of operating features and the judgment of abnormal operating status of the device. The early warning output module is electrically connected to the alarm and alarm light of the monitoring and early warning system, and is used to output an early warning control signal of the corresponding level according to the abnormality judgment result to trigger an audible and visual early warning. The communication module is compatible with the wireless information module of the monitoring and early warning system, and is used to realize local interaction and remote transmission of operating data and early warning information. The storage module is used to store the original operating parameters, preprocessed data, fusion analysis results, and early warning records.

Images