A hand-held multifunctional universal soil detector host circuit

Abstract

This application discloses a handheld multi-functional universal soil testing instrument main circuit, including a central processing unit module, a power supply module, a display module, a keyboard input module, a voice broadcast module, a real-time clock module, a positioning module interface, a sensor interface, and a host computer interface. The central processing unit module serves as the control center of the entire instrument; the power supply module provides power to all modules and interfaces; the display module displays information data; the keyboard input module provides keyboard input functionality; the voice broadcast module outputs voice information; the real-time clock module provides a real-time clock; the positioning module provides positioning information; the sensor interface connects to soil sensors; and the host computer interface connects to a host computer. Based on these technical principles, on the one hand, the main unit can connect to various soil sensors through a standard sensor interface, thereby achieving different parameter detection functions and improving the equipment's versatility; on the other hand, by designing the interface circuits for the voice broadcast module, real-time clock module, and positioning module, the main unit possesses application functions such as voice broadcast, timing, automatic recording, and positioning, enhancing the application value of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of soil parameter testing, particularly handheld rapid testing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, factors such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, and the use of pesticides and fertilizers have led to a decline in soil environmental quality, posing a threat to the ecological environment and human health.

[0003] The rational use of land resources and the improvement of soil quality are key to achieving sustainable agricultural development. Soil parameter testing can scientifically guide agricultural production activities such as fertilization and irrigation, thereby improving agricultural yield and quality.

[0004] Handheld soil analyzers are mainly used to detect various elements in soil, such as soil temperature, moisture, salinity, and pH value. They typically consist of a main unit and sensors, and are simple to operate yet powerful in function.

[0005] Handheld soil analyzers are small, lightweight, and easy to carry. They can quickly obtain key parameters such as soil nutrients, moisture, and pH levels, providing timely data support for agricultural production. They play an important role in modern agricultural technology, not only improving the efficiency and accuracy of agricultural production but also providing important support for environmental protection and soil health management.

[0006] However, most handheld soil testing instruments currently have two limitations. On the one hand, they are limited in function, only having common functions such as detection and data storage, and lacking other functions such as positioning, timing, automatic recording, voice broadcasting, and offline storage. On the other hand, the main unit has poor compatibility and scalability, and the types and accuracy range of detection parameters of the whole machine are limited. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To improve the versatility, expandability, compatibility, and diversity of testing parameters of handheld soil testers, this application proposes a main circuit for a handheld multifunctional general-purpose soil tester.

[0008] The main circuit of the handheld multi-functional universal soil tester provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A handheld, multi-functional, universal soil testing instrument's main circuit includes a central processing unit (CPU) module, a power supply module, a display module, a keyboard input module, a voice broadcast module, a real-time clock module, a positioning module interface, a sensor interface, and a host computer interface. The CPU module serves as the overall control center; the power supply module provides power to all modules and interfaces, and is connected to the required power supply modules and interfaces; the display module displays information data and is connected to the CPU module; the keyboard input module provides keyboard input functionality and is connected to the CPU module; the voice broadcast module outputs voice information and is connected to the CPU module; the real-time clock module provides a real-time clock for the instrument and is connected to the CPU module; the positioning module provides positioning information for the instrument and is connected to the CPU module; the sensor interface connects to soil sensors and is connected to the CPU module; and the host computer interface connects to a host computer and is connected to the CPU module.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, on the one hand, in addition to basic detection functions, the host also has functions such as display, keyboard input, voice broadcast, real-time clock, positioning and connection to host computer; on the other hand, the host and the sensor are independently connected, and through the standard interface, sensors with different detection parameters and accuracies can be connected, making the host versatile.

[0010] In one embodiment, the host circuit is based on an embedded system design, and the central control processing module adopts a microcontroller design.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the highly integrated embedded system circuit facilitates the design of handheld host devices. In addition, the rich peripheral interface resources of the microcontroller facilitate the design of multifunctional complete circuits.

[0012] In one embodiment, the power module circuit uses a battery-powered method. The circuit realizes battery charging, power switch, power detection, and voltage conversion output functions. It is connected to the host computer interface to input the charging voltage, the power detection signal is connected to the central processing unit, and the converted output voltage is connected to other modules of the whole machine, including the central processing unit module, display module, keyboard input module, voice broadcast module, real-time clock module, positioning module interface, and sensor interface.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the circuit of the whole machine has the functions of charging, power detection, portable power supply and multi-channel power output, which facilitates the handheld design of the whole machine and the multi-channel power output, and meets the needs of the multi-functional design of the whole machine.

[0014] In one embodiment, the keyboard input module uses a touch-sensitive key method, with each key independently connected to the central processing unit module to achieve key input response. The interface power signal is connected to the power module, which provides power input.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, stable, reliable and sensitive keyboard input can be obtained. In addition, each key is independent of the others, which is easy to expand and simplifies the complexity of software design.

[0016] In one embodiment, the voice broadcast module, the real-time clock module, and the positioning module interface all adopt independent circuit modules, which are connected to the central processing unit through serial port signals, and the interface power signals are connected to the power module, which provides power input.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solutions, functions can be designed flexibly, making circuit design simple, easy to expand, and simplifying software design complexity.

[0018] In one embodiment, the sensor interface adopts a standard serial port, the serial port signal is connected to the central processing unit, and the interface power signal is connected to the power module, which provides power input.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the circuit design is simplified, and it can be compatible with various soil sensors to achieve different parameter detection functions.

[0020] In one embodiment, the host computer interface is a host-host computer data communication module that connects the central processing unit and the external application host computer. It interacts with the host computer according to a specific interface protocol to achieve the required functions, such as data uploading and parameter setting.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, the host computer can be flexibly selected from terminal devices such as PCs, mobile phones, and PDAs, and different interface protocols can be selected according to different application scenarios.

[0022] In summary, the embodiments of this application include at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By adopting a standard sensor interface, it can be compatible with a variety of soil sensors, thereby realizing different parameter detection functions and improving the versatility of the equipment. 2. By designing interface circuits for the voice broadcast module, real-time clock module, and positioning module, the host computer is equipped with application functions such as voice broadcast, timing, automatic recording, and positioning, thereby enhancing the application value of the equipment.

[0023] Details of one or more embodiments of this application are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects and advantages of this application more readily apparent. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is an overall block diagram of the main circuit of a handheld multi-functional general-purpose soil tester, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the central processing unit module of the main circuit of a handheld multi-functional general-purpose soil tester, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the keyboard input module of the main circuit of a handheld multi-functional general-purpose soil tester, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the voice broadcast module of the main circuit of a handheld multi-functional general-purpose soil tester, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the real-time clock module of the main circuit of a handheld multi-functional general-purpose soil tester, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interface of the main circuit positioning module of a handheld multi-functional general-purpose soil tester, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main circuit sensor interface of a handheld multi-functional universal soil tester, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the host computer interface of a handheld multi-functional general-purpose soil tester, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main circuit display module of a handheld multi-functional general-purpose soil tester, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0034] Appendix Figure 1 Labeling descriptions: 1. Central Processing Unit (CPU) module; 2. Power Supply module; 3. Keyboard Input module; 4. Voice Broadcasting module; 5. Real-time Clock module; 6. Positioning Module Interface; 7. Sensor Interface; 8. Host Computer Interface; 9. Display Screen Module. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-9An exemplary embodiment of this application will be described in further detail.

[0036] Figure 1 The overall block diagram according to an exemplary embodiment includes a central processing unit module 1, a power supply module 2, a keyboard input module 3, a voice broadcast module 4, a real-time clock module 5, a positioning module interface 6, a sensor interface 7, a host computer interface 8, and a display module 9. The entire system is centered around the central processing unit module 1 and the power supply module 2, with the central processing unit module serving as the logic control center and the power supply module providing power to all modules. The other modules are various independent functional modules, including the keyboard input module 3 for keyboard input, the voice broadcast module 4 for voice broadcast, the real-time clock module 5 for real-time clock functionality, the positioning module interface 6 for positioning functionality, the sensor interface 7 for sensor connection functionality, the host computer interface 8 for host computer connection functionality, and the display module for display functionality.

[0037] According to an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of the central processing unit module. Figure 3 This is the schematic diagram of the keyboard input module. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the voice broadcast module. Figure 5 This is the schematic diagram of the real-time clock module. Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of the positioning module interface. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor interface. Figure 8 This is the schematic diagram of the host computer interface. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the display module.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the system includes integrated chip U5, which is an STM32 processor, model STM32F103RET6. Pins 1, 13, 19, 22, 48, and 64 of U5 are connected to a +3.3V power supply; pins 12, 17, 31, 47, and 63 are connected to ground (GND); pins 5 and 6 are connected to a crystal oscillator as an external clock source input; pin 7 is connected to a reset input signal, active low; pins 46 and 49 are connected to an emulator; and other pins are connected to other modules. The pin connections between modules use the same network identifier name, which will be described in detail below.

[0039] like Figure 3The diagram shown is a schematic of the keyboard input module, including buttons S2, S3, S4, and S5; resistors R40, R41, R42, and R43; and capacitors C26, C27, C28, and C29. Button S2 has one end connected to ground (GND) and the other end connected to the processor (network label PB15). It is also connected to resistor R40 and capacitor C26, with the other end of resistor R40 connected to the +3.3V power supply and the other end of capacitor C26 connected to ground (GND). Button S3 has one end connected to ground (GND) and the other end connected to the processor (network label PB14). It is also connected to resistor R41 and capacitor C27, with the other end of resistor R41 connected to the +3.3V power supply and the other end of capacitor C27 connected to ground (GND). Button S4 has one end connected to ground (GND) and the other end connected to the processor (network label PB13). It is also connected to resistor R42 and capacitor C28, with the other end of resistor R42 connected to the +3.3V power supply and the other end of capacitor C28 connected to ground (GND). Button S5 has one end connected to ground (GND) and the other end connected to the processor (network label PB12). It is also connected to resistor R43 and capacitor C29, with the other end of resistor R43 connected to the +3.3V power supply and the other end of capacitor C29 connected to ground (GND).

[0040] like Figure 4 The diagram shows the schematic of the voice broadcast module, which includes an integrated chip U10 and a speaker U11. U10 is the voice broadcast chip, model BY8301-16P. Pins 1 and 2 of U10 are connected to two pins of the speaker U11, pin 6 is connected to the power supply VCC5.0, pin 16 is connected to ground GND, and pins 7 and 8 are connected to the serial port 4 of the central processing unit. Pin 7 is connected to the serial port receive signal UASRT4_RX, and pin 8 is connected to the serial port transmit signal UASRT4_TX.

[0041] like Figure 5 The diagram shows the schematic of a real-time clock module, including an integrated chip U9, an oscillator Y2, a diode D7, a battery BT1, and a capacitor C24. The integrated chip U9 is a real-time clock chip, model DS1302Z+T&R. The oscillator Y2 is a crystal oscillator, model DT-3832.768KHz, providing the clock source for the circuit. Pins 2 and 3 of the integrated chip U9 are connected to the two pins of the crystal oscillator Y2, respectively. Pin 1 of U9 is connected to the +3.3V capacitor and one end of the capacitor C24, while the other end of the capacitor C24 is connected to ground (GND). Pin 8 of U9 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D7. The positive terminal of diode D7 is connected to the positive terminal of battery BT1, and the negative terminal of battery BT1 is connected to ground (GND). Pin 5 of U9 is connected to the central processing unit module, network label PB0, and its function is to enable the control module. Pin 6 of U9 is connected to the central processing unit module, network label PC5, and its function is to read real-time clock data.

[0042] like Figure 6 The diagram shows the interface schematic of the positioning module, including connector P4. Pin 1 is connected to the central processing unit module, with network label PC3, and its function is to read the positioning status. Pins 3 and 4 are connected to the serial port 5 of the central processing unit module, with network labels USART5_TX and USART5_RX, respectively, and their function is to read positioning data. Pin 2 is connected to ground GND, and pin 5 is connected to power supply VCC5.0.

[0043] like Figure 7 The diagram shows the sensor interface schematic, including integrated chip U6, chip A1, resistors R32, R35, and R36, capacitor C20, fuses PTC1 and PTC2, and connector P3. Integrated chip U6 is a serial port converter chip, model TPS485SE-SR, which converts a TTL level serial port to a 485 serial port. Chip A1 is a voltage regulator chip, using an SM712 signal. Pins 2 and 3 of U6 are connected to the central processing unit module, network labeled PA1, and are also connected to one end of resistor R32, the other end of which is connected to ground (GND). Pins 1 and 4 of U6 are connected to serial port 3 of the central processing unit module, network labeled USART3_TX and USART3_RX, respectively. Pin 5 of U6 is connected to ground (GND). Pin 8 of U6 is connected to the +3.3V power supply. Connect one end of capacitor C20 to ground (GND); pin 6 of U6 is connected to pin 2 of voltage regulator A1 and one end of fuse PTC2. The other end of fuse PTC2 is connected to pin 1 of connector P3 (network label 485A); pin 7 of U6 is connected to pin 1 of voltage regulator A1 and one end of fuse PTC1. The other end of fuse PTC1 is connected to pin 2 of connector P3 (network label 485B); pin 3 of voltage regulator A1 is connected to ground (GND); pin 3 of connector P3 is connected to ground (GND), and pin 4 is connected to the +12V power supply.

[0044] like Figure 8The diagram shows the schematic of the host computer interface, including integrated chip U7, capacitors C22 and C23, and connector J1. Integrated chip U7 is a USB-to-serial chip, model CH340E, which converts the host computer's USB interface into a serial port, enabling the host computer to communicate with the central processing unit module via the serial port through the USB interface. J1 is a USB TYPE-C connector, model TYPE-C16PIN. Pin 1 of integrated chip U7 is connected to pins A6 and B6 of J1, with network label D+; pin 2 of integrated chip U7 is connected to pins A7 and B7 of J1, with network label D-; pin 3 of integrated chip U7 is connected to ground GND; pin 6 of integrated chip U7 is connected to the +3.3V power supply and also to one end of capacitor C22, with the other end of capacitor C22 connected to ground GND; pin 10 of integrated chip U7 is connected to the +3.3V power supply and also to one end of capacitor C23, with the other end of capacitor C23 connected to ground GND; pins 8 and 9 of integrated chip U7 are connected to serial port 1 of the central processing unit module, with network labels USART1_RX and USART1_TX, respectively.

[0045] like Figure 9 The diagram shown is a schematic of the display module, including the display LCD1, a 2.8-inch serial port display. Pin 1 is connected to the power supply VCC5.0, pin 2 is connected to ground GND, and pins 3 and 4 are connected to the central processing unit module, respectively. The network labels are USART2_TX and USART2_RX.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A handheld, multi-functional, universal soil testing instrument main circuit, characterized in that: The system includes a central processing unit (CPU) module, a power supply module, a display module, a keyboard input module, a voice broadcast module, a real-time clock module, a positioning module interface, a sensor interface, and a host computer interface. The CPU module serves as the overall control center; the power supply module provides power to all modules and interfaces, connecting to the required power supply modules and interfaces; the display module displays information and data, connecting to the CPU module; the keyboard input module provides keyboard input functionality, connecting to the CPU module; the voice broadcast module outputs voice information, connecting to the CPU module; the real-time clock module provides a real-time clock for the system, connecting to the CPU module; the positioning module provides positioning information for the system, connecting to the CPU module; the sensor interface connects to a soil sensor, connecting to the CPU module; and the host computer interface connects to a host computer, connecting to the CPU module.

2. The central control processor module according to claim 1, characterized in that... This system is based on an embedded system design and employs a microcontroller design. The central processing unit includes MCU processors such as STM32 and 51 microcontrollers.

3. The power module circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit uses a battery-powered method to realize battery charging, power switch, power detection, and voltage conversion output functions. It connects to the host computer interface to input the charging voltage, the power detection signal is connected to the central processing unit, and the converted output voltage is connected to other modules of the whole machine, including the central processing unit module, display module, keyboard input module, voice broadcast module, real-time clock module, positioning module interface, and sensor interface.

4. The keyboard input module according to claim 1, characterized in that: It adopts a touch-sensitive button method, with each button independently connected to the central processing unit module to realize button input response. The interface power signal is connected to the power module, which provides power input.

5. The interface of the voice broadcast module, real-time clock module, and positioning module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each uses an independent circuit module, which is connected to the central processing unit via a serial port signal. The interface power signal is connected to the power module, which provides the power input.

6. The sensor interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: It adopts a standard serial port, with the serial port signal connected to the central processing unit and the interface power signal connected to the power module, which provides power input.

7. The host computer interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: It communicates with the host computer, connects the central processing unit and the external application host computer, and interacts with the host computer according to the specific interface protocol to realize the required functions, such as data uploading and parameter setting.

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