A method, system, device and equipment for detecting the quality of topsoil in a power transmission and transformation project

Abstract

This application relates to the field of topsoil quality testing technology, specifically to a method, system, device, and equipment for testing topsoil quality in power transmission and transformation projects. The method includes: collecting topsoil data from mixed soil samples at different depths in various research plots and standard topsoil data from standard mixed soil samples; obtaining comprehensive nutrient indices and comprehensive microbial diversity indices at the same depth for each research plot, as well as the average coupling characteristic value of the research plot; determining nutrient remediation factors and microbial remediation factors for the research plots, and constructing topsoil remediation factors; and determining the topsoil quality testing results for the power transmission and transformation projects in the research plots based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors. This application can improve the quality of topsoil quality testing in power transmission and transformation projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of topsoil quality testing technology, specifically to a method, system, device, and equipment for testing the topsoil quality of power transmission and transformation projects. Background Technology

[0002] Power grid projects are typical linear projects. The construction of power transmission and transformation projects requires large-scale excavation of land and stripping of topsoil, which will damage the surface vegetation of the disturbed area, change the landform and soil structure, weaken the soil's water and soil conservation and nutrient retention functions, and destroy the soil's microbial diversity. Therefore, topsoil quality testing is a key support for the ecological protection of the project and subsequent maintenance and restoration.

[0003] Currently, topsoil testing in stripped areas of power transmission and transformation projects generally adopts a single-point, fixed shallow monitoring model. This model relies solely on direct measurement of soil indicators at specific times and depths, neglecting the dynamic changes of topsoil indicators over time and depth, and their correlation with topsoil quality. This model easily leads to inaccurate and one-sided test results, failing to truly reflect topsoil quality. It may also result in resource waste due to misjudgments—for example, if soil indicators exceed health thresholds at a certain point in time but show a continuous and stable improvement trend, the topsoil already possesses self-repair capabilities, and blind maintenance and remediation are unnecessary. Therefore, developing a testing method that can dynamically and comprehensively reflect the topsoil quality of this area is of significant practical importance for accurately assessing topsoil condition and scientifically guiding maintenance and remediation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this application is to provide a method, system, device, and equipment for testing the topsoil quality in power transmission and transformation projects. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for testing the quality of topsoil in power transmission and transformation projects, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Topsoil data and standard topsoil data of mixed soil samples at different depths were collected from various research plots multiple times. The topsoil data included nutrient data and microbial diversity data of different types.

[0007] For the same sampling, based on the topsoil data of the same type of nutrients and microbial diversity data of mixed soil samples at the same depth within the same study plot, the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot at the same depth are obtained, as well as the average coupling characteristic value of the study plot. The average coupling characteristic value is used to characterize the coupling relationship between nutrient data and microbial diversity data.

[0008] Based on the changing trends of nutrient comprehensive index and microbial diversity comprehensive index at the same depth in the same study plot after different sampling, and the differences between the nutrient comprehensive index and microbial diversity comprehensive index corresponding to the standard mixed soil sample and the nutrient comprehensive index and microbial diversity comprehensive index of the study plot, nutrient remediation factors and microbial remediation factors of the study plot were determined respectively, and topsoil remediation factors were constructed. The topsoil remediation factors are used to characterize the self-remediation capacity of topsoil.

[0009] Based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors corresponding to the study plot, the topsoil quality test results for the power transmission and transformation project in the study plot were determined.

[0010] Furthermore, the process for determining the comprehensive nutrient index is as follows:

[0011] For the same sampling, the information entropy of the same type of nutrient data in the topsoil data of mixed soil samples at the same depth within the same study plot is calculated. For the same study plot, the ratio of the information entropy of the same type of nutrient data to the sum of the information entropies of all types of nutrient data is recorded as the index weight of the same type of nutrient data. The sum of the products of all types of nutrient data at the same depth and the corresponding index weights of the nutrient data is recorded as the comprehensive nutrient index of the corresponding study plot at the same depth.

[0012] Furthermore, the process for determining the average coupling characteristic value of the research sample plot is as follows:

[0013] The ratio of the product and sum of the comprehensive nutrient index and the comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot at the same depth is denoted as the first ratio of the study plot at the same depth. The positive correlation result of the first ratio of the study plot at all depths is denoted as the average coupling characteristic value of the study plot.

[0014] Furthermore, the process for determining the nutrient repair factor is as follows:

[0015] For the same study plot at the same depth, the ratio of the difference between the nutrient comprehensive index determined in the second sampling and the first sampling to the nutrient comprehensive index determined in the first sampling is recorded as the nutrient change rate between the two samplings.

[0016] For the same study plot, a linear fit is performed on the comprehensive nutrient index at the same depth, and the slope of the fitted line is recorded as the nutrient slope.

[0017] Calculate the comprehensive nutrient index of each standard mixed soil sample at each depth. Record the comprehensive nutrient index of all standard mixed soil samples at the same depth as the comprehensive nutrient index of the same depth. For the comprehensive nutrient index at the same depth, record the absolute value of the ratio of the difference between the comprehensive nutrient index of the study plot and the comprehensive nutrient index of the standard to the comprehensive nutrient index of the standard as the nutrient difference degree of the study plot.

[0018] Based on the nutrient change rate, nutrient slope, and nutrient difference at all the same depths in the study plots, the nutrient restoration factors of the study plots were determined.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific steps for determining the nutrient remediation factors of the study plot based on the nutrient change rate, nutrient slope, and nutrient difference at all the same depths include:

[0020] The product of the sum of the nutrient change rate and the preset first error parameter and the nutrient slope is used as the numerator, and the sum of the nutrient difference degree and the preset second error parameter is used as the denominator. The value of the fraction is recorded as the nutrient restoration characteristic value. The mean of the nutrient restoration characteristic values ​​determined at all depths of the same study plot is recorded as the nutrient restoration factor of the study plot.

[0021] Furthermore, the topsoil remediation factor is the normalized value of the mean values ​​of the microbial remediation factor and the nutrient remediation factor in the study plot.

[0022] Furthermore, the specific steps for determining the topsoil quality test results of the power transmission and transformation project in the study sample site based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors are as follows:

[0023] Using the entropy weight method, the weights of all topsoil data, average coupled characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors corresponding to the study plots are calculated. The weighted summation is then used to obtain the comprehensive quality evaluation value of the study plots.

[0024] Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of the quality test of the study plots, it is determined whether the topsoil quality of the study plots is qualified.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides a topsoil quality testing device for power transmission and transformation projects. The topsoil quality testing device includes: a topsoil data acquisition module, a coupling relationship analysis module, a repair capacity evaluation module, and a quality result determination module.

[0026] The topsoil data acquisition module is used to collect topsoil data from mixed soil samples at different depths in various research plots and standard topsoil data from standard mixed soil samples. The topsoil data includes nutrient data and microbial diversity data of different types.

[0027] The coupling relationship analysis module is used to obtain the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the same depth in the topsoil data of mixed soil samples at the same depth within the same study plot for the same sampling, as well as the average coupling characteristic value of the study plot. The average coupling characteristic value is used to characterize the coupling relationship between nutrient data and microbial diversity data.

[0028] The remediation capacity evaluation module is used to determine the nutrient remediation factors and microbial remediation factors of the study plot based on the changing trends of the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index at the same depth in different samplings in the same study plot, and the differences between the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the standard mixed soil sample and the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot, and to construct the topsoil remediation factor. The topsoil remediation factor is used to characterize the self-remediation capacity of the topsoil.

[0029] The quality result determination module is used to determine the topsoil quality test results of the power transmission and transformation project in the study plot based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic value and topsoil remediation factor corresponding to the study plot.

[0030] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a topsoil quality testing system for power transmission and transformation projects. The system includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0031] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a topsoil quality testing device for power transmission and transformation projects. The device stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0032] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the method, system, device, and equipment for testing the topsoil quality of power transmission and transformation projects provided in this application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0033] This application considers that, when unaffected by power transmission and transformation projects, there is a significant coupling relationship between microbial diversity and nutrient content in topsoil. It evaluates the coupling relationship between nutrient data and microbial diversity data, obtaining the average coupling characteristic value of the study plots. Furthermore, it analyzes the dynamic changes in nutrient and microbial diversity of topsoil during different collection processes over time, evaluating the self-repair capacity of the topsoil in the study plots and obtaining topsoil remediation factors. Finally, based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors corresponding to the study plots, it determines the topsoil quality testing results for the power transmission and transformation projects in the study plots. This addresses the problem that using a single-point, fixed shallow layer model for topsoil testing ignores the spatiotemporal dynamic changes of soil indicators, easily leading to biased test results, and improves the quality and accuracy of topsoil quality testing for power transmission and transformation projects. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for testing the quality of topsoil in a power transmission and transformation project, as provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a topsoil quality testing device for power transmission and transformation projects, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this application in order to achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of a method, system, device and equipment for detecting the surface soil quality of power transmission and transformation projects proposed in this application.

[0038] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of the method, system, device, and equipment for testing the topsoil quality of power transmission and transformation projects provided in this application.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a method for testing the surface soil quality of a power transmission and transformation project according to an embodiment of this application. The method includes the following steps:

[0040] S001: Topsoil data and standard topsoil data of mixed soil samples at different depths were collected from various research plots multiple times. The topsoil data included nutrient data and microbial diversity data of different types.

[0041] According to the power transmission and transformation project plan, this embodiment takes the stripping area of ​​black soil and clay loam as the research object. Within each research area, five 50m×50m research plots are selected. Five sampling points are set up in each research plot using the five-point sampling method. The number, area, number, and location of the research plots and sampling points can be set by the implementer without special restrictions. The sampling period in this embodiment is one month. At each sampling point, soil samples of the topsoil at four depths (0-20cm) are collected using a soil auger. Specifically, these four depths are 0-5cm, 5-10cm, 10-15cm, and 15-20cm. Soil samples collected at the same depth from the five sampling points of the same research plot are mixed to obtain mixed soil samples at different depths. The topsoil data of the mixed soil samples at different depths of each research plot are measured in the laboratory.

[0042] The topsoil data includes, but is not limited to, nutrient data, microbial diversity data, pH value, and humidity. The nutrient data includes, but is not limited to, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. The microbial diversity data includes, but is not limited to, Chao1 index, ACE index, and Shannon index.

[0043] Within the study plot, in areas not damaged by power transmission and transformation projects, mixed soil samples at different depths were collected using the same sampling method and recorded as standard mixed soil samples. The topsoil data of the standard mixed soil samples were recorded as standard topsoil data.

[0044] The data for each species in the nutrient and microbial diversity data are normalized separately to eliminate the influence of dimensions. This embodiment uses the maximum-minimum normalization method for normalization. In practical applications, implementers can use other methods such as the Z-Score standard normalization method to achieve the purpose of dimensionless processing, which is not limited here.

[0045] At this point, topsoil data for the mixed soil sample and standard topsoil data for the standard mixed soil sample have been obtained.

[0046] S002: For the same sampling, based on the topsoil data of the same type of nutrients and microbial diversity data of mixed soil samples at the same depth within the same study plot, obtain the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot at the same depth, as well as the average coupling characteristic value of the study plot. The average coupling characteristic value is used to characterize the coupling relationship between nutrient data and microbial diversity data.

[0047] When not affected by power transmission and transformation projects, there is a clear coupling relationship between the microbial diversity and nutrient content in the topsoil. That is, the more abundant the nutrients in the topsoil, the higher the microbial diversity. However, when the topsoil is affected by power transmission and transformation projects, problems such as topsoil compaction and soil erosion will occur, breaking the coupling relationship between microbial diversity and topsoil nutrients.

[0048] To analyze the coupling relationship between topsoil nutrients and microbial diversity, for the same sampling, the information entropy of the same type of nutrient data in the topsoil data of mixed soil samples at the same depth within the same study plot is calculated. For the same study plot, the ratio of the information entropy of the same type of nutrient data to the sum of the information entropies of all types of nutrient data is recorded as the index weight of the same type of nutrient data. The sum of the products of the nutrient data of all types at the same depth and the corresponding index weights of the nutrient data is recorded as the comprehensive nutrient index of the corresponding study plot at the same depth.

[0049] For the same sampling, the information entropy of the same type of microbial diversity data in the topsoil data of mixed soil samples at the same depth within the same study plot is calculated. For the same study plot, the ratio of the information entropy of the same type of microbial diversity data to the sum of the information entropies of all types of microbial diversity data is recorded as the index weight of the same type of microbial diversity data. The sum of the products of the microbial diversity data of all types at the same depth and the corresponding index weights of the microbial diversity data is recorded as the comprehensive index of microbial diversity at the same depth for the corresponding study plot.

[0050] For the same sampling, the ratio of the product and sum of the comprehensive nutrient index and the comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot at the same depth is denoted as the first ratio of the study plot at the same depth. The positive correlation result of the first ratio of the study plot at all depths is denoted as the average coupling characteristic value of the study plot.

[0051] It is understood that a positive correlation is applied to the first ratio of the study plots with respect to all depths, ensuring that the average coupling characteristic value of the study plots is positively correlated with the average coupling characteristic value of the study plots. It is understood that the positive correlation in this application refers to the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable, where the independent variable is the first ratio of the study plots with respect to all depths, and the dependent variable is the average coupling characteristic value of the study plots. A positive correlation means that the dependent variable increases (decreases) as the independent variable increases (decreases), and can be an additive relationship, a multiplicative relationship, etc.

[0052] Preferably, as an embodiment of this application, the product of the arithmetic square root of the first ratio of the study plots with respect to the same depth and the number 2 is denoted as the coupling characteristic value of the study plots with respect to the same depth, and the normalized value of the mean of the coupling characteristic values ​​of the study plots with respect to all depths is denoted as the average coupling characteristic value of the study plots.

[0053] It should be noted that this embodiment uses the maximum-minimum normalization method to calculate the normalized value. In practical applications, implementers may use other methods of existing technology, such as the tanh function or the sigmoid function, to calculate the normalized value, which is not limited here.

[0054] The calculation of information entropy is a well-known technique and will not be described in detail here. In the process of calculating the first ratio, in order to avoid the denominator being zero, a preset value needs to be added to the denominator. In this embodiment, the preset value is 0.05.

[0055] The average coupling eigenvalues ​​of the study plots were used to evaluate the coupling relationship between nutrient data and microbial diversity data.

[0056] At this point, the average coupling characteristic value of each study plot is obtained.

[0057] S003: Based on the changing trends of the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index at the same depth in the same study plot after different sampling, and the differences between the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the standard mixed soil sample and the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot, the nutrient remediation factor and microbial remediation factor of the study plot are determined respectively, and the topsoil remediation factor is constructed. The topsoil remediation factor is used to characterize the self-remediation capacity of the topsoil.

[0058] Furthermore, the dynamic changes in nutrients and microbial diversity in the topsoil during different collection processes were analyzed from a temporal perspective.

[0059] For the same study plot at the same depth, the ratio of the difference between the nutrient comprehensive index determined in the second sampling and the first sampling to the nutrient comprehensive index determined in the first sampling is recorded as the nutrient change rate between the two adjacent samplings.

[0060] It is important to understand that after the completion of power transmission and transformation projects, topsoil curing and restoration actions are generally carried out. The nutrients in the damaged topsoil will gradually recover, and the comprehensive nutrient index of the topsoil will gradually increase until it is consistent with the comprehensive nutrient index of the surrounding undamaged topsoil. Therefore, the nutrient change rate between two adjacent samples should be greater than or equal to 0, and the higher the nutrient change rate, the better the recovery of the topsoil nutrient status during the period between the two adjacent samples.

[0061] For the same study plot at the same depth, all the nutrient comprehensive indicators determined by sampling are arranged in order. The nutrient comprehensive indicators are used as the dependent variable, and the order of the nutrient comprehensive indicators is used as the independent variable. A linear fit is performed, and the slope of the fitted line is recorded as the nutrient slope.

[0062] The greater the nutrient slope, the better the effect of continuous recovery of topsoil nutrients during the sampling period.

[0063] Generally, the more consistent the nutrient recovery status of the topsoil is with that of the topsoil in areas not damaged by power transmission and transformation projects, the better the nutrient recovery effect of the topsoil in power transmission and transformation projects. However, at this time, the nutrient change rate and nutrient slope may decrease, affecting the accuracy of the assessment of the self-repair capacity of the topsoil. Therefore, it is necessary to further measure whether the nutrients in the study plot have recovered to the same level as the nutrients in the surrounding undamaged topsoil.

[0064] Based on the standard topsoil data of all standard mixed soil samples, calculate the comprehensive nutrient index of each standard mixed soil sample at each depth. Record the comprehensive nutrient index of all standard mixed soil samples at the same depth as the comprehensive nutrient index of that depth. For the comprehensive nutrient index at the same depth, record the absolute value of the ratio of the difference between the comprehensive nutrient index of the study plot and the comprehensive nutrient index of the standard to the comprehensive nutrient index of the standard as the nutrient difference degree of the study plot.

[0065] The smaller the nutrient difference in the study plot, the smaller the difference between the topsoil nutrients in the study plot and the nutrients in the surrounding undisturbed topsoil, and the better the soil remediation capacity of the study plot.

[0066] For the same depth in the same study plot, the product of the sum of the nutrient change rate and the preset first error parameter and the nutrient slope is used as the numerator, and the sum of the nutrient difference degree and the preset second error parameter is used as the denominator. The value of the fraction is recorded as the nutrient restoration characteristic value, and the mean of the nutrient restoration characteristic values ​​determined at all depths in the same study plot is recorded as the nutrient restoration factor of the study plot.

[0067] The first error parameter should be greater than 0 and less than 2, and the second error parameter should be greater than 0.01 and less than 0.1. In this embodiment, the first error parameter and the second error parameter are set to 1 and 0.05, respectively.

[0068] Nutrient repair factors are used to characterize the self-repair capacity of nutrients in the soil of power transmission and transformation stations within the corresponding research plots.

[0069] Thus, based on the changing trends of the comprehensive nutrient index at the same depth in different samplings of the same study plot, and the differences between the comprehensive nutrient index corresponding to the standard mixed soil sample and the comprehensive nutrient index of the study plot, the nutrient remediation factors of the study plot were determined.

[0070] Using the same method, based on the changing trends of the comprehensive microbial diversity index at the same depth in the same study plot during different sampling sessions, and the differences between the comprehensive microbial diversity index corresponding to the standard mixed soil sample and the comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot, the microbial remediation factors of the study plot were determined.

[0071] The normalized values ​​of the mean values ​​of the microbial remediation factor and the nutrient remediation factor in the study plots are denoted as the topsoil remediation factor of the study plots.

[0072] It should be noted that this embodiment uses the maximum-minimum normalization method to calculate the normalized value. In practical applications, implementers may use other methods of existing technology, such as the tanh function or the sigmoid function, to calculate the normalized value, which is not limited here.

[0073] The higher the topsoil repair factor of the study plot, the better the self-repair ability of the topsoil of the power transmission and transformation project within the study plot, and the better the quality of the topsoil within the study plot.

[0074] Thus, the topsoil remediation factors of the study plots were obtained.

[0075] S004: Based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors corresponding to the study plot, determine the topsoil quality test results for the power transmission and transformation project in the study plot.

[0076] Using the entropy weight method, the weights of all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors corresponding to the study plots are calculated. The weights are then used to sum the weighted values ​​of all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors corresponding to the study plots to obtain the comprehensive quality evaluation value of the study plots.

[0077] When the comprehensive evaluation value of the quality test of the study plot is less than the preset evaluation value, the topsoil quality of the study plot is deemed unqualified; when the comprehensive evaluation value of the quality test of the study plot is greater than or equal to the preset evaluation value, the topsoil quality of the study plot is deemed qualified.

[0078] In this embodiment, the preset evaluation value is set to 0.4; the entropy weight method is a well-known technique for determining the weight, and will not be described in detail here.

[0079] This completes the testing of surface soil quality in power transmission and transformation projects.

[0080] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a topsoil quality testing device for power transmission and transformation projects according to one embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the devices include units that perform the steps in an embodiment corresponding to a topsoil quality testing method for power transmission and transformation projects. See also... Figure 2The topsoil quality testing device includes: a topsoil data acquisition module, a coupling relationship analysis module, a repair capacity evaluation module, and a quality result determination module.

[0081] The topsoil data acquisition module is used to collect topsoil data from mixed soil samples at different depths in various research plots and standard topsoil data from standard mixed soil samples. The topsoil data includes nutrient data and microbial diversity data of different types.

[0082] The coupling relationship analysis module is used to obtain the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the same depth in the topsoil data of mixed soil samples at the same depth within the same study plot for the same sampling, as well as the average coupling characteristic value of the study plot. The average coupling characteristic value is used to characterize the coupling relationship between nutrient data and microbial diversity data.

[0083] The remediation capacity evaluation module is used to determine the nutrient remediation factors and microbial remediation factors of the study plot based on the changing trends of the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index at the same depth in different samplings in the same study plot, and the differences between the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the standard mixed soil sample and the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot, and to construct the topsoil remediation factor. The topsoil remediation factor is used to characterize the self-remediation capacity of the topsoil.

[0084] The quality result determination module is used to determine the topsoil quality test results of the power transmission and transformation project in the study plot based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic value and topsoil remediation factor corresponding to the study plot.

[0085] Based on the same inventive concept as the above methods, this application also provides a topsoil quality testing system for power transmission and transformation projects, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any one of the above-described methods for testing topsoil quality in power transmission and transformation projects.

[0086] Based on the same inventive concept as the above methods, this application also provides a topsoil quality testing device for power transmission and transformation projects. The device stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of any one of the above-described methods for testing topsoil quality in power transmission and transformation projects.

[0087] It is understood that the order of the embodiments described above is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, the above description focuses on specific embodiments of this specification. Additionally, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some implementations, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0088] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0089] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this application, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for testing the quality of topsoil in power transmission and transformation projects, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Topsoil data and standard topsoil data of mixed soil samples at different depths were collected from various research plots multiple times. The topsoil data included nutrient data and microbial diversity data of different types. For the same sampling, based on the topsoil data of the same type of nutrients and microbial diversity data of mixed soil samples at the same depth within the same study plot, the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot at the same depth are obtained, as well as the average coupling characteristic value of the study plot. The average coupling characteristic value is used to characterize the coupling relationship between nutrient data and microbial diversity data. Based on the changing trends of nutrient comprehensive index and microbial diversity comprehensive index at the same depth in the same study plot after different sampling, and the differences between the nutrient comprehensive index and microbial diversity comprehensive index corresponding to the standard mixed soil sample and the nutrient comprehensive index and microbial diversity comprehensive index of the study plot, nutrient remediation factors and microbial remediation factors of the study plot were determined respectively, and topsoil remediation factors were constructed. The topsoil remediation factors are used to characterize the self-remediation capacity of topsoil. Based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors corresponding to the study plot, the topsoil quality test results for the power transmission and transformation project in the study plot were determined.

2. The method for testing the quality of topsoil in power transmission and transformation projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process for determining the comprehensive nutrient index is as follows: For the same sampling, the information entropy of the same type of nutrient data in the topsoil data of mixed soil samples at the same depth within the same study plot is calculated. For the same study plot, the ratio of the information entropy of the same type of nutrient data to the sum of the information entropies of all types of nutrient data is recorded as the index weight of the same type of nutrient data. The sum of the products of all types of nutrient data at the same depth and the corresponding index weights of the nutrient data is recorded as the comprehensive nutrient index of the corresponding study plot at the same depth.

3. The method for testing the quality of topsoil in power transmission and transformation projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process for determining the average coupling characteristic value of the research sample plot is as follows: The ratio of the product and sum of the comprehensive nutrient index and the comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot at the same depth is denoted as the first ratio of the study plot at the same depth. The positive correlation result of the first ratio of the study plot at all depths is denoted as the average coupling characteristic value of the study plot.

4. The method for testing the quality of topsoil in power transmission and transformation projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process for determining the nutrient repair factor is as follows: For the same study plot at the same depth, the ratio of the difference between the nutrient comprehensive index determined in the second sampling and the first sampling to the nutrient comprehensive index determined in the first sampling is recorded as the nutrient change rate between the two samplings. For the same study plot, a linear fit is performed on the comprehensive nutrient index at the same depth, and the slope of the fitted line is recorded as the nutrient slope. Calculate the comprehensive nutrient index of each standard mixed soil sample at each depth. Record the comprehensive nutrient index of all standard mixed soil samples at the same depth as the comprehensive nutrient index of the same depth. For the comprehensive nutrient index at the same depth, record the absolute value of the ratio of the difference between the comprehensive nutrient index of the study plot and the comprehensive nutrient index of the standard to the comprehensive nutrient index of the standard as the nutrient difference degree of the study plot. Based on the nutrient change rate, nutrient slope, and nutrient difference at all the same depths in the study plots, the nutrient restoration factors of the study plots were determined.

5. The method for testing the quality of topsoil in power transmission and transformation projects as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps for determining the nutrient remediation factors of the study plot based on the nutrient change rate, nutrient slope, and nutrient difference at all the same depths are as follows: The product of the sum of the nutrient change rate and the preset first error parameter and the nutrient slope is used as the numerator, and the sum of the nutrient difference degree and the preset second error parameter is used as the denominator. The value of the fraction is recorded as the nutrient restoration characteristic value. The mean of the nutrient restoration characteristic values ​​determined at all depths of the same study plot is recorded as the nutrient restoration factor of the study plot.

6. The method for testing the quality of topsoil in power transmission and transformation projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The topsoil remediation factor is the normalized value of the mean values ​​of the microbial remediation factor and the nutrient remediation factor in the study plot.

7. The method for testing the quality of topsoil in power transmission and transformation projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for determining the topsoil quality test results of the power transmission and transformation project in the study sample site based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors are as follows: Using the entropy weight method, the weights of all topsoil data, average coupled characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors corresponding to the study plots are calculated. The weighted summation is then used to obtain the comprehensive quality evaluation value of the study plots. Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of the quality test of the study plots, it is determined whether the topsoil quality of the study plots is qualified.

8. A topsoil quality testing device for power transmission and transformation projects, implementing the method described in claim 1, characterized in that, The topsoil quality testing device includes: The topsoil data acquisition module is used to collect topsoil data from mixed soil samples at different depths in various research plots and standard topsoil data from standard mixed soil samples. The topsoil data includes nutrient data and microbial diversity data of different types. The coupling relationship analysis module is used to obtain the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the same depth in the topsoil data of mixed soil samples at the same depth within the same study plot for the same sampling, as well as the average coupling characteristic value of the study plot. The average coupling characteristic value is used to characterize the coupling relationship between nutrient data and microbial diversity data. The remediation capacity evaluation module is used to determine the nutrient remediation factors and microbial remediation factors of the study plot based on the changing trends of the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index at the same depth in different samplings in the same study plot, and the differences between the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the standard mixed soil sample and the comprehensive nutrient index and comprehensive microbial diversity index of the study plot, and to construct the topsoil remediation factor. The topsoil remediation factor is used to characterize the self-remediation capacity of the topsoil. The quality result determination module is used to determine the topsoil quality test results of the power transmission and transformation project in the study plot based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic value and topsoil remediation factor corresponding to the study plot.

9. A topsoil quality testing system for power transmission and transformation projects, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A topsoil quality testing device for power transmission and transformation projects, wherein the device stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the topsoil quality testing method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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