A monitoring device and method for abnormal discharge of equipment in the collector ring chamber of a wind turbine generator set.

Abstract

This invention discloses a monitoring device and method for abnormal discharge in the indoor equipment of a wind turbine generator slip ring, relating to the field of monitoring technology for major equipment in wind turbine generators. It includes: a controller processing unit, a communication unit, a preliminary data analysis and processing unit, a photoelectric conversion sensing unit, and a power signal acquisition and transmission unit. The controller processing unit is connected to both the communication unit and the preliminary data analysis and processing unit. The photoelectric conversion sensing unit is used to capture the optical abrupt change signal excited by the instantaneous electric arc generated by the discharge. The preliminary data analysis and processing unit is connected to both the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit. This invention achieves accurate identification and safe monitoring of abnormal discharge through the integration and complementarity of high-precision, high-frequency, and wide-spectrum photoelectric sensing units and power signal acquisition and transmission units, solving the problems of weak anti-interference ability, low monitoring accuracy, and limited application conditions associated with single-type sensing technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of monitoring technology for main equipment of wind turbine generator sets, and more specifically to a monitoring device and method for abnormal discharge of equipment in the collector ring room of a wind turbine generator set. Background Technology

[0002] With the steady implementation of the national clean energy development strategy and the increasing maturity of wind power technology, wind turbine generators, as a major representative of clean energy, have been widely used. In the current technological context, doubly-fed asynchronous generators, due to their high energy conversion efficiency, have become one of the core components of wind turbine generators. The slip ring system, as a key conductive connection mechanism between the generator rotor and the external electrical circuit, directly determines the safe and reliable operation of the wind turbine generator. The slip ring system typically includes major components such as carbon brush supports, carbon brushes, and slip rings. During the generator's operation, the conductive carbon brushes and brush tracks in the slip ring system are always in a high-speed relative contact sliding state, while simultaneously performing a conductive function. Due to complex operating conditions, gaps can easily occur, leading to localized air breakdown discharge, i.e., the generation of an electric arc.

[0003] Based on existing unit application technologies and daily operation and maintenance experience, abnormal discharge can not only cause abnormal current in branch circuits or single phases, but also accelerate the wear rate of carbon brushes and slides, shorten the service life of components, and may even cause serious safety accidents such as insulation aging of the collector ring chamber and fire, resulting in significant economic losses.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, how to provide a monitoring device and method for abnormal discharge of indoor equipment of generator slip ring in wind turbine generator set is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a monitoring device and method for abnormal discharge of indoor equipment in the generator slip ring of a wind turbine generator set. It is applied to the detection of abnormal discharge in the energized parts of the wind turbine generator set, especially the detection of weak discharge. By integrating and complementing the technologies of high-precision, high-frequency, and wide-spectrum photoelectric sensing units and power signal acquisition and transmission units, it achieves accurate identification and safe monitoring of abnormal discharge, and solves the problems of weak anti-interference ability, low monitoring accuracy, and limited application conditions of single-type sensing technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a monitoring device for abnormal discharge of equipment in the collector ring chamber of a wind turbine generator set, comprising: The system includes a controller processing unit, a preliminary data analysis and processing unit, a photoelectric conversion sensing unit, and an energy signal acquisition and transmission unit. The controller processing unit is connected to the preliminary data analysis and processing unit; The photoelectric conversion sensing unit is used to capture the optical abrupt change signal excited by the instantaneous electric arc generated by the discharge; The preliminary data analysis and processing unit is connected to the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes: a communication unit and a human-computer interaction unit; The human-computer interaction unit is connected to the communication unit; The controller processing unit is connected to the communication unit.

[0008] Preferably, the preliminary data analysis and processing unit is used to receive, preliminarily process and filter the monitoring data uploaded by the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit, and to issue instructions to the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit.

[0009] Preferably, the photoelectric conversion sensing unit includes: a composite monitoring lens, a combined optical fiber, and a photoelectric signal conversion module; The photoelectric signal conversion module is connected to the composite monitoring lens through the combined optical fiber.

[0010] Preferably, the composite monitoring lens is used to monitor light source signals, including: Multi-channel visible light monitoring subunit, single-channel wide-angle ultraviolet monitoring subunit, and focusing ring tile; The single-channel wide-angle ultraviolet monitoring subunit is surrounded and enclosed by the multi-channel visible light monitoring subunit; The focusing ring tile is wrapped around the outside of the multi-channel visible light monitoring subunit.

[0011] Preferably, the photoelectric signal conversion module is used to convert the light source signal from an optical signal to an electrical signal.

[0012] Preferably, the power signal acquisition and transmission unit is used to monitor the electrical parameters of the equipment in the wind turbine generator set.

[0013] Preferably, a method for monitoring abnormal discharge in the collector ring room of a wind turbine generator set includes: Capture the optical abrupt change signal and various electrical indicators excited by the instantaneous electric arc generated by the discharge of equipment inside the wind turbine generator set; The optical abrupt signal and various electrical indicators are preliminarily processed and screened to obtain optical signal characteristics and current harmonic characteristics; A photoelectric information fusion algorithm is used to perform time series matching and joint analysis on the optical signal characteristics and current harmonic characteristics to determine the monitoring results. An early warning is issued when abnormal discharge is detected.

[0014] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a monitoring device and monitoring method for abnormal discharge of equipment in the collector ring chamber of a wind turbine generator set, which is used for the safety monitoring of abnormal discharge in the rotor collector ring chamber of a doubly fed asynchronous generator in a wind turbine generator set, further ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit, while also reducing the labor intensity of maintenance personnel, reducing the frequency of maintenance personnel boarding the machine, and reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a monitoring device for abnormal discharge of indoor equipment in the generator slip ring of a wind turbine generator set, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a composite monitoring lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] This invention discloses a monitoring device for abnormal discharge of indoor equipment in the generator slip ring of a wind turbine generator set, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a monitoring device for abnormal discharge of equipment in the collector ring chamber of a wind turbine generator set, comprising: The system includes a controller processing unit, a preliminary data analysis and processing unit, a photoelectric conversion sensing unit, and an energy signal acquisition and transmission unit. The controller processing unit is connected to the preliminary data analysis and processing unit; The photoelectric conversion sensing unit is used to capture the optical abrupt change signal excited by the instantaneous electric arc generated by the discharge; The preliminary data analysis and processing unit is connected to the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit, respectively.

[0020] Specifically, it also includes: communication unit and human-computer interaction unit; The human-computer interaction unit is connected to the communication unit; The controller processing unit is connected to the communication unit.

[0021] Specifically, the controller processing unit mainly includes a central CPU controller for data acquisition, transmission, processing, and computation. In deep programming, it directly or indirectly interacts with the communication unit, preliminary data analysis and processing unit, photoelectric conversion sensing unit, power signal acquisition and transmission unit, and human-machine interaction unit. A photoelectric information fusion algorithm is employed to perform time-series matching and joint analysis of optical signal characteristics and current harmonic characteristics to comprehensively determine the type, location, and severity of the discharge event.

[0022] The optoelectronic information fusion algorithm refers to two main algorithm sequences built into the controller: one set processes and records optical signal feedback and event occurrence information. When the arc occurrence frequency f or the difference between the visible and invisible light brightness values ​​and brightness changes of the arc exceeds a set threshold, the optical algorithm sequence records this event and its occurrence time. The other algorithm sequence processes and records power quality, i.e., changes in voltage, current, and current harmonics of the current monitoring circuit. Both algorithms are based on a time frame. When a fault occurs, the controller's main program combines the two main algorithm sequences to determine the type, location, and severity of the discharge event.

[0023] The controller processing unit also includes a set of digital transmission points. The action logic of these points directly interacts with the central CPU controller for feedback or instruction, and is used to receive external quantitative signals or transmit digital signals to other external units, such as fault, start-stop and other status feedback.

[0024] The controller processing unit also includes a set of analog signal transmission points. The action logic of these points directly interacts with the central CPU controller for feedback or instruction, and is used to receive external analog signals or transmit analog signals to other external units, such as status feedback such as temperature, current, voltage, and arc intensity.

[0025] The controller processing unit also supports RS232 / 485, CAN, Ethernet and other communication functions, and supports data interfaces such as Type-C and Ethernet to connect and communicate with the host computer software to perform related program upload, download and monitoring work.

[0026] Specifically, the communication unit includes a multi-point communication module that establishes communication connections with the human-machine interface unit and the controller processing unit. It is primarily used for communication expansion when the core controller communication points of the system's main controller processing unit are insufficient to support multi-device data interaction due to limitations in the size and number of communication devices. Its main function is for data interaction communication between this system and the wind turbine main system.

[0027] Specifically, the preliminary data analysis and processing unit is used to receive, preliminarily process, and filter the monitoring data uploaded by the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit, and to issue instructions to the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit. The preliminary processing and filtering includes automatic filtering based on program logic to distinguish between interference values ​​and normal values.

[0028] Specifically, the preliminary data analysis and processing unit is connected downwards to the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit, and upwards to the controller processing unit. It is mainly used to receive, preliminarily process, and filter a series of monitoring data uploaded by the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit, and to issue instructions from the controller processing unit and itself to the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit. The preprocessing work of the preliminary data analysis and processing unit greatly reduces the data processing workload of the controller processing unit, reduces the data interaction pressure of the controller processing unit, and also reduces the cost of using the core CPU of the controller processing unit.

[0029] The human-machine interface unit is connected to the controller processing unit via a communication unit. This part is used for data transmission and reception with the controller processing unit, providing intuitive data presentation, intuitive command issuance, historical record querying, and intuitive interaction with staff. This part includes, but is not limited to, an audible and visual fault alarm, operation buttons, and a touchscreen. It also includes a USB interface and a Type-C interface for downloading relevant monitoring data.

[0030] Specifically, the photoelectric conversion sensing unit includes: a composite monitoring lens, a combined optical fiber, and a photoelectric signal conversion module; The composite monitoring lens is installed in the collector ring chamber via a mounting bracket, and the photoelectric signal conversion module is installed in the control box, which is located outside the generator collector ring chamber. The composite monitoring lens and the photoelectric signal conversion module are connected by a combined optical fiber.

[0031] The photoelectric signal conversion module is connected to the composite monitoring lens through the combined optical fiber.

[0032] Specifically, the composite monitoring lens is used to monitor light source signals, including: Multi-channel visible light monitoring subunit, single-channel wide-angle ultraviolet monitoring subunit, and focusing ring tile; The single-channel wide-angle ultraviolet monitoring subunit is surrounded and enclosed by the multi-channel visible light monitoring subunit; The focusing ring tile is wrapped around the outside of the multi-channel visible light monitoring subunit.

[0033] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic of a composite lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The middle part is a single-channel wide-angle ultraviolet monitoring subunit, the 12 small circles in the middle are visible light monitoring subunits, and the outer ring is a light-concentrating ring tile.

[0034] Specifically, the photoelectric signal conversion module is used to convert the light source signal from an optical signal to an electrical signal.

[0035] The main applications of this invention are related to the monitoring of key equipment in wind turbine generator sets. In one specific embodiment, it is used for the safety monitoring of abnormal discharge in the rotor collector ring chamber of a doubly-fed asynchronous generator in a wind turbine generator set. At the same time, the method principle of this invention can also be applied to the detection of abnormal discharge in other energized parts of the wind turbine generator set, so as to further ensure the safe and stable operation of the unit, while also reducing the labor intensity of maintenance personnel, reducing the frequency of maintenance personnel boarding the turbine, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0036] Specifically, the main function of the photoelectric conversion sensing unit is to capture in real time the optical abrupt change signal excited by the instantaneous arc generated by the discharge between the carbon brush and the contact surface of the slide rail, while remaining unaffected by changes in ambient illumination. This unit consists of three parts: a front-end composite monitoring lens, a mid-end combined optical fiber, and a back-end photoelectric signal conversion module. The back-end photoelectric signal conversion module is connected to the front-end composite monitoring lens via the mid-end combined optical fiber.

[0037] The front-end composite monitoring lens comprises a multi-channel visible light monitoring section, a single-channel wide-angle ultraviolet monitoring section, and a focusing ring. The single-channel wide-angle ultraviolet monitoring section is surrounded by the multi-channel visible light monitoring section, with light-shielding material separating them. The outermost layer is the focusing ring, together forming a composite monitoring lens. The number of channels can be controlled by the monitoring accuracy and may include, but is not limited to, 8 channels, 10 channels, and 12 channels. The mid-end composite fiber is an optical path transmission part, which uses composite fiber for signal transmission; the back end is an optoelectronic signal conversion module, and the front end is connected to the back end optoelectronic signal conversion module through the mid-end composite fiber.

[0038] The back-end photoelectric signal conversion module converts the light source signal monitored by the front-end composite monitoring lens, which is transmitted through the mid-end combined optical fiber, from optical signal to electrical signal.

[0039] Specifically, the power signal acquisition and transmission unit is used to monitor the electrical parameters of the equipment within the wind turbine generator set. The power signal acquisition and transmission unit collects the electrical parameters of the operating load of the current-carrying cable connected to the external collector ring of the wind turbine generator rotor.

[0040] Specifically, the power signal acquisition and transmission unit is used to monitor the main electrical indicators of each phase and carbon brush branch of the generator slip ring system. Under the processing and analysis of the controller processing unit, it complements the function of the photoelectric conversion sensing unit as an arc intensity discrimination unit to determine whether to output a fault alarm and perform photoelectric complementary joint decision-making. Complementarity means that optical monitoring and electrical monitoring corroborate each other. When an arc phenomenon occurs, the changes in electrical indicators at the same time are analyzed to determine the degree of abnormality of the problematic indicators when the arc occurs, such as time-series-based monitoring of phase voltage, line voltage, current, power, frequency, harmonic value, fundamental frequency imbalance, phase-to-phase voltage imbalance, phase-to-phase current imbalance, and single-phase carbon brush branch current imbalance.

[0041] The composite monitoring lens and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit are installed in the collector ring room via mounting brackets. The controller processing unit, communication unit, preliminary data analysis and processing unit, and photoelectric conversion sensing unit are all installed in a separate control box.

[0042] Specifically, this also includes: mounting brackets for the monitoring device of the moving arc in the carbon brush ring of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator, equipped with sensor module brackets with insulation and flame-retardant functions. The collector ring chamber is a complex electrified environment, and during unit operation, it experiences varying degrees of vibration due to sudden changes in wind speed and direction. If conductor-type mounting brackets were used, loosening would pose a significant safety hazard. Therefore, the system uses sensor module brackets with insulation and flame-retardant functions. This monitoring device for the moving arc in the carbon brush ring of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator serves as a safety monitoring system, ensuring safe monitoring while preventing the introduction of new potential hazards.

[0043] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for monitoring abnormal discharge of indoor equipment in the generator collector ring of a wind turbine generator set includes: Capture the optical abrupt change signal and various electrical indicators excited by the instantaneous electric arc generated by the discharge of equipment inside the wind turbine generator set; The optical abrupt signal and various electrical indicators are preliminarily processed and screened to obtain optical signal characteristics and current harmonic characteristics; A photoelectric information fusion algorithm is used to perform time series matching and joint analysis on the optical signal characteristics and current harmonic characteristics to determine the monitoring results. An early warning is issued when abnormal discharge is detected.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention have a synchronous start-up function: the device starts up at the same time as the rotor begins excitation, which not only ensures the factuality of monitoring, but also avoids unnecessary start-ups when the unit is shut down, thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption losses.

[0045] This invention enables parallel transient data acquisition and transmission: the system supports parallel transient data acquisition and transmission. In the power signal acquisition and transmission unit, the generator rotor slip ring has multiple carbon brush branches. Real-time power data acquisition for each carbon brush branch is not the ultimate goal of the system; synchronization of data acquisition from multiple branches is crucial to ensuring the accuracy of comparative monitoring across branches. Synchronization of monitoring time between the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit ensures the accuracy of monitoring and processing results.

[0046] This invention enables transient comparison and periodic comparative load dispersion analysis. The system features transient and periodic comparative dispersion analysis of carbon brush branch loads, supporting comparison of arc flash and power status within the same monitoring period. The controller's built-in algorithm can calculate the required results more accurately and realistically. It can perform simultaneous analysis of data from different branches, as well as highlight changes and abrupt changes in periodic comparative data.

[0047] This invention fulfills the requirements for data interaction and command-based unit linkage, possessing the necessary functions. It can transmit data with the unit control system, sending normal monitoring data in real-time or periodically, and transmitting abnormal monitoring data in real-time. Simultaneously, the system can link with the wind turbine control system, supporting communication or dry contact linkage, sending fault commands to the unit system, and the unit determining whether to shut down based on the fault level.

[0048] This invention implements a hierarchical fault warning function, which supports customized levels. Under normal conditions, it can be divided into three levels: Level 1 "General Warning," Level 2 "Comparative Warning," and Level 3 "Severe Warning." Different warning levels are distinguished based on the severity of data anomalies and the frequency of warnings. General and comparative warnings only transmit warning data to the unit without triggering a shutdown. Frequent comparative warnings or excessively abnormal single data events trigger a severe warning, which directly triggers a unit shutdown.

[0049] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0050] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for monitoring abnormal discharge of a wind turbine generator system generator slip ring indoor equipment, characterized in that, include: The system includes a controller processing unit, a preliminary data analysis and processing unit, a photoelectric conversion sensing unit, and an energy signal acquisition and transmission unit. The controller processing unit is connected to the preliminary data analysis and processing unit; The photoelectric conversion sensing unit is used to capture the optical abrupt change signal excited by the instantaneous electric arc generated by the discharge; The preliminary data analysis and processing unit is connected to the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit, respectively.

2. A device for monitoring abnormal discharge of a wind turbine generator set generator slip ring indoor equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: a communication unit and a human-computer interaction unit; The human-computer interaction unit is connected to the communication unit; The controller processing unit is connected to the communication unit.

3. A device for monitoring abnormal discharge of a wind turbine generator set generator slip ring indoor equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preliminary data analysis and processing unit is used to receive, preliminarily process and filter the monitoring data uploaded by the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit, and to issue instructions to the photoelectric conversion sensing unit and the power signal acquisition and transmission unit.

4. A device for monitoring abnormal discharge of a wind turbine generator set generator slip ring indoor equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photoelectric conversion sensing unit includes: a composite monitoring lens, a combined optical fiber, and a photoelectric signal conversion module; The photoelectric signal conversion module is connected to the composite monitoring lens through the combined optical fiber.

5. A device for monitoring abnormal discharge of a generator slip ring chamber of a wind turbine generator unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The composite monitoring lens is used to monitor light source signals, including: Multi-channel visible light monitoring subunit, single-channel wide-angle ultraviolet monitoring subunit, and focusing ring tile; The single-channel wide-angle ultraviolet monitoring subunit is surrounded and enclosed by the multi-channel visible light monitoring subunit; The focusing ring tile is wrapped around the outside of the multi-channel visible light monitoring subunit.

6. A device for monitoring abnormal discharge of a generator slip ring chamber of a wind turbine generator unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The photoelectric signal conversion module is used to convert the light source signal from an optical signal to an electrical signal.

7. A monitoring device for abnormal discharge of indoor equipment in the generator slip ring of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power signal acquisition and transmission unit is used to monitor the electrical parameters of the equipment inside the wind turbine generator set.

8. A method for monitoring abnormal discharge of indoor equipment in the generator slip ring of a wind turbine generator set, applied to the monitoring device for abnormal discharge of indoor equipment in the generator slip ring of a wind turbine generator set as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Capture the optical abrupt change signal and various electrical indicators excited by the instantaneous electric arc generated by the discharge of equipment inside the wind turbine generator set; The optical abrupt signal and various electrical indicators are preliminarily processed and screened to obtain optical signal characteristics and current harmonic characteristics; A photoelectric information fusion algorithm is used to perform time series matching and joint analysis on the optical signal characteristics and current harmonic characteristics to determine the monitoring results. An early warning is issued when abnormal discharge is detected.

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