A microwave-laser integrated radar composite detection system

Abstract

This invention relates to an integrated microwave-laser radar composite detection system, belonging to the field of microwave-laser composite detection technology, and solves the problems of insufficient detection accuracy, poor system integration, and weak adaptability in existing technologies. The system includes: a microwave radar module, which receives a first and second laser beam emitted from a beam splitter, modulates the first laser beam using a radio frequency signal to generate a microwave radar transmission signal, and transmits it to the target; a single-photon laser radar module, which receives a third laser beam emitted from the beam splitter, generates a single-photon laser pulse based on the third laser beam, and transmits it; a coherent laser radar module, which receives a fourth and fifth laser beam after beam splitting, generates a laser transmission signal based on the fourth laser beam, and transmits it; and a control and acquisition processing module, used to receive the intermediate frequency echo signal from the microwave radar module, the electrical signal from the single-photon laser radar module, and the coherent intermediate frequency signal from the coherent laser radar module, process them to generate characteristic parameters of the target.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microwave-laser composite detection technology, and in particular to a microwave-laser integrated radar composite detection system. Background Technology

[0002] Microwave radar and lidar technologies are becoming increasingly important in various fields such as communications, navigation, power systems, and industrial automation due to their active detection capabilities. Microwave radar detects targets by emitting microwaves and receiving signals reflected from them. Although it has the characteristics of wide beamwidth and strong penetration, its relatively low range and angular resolution limits its application in precise tracking and measurement.

[0003] Lidar, with its narrow beam and narrow pulse width, offers high angular resolution and ranging accuracy, making it suitable for precision measurements. However, lidar has limitations in all-weather operation and is susceptible to atmospheric transmission loss. Currently, microwave radar and lidar systems typically operate independently. Due to the significant differences in their operating bands, it is difficult to share and integrate them in terms of basic components, system implementation, and detection methods.

[0004] In existing technologies, the operating bands of lidar and microwave radar differ by 4-5 orders of magnitude, resulting in significant differences in basic components, system implementation, and detection methods. This has led to microwave-laser composite detection technology remaining at a stage where components cannot be shared and are simply combined in parallel, making further miniaturization and integration difficult and significantly limiting its applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a microwave-laser integrated radar composite detection system. By implementing this invention, the problems of insufficient detection accuracy, poor system integration, and weak adaptability of existing systems can be solved.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objective, in a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a microwave-laser integrated radar composite detection system, comprising:

[0007] Laser, used to generate laser light;

[0008] A beam splitter is used to receive the laser emitted by the laser and split the laser into multiple paths, which are then transmitted to a microwave radar module, a single-photon lidar module, and a coherent lidar module, respectively.

[0009] The microwave radar module is used to receive the first and second laser beams emitted by the beam splitter, modulate the first laser beam with radio frequency signals to generate a microwave radar transmission signal and transmit it to the target; it is also used to receive microwave radar echo signals, and modulate the second laser beam with microwave radar echo signals and radio frequency signals to generate an intermediate frequency echo signal, which is then transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0010] The single-photon lidar module is used to receive the third laser beam emitted by the beam splitter, generate a single-photon laser pulse based on the third laser beam and emit it; it is also used to receive the single-photon laser pulse echo signal and convert it into an electrical signal before transmitting it to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0011] The coherent lidar module is used to receive the fourth and fifth laser beams after beam splitting, generate a laser emission signal based on the fourth laser beam and emit it; receive the laser echo signal, and obtain a coherent intermediate frequency signal based on the laser echo signal and the fifth laser beam, which is then transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0012] The control and acquisition processing module is used to process the received intermediate frequency echo signal from the microwave radar module, the electrical signal from the single-photon lidar module, and the coherent intermediate frequency signal from the coherent lidar module to generate the target's characteristic parameters.

[0013] As a further improvement of this application, the microwave radar module includes: a radio frequency signal generator, a first optoelectronic modulator, a second optoelectronic modulator, a first optoelectronic conversion unit, a second optoelectronic conversion unit, and a transceiver unit;

[0014] The radio frequency signal generator is used to generate a first radio frequency signal and a programmable radio frequency signal and send them to a first optoelectronic modulator; it is also used to generate a second radio frequency signal and send it to a second optoelectronic modulator.

[0015] The first optoelectronic modulator modulates the first laser based on the programmable radio frequency signal and the first radio frequency signal, and sends the modulated optical signal to the first optoelectronic conversion unit for optoelectronic conversion to obtain a microwave radar transmission signal, which is then transmitted by the transceiver unit.

[0016] The transceiver unit receives microwave radar echo signals and transmits them to the second optoelectronic modulator.

[0017] The second optoelectronic modulator modulates the second laser based on the microwave radar echo signal and the second radio frequency signal to generate a modulated optical signal, which is then sent to the second optoelectronic conversion unit for optoelectronic conversion to obtain an intermediate frequency echo signal. The intermediate frequency echo signal is then transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0018] As a further improvement of this application, the radio frequency signal generator includes: a waveform generator, a radio frequency source, a mixer, and a first bandpass filter; the radio frequency source is used to generate a first radio frequency signal and transmit it to the mixer; and to generate a second radio frequency signal and transmit it to a second optoelectronic modulator.

[0019] A waveform generator is used to generate intermediate frequency signals and transmit them to a mixer.

[0020] A mixer mixes the first radio frequency signal and the intermediate frequency signal to generate a programmable radio frequency signal, which is then transmitted to a first bandpass filter.

[0021] The first bandpass filter is used to filter the programmable radio frequency signal and transmit the filtered programmable radio frequency signal to the first modulation unit.

[0022] As a further improvement to this application, the coherent lidar module includes:

[0023] Laser modulation unit, transceiver optical system, coherent detection unit;

[0024] The laser modulation unit is used to receive the fourth laser beam emitted by the beam splitter, modulate the fourth laser beam to generate a laser emission signal, and emit the laser emission signal through the transceiver optical system.

[0025] The transceiver optical system receives the laser echo signal and transmits it to the coherent detection unit.

[0026] The coherent detection unit is used to receive the laser echo signal and the fifth laser beam. Based on the laser echo signal and the fifth laser beam, a coherent intermediate frequency signal is obtained and transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0027] As a further improvement to this application, the single-photon lidar module includes:

[0028] The system comprises a third photoelectric modulator, a second optical amplifier, a third photoelectric detector, an optical transmitting system, and an optical receiving system.

[0029] The third optoelectronic modulator is used to receive the third laser beam after beam splitting, modulate the third laser beam to generate a single-photon laser pulse and transmit it to the second optical amplifier.

[0030] The second optical amplifier is used to amplify the single-photon laser pulse and transmit the amplified single-photon laser pulse to the optical emission system for emission.

[0031] An optical receiving system receives single-photon laser pulse echo signals and transmits them to a third photodetector.

[0032] The third photodetector is used to convert the single-photon laser pulse echo signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0033] As a further improvement of this application, the first photoelectric conversion unit includes: a first optical amplifier, used to amplify the modulated optical signal sent by the first photoelectric modulator and then transmit it to the first optical filter;

[0034] The first optical filter is used to filter the amplified optical signal before transmitting it to the first photodetector.

[0035] The first photodetector is used to convert the filtered optical signal into a microwave radar transmission signal and transmit it to the transceiver unit for transmission.

[0036] As a further improvement to this application, the second photoelectric conversion unit includes:

[0037] Second optical filter, second photodetector, second bandpass filter;

[0038] The second optical filter is used to receive the optical signal generated by the second photoelectric modulator, filter the optical signal and then transmit it to the second photodetector.

[0039] The second photodetector is used to convert the filtered optical signal into an intermediate frequency echo signal and transmit it to the second bandpass filter.

[0040] The second bandpass filter is used to filter the intermediate frequency echo signal and transmit it to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0041] As a further improvement to this application, the laser modulation unit includes:

[0042] The fourth optoelectronic modulator is used to receive the fourth laser beam emitted by the beam splitter, modulate the fourth laser beam to generate a laser emission signal, and transmit it to the third optical amplifier.

[0043] The third optical amplifier is used to amplify the laser emission signal and transmit the amplified laser emission signal to the transceiver optical system.

[0044] As a further improvement to this application, the coherent detection unit includes: an optical coupler and a fourth photodetector;

[0045] An optical coupler is used to receive the laser echo signal and the fifth laser emitted by the beam splitter, obtain a coherent optical signal based on the laser echo signal and the fifth laser, and transmit the coherent optical signal to the fourth photodetector.

[0046] The fourth photodetector is used to convert coherent optical signals into electrical signals and transmit them to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0047] As a further improvement to this application, the transceiver optical system includes: an optical circulator, an optical transmission system, and a galvanometer;

[0048] An optical circulator is used to receive laser emission signals and transmit them to an optical transmission system; and to transmit laser echo signals transmitted by the optical transmission system to a coherent detection unit.

[0049] An optical transmission system is used to collimate the laser emission signal and transmit it to a galvanometer; and to collimate the laser echo signal and transmit it to an optical circulator.

[0050] A galvanometer is used to scan a target based on the collimated laser emission signal and to receive the laser echo signal returned from the target and transmit it to an optical transmission system.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0052] 1. This system is based on microwave photonics technology and constructs a new microwave-laser composite detection architecture in which all components except the microwave antenna / optical lens and TR components are uniformly processed in the photonic domain. This all-optical processing architecture does not require parallel or multiplexed high-frequency electronic architecture and has a simpler system structure.

[0053] 2. This system uses an arbitrary waveform generator to produce programmable intermediate frequency signals and generates radar signals through photonic frequency conversion methods, achieving higher bandwidth, flexibility and coherence;

[0054] 3. This system provides unified signal-level control for microwave and lidar systems of different bands and architectures, and performs unified acquisition and processing of echo signals. It can flexibly adjust the operating mode according to the actual scenario and perform data-level, feature-level, or decision-level fusion processing, which is beneficial for improving target detection and identification capabilities. By combining the all-weather operation capability of microwave radar with the high-precision detection capability of lidar, the system's adaptability to various environmental conditions is enhanced. The wide beamwidth and strong penetration of microwave radar ensure detection capabilities in adverse weather conditions, while lidar provides high-precision detection in good weather, ensuring the effective operation of the system in different environments.

[0055] 4. This invention generates target characteristic parameters by processing the received intermediate frequency echo signal from the microwave radar module, the electrical signal from the single-photon lidar module, and the coherent intermediate frequency signal from the coherent lidar module through a control and acquisition processing module. This simplifies the system structure, reduces hardware requirements, and lowers system complexity and cost. Through the coordinated operation of the microwave radar module, coherent lidar module, and single-photon lidar module, this invention achieves high-precision target detection and improves the overall accuracy of the detection system.

[0056] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0057] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the background art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention or the background art will be described below.

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microwave laser integrated radar composite detection system in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the embodiments of the present invention easier to understand, the embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the figures and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention.

[0060] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a microwave-laser integrated radar composite detection system, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0061] A microwave-laser integrated radar composite detection system, comprising:

[0062] Laser, used to generate laser light;

[0063] A beam splitter is used to receive the laser emitted by the laser and split the laser into multiple paths, which are then transmitted to a microwave radar module, a single-photon lidar module, and a coherent lidar module, respectively.

[0064] The microwave radar module is used to receive the first and second laser beams emitted by the beam splitter, modulate the first laser beam with radio frequency signals to generate a microwave radar transmission signal and transmit it to the target; it is also used to receive microwave radar echo signals, and modulate the second laser beam with microwave radar echo signals and radio frequency signals to generate an intermediate frequency echo signal, which is then transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0065] The single-photon lidar module is used to receive the third laser beam emitted by the beam splitter, generate a single-photon laser pulse based on the third laser beam and emit it; it is also used to receive the single-photon laser pulse echo signal and convert it into an electrical signal before transmitting it to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0066] The coherent lidar module is used to receive the fourth and fifth laser beams after beam splitting, generate a laser emission signal based on the fourth laser beam and emit it; receive the laser echo signal, and obtain a coherent intermediate frequency signal based on the laser echo signal and the fifth laser beam, which is then transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0067] The control and acquisition processing module is used to process the received intermediate frequency echo signal from the microwave radar module, the electrical signal from the single-photon lidar module, and the coherent intermediate frequency signal from the coherent lidar module to generate the target's characteristic parameters.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, laser 1 generates continuous laser light of a specific wavelength. The continuous laser light generated by laser 1 is split into multiple paths by beam splitter 2, which are then transmitted to a microwave radar module, a single-photon lidar module, and a coherent lidar module, respectively. Beam splitter 2 is an optical element used to split the laser light emitted by laser 1 into five paths. The first and second laser paths are transmitted to the microwave radar module, the third laser path is transmitted to the single-photon lidar module, and the fourth and fifth laser paths are transmitted to the coherent lidar module.

[0069] The microwave radar module receives the first and second laser beams emitted by beam splitter 2. It modulates the first laser beam using radio frequency signals to generate a microwave radar transmission signal, which is then transmitted to the target. It also receives microwave radar echo signals and modulates the second laser beam using the microwave radar echo signal and radio frequency signals to generate an intermediate frequency echo signal, which is then transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0070] Specifically, the microwave radar module includes: a radio frequency signal generator, a first optoelectronic modulator, a second optoelectronic modulator, a first optoelectronic conversion unit, a second optoelectronic conversion unit, and a transceiver unit;

[0071] The radio frequency signal generator is used to generate a first radio frequency signal and a programmable radio frequency signal and send them to a first optoelectronic modulator; it is also used to generate a second radio frequency signal and send it to a second optoelectronic modulator.

[0072] The radio frequency (RF) signal generator is used to generate RF signals for radar detection. The RF signal generator includes: a waveform generator 4, an RF source 3, a mixer 5, and a first bandpass filter 6. The RF source 3 generates a first RF signal which is transmitted to the mixer 5, and generates a second RF signal which is transmitted to the second optoelectronic modulator 13 for modulating a second laser beam.

[0073] Waveform generator 4 is used to generate intermediate frequency (IF) signals and transmit them to mixer 5. The IF signal is a fixed frequency signal used for signal processing and modulation in the radar system, with a frequency between that of radio frequency (RF) signals and baseband signals.

[0074] Mixer 5 mixes the first radio frequency signal and the intermediate frequency signal to generate a programmable radio frequency signal, which is then transmitted to the first bandpass filter 6. The programmable radio frequency signal can be programmed as needed to adapt to different detection conditions and target characteristics.

[0075] The first bandpass filter 6 is used to filter the programmable radio frequency signal to ensure that the frequency characteristics of the signal meet the system requirements. The filtered programmable radio frequency signal is then transmitted to the first modulation unit.

[0076] The first optoelectronic modulator 7 modulates the first laser beam based on the programmable radio frequency signal and the first radio frequency signal, and sends the modulated optical signal to the first optoelectronic conversion unit for optoelectronic conversion to obtain a microwave radar transmission signal, which is then transmitted by the transceiver unit. The second optoelectronic modulator 13 modulates the second laser beam based on the microwave radar echo signal and the second radio frequency signal to generate a modulated optical signal, which is then sent to the second optoelectronic conversion unit for optoelectronic conversion to obtain an intermediate frequency echo signal, which is then transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module 29.

[0077] The first optoelectronic modulator 7 modulates the first laser beam with a programmable radio frequency signal generated by the radio frequency signal generator and a first radio frequency signal, changing the phase or amplitude of the laser to carry the information required for radar detection. The second optoelectronic modulator 13 receives the target-reflected microwave radar echo signal from the transceiver unit and modulates the second laser beam together with the second radio frequency signal, changing the phase or amplitude of the laser. Modulation is the process of encoding information onto a carrier wave in a radar signal. In the optoelectronic modulator, the characteristics of the laser, such as amplitude, frequency, or phase, are changed to carry the information to be transmitted.

[0078] Furthermore, the first photoelectric conversion unit includes:

[0079] The first optical amplifier 8 amplifies the modulated optical signal sent by the first photoelectric modulator 7 before transmitting it to the first optical filter. The first optical amplifier 8 amplifies the modulated optical signal to increase its intensity.

[0080] The first optical filter 9 is used to filter the amplified optical signal before transmitting it to the first photodetector, removing unwanted frequency components to improve signal quality.

[0081] The first photodetector 10 is used to convert the filtered optical signal into a corresponding electrical signal, namely the microwave radar transmission signal, and transmit the microwave radar transmission signal to the transceiver unit for transmission.

[0082] The transceiver unit includes a TR component 11 and an antenna 12. The TR component 11 includes a transmitter and a receiver. In transmit mode, the TR component 11 transmits microwave radar signals to the target via the antenna 12. In receive mode, the TR component 11 receives echo signals reflected from the target.

[0083] The second photoelectric conversion unit includes: a second optical filter 14, a second photodetector 15, and a second bandpass filter 16.

[0084] The second optical filter 14 is used to receive the optical signal modulated by the second photoelectric modulator 13, filter the optical signal to remove unwanted frequency components or noise, and transmit the filtered signal to the second photodetector.

[0085] The second photodetector 15 is used to convert the filtered optical signal into an electrical signal, namely an intermediate frequency echo signal, and transmit it to the second bandpass filter 16.

[0086] The second bandpass filter 16 is used to further filter the intermediate frequency echo signal to extract useful signal components, remove unwanted frequencies or noise, and transmit the signal to the control and acquisition processing module 29.

[0087] Furthermore, the coherent lidar module includes:

[0088] Laser modulation unit, transceiver optical system, coherent detection unit;

[0089] The laser modulation unit is used to receive the fourth laser beam emitted by the beam splitter, modulate the fourth laser beam to generate a laser emission signal, and emit the laser emission signal through the transceiver optical system.

[0090] The transceiver optical system receives the laser echo signal and transmits it to the coherent detection unit.

[0091] The coherent detection unit is used to receive the laser echo signal and the fifth laser beam. Based on the laser echo signal and the fifth laser beam, a coherent intermediate frequency signal is obtained and transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0092] Coherent lasers refer to two or more beams of light that maintain the same phase difference, have the same frequency, or have completely identical waveforms during propagation. Coherent lasers can produce stable interference phenomena during propagation, namely constructive interference and destructive interference.

[0093] Specifically, the laser modulation unit includes:

[0094] The fourth optoelectronic modulator 22 is used to receive the fourth laser emitted by the beam splitter 2, modulate the fourth laser, change the phase, frequency or amplitude of the fourth laser to generate a laser emission signal for detection and transmit it to the third optical amplifier 23.

[0095] The third optical amplifier 23 is used to amplify the laser emission signal to ensure that the laser emission signal has a sufficient power level and to transmit the amplified laser emission signal to the transceiver optical system.

[0096] The coherent detection unit includes: an optical coupler 27 and a fourth photodetector 28;

[0097] Optical coupler 27 is used to receive the laser echo signal and the fifth laser emitted by beam splitter 2, obtain a coherent optical signal based on the laser echo signal and the fifth laser, and transmit the coherent optical signal to the fourth photodetector 28. Optical coupler 27 mixes the laser echo signal and the fifth laser, and uses the phase difference between the laser echo signal and the fifth laser to generate a coherent optical signal.

[0098] The fourth photodetector 28 is used to convert coherent optical signals into electrical signals and transmit them to the control and acquisition processing module.

[0099] The transceiver optical system includes: an optical circulator 24, an optical transmission system 25, and a galvanometer 26;

[0100] The optical circulator 24 is used to receive laser emission signals and transmit them to the optical transmission system; and to transmit the laser echo signals transmitted by the optical transmission system to the coherent detection unit.

[0101] The optical circulator 24 is a non-reciprocal optical element that allows light signals to travel in one direction without reflection. The optical circulator 24 receives the laser emission signal from the third optical amplifier 23 and transmits it to the optical transmission system. When the laser echo signal is reflected back from the target, the optical circulator 24 transmits the laser echo signal to the coherent detection unit for coherent detection and signal processing.

[0102] Optical transmission system 25 is used to collimate the laser emission signal and transmit it to galvanometer 26; and to converge the laser echo signal and transmit it to optical circulator 24. Optical transmission system 25 collimates the laser emission signal, that is, it focuses the laser beam into a parallel beam to improve its directional stability and energy concentration during propagation.

[0103] Galvanometer 26 is used to scan the target based on the collimated laser emission signal and to receive the laser echo signal returned from the target and transmit it to the optical transmission system 25. Galvanometer 26 is a fast-response optical scanner that guides the direction of the laser beam by controlling the deflection angle of a mirror. Galvanometer 26 receives the collimated laser emission signal and scans the target according to the instructions of the control and acquisition processing module 29. Galvanometer 26 also reflects the laser echo signal returned from the target back to the optical transmission system 25 for subsequent signal processing.

[0104] Furthermore, the single-photon lidar module includes: a third optoelectronic modulator 17, a second optical amplifier 18, a third photodetector 19, an optical transmitting system 20, and an optical receiving system 21.

[0105] The third optoelectronic modulator 17 receives the third laser beam after beam splitting, modulates the third laser beam to generate single-photon laser pulses, and transmits them to the second optical amplifier. The third optoelectronic modulator 17 receives the third laser beam from the beam splitter 2, performs electro-optic effects on the third laser beam to generate the required pulse sequence, and generates single-photon level laser pulses. Each single-photon laser pulse contains only one photon, which has the characteristics of high time resolution and sensitivity, and can accurately measure the arrival time of photons in a very short time.

[0106] The second optical amplifier 18 is used to amplify the single-photon laser pulse and transmit the amplified single-photon laser pulse to the optical emission system 20 for emission. The optical emission system 20 includes lenses or other optical elements for focusing and directional emission of the laser pulse toward the target area.

[0107] The optical receiving system 21 receives the echo signal of a single-photon laser pulse and transmits it to the third photodetector 19. The optical receiving system 21 includes a receiving lens or optical antenna for collecting the scattered laser pulse and focusing it onto the third photodetector 29.

[0108] The third photodetector 19 is used to convert the single-photon laser pulse echo signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the control and acquisition processing module. The sensitivity of the third photodetector 19 needs to be set to be able to detect signals at the single photon level. The converted electrical signal is transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module 29.

[0109] Furthermore, the control and acquisition processing module 29 is used to process the received intermediate frequency echo signal from the microwave radar module, the electrical signal from the single-photon lidar module, and the coherent intermediate frequency signal from the coherent lidar module to generate the characteristic parameters of the target.

[0110] Specifically, the characteristic parameters of the target generated by processing the intermediate frequency echo signal, laser pulse electrical signal, and coherent intermediate frequency signal include:

[0111] The first velocity information and the first distance information are obtained by processing the intermediate frequency echo signal;

[0112] The second distance information is obtained by processing the laser pulse electrical signal;

[0113] The coherent intermediate frequency signal is processed to obtain the second velocity information and the third distance information. The first velocity information and the second velocity information are weighted and averaged to obtain the target velocity information.

[0114] The target distance information is obtained by performing a weighted average of the first distance information, the second distance information, and the third distance information.

[0115] The target velocity information is obtained by weighted averaging the first velocity information obtained based on the intermediate frequency echo signal and the second velocity information obtained based on the coherent intermediate frequency signal, as shown in the calculation formula (1).

[0116] V = αV1 + (1 - α)V2; (1)

[0117] Where V represents the target velocity information, V1 represents the first velocity information, V2 represents the second velocity information, and α represents the velocity weight.

[0118] The first velocity information obtained based on the intermediate frequency echo signal includes:

[0119] The Doppler frequency shift is obtained by performing spectral analysis on the intermediate frequency echo signal;

[0120] The first velocity information is shown in calculation formula (2);

[0121]

[0122] Where λ1 is the wavelength of the microwave radar transmitted signal, and Δf1 is the Doppler frequency shift;

[0123] The second velocity information obtained based on the coherent intermediate frequency signal includes:

[0124] Frequency change is obtained by performing frequency analysis on the coherent intermediate frequency signal;

[0125] The second speed information is shown in calculation formula (3);

[0126]

[0127] Where λ2 is the wavelength of the laser emission signal, and Δf2 is the frequency change.

[0128] The target distance information is obtained by weighted averaging the first distance information obtained from the intermediate frequency echo signal, the second distance information obtained from the laser pulse electrical signal, and the third distance information obtained from the coherent intermediate frequency signal, as shown in the calculation formula (4).

[0129] R=βR1+γR2+(1-β-γ)R3 (4)

[0130] Where R represents the target distance information, R1 represents the first distance information, R2 represents the second distance information, R3 represents the third distance information, and β and γ represent the distance weights.

[0131] The first distance information is obtained based on the intermediate frequency echo signal as shown in the calculation formula (5);

[0132]

[0133] Where R1 represents the first distance information, c represents the speed of light, t1 represents the arrival time of the microwave radar echo pulse, and t 01 This refers to the transmission time of the microwave radar signal.

[0134] The second distance information obtained based on the laser pulse electrical signal is shown in the calculation formula (6);

[0135]

[0136] Where R2 represents the second distance information, t2 represents the arrival time of the single-photon laser pulse, and t 02 This refers to the emission time of a single-photon laser pulse;

[0137] The third distance information is obtained based on the coherent intermediate frequency signal as shown in the calculation formula (7);

[0138]

[0139] Where R3 is the third distance information and τ2 is the laser pulse width of the laser emission signal.

[0140] The above embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: Through the coordinated operation of the microwave radar module, the coherent lidar module, and the single-photon lidar module, high-precision target detection is achieved, improving the overall accuracy of the detection system; by processing the received intermediate frequency echo signal from the microwave radar module, the electrical signal from the single-photon lidar module, and the coherent intermediate frequency signal from the coherent lidar module using the control and acquisition processing module, characteristic parameters of the target are generated, simplifying the system structure, reducing hardware requirements, and lowering the system's complexity and cost; by combining the all-weather operation capability of the microwave radar with the high-precision detection capability of the lidar, the system's adaptability to various environmental conditions is improved. The wide beamwidth and strong penetration of the microwave radar ensure detection capability under adverse weather conditions, while the lidar provides high-precision detection under good weather conditions, ensuring the effective operation of the system in different environments.

[0141] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be a disk, optical disk, read-only memory, or random access memory, etc.

[0142] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A microwave-laser integrated radar composite detection system, characterized in that, include: Laser, used to generate laser light; A beam splitter is used to receive the laser emitted by the laser and split the laser into multiple paths, which are then transmitted to a microwave radar module, a single-photon lidar module, and a coherent lidar module, respectively. The microwave radar module is used to receive the first and second laser beams emitted by the beam splitter, modulate the first laser beam with radio frequency signals to generate a microwave radar transmission signal and transmit it to the target; it is also used to receive microwave radar echo signals, and modulate the second laser beam with microwave radar echo signals and radio frequency signals to generate an intermediate frequency echo signal, which is then transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module. The single-photon lidar module is used to receive the third laser beam emitted by the beam splitter, generate a single-photon laser pulse based on the third laser beam and emit it; it is also used to receive the single-photon laser pulse echo signal and convert it into an electrical signal before transmitting it to the control and acquisition processing module. The coherent lidar module is used to receive the fourth and fifth laser beams after beam splitting, generate a laser emission signal based on the fourth laser beam and emit it; receive the laser echo signal, and obtain a coherent intermediate frequency signal based on the laser echo signal and the fifth laser beam, which is then transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module. The control and acquisition processing module is used to process the received intermediate frequency echo signal from the microwave radar module, the electrical signal from the single-photon lidar module, and the coherent intermediate frequency signal from the coherent lidar module to generate the target's characteristic parameters.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave radar module includes: a radio frequency signal generator, a first optoelectronic modulator, a second optoelectronic modulator, a first optoelectronic conversion unit, a second optoelectronic conversion unit, and a transceiver unit; The radio frequency signal generator is used to generate a first radio frequency signal and a programmable radio frequency signal and send them to a first optoelectronic modulator; it is also used to generate a second radio frequency signal and send it to a second optoelectronic modulator. The first optoelectronic modulator modulates the first laser based on the programmable radio frequency signal and the first radio frequency signal, and sends the modulated optical signal to the first optoelectronic conversion unit for optoelectronic conversion to obtain a microwave radar transmission signal, which is then transmitted by the transceiver unit. The transceiver unit receives microwave radar echo signals and transmits them to the second optoelectronic modulator. The second optoelectronic modulator modulates the second laser based on the microwave radar echo signal and the second radio frequency signal to generate a modulated optical signal, which is then sent to the second optoelectronic conversion unit for optoelectronic conversion to obtain an intermediate frequency echo signal. The intermediate frequency echo signal is then transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radio frequency signal generator includes: a waveform generator, a radio frequency source, a mixer, and a first bandpass filter; A radio frequency (RF) source is used to generate a first RF signal that is transmitted to a mixer; and to generate a second RF signal that is transmitted to a second opto-modulator. A waveform generator is used to generate intermediate frequency signals and transmit them to a mixer. A mixer mixes the first radio frequency signal and the intermediate frequency signal to generate a programmable radio frequency signal, which is then transmitted to a first bandpass filter. The first bandpass filter is used to filter the programmable radio frequency signal and transmit the filtered programmable radio frequency signal to the first modulation unit.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coherent lidar module includes: Laser modulation unit, transceiver optical system, coherent detection unit; The laser modulation unit is used to receive the fourth laser beam emitted by the beam splitter, modulate the fourth laser beam to generate a laser emission signal, and emit the laser emission signal through the transceiver optical system. The transceiver optical system receives the laser echo signal and transmits it to the coherent detection unit. The coherent detection unit is used to receive the laser echo signal and the fifth laser beam. Based on the laser echo signal and the fifth laser beam, a coherent intermediate frequency signal is obtained and transmitted to the control and acquisition processing module.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-photon lidar module includes: The system comprises a third photoelectric modulator, a second optical amplifier, a third photoelectric detector, an optical transmitting system, and an optical receiving system. The third optoelectronic modulator is used to receive the third laser beam after beam splitting, modulate the third laser beam to generate a single-photon laser pulse and transmit it to the second optical amplifier. The second optical amplifier is used to amplify the single-photon laser pulse and transmit the amplified single-photon laser pulse to the optical emission system for emission. An optical receiving system receives single-photon laser pulse echo signals and transmits them to a third photodetector. The third photodetector is used to convert the single-photon laser pulse echo signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the control and acquisition processing module.

6. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first photoelectric conversion unit includes: a first optical amplifier, used to amplify the modulated optical signal sent by the first photoelectric modulator and then transmit it to the first optical filter; The first optical filter is used to filter the amplified optical signal before transmitting it to the first photodetector. The first photodetector is used to convert the filtered optical signal into a microwave radar transmission signal and transmit it to the transceiver unit for transmission.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second photoelectric conversion unit includes: Second optical filter, second photodetector, second bandpass filter; The second optical filter is used to receive the optical signal generated by the second photoelectric modulator, filter the optical signal and then transmit it to the second photodetector. The second photodetector is used to convert the filtered optical signal into an intermediate frequency echo signal and transmit it to the second bandpass filter. The second bandpass filter is used to filter the intermediate frequency echo signal and transmit it to the control and acquisition processing module.

8. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The laser modulation unit includes: The fourth optoelectronic modulator is used to receive the fourth laser beam emitted by the beam splitter, modulate the fourth laser beam to generate a laser emission signal, and transmit it to the third optical amplifier. The third optical amplifier is used to amplify the laser emission signal and transmit the amplified laser emission signal to the transceiver optical system.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The coherent detection unit includes: an optical coupler and a fourth photodetector; An optical coupler is used to receive the laser echo signal and the fifth laser emitted by the beam splitter, obtain a coherent optical signal based on the laser echo signal and the fifth laser, and transmit the coherent optical signal to the fourth photodetector. The fourth photodetector is used to convert coherent optical signals into electrical signals and transmit them to the control and acquisition processing module.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The transceiver optical system includes: an optical circulator, an optical transmission system, and a galvanometer; An optical circulator is used to receive laser emission signals and transmit them to an optical transmission system; and to transmit laser echo signals transmitted by the optical transmission system to a coherent detection unit. An optical transmission system is used to collimate the laser emission signal and transmit it to a galvanometer; and to collimate the laser echo signal and transmit it to an optical circulator. A galvanometer is used to scan a target based on the collimated laser emission signal and to receive the laser echo signal returned from the target and transmit it to an optical transmission system.

Images