Temperature monitoring and regulation method for bus trunking in data centers

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power equipment monitoring technology, specifically to a temperature monitoring and regulation method for busbar trunking in data centers, solving the technical problem of low monitoring accuracy in existing technologies. The method includes: acquiring the load current sequence, surface temperature sequence, and ambient temperature sequence of the busbar trunking during the corresponding time period of a current step event in the busbar trunking; performing thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis based on the load current sequence, surface temperature sequence, and ambient temperature sequence to determine fault characteristic index data; the fault characteristic index data includes resistance increment index and structural loosening index; the resistance increment index is used to characterize the DC offset of contact resistance, and the structural loosening index is used to characterize the loosening of mechanical connections; and controlling and regulating the busbar trunking based on the fault characteristic index data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment monitoring technology, and specifically to a method for temperature monitoring and regulation of busbar trunking in data centers. Background Technology

[0002] As the core infrastructure for data storage and processing, the safe and stable operation of the power distribution system in data centers is crucial to ensuring business continuity. High-density busbar trunking, due to its high power supply reliability and flexible distribution capabilities, has become the mainstream solution for end-point power distribution in data centers. The conductor joints of busbar trunking are a weak point in the power distribution system. During long-term operation, factors such as ambient temperature changes and mechanical vibrations can easily cause the joint contact condition to deteriorate, leading to abnormal temperature rises. If not monitored and adjusted in time, this can induce serious faults such as electric arcing, short circuits, or even electrical fires. Therefore, precise temperature monitoring and regulation of busbar trunking is particularly important.

[0003] Currently, the industry primarily assesses the operating status of busbar trunking by monitoring its surface temperature. Existing temperature monitoring methods typically rely on fixed temperature threshold alarm mechanisms. However, this single monitoring approach is significantly inadequate in complex data center environments. It struggles to adapt to the dynamically changing operating conditions of data centers and cannot effectively differentiate between different types of contact faults. This results in low accuracy and reliability of temperature monitoring, and corresponding adjustment measures lack specificity. Consequently, it is prone to missed or false alarms and fails to balance the safety of the power distribution system with the business continuity of the data center. Overall, the monitoring and adjustment performance cannot meet the high reliability requirements of data center operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of low monitoring accuracy in existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a temperature monitoring and regulation method suitable for busbar trunking in data centers. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows: This application provides a method for temperature monitoring and regulation of busbar trunking in data centers, including: In the event of a current step event in the busbar trunking, the load current sequence, surface temperature sequence, and ambient temperature sequence of the busbar trunking are obtained during the time period corresponding to the current step event. Thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis is performed based on the load current sequence, the surface temperature sequence, and the ambient temperature sequence to determine fault characteristic index data; the fault characteristic index data includes resistance increment index and structural loosening index; the resistance increment index is used to characterize the DC offset of contact resistance, and the structural loosening index is used to characterize the loosening of mechanical connection; The busbar trunking is controlled and adjusted based on the fault characteristic index data.

[0005] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: Based on the above technical solution, this application acquires multi-dimensional operational data of the busbar under current step events, and uses thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis to extract characteristic indicators that can distinguish different fault types, thereby implementing targeted control and adjustment strategies. Compared with the monitoring methods in the prior art that rely on fixed temperature thresholds, this application can adapt to the dynamically changing heat dissipation environment of the data center, and identifies faults by analyzing thermal response characteristics rather than a single temperature amplitude, thereby improving the fault identification accuracy in complex airflow environments. At the same time, by distinguishing between oxidation faults and loosening faults, it is beneficial for the operation and maintenance system to implement differentiated response strategies, effectively resolving the contradiction between power distribution safety and data center availability. Attached Figure Description

[0006] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0007] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for temperature monitoring and regulation of busbar trunking in a data center, provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a temperature monitoring and regulation device for a data center busbar, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0008] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of the temperature monitoring and regulation method for data center busbars proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0009] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0010] The specific solution of the temperature monitoring and regulation method for busbar trunking in data centers provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0011] Please see Figure 1The diagram illustrates a method flowchart for temperature monitoring and regulation of a data center busbar trunking according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps: Step 101: In the event of a current step event in the busbar trunking, obtain the load current sequence, surface temperature sequence, and ambient temperature sequence of the busbar trunking during the time period corresponding to the current step event.

[0012] It should be noted that a current step event refers to a condition in which the load current of the busbar trunking changes significantly. This change provides the basis for transient response data in subsequent thermal characteristic analysis. In actual data center operation, due to the periodic fluctuations in business load (such as the diurnal tidal effect or the start and stop of batch processing tasks), the load current of the busbar trunking will exhibit dynamic change characteristics. By utilizing these naturally occurring load change events, the thermal response characteristics of the busbar trunking under different heat dissipation environments can be captured.

[0013] The time period corresponding to the current step event includes the time when the step event occurs and the subsequent preset duration. For example, the preset duration can be set to 5 minutes to ensure that complete temperature dynamic change data can be collected.

[0014] The load current sequence refers to the ordered set of busbar load current data collected at a preset sampling frequency within a given time period, reflecting the current carrying capacity of the busbar during the monitoring period. The surface temperature sequence refers to the ordered set of temperature sampling data of the busbar conductor joint surfaces, reflecting the actual temperature changes at the busbar joints. The ambient temperature sequence refers to the ordered set of temperature sampling data of the computer room environment where the busbar is located, reflecting the reference temperature of the environment. The sampling frequencies of these three sequences are kept consistent; for example, the sampling frequency can be set to 1 time / second to ensure data time synchronization.

[0015] In some embodiments, this application can acquire load current in real time through current transformers deployed in the busbar trunking circuit, acquire surface temperature through temperature sensors arranged on the surface of key joints of the busbar trunking, and obtain ambient temperature through a computer room environmental monitoring system. To ensure data temporal consistency, the temperature data is time-aligned using linear interpolation with the current sampling time as the primary key, generating a synchronized data vector.

[0016] Step 102: Perform thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis based on load current sequence, surface temperature sequence and ambient temperature sequence to determine fault characteristic index data.

[0017] The fault characteristic indicators include resistance increment and structural loosening indicators. The resistance increment indicator characterizes the degree of DC deviation in contact resistance. The larger the resistance increment indicator, the more significant the DC deviation in contact resistance and the higher the degree of oxidation of the joint.

[0018] The structural looseness index is used to characterize the degree of looseness in mechanical connections. The higher the structural looseness index, the greater the degree of mechanical looseness of the joint, and the more obvious the fluctuations in the contact state caused by thermal expansion and contraction.

[0019] It should be noted that thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis refers to the process of processing and analyzing the collected sequence data based on the thermal hysteresis loop characteristics exhibited by the busbar trunking during load current changes. This process isolates the interference of environmental heat dissipation and normal current heating on the busbar trunking temperature rise, extracting characteristic information only related to the contact state of the conductor joints. The thermal hysteresis phenomenon originates from the change in the contact interface state of the busbar trunking conductors during thermal expansion and contraction: when the load increases and the temperature rises, the expansion of the metal conductor may compress the contact interface; when the load decreases and the temperature drops, the contraction of the metal conductor may loosen the contact interface. This change in mechanical state is reflected in the difference in temperature rise characteristics. This application can transform continuous sequence data into quantitative fault characteristic indicators through thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis, achieving a quantitative characterization of busbar trunking contact faults and thus effectively distinguishing fault types.

[0020] Step 103: Control and adjust the busbar trunking based on fault characteristic index data.

[0021] This application allows for the implementation of corresponding maintenance, protection, or environmental adjustment measures based on the busbar contact status reflected by fault characteristic indicator data. These measures include, but are not limited to, branch protection, load adjustment, planned maintenance, and adjustment of the computer room temperature control system. In this way, the application combines busbar status monitoring with actual control and adjustment actions, achieving a closed loop between monitoring and adjustment. This avoids the problem of disconnect between monitoring and adjustment, ensuring that adjustment actions accurately match the actual operating status of the busbar.

[0022] Based on the above technical solution, this application acquires multi-dimensional operational data of the busbar under current step events, and uses thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis to extract characteristic indicators that can distinguish different fault types, thereby implementing targeted control and adjustment strategies. Compared with the monitoring methods in the prior art that rely on fixed temperature thresholds, this application can adapt to the dynamically changing heat dissipation environment of the data center, and identifies faults by analyzing thermal response characteristics rather than a single temperature amplitude, thereby improving the fault identification accuracy in complex airflow environments. At the same time, by distinguishing between oxidation faults and loosening faults, it is beneficial for the operation and maintenance system to implement differentiated response strategies, effectively resolving the contradiction between power distribution safety and data center availability.

[0023] As a possible embodiment of this application, step 101 above can be implemented through the following steps: Step 201: Monitor the load current of the busbar trunking in real time.

[0024] For example, this application can achieve real-time monitoring of load current by deploying a current sensor on the bus trunking circuit. The monitoring accuracy of the sensor needs to be adapted to the current variation range of the data center bus trunking. For example, the monitoring accuracy can be set to 0.1A to ensure that it can accurately capture small changes in load current and provide accurate current data for subsequent step event determination.

[0025] Step 202: When it is detected that the decrease in load current at the current moment relative to the load current at the previous moment exceeds a preset step threshold, a current step event is determined to have occurred.

[0026] The preset step threshold is used to define the significance of current changes. It can be preset according to the rated operating current of the busbar trunking, for example, it can be 25% of the rated operating current of the busbar trunking. This avoids misjudgment caused by small fluctuations in load current and ensures that the captured step events have sufficient amplitude so that the subsequent temperature change process has analytical value.

[0027] The determination process uses a time-by-time comparison method, that is, calculating the difference in load current between two adjacent sampling times. If the difference is negative and the absolute value exceeds a preset step threshold, a current step event is determined to have occurred. This application chooses the current decreasing process (lower step) for current step event determination rather than the rising process because during the natural cooling phase after the load decreases, the temperature decay characteristics of the busbar trunking are mainly affected by heat dissipation conditions, which facilitates the subsequent extraction of environmental heat dissipation parameters.

[0028] To address situations where there are no significant load fluctuations for extended periods, this application can also introduce an aging and degradation strategy: the system records the timestamp of the last update of a current step event. If no update is received for a preset period (e.g., 24 hours), the system will automatically introduce a confidence decay factor, which can be linearly adjusted based on the duration without a current step; the longer the duration, the smaller the decay factor, such as 0.9. In subsequent fault diagnosis, the preset step threshold is reduced based on the confidence decay factor, or a "benchmark needs calibration" prompt message is sent to maintenance personnel.

[0029] Step 203: In response to the determination that a current step event has occurred, obtain the load current sequence, surface temperature sequence, and ambient temperature sequence for the time period corresponding to the current step event.

[0030] After determining that a current step event has occurred, this application uses the moment of the step occurrence as a reference to extract a certain time interval (e.g., 5 minutes after the step) of load current, surface temperature, and ambient temperature sequences to form a complete analysis dataset. If some sampled data within this time interval is missing, linear interpolation can be used to complete it, ensuring the integrity of the sequence data.

[0031] Based on the above technical solution, this application can accurately determine current step events by real-time monitoring of load current and setting a preset step threshold, effectively avoiding missed or false judgments of step events. The determination result of the step event is used as the trigger point to obtain the sequence data of the corresponding time period, ensuring that the acquired basic data is highly correlated with the step event, providing effective data support for subsequent thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis, while avoiding meaningless massive data collection and reducing the data processing pressure of the system.

[0032] As a possible embodiment of this application, step 102 above can be implemented through the following steps: Step 301: Perform thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis based on the load current sequence, surface temperature sequence, and ambient temperature sequence, and calculate the temperature rise residual sequence.

[0033] The temperature rise residual sequence is used to characterize the net temperature rise deviation after eliminating the influence of environmental heat dissipation and current heating. It consists of temperature rise residual values ​​at multiple sampling times. The temperature rise residual value refers to the difference between the actual temperature rise value and the theoretically expected temperature rise value of the busbar conductor joint. This temperature rise residual value eliminates the interference of changes in environmental heat dissipation capacity and normal load current heating on the busbar temperature rise, and only reflects the net temperature rise deviation caused by abnormal contact state of the conductor joint. It is the core data for subsequent characteristic analysis. This application can remove the interference of irrelevant factors through basic data processing for thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis, allowing subsequent analysis to focus on the contact state of the busbar itself.

[0034] Step 302: Based on the temperature rise residual sequence and the load current sequence, construct the load loading stage dataset and the load unloading stage dataset respectively.

[0035] Among them, the load loading stage dataset is used to characterize the temperature rise residual data set during the load current loading stage, and the load unloading stage dataset is used to characterize the temperature rise residual data set during the load current unloading stage.

[0036] The load loading stage refers to the operating stage in which the load current of the busbar trunking increases significantly. During this load loading stage, the conductors of the busbar trunking undergo thermal expansion due to the increased current.

[0037] The load unloading stage refers to the operating stage in which the load current of the busbar trunking decreases significantly. During this load unloading stage, the conductors of the busbar trunking undergo cold contraction due to the reduction in current.

[0038] Both datasets mentioned above are subsets of data selected from the temperature rise residual sequence and matched with the corresponding load stages. Their construction logic is based on the correlation between the load current change trend and the temperature rise residual. This application can classify the temperature rise residual data according to the load change stage through the construction of the dataset, thereby achieving the separation and extraction of different path characteristics of the thermal hysteresis loop.

[0039] In one possible implementation, this application can calculate the rate of change of current at each sampling moment in the time period corresponding to the current step event based on the load current sequence.

[0040] The rate of change of current refers to the ratio of the difference in load current between two adjacent sampling times to the sampling time interval, and its calculation formula is as follows: in, For the first The rate of change of current at each sampling time. For the first Load current at each sampling time, For the first Load current at each sampling time, The time interval between two adjacent sampling moments is determined based on the sampling frequency. The rate of change of current reflects the trend and magnitude of the load current change at each sampling moment; a positive value indicates an increase in load current, a negative value indicates a decrease in load current, and a larger absolute value indicates a more drastic change in current.

[0041] Subsequently, the temperature rise residual values ​​at each time point in the temperature rise residual sequence were filtered and classified according to the current change rate at each sampling time point, and the load loading stage dataset and the load unloading stage dataset were constructed.

[0042] For example, this application may set a dead zone threshold for the rate of change of current. For example, the dead zone threshold of the current change rate can be set to 5% / s of the rated current of the busbar trunking to distinguish between significant changes and small fluctuations in the current.

[0043] If the rate of change of current at a certain sampling moment is greater than This indicates that the busbar is in the load loading stage at this time, and the temperature rise residual value at this sampling moment is included in the load loading stage dataset.

[0044] If the rate of change of current at a certain sampling time is less than This indicates that the busbar is in the load unloading stage at this time, and the temperature rise residual value at this sampling moment is included in the load unloading stage dataset.

[0045] If the absolute value of the rate of change of current at a certain sampling moment is less than or equal to This indicates that the busbar is in a stable load phase at this time, and the temperature rise residual value at this sampling moment is not included in the dataset construction.

[0046] The above processing method actually constitutes a high-pass filter, which effectively filters out random measurement noise under steady state and retains only dynamic process data with high signal-to-noise ratio.

[0047] In some embodiments, if the number of data points in the load loading phase dataset or the load unloading phase dataset is less than the minimum number of samples (e.g., 5), it indicates that the current load is stable and effective path difference features cannot be extracted. In this case, this application can stop performing subsequent index calculations and updates, directly maintain the previous output, and keep the previous fault diagnosis state unchanged. This ensures the robustness of the algorithm under all operating conditions and avoids program crashes or invalid output results.

[0048] Step 303: Determine the fault characteristic index data based on the load loading phase dataset and the load unloading phase dataset.

[0049] In one possible implementation, this application can determine the loading residual component based on the load loading phase dataset and the unloading residual component based on the load unloading phase dataset.

[0050] Among them, the loading residual component is used to characterize the temperature rise deviation caused by abnormal contact state during the load current loading stage, and the unloading residual component is used to characterize the temperature rise deviation caused by abnormal contact state during the load current unloading stage.

[0051] For example, the loaded residual components satisfy the following formula: in, To load the residual components, For the load loading phase dataset, This represents the number of data points in the dataset during the load loading phase. This load residual component is the arithmetic mean of all temperature rise residual values ​​in the dataset during the load loading phase, reflecting the average additional temperature rise in the busbar trunking caused by abnormal contact conditions during the load loading phase.

[0052] in, To unload the residual components, For the load unloading phase dataset, This represents the number of data points in the load unloading phase dataset. This unloading residual component is the arithmetic mean of all temperature rise residual values ​​in the load unloading phase dataset, reflecting the average additional temperature rise of the busbar trunking caused by abnormal contact conditions during the load unloading phase.

[0053] This application uses an arithmetic mean to calculate the components, which can effectively offset abnormal fluctuations of a single data point and ensure the statistical significance of the components.

[0054] Then, fault characteristic index data are determined based on the loading residual component and the unloading residual component.

[0055] The fault characteristic indicators may include resistance increment indicators and structural loosening indicators. For example, the resistance increment indicator can be obtained by averaging the loading residual component and the unloading residual component, reflecting the overall DC offset of the busbar contact resistance throughout the entire load fluctuation cycle. The structural loosening indicator can be obtained by subtracting the loading residual component from the unloading residual component, reflecting the difference in temperature rise deviation between the load loading and unloading stages, i.e., the width of the thermal hysteresis loop, whose value directly characterizes the degree of loosening of the mechanical connection.

[0056] Based on the above technical solution, this application can perform thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis based on load current sequence, surface temperature sequence, and ambient temperature sequence, calculate temperature rise residual sequence, and remove irrelevant interference from ambient heat dissipation and normal current heating, so that the analysis data can truly reflect the contact state of the bus trunking. According to the temperature rise residual sequence and load current sequence, load loading stage dataset and load unloading stage dataset are constructed respectively, realizing the separation and extraction of different path characteristics of thermal hysteresis loop, so that the calculation of fault characteristic indicators can accurately match the contact state changes in different load stages. Finally, the fault characteristic indicator data is determined based on the load loading stage dataset and the load unloading stage dataset, improving the stability and reliability of the indicator data, and providing accurate judgment basis for subsequent control and regulation.

[0057] As a possible embodiment of this application, step 301 above can be implemented through the following steps: Step 401: Generate the actual temperature rise sequence based on the temperature deviation between the surface temperature sequence and the ambient temperature sequence at corresponding times.

[0058] In this series of actual temperature rise values, each data point represents the difference between the surface temperature of the busbar conductor joint and the ambient temperature of the computer room at the same sampling time. This difference reflects the actual temperature rise of the busbar under the current load and environment, eliminating the influence of changes in the ambient temperature baseline on the busbar temperature monitoring.

[0059] Step 402: Determine the expected temperature rise sequence based on the current thermal resistance reference table and the load current sequence.

[0060] The current-thermal resistance reference table stores environmental thermal resistance data corresponding to different load current ranges. Stored in a pre-built and real-time updated benchmark database, this table divides the rated operating current range of the busbar trunking into multiple consecutive load current ranges. Each load current range corresponds to an environmental thermal resistance value under the current environment, reflecting the heat dissipation capacity of the computer room environment for the busbar trunking under the corresponding current range. This current-thermal resistance reference table is dynamically updated by continuously learning the actual heat dissipation characteristics of the computer room.

[0061] The expected temperature rise sequence refers to the ordered set of theoretical temperature rise data of the busbar trunking under abnormal non-contact conditions, calculated based on Joule's law and steady-state heat transfer equation, combined with thermal resistance data in the current thermal resistance reference table and load current sequence.

[0062] For example, the expected temperature rise values ​​in the expected temperature rise value sequence satisfy the following formula: in, For the first The expected temperature rise at each sampling time. For the first Load current at each sampling time, The index of the load current range to which the current thermal resistance reference table belongs. Environmental thermal resistance, It is a geometric constant, determined by the cross-sectional area, length, and resistivity of the busbar conductor.

[0063] In some embodiments, the current thermal resistance reference table may also be maintained and updated before determining the expected temperature rise sequence based on the current thermal resistance reference table and the load current sequence.

[0064] For example, after detecting a step drop in load current, this application can perform thermal resistance inversion based on the decay characteristics of the surface temperature sequence to determine the measured thermal resistance of the current load current range, and update the environmental thermal resistance data of the corresponding load current range in the current thermal resistance reference table based on the measured thermal resistance.

[0065] The thermal resistance inversion can be based on Newton's law of cooling, assuming that the temperature decays exponentially with time during the cooling process. , For the first Surface temperature at each sampling time For the first The ambient temperature at each sampling time The initial surface temperature at which a load current step drop event occurs. is the thermal time constant.

[0066] The thermal time constant was obtained by performing a logarithmic transformation on the temperature data and then using least squares linear regression. Based on physical relationships Utilizing the pre-set equivalent heat capacity Inverse calculation of measured thermal resistance The current-thermal resistance reference table is then updated using a weighted average algorithm. ,in Index for load current range in the updated current-resistance reference table Environmental thermal resistance, The confidence update factor can be set based on the stability of the data center's heat dissipation environment (e.g., 0.1). Index of load current range in the previous current-thermal resistance reference table Environmental thermal resistance, This is the measured thermal resistance obtained through inverse calculation.

[0067] Step 403: Determine the temperature rise residual sequence based on the difference between the actual temperature rise sequence and the expected temperature rise sequence.

[0068] For example, the temperature rise residual values ​​in the temperature rise residual sequence satisfy the following formula: in, For the first The residual value of temperature rise at each sampling time. For the first Surface temperature at each sampling time For the first The ambient temperature at each sampling time That is, the first The actual temperature rise at each sampling time. For the first The expected temperature rise at each sampling time. If A positive value indicates that there is an abnormal contact condition in the busbar trunking, causing an additional temperature rise. The larger the difference, the higher the degree of abnormality. If the value is zero or negative, it means that the temperature rise of the busbar trunking is within the normal range.

[0069] Based on the above technical solution, this application can generate an actual temperature rise sequence based on the temperature deviation between the surface temperature sequence and the ambient temperature sequence at corresponding times, eliminating the interference of ambient temperature reference changes. The expected temperature rise sequence is determined based on the current thermal resistance reference table and the load current sequence, allowing the theoretical temperature rise data to accurately match the current data center heat dissipation environment. Finally, the temperature rise residual sequence is determined based on the difference between the actual temperature rise sequence and the expected temperature rise sequence. This effectively eliminates the dual interference of ambient heat dissipation and normal current heating on the busbar temperature rise, allowing the temperature rise residual sequence to truly and accurately reflect the abnormal contact state of the busbar conductor joints, providing high-quality core data for subsequent thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis.

[0070] As a possible embodiment of this application, step 103 above can be implemented through the following steps: Step 501: If the structural loosening index is greater than the preset loosening judgment threshold, it is determined that there is a mechanical loosening fault in the bus trunking, and the branch protection operation is executed.

[0071] The preset loosening judgment threshold is a structural loosening index judgment value pre-set according to the operational safety requirements of the bus trunking. For example, the preset loosening judgment threshold can be set to 3°C. Its value is determined based on a large number of engineering practices and fault simulation tests, and can effectively distinguish between normal mechanical clearance and dangerous mechanical loosening.

[0072] Mechanical loosening faults refer to sudden faults caused by the loosening of mechanical connections in the conductor joints of busbar trunking, resulting in changes in contact pressure due to thermal expansion and contraction. These faults pose a high risk of arcing and short circuits, and therefore require the highest priority branch protection operation.

[0073] Given the highly destructive nature of such faults, but the direct power outage would cause service interruption, this application can introduce anti-jitter confirmation logic to ensure the reliability of the action.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the branch protection operation includes the following steps: determining the number of times the busbar trunking is continuously judged as having a mechanical loosening fault by a fault counter; when the number of times the busbar trunking is continuously judged as having a mechanical loosening fault reaches a preset judgment number, driving the upstream circuit breaker of the busbar trunking to perform a physical disconnection operation and activating the field alarm device.

[0075] The fault counter is used to count the number of consecutive times the busbar trunking is judged to be a mechanical loosening fault. If the monitoring determines that it is a mechanical loosening fault, the value of the fault counter is incremented by 1. If it is determined to be a non-mechanical loosening fault, the value of the fault counter is immediately cleared to avoid non-continuous fault judgments affecting the counting results.

[0076] The preset number of judgments is an anti-jitter threshold set to avoid erroneous operations caused by instantaneous data anomalies. For example, the preset number of judgments can be set to 3, meaning that protection operation is triggered only when a mechanical loosening fault is determined 3 times consecutively. Physical disconnection operation refers to driving the shunt trip coil of the upstream circuit breaker through hard-wired signals or high-priority communication messages to cut off the power supply to the busbar branch, thus physically blocking the source of fault energy. The on-site alarm device includes an audible and visual alarm, which emits a clear audible and visual signal after activation to prompt the data center maintenance personnel to conduct an emergency investigation.

[0077] Step 502: If the structural loosening index is less than or equal to the preset loosening judgment threshold and the resistance increment index is greater than the preset oxidation judgment threshold, determine that there is a contact surface oxidation fault in the bus trunking, generate a planned maintenance work order and send a load allocation weight reduction request message.

[0078] The load allocation weight reduction request message is used to request a limit on the load current of the busbar trunking. The preset loosening judgment threshold is a resistance increment index judgment value preset according to the operational safety requirements of the busbar trunking. It can be set based on the rated operating temperature of the busbar trunking, the oxidation characteristics of the conductor material, and the ambient temperature range of the computer room. For example, the preset loosening judgment threshold can be set to 5°C.

[0079] Contact surface oxidation fault refers to a gradual fault where oxidation occurs on the contact surface of the busbar conductor joint, leading to a monotonically increasing contact resistance. This fault develops slowly and poses no immediate safety risk, but long-term operation will exacerbate abnormal temperature rise. Planned maintenance work orders, containing information such as the location of the faulty busbar, current resistance increment, and recommended maintenance time, are sent to the data center operation and maintenance management platform to guide maintenance personnel in targeted repairs. A load distribution weight reduction request message is sent to the power distribution management unit, requesting limitation on the rated load capacity of the busbar branch. For example, the load current can be limited to within 80% of the rated current to slow down the rate of oxide layer thickening.

[0080] Based on the above technical solution, this application can accurately distinguish between mechanical loosening faults and contact surface oxidation faults by comparing the values ​​of fault characteristic indicators with preset thresholds. Differentiated control and adjustment measures are adopted for different types of faults. Branch protection operations are performed for high-risk mechanical loosening faults to ensure the safety of the power distribution system. Planned maintenance and load limiting measures are adopted for gradual oxidation faults to take into account business continuity and avoid the impact of a one-size-fits-all approach on data center services. By combining fault determination with operation and maintenance work orders and power distribution adjustment, closed-loop management of faults is realized, improving the pertinence and efficiency of operation and maintenance.

[0081] As one possible embodiment of this application, the method further includes the following steps: Step 503: When the structural loosening index is less than or equal to the preset loosening judgment threshold and the resistance increment index is less than or equal to the preset oxidation judgment threshold, the temperature control system in the data center is controlled according to the surface temperature sequence.

[0082] In this case, the conductor joint contact status of the busbar trunking is determined to be normal. If the surface temperature of the busbar trunking is still higher than the preset safety baseline, for example, the safety baseline can be set to 70℃, then the abnormal temperature rise is determined to be caused by insufficient local heat dissipation in the computer room, rather than a fault in the busbar trunking itself. The temperature control system includes equipment such as variable air volume precision air conditioners and cold aisle air outlets in the data center. The system sends regional air volume adjustment commands to the temperature control system based on the spatial coordinate information of the busbar trunking. For example, it can increase the opening of the air valve of the cold aisle floor air outlet in the corresponding area, or increase the speed of the air conditioner fan in the adjacent row, thereby increasing the convective heat transfer intensity in the area and reducing the surface temperature of the busbar trunking.

[0083] It should be noted that the various embodiments of this application can be referenced or learned from each other. For example, the same or similar steps, method embodiments, system embodiments and device embodiments can be referenced from each other without limitation.

[0084] This application embodiment also provides a hardware structure diagram of a temperature monitoring and regulation device (denoted as temperature monitoring and regulation device 20 for data center bus trunking) suitable for data center bus trunking, see [link to hardware structure diagram]. Figure 2 The temperature monitoring and regulation device 20 for data center busbars includes a processor 21, and optionally, a memory 22 connected to the processor 21.

[0085] In the first possible implementation, see Figure 2 The temperature monitoring and regulation device 20 for data center busbar trunking also includes a communication interface 23. The processor 21, memory 22, and communication interface 23 are connected via a bus. The communication interface 23 is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks. Optionally, the communication interface 23 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The device in the communication interface 23 used to implement the receiving function can be considered as a receiver, which is used to perform the receiving steps in the embodiments of this application. The device in the communication interface 23 used to implement the transmitting function can be considered as a transmitter, which is used to perform the transmitting steps in the embodiments of this application.

[0086] Based on the first possible implementation method Figure 2 The schematic diagram shown can be used to illustrate the structure of the temperature monitoring and regulation device for data center busbars involved in the above embodiments.

[0087] in, Figure 2 This can also be illustrated using a system chip in a temperature monitoring and control device for data center busbars. In this case, the actions performed by the aforementioned temperature monitoring and control device for data center busbars can be implemented by this system chip. The specific actions performed are detailed above and will not be repeated here.

[0088] In implementation, each step of the method provided in this embodiment can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor or by instructions in software form. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processor, or being executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0089] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0090] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for temperature monitoring and regulation of busbar trunking in data centers, characterized in that, include: In the event of a current step event in the busbar trunking, the load current sequence, surface temperature sequence, and ambient temperature sequence of the busbar trunking are obtained during the time period corresponding to the current step event. Thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis is performed based on the load current sequence, the surface temperature sequence, and the ambient temperature sequence to determine fault characteristic index data; The fault characteristic index data includes resistance increment index and structural loosening index; the resistance increment index is used to characterize the DC offset of the contact resistance, and the structural loosening index is used to characterize the loosening of the mechanical connection. The busbar trunking is controlled and adjusted based on the fault characteristic index data.

2. The temperature monitoring and regulation method for data center busbars according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the event of a current step event in the busbar trunking, the load current sequence, surface temperature sequence, and ambient temperature sequence of the busbar trunking during the time period corresponding to the current step event are obtained, including: Real-time monitoring of the busbar load current; When the decrease in load current at the current moment relative to load current at the previous moment exceeds a preset step threshold, the current step event is determined to have occurred. In response to determining that the current step event has occurred, the load current sequence, surface temperature sequence, and ambient temperature sequence for the time period corresponding to the current step event are obtained.

3. The temperature monitoring and regulation method for data center busbars according to claim 1, characterized in that, Thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis is performed based on the load current sequence, the surface temperature sequence, and the ambient temperature sequence to determine fault characteristic index data, including: Thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis is performed based on the load current sequence, the surface temperature sequence, and the ambient temperature sequence to calculate the temperature rise residual sequence; the temperature rise residual sequence is used to characterize the net temperature rise deviation after eliminating the effects of ambient heat dissipation and current heating. Based on the temperature rise residual sequence and the load current sequence, a load loading stage dataset and a load unloading stage dataset are constructed respectively; the load loading stage dataset is used to characterize the temperature rise residual data set in the load current loading stage, and the load unloading stage dataset is used to characterize the temperature rise residual data set in the load current unloading stage. The fault characteristic index data are determined based on the load loading phase dataset and the load unloading phase dataset.

4. The temperature monitoring and regulation method for data center busbars according to claim 3, characterized in that, Thermal hysteresis characteristic analysis is performed based on the load current sequence, the surface temperature sequence, and the ambient temperature sequence to calculate the temperature rise residual sequence, including: Based on the temperature deviation between the surface temperature sequence and the ambient temperature sequence at corresponding times, an actual temperature rise sequence is generated. The expected temperature rise sequence is determined based on the current thermal resistance reference table and the load current sequence; the current thermal resistance reference table is used to store the environmental thermal resistance data corresponding to different load current levels. The temperature rise residual sequence is determined based on the difference between the actual temperature rise sequence and the expected temperature rise sequence.

5. The temperature monitoring and regulation method for data center busbars according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before determining the expected temperature rise sequence based on the current thermal resistance reference table and the load current sequence, the method further includes: After detecting the load current step drop event, thermal resistance inversion is performed based on the decay characteristics of the surface temperature sequence to determine the measured thermal resistance of the current load current segment. The environmental thermal resistance data for the corresponding load current range in the current thermal resistance reference table are updated based on the measured thermal resistance.

6. The temperature monitoring and regulation method for data center busbars according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the temperature rise residual sequence and the load current sequence, load loading stage datasets and load unloading stage datasets are constructed respectively, including: Calculate the rate of change of current at each sampling moment in the time period corresponding to the current step event based on the load current sequence; The temperature rise residual values ​​at each time point in the temperature rise residual sequence are filtered and classified according to the rate of change of current at each sampling time, and the load loading stage dataset and the load unloading stage dataset are constructed.

7. The temperature monitoring and regulation method for data center busbars according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fault characteristic index data is determined based on the load loading phase dataset and the load unloading phase dataset, including: The loading residual component is determined based on the load loading stage dataset, and the unloading residual component is determined based on the load unloading stage dataset. The loading residual component is used to characterize the temperature rise deviation caused by abnormal contact conditions during the load current loading stage. The unloading residual component is used to characterize the temperature rise deviation caused by abnormal contact conditions during the load current unloading stage. The fault characteristic index data are determined based on the loading residual component and the unloading residual component.

8. The temperature monitoring and regulation method for busbar trunking in a data center according to claim 1, characterized in that, Controlling and adjusting the busbar trunking based on the fault characteristic index data includes: If the structural loosening index exceeds the preset loosening judgment threshold, it is determined that the busbar trunking has a mechanical loosening fault, and branch protection operation is executed; If the structural loosening index is less than or equal to the preset loosening judgment threshold and the resistance increment index is greater than the preset oxidation judgment threshold, it is determined that the busbar trunking has a contact surface oxidation fault, a planned maintenance work order is generated and a load allocation weight reduction request message is sent; the load allocation weight reduction request message is used to request to limit the load current of the busbar trunking.

9. The temperature monitoring and regulation method for busbar trunking in a data center according to claim 8, characterized in that, The execution of branch protection operation includes the following steps: The number of times the busbar trunking was consecutively identified as having a mechanical loosening fault was determined by a fault counter; If the number of times the busbar trunking is continuously determined to have a mechanical loosening fault reaches a preset number, the upstream circuit breaker of the busbar trunking will be driven to perform a physical disconnection operation, and the on-site alarm device will be activated.

10. The temperature monitoring and regulation method for busbar trunking in a data center according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the structural loosening index is less than or equal to a preset loosening judgment threshold and the resistance increment index is less than or equal to a preset oxidation judgment threshold, the temperature control system in the data center is controlled according to the surface temperature sequence.

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