A low-profile quad-polarized null reconfigurable antenna

Abstract

A low-profile quad-polarized null-reconfigurable antenna includes: dielectric substrates one and two, and dipole ring arrays printed on the upper surfaces of dielectric substrates one and two, respectively, fed via button RF connectors; dielectric substrate three, and a dual-polarized microstrip antenna printed on the upper surface of dielectric substrate three, fed via two button RF connectors; dielectric substrate four, and a quasi-monopole printed on the upper surface of dielectric substrate four, fed via a button RF connector and a power divider network; dielectric substrate five, and a microstrip line feeding network printed on the upper surface of dielectric substrate five; a metal ground plane; and four dielectric pins for connecting the dielectric substrates and the metal ground plane. The antenna of this invention can be used for arbitrary polarization synthesis, thereby covering a communication space in a half-sky region.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a low-profile quad-polarized zero-point reconfigurable antenna, belonging to the field of wireless communication technology. Background Technology

[0002] In modern radar detection and wireless communication systems, complex electromagnetic environments and dense signal interference pose severe challenges to system anti-interference during operation. Especially in scenarios involving multiple users, multiple paths, and high-density deployments, systems not only need excellent signal reception performance but also must effectively suppress interference sources from specific directions to ensure communication quality and target identification accuracy. Against this backdrop, antenna technology development has gradually shifted from traditional gain optimization to higher-level beam control and interference suppression design. Multipolar antennas, due to their advantages in signal differentiation, multipath cancellation, and resource reuse, have become one of the important means to improve system performance. Through null synthesis technology, nulls targeting the interference direction can be constructed in the antenna element radiation pattern, thereby achieving directional suppression of interference signals. This method not only significantly improves the system's anti-interference capability but also improves the spatial directivity of the beam without significantly affecting the main lobe performance.

[0003] Typical null-reconfigurable antennas and arrays only have two operating modes, can only suppress single-polarized grating lobes, and suffer large scanning gain loss when arrayed with large spacing, which greatly limits their application in multi-polarization scenarios.

[0004] The present invention discloses a low-profile four-polarization zero-reconfigurable antenna, which can excite four different polarization modes and achieve precise zero-point synthesis in any polarization direction. This effectively expands the application capabilities of traditional antennas in the polarization dimension and provides a new technical path for anti-interference and polarization multiplexing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a low-profile quad-polarized null-reconfigurable antenna to solve the problem of insufficient horizontal polarization combining capability in the horizontal region due to the lack of horizontal polarization beams in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The low-profile quad-polarized null reconfigurable antenna includes five layers of dielectric substrates and a dipole ring array antenna, a dual-polarized microstrip patch antenna, a quasi-monopole antenna, a feed network, a metal ground plane, and a button-shaped RF connector, which are respectively printed on the upper surface of each dielectric substrate layer; the whole is processed in an integrated manner using high-density interconnect (HDI) technology, and the feed network and the patch are connected by metallized vias; the lower radiator of the dipole ring is connected to the outer conductor of the RF connector through a grounded metallized via, and the upper radiator is connected to the inner conductor of the RF connector through a coaxial line that runs through all dielectric substrates. To achieve a good connection between the inner conductor and the radiating structure, the probe inside the coaxial line is in the form of a button.

[0007] The circular patch and the quasi-planar monopole are placed concentrically, with a circular hole loaded at the center of each patch. The radius of the circular hole is slightly larger than the radius of the grounding metallization through hole of the dipole ring array antenna to prevent short circuits.

[0008] When the button RF connector (14), button RF connector (15), button RF connector (16), and button RF connector (17) are excited, they correspond to four different polarizations respectively. When the button RF connector (16) is excited, it radiates a vertically polarized omnidirectional beam, which is called the V-polarization working mode. When the button RF connector (17) is excited, it radiates a horizontally polarized omnidirectional beam, which is called the H-polarization working mode. When the button RF connector (14) is excited, it radiates an X-polarized conical beam, which is called the X-polarization working mode. When the button RF connector (15) is excited, it radiates a Y-polarized conical beam, which is called the Y-polarization working mode.

[0009] The low-profile quad-polarized null-reconfigurable antenna of the present invention has the following advantages compared with existing null-reconfigurable antennas: 1. It has four different polarization modes, and can synthesize arbitrary polarization in space; 2. It can cover a hemispherical airspace, and has the potential for scanning at a larger angle in phased array applications; 3. Four polarization modes provide greater communication capacity and stronger resistance to multipath interference; 4. The structure is simpler and more stable due to the use of solderless and HDI processes. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hemispherical airspace division proposed in this invention.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the low-profile quad-polarized zero-point reconfigurable antenna of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3This is a top view of the dielectric substrate layers of the low-profile quad-polarized zero-point reconfigurable antenna of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 4 The results show the reflection coefficient test results of the low-profile quad-polarized zero-point reconfigurable antenna of this invention.

[0014] Figure 5 The port coupling coefficient test results are for the low-profile quad-polarized zero-point reconfigurable antenna of this invention.

[0015] Figure 6 The radiation pattern test results are for each port of the low-profile four-polarized zero-point reconfigurable antenna of this invention when each port is individually fed.

[0016] Figure 7 This is the radiation pattern of the low-profile four-polarization zero-point reconfigurable antenna of the present invention during polarization synthesis.

[0017] Illustrations: 1-First dielectric substrate; 2-Second dielectric substrate; 3-Third dielectric substrate; 4-Fourth dielectric substrate; 5-Fifth dielectric substrate; 6-Sixth dielectric substrate; 7-Metal ground plane; 8-Upper dipole ring array; 9-Lower dipole ring array; 10-Quasi-monopole antenna; 11-Dual-polarized microstrip patch; 12-Quasi-monopole antenna feed network; 13-Dual-polarized microstrip patch feed network; 14-X-polarized button RF connector; 15-Y-polarized button RF connector; 16-V-polarized button RF connector; 17-H-polarized button RF connector; 18-Dielectric pin. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To better illustrate the purpose and advantages of the present invention, the quad-polarized antenna capable of polarization synthesis of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] This invention provides a quad-polarized antenna capable of polarization synthesis, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it mainly includes: The five-layer dielectric substrate consists of a first dielectric substrate (1), a second dielectric substrate (2), a third dielectric substrate (3), a fourth dielectric substrate (4), a fifth dielectric substrate (5), and a sixth dielectric substrate (6), which are stacked sequentially to form a multilayer structure. The upper surface of the first dielectric substrate (1) is printed with an upper dipole ring array (8), the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate (2) is printed with a lower dipole ring array (9), the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate (3) is printed with a quasi-monopole antenna (10), the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate (4) is printed with a dual-polarized microstrip patch (11), and the upper surface of the sixth dielectric substrate (6) is printed with a quasi-monopole antenna feed network (12) and a dual-polarized microstrip patch feed network (13). Metal flooring (7) is installed at the bottom; The six-layer dielectric substrate (1)~(6) is connected to the metal ground plane (7) by four dielectric pins (18) to form an integrated structure; Four feeding methods are set up to excite different polarization modes. H polarization is fed by the button RF connector (17) set in the center, V polarization is fed by the button RF connector (16) to the quasi-monopol antenna (10), and X polarization and Y polarization are fed by the button RF connector (14) and the button RF connector (15) to different directional positions of the dual-polarized microstrip patch (11), respectively.

[0020] To avoid short circuits, both the dual-polarized microstrip patch (11) and the quasi-monopole antenna (10) have a circular hole at the center to ensure that the outer conductor of the feed connector does not come into contact with the patch structure.

[0021] When excited by the four feeding methods, the antenna generates four polarization beams of H, V, X and Y respectively, which can form a complete polarization combining capability in the half-space.

[0022] This invention adds a horizontally polarized beam to the existing three-stage antenna. This polarized beam has good omnidirectional coverage performance and significantly improves polarization freedom and spatial multiplexing capability.

[0023] Polarization mode description: H-polarization: Excited by the button connector, suitable for omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal plane; V-polarization: achieved through quasi-monopol feeding, suitable for omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal direction; X / Y polarization: The circular patches are offset and fed in the X / Y axis directions, providing good zenith area coverage; LP-XV polarization: Linear polarization synthesized from X polarization and V polarization; LP-YH polarization: linear polarization synthesized from Y polarization and H polarization; LHCP polarization: a left-handed circular polarization synthesized from LP-XV and LP-YH; RHCP polarization: a right-handed circular polarization synthesized from LP-XV and LP-YH.

[0024] Testing and performance verification: By testing the reflection coefficient and port isolation of each port, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each polarization port in this embodiment has good impedance matching characteristics, and there is also a good coupling coefficient between the polarization ports. The radiation patterns obtained when different feed ports are excited are as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the effectiveness of the four polarization methods and their zero-point synthesis capability were verified.

Claims

1. A quad-polarized antenna, characterized in that, The substrate includes a dielectric substrate (1) with a dipole ring array (8) printed on its upper surface; a dielectric substrate (2) with a dipole ring array (9) printed on its upper surface; a dielectric substrate (3) with a dual-polarized microstrip patch (10) printed on its upper surface; a dielectric substrate (4) with a quasi-monopole antenna (11) printed on its upper surface; a dielectric substrate (5) with a microstrip feed network (12) and (13) printed on its upper surface; a dielectric substrate (6); a metal ground plane (7); a button RF connector (14)~(17); and a dielectric pin (18).

2. A quad-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-polarized microstrip patch (10) and the quasi-monopole antenna (11) are placed concentrically, and a circular hole is cut out in the center of each to prevent short circuits caused by connection with the outer conductor of the button RF connector (17).

3. A quad-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The button RF connector (14), button RF connector (15), button RF connector (16) and button RF connector (17) correspond to four different polarizations respectively. The button RF connector (17) is located in the center position. Its outer conductor is connected to the dipole ring array (8) and its inner conductor is connected to the dipole ring array (9) for feeding. At this time, the antenna is an H-polarized antenna. The center of the button RF connector (16) is offset by the same distance along the X and Y directions. It feeds the quasi-monopoloid antenna (11) through the power divider feed network (12). At this time, the antenna is a V-polarized antenna. The center of the button RF connector (14) and the center of the dual-polarized microstrip patch are offset along the Y direction. The center of the button RF connector (15) and the center of the dual-polarized microstrip patch are offset along the X direction. The offset distances are equal. When the button RF connector (14) excites the circular patch (10), the antenna is a Y-polarized antenna. When the button RF connector (15) excites the circular patch (10), the antenna is an X-polarized antenna.

4. A quad-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and the metal ground plate (7) each have four through holes around their perimeters, and are interconnected by dielectric pins (18).

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