A gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional mixed culture system based on intelligent monitoring and a regulation method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of aquaculture engineering technology, and discloses a gravity-based three-dimensional polyculture system for fish, shellfish, and algae based on intelligent monitoring, and its control method. The system includes a polyculture system net, which is used to optimize ecological efficiency when fish, shellfish, and algae are polycultured. The net contains polyculture support components. In this invention, the polyculture system net enables three-dimensional, stratified polyculture of fish, shellfish, and algae, establishing a complete trophic cascade relationship. Fish uneaten feed and excrement are filtered and utilized by mid-layer shellfish, shellfish metabolites promote the growth of bottom-layer algae, and algae photosynthesis oxygenates the system and absorbs eutrophic salts, forming a closed-loop, highly efficient ecological cycle. Combined with dissolved oxygen sensors, flow meters, and multi-dimensional water quality sensors for collaborative monitoring, the culture density at each layer can be precisely controlled, increasing the system's material conversion efficiency by more than 30% and reducing feed input by 25% compared to traditional monoculture models.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture engineering technology, and in particular to a gravity-based three-dimensional polyculture system for fish, shellfish and algae based on intelligent monitoring and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Aquaculture mainly comprises three mainstream technical models: pond culture, cage culture, and raft culture. In addition, there are recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) and other industrialized aquaculture methods. Pond culture involves constructing artificial ponds on land or along the coast to centrally raise fish, shrimp, and other aquatic products, offering advantages such as lower costs and easier management. Cage culture utilizes fixed or floating cages in lakes, reservoirs, and nearshore waters to cultivate economically important fish species. It is divided into single-layer cages and deep-water cages, effectively utilizing natural water resources. Raft culture is primarily used for shellfish and algae cultivation, relying on floating rafts to suspend cultivation ropes or cages for the integrated cultivation of oysters, mussels, kelp, and other species. Recirculating aquaculture systems, as an industrialized aquaculture method, rely on water treatment facilities to achieve water recycling, improving resource utilization. In recent years, multi-trophic level integrated aquaculture technology has gradually developed, combining farmed fish, filter-feeding shellfish, and large algae for mixed cultivation, promoting the recycling of materials within the aquaculture system. Simultaneously, modern aquaculture equipment is constantly being upgraded, widely adopting new materials such as HDPE floats and wave-resistant cage frames, and is equipped with intelligent equipment such as water quality monitoring and automatic feeding systems to improve the precision and automation of aquaculture.

[0003] Currently, aquaculture mainly relies on pond culture, cage culture, and raft culture. While multi-trophic level integrated aquaculture technology is gradually being applied, existing equipment and models still have significant shortcomings: traditional monoculture models have low nutrient utilization rates, and uneaten feed and excrement easily lead to water quality deterioration; ordinary aquaculture cages lack a three-dimensional, layered layout, resulting in low space utilization; frame structures mostly use ordinary pipes, which are insufficient in terms of wind and wave resistance and corrosion resistance, leading to poor stability; environmental monitoring relies on manual sampling, making it impossible to obtain key parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia nitrogen, water temperature, and flow rate in real time, resulting in delayed regulation; shellfish and algae culture lacks a scientific layout, leading to low material cycling efficiency; and existing equipment has a low degree of modularity, making deployment, expansion, and maintenance inconvenient, and failing to meet the needs of large-scale, ecological, and intelligent aquaculture.

[0004] Furthermore, according to the announcement number CN119278890A, a gravity aquaculture cage, although it adopts a modular design, does not combine the wind and wave resistance characteristics of HDPE pipes with the ecological cycle of multi-trophic level mixed culture, and does not optimize the layout for shallow, high-turbidity sea areas; and the shellfish-algae mixed culture device with announcement number CN209546536U does not integrate an intelligent monitoring module and cannot dynamically control the ratio of algae to shellfish; and the multifunctional deep-water cage system with announcement number CN107182879B uses floating anchor chains, which have weak wind and wave resistance and are easily affected by ocean currents and displacement.

[0005] In view of the above problems, it is of great significance to develop a fish, shellfish and algae polyculture system with stable structure, three-dimensional stratification, intelligent monitoring and efficient circulation for improving the ecological and economic benefits of aquaculture. In view of this, we propose a gravity-type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional polyculture system and regulation method based on intelligent monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a gravity-type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional polyculture system and regulation method based on intelligent monitoring to solve the problems of easy deterioration of water quality, poor structural stability, lag in monitoring and regulation, and low space utilization rate in traditional aquaculture modes.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions.

[0008] A gravity-type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional polyculture system and regulation method based on intelligent monitoring, comprising: a polyculture system netting, which is used to optimize the ecological efficiency during the polyculture of fish, shellfish and algae. A polyculture setup component is arranged inside the polyculture system netting, and the polyculture setup component realizes intelligent monitoring of the water quality and biological state of the whole water layer for fish, shellfish and algae, ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the multi-trophic level ecological cycle. A gravity-type modular HDPE frame structure is arranged outside the polyculture system netting. The gravity-type modular HDPE frame structure includes horizontal HDPE pipes and vertical HDPE pipes, and HDPE reinforcement connectors are sleeved outside the joints of the horizontal HDPE pipes and the vertical HDPE pipes. The horizontal HDPE pipes and the vertical HDPE pipes are flexibly connected into a "mesh" - shaped frame through the HDPE reinforcement connectors. A hanging aquaculture structure is arranged on the upper end of the gravity-type modular HDPE frame structure, and a buoyancy platform structure is arranged on the upper end of the hanging aquaculture structure.

[0009] In one embodiment, the polyculture setup component includes a dissolved oxygen sensor, an integrated underwater camera, a pH sensor, a water temperature sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor and a flowmeter. A flowmeter is fixedly connected to the bottom of the polyculture system netting. The number of the flowmeters is four groups, and the four groups of flowmeters are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the polyculture system netting.

[0010] In one embodiment, an integrated underwater camera is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mixed-culture system net. There are eight integrated underwater cameras, arranged in two groups of four. One group of integrated underwater cameras is located at the bottom of the inner side of the mixed-culture system net, and the other group is located at the top of the inner side of the mixed-culture system net. The dissolved oxygen sensor is arranged at the top, middle, and bottom of the inner side of the mixed-culture system net. The pH sensor, water temperature sensor, and ammonia nitrogen sensor are arranged in layers along the inner side of the mixed-culture system net. The mixed-culture system assembly performs real-time online monitoring of water quality, water flow, and biological activity across the entire water layer, providing data support for intelligent regulation.

[0011] In one embodiment, the gravity-type modular HDPE frame structure further includes a spiral cable, a plate-shaped raft, a raft connector, and a connecting guide rod. There are at least six spiral cables, and one end of each spiral cable is attached to a horizontal or vertical HDPE pipe.

[0012] In one embodiment, a plate-shaped raft is fixedly connected to the top of the HDPE reinforced connector, and a raft connector is fixedly connected through the vertical HDPE pipe. Several sets of raft connectors are provided, and a connecting guide rod passes through each set of raft connectors.

[0013] In one embodiment, the aquaculture structure includes a horizontal HDPE mounting rod, a vertical HDPE mounting rod, a sheet-like raft, insertion holes, binding ropes, and oyster cages. The horizontal HDPE mounting rod and the vertical HDPE mounting rod are respectively installed above the horizontal HDPE pipe and the vertical HDPE pipe. The vertical HDPE mounting rod is tied to the top of the vertical HDPE pipe by a cable, and the horizontal HDPE mounting rod is tied to the top of the horizontal HDPE pipe by a cable.

[0014] In one embodiment, the sheet-like raft is fitted onto one end of the horizontal HDPE pipe through an insertion hole, and the binding rope is sequentially fitted onto the surfaces of the horizontal HDPE mounting rod and the vertical HDPE mounting rod, with the oyster cage fixedly connected to the binding rope.

[0015] In one embodiment, the buoyancy platform structure includes a stop plate, columnar connectors, tubular rafts, raft connectors, plate-shaped connectors, and mounting holes. The bottom of the stop plate is provided with multiple columnar connectors at equal intervals.

[0016] In one embodiment, the tubular raft is fixedly connected to the stop plate via a columnar connector. Multiple sets of the tubular rafts and raft connectors are connected in series to form a continuous buoyancy platform. The plate-shaped connector is fixedly connected to the end of the stop plate. The mounting holes at the bottom of the plate-shaped connector are used to install horizontal HDPE pipes and vertical HDPE pipes.

[0017] A regulation method for a gravity-type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional polyculture system based on intelligent monitoring, comprising the following steps: S1. System assembly and deployment: splicing horizontal HDPE pipes and vertical HDPE pipes into a "mesh" - shaped frame through HDPE reinforcement connectors, fixing a plate-shaped floating raft, fixing the plate-shaped floating raft on the top of the HDPE reinforcement connector through a floating raft connector one, and connecting multiple modular frames in series through connecting guide rods, assembling and hanging a cultivation structure and a buoyancy platform structure, and arranging various sensors and monitoring devices in the polyculture erection assembly; S2. Three-dimensional cultivation and stocking: stocking fish in the netting of the polyculture system, and oyster cages on both sides of the netting of the polyculture system can be used for oyster cultivation. Large algae can be cultivated at the bottom inside the netting of the polyculture system. The residual bait and excrement from artificial feeding of fish provide organic nutrients for algae and shellfish, forming a three-dimensional spatial layout with fish in the middle, shellfish hanging on the surrounding cage frames, and bottom sowing at the bottom layer. The residual bait and excrement of fish are filtered and transformed by the surrounding shellfish, and the metabolites of fish provide nutrients for algae. Algae release dissolved oxygen through photosynthesis and absorb eutrophic substances such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphate in the water body, completing the closed-loop material cycle of fish, shellfish and algae, and realizing water quality self-purification and ecological balance; S3. Intelligent monitoring and regulation: real-time monitoring of the water flow velocity and flow field state of the water body through a current meter, real-time collection of the dissolved oxygen content of each water layer through a dissolved oxygen sensor, real-time monitoring of the water body acidity and alkalinity through a pH sensor, real-time monitoring of the temperature of the aquaculture water body through a water temperature sensor, real-time monitoring of the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the water body through an ammonia nitrogen sensor, and simultaneously combining an integrated underwater camera to observe the growth, feeding and activity states of fish, shellfish and algae in the aquaculture area all-weather, and dynamically adjusting the aquaculture density, feeding amount and frame position; S4. System maintenance and harvesting: maintaining the stability of the frame through a shackle cable, cleaning the attachments on the netting of the polyculture system, harvesting in stages in the order of algae, shellfish and fish, and maintaining the balance of the system material cycle.

[0018] The present invention provides a gravity-type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional polyculture system and a regulation method based on intelligent monitoring. Compared with the prior art, the following beneficial effects are achieved: 1. The present invention realizes the three-dimensional stratified polyculture of fish, shellfish and algae through the netting of the polyculture system, constructs a complete trophic cascade relationship. The residual bait and excrement of fish are filtered and utilized by the middle-layer shellfish, and the metabolites of shellfish promote the growth of bottom-layer algae. The photosynthesis of algae increases the oxygen content in the system and absorbs eutrophic salts, forming a closed-loop and efficient ecological cycle. Cooperating with the dissolved oxygen sensor, current meter and multi-dimensional water quality sensors for collaborative monitoring, the aquaculture density of each layer can be accurately regulated, the material conversion efficiency of the system is increased by more than 30%, the bait input is reduced by 25% compared with the traditional single-culture mode. At the same time, relying on the synergistic effect of algae carbon fixation and shellfish filtration, the ammonia nitrogen content and turbidity of the water body are significantly reduced, realizing an eco-friendly and efficient aquaculture; 2. The present invention adopts a gravity-type HDPE frame structure and a "mesh" - shaped flexible connection design, in combination with HDPE reinforcement connectors and a shackle cable anchoring system, which greatly enhances the overall structural strength and the ability to resist wind and waves. It can operate stably in waters with a flow rate of 2 m / s. The system adopts a modular design. Through the floating raft connector 1 and the connecting guide rod, multiple modules can be quickly spliced and expanded. A single module can be flexibly combined into a large-scale aquaculture area, and the deployment efficiency is increased by 50%. During maintenance, only local disassembly is required, which greatly reduces the operation cost. At the same time, it is equipped with a buoyancy platform structure. A stable operation platform is formed through tubular floating rafts, column-shaped connectors and a landing board, further enhancing the overall buoyancy of the system and the operation safety; 3. The present invention integrates an underwater camera, a hierarchical dissolved oxygen sensor, a pH sensor, a water temperature sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor and a four-corner flow velocity meter to form a full-dimensional intelligent monitoring network, which can real-time feedback biological behavior, water quality parameters and hydrodynamic environment. The data can be used for automatic abnormal warning (such as insufficient dissolved oxygen, sudden change in flow rate), guiding the dynamic adjustment of aquaculture density, feeding amount and frame position, so that the aquaculture survival rate is increased by more than 20%. The detachable design of the oyster cage combined with camera monitoring can achieve accurate harvesting, reducing biological damage. The buoyancy platform structure realizes precise docking with the HDPE frame through plate-shaped connectors and mounting holes. The floating raft connector 2 realizes the series connection of multiple floating bodies, enhancing the integrity and operation convenience of the platform, and meeting the high-efficiency operation requirements of the whole process such as aquaculture, inspection and harvesting; 4. Innovate a three-dimensional, ecological and circular aquaculture system for fish, shellfish and algae. Based on the technical principles of three-dimensional stratification, nutritional complementarity and closed-loop circulation, a three-dimensional ecological system of symbiotic algae, shellfish, fish and benthic organisms is constructed: Algae purify water quality, release oxygen and provide bait; Filter-feeding shellfish mainly triploid oysters further purify the water body and create a good environment for fish; Fish and benthic organisms realize the multi-level utilization of nutrients such as residual bait and excrement, while inhibiting harmful attached organisms and improving the comprehensive output. Through key technologies such as intelligent water quality monitoring and precise environmental control, the project effectively solves problems such as the growth stagnation and difficult summer survival of triploid oysters, increasing their survival rate by 40% and improving their meat quality and fatness by 20%. It realizes efficient resource utilization, environmental friendliness, biodiversity and high-quality products, and promotes the transformation of traditional aquaculture to an ecological circular marine ranch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the separated bottom-up structure of the partial structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial top-down three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4This is a partial structural diagram of the mixed-use construction components and gravity-type modular HDPE frame structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the aquaculture structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the buoyancy platform structure of the present invention.

[0026] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Mixed-culture system netting; 2. Mixed-culture setup components; 21. Dissolved oxygen sensor; 22. Integrated underwater camera; 23. pH sensor; 24. Water temperature sensor; 25. Ammonia nitrogen sensor; 26. Flow meter; 3. Gravity-driven modular HDPE frame structure; 31. Horizontal HDPE pipe; 32. Vertical HDPE pipe; 33. HDPE reinforcing connectors; 34. Heart-shaped cable; 35. Plate-shaped raft; 36. Float connector one; 37. Connecting guide rod; 4. Hanging aquaculture structure; 41. Horizontal HDPE hanging rod; 42. Vertical HDPE hanging rod; 43. Sheet-shaped raft; 44. Insertion hole; 45. Binding rope; 46. Oyster cage; 5. Buoyancy platform structure; 51. Stop plate; 52. Column connector; 53. Tubular raft; 54. Float connector two; 55. Plate connector; 56. Mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0029] Reference Figures 1-7, An intelligent monitoring-based gravity-type three-dimensional polyculture system for fish, shellfish, and algae and its regulation method, including: a polyculture system netting 1, which is used to optimize the ecological efficiency during the polyculture of fish, shellfish, and algae. A polyculture setup component 2 is arranged inside the polyculture system netting 1. The polyculture setup component 2 enables intelligent monitoring of the water quality and biological status of the entire water layer for fish, shellfish, and algae, ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the multi-trophic-level ecological cycle. A gravity-type modular HDPE frame structure 3 is arranged outside the polyculture system netting 1. The gravity-type modular HDPE frame structure 3 includes horizontal HDPE pipes 31 and vertical HDPE pipes 32, and an HDPE reinforcement connector 33 is sleeved outside the connection of the horizontal HDPE pipes 31 and the vertical HDPE pipes 32. The horizontal HDPE pipes 31 and the vertical HDPE pipes 32 are flexibly connected into a "mesh" - shaped frame through the HDPE reinforcement connector 33. A hanging culture structure 4 is arranged on the upper end of the gravity-type modular HDPE frame structure 3, and a buoyancy platform structure 5 is arranged on the upper end of the hanging culture structure 4.

[0030] The polyculture setup component 2 includes a dissolved oxygen sensor 21, an integrated underwater camera 22, a pH sensor 23, a water temperature sensor 24, an ammonia nitrogen sensor 25, and a current meter 26. A current meter 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the polyculture system netting 1. The number of current meters 26 is four groups, and the four groups of current meters 26 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the polyculture system netting 1.

[0031] An integrated underwater camera 22 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the polyculture system netting 1. There are eight integrated underwater cameras 22, with four in each group for a total of two groups. One group of integrated underwater cameras 22 is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the polyculture system netting 1, and the other group of integrated underwater cameras 22 is arranged at the top of the inner side of the polyculture system netting 1. The dissolved oxygen sensor 21 is arranged at the top, middle, and bottom of the inner side of the polyculture system netting 1. The pH sensor 23, the water temperature sensor 24, and the ammonia nitrogen sensor 25 are arranged in layers along the inner side of the polyculture system netting 1. The polyculture setup component 2 conducts real-time online monitoring of the water quality, water flow, and biological activities of the entire water layer, providing data support for intelligent regulation.

[0032] The gravity-type modular HDPE frame structure 3 further includes a becket loop cable 34, a plate-shaped floating raft 35, a floating raft connector one 36, and a connecting guide rod 37. There are no less than six becket loop cables 34, and one end of each becket loop cable 34 is hung on the horizontal HDPE pipe 31 or the vertical HDPE pipe 32.

[0033] A plate-shaped floating raft 35 is fixedly connected to the top of the HDPE reinforcement connector 33. The vertical HDPE pipe 32 penetrates and is fixedly connected to a floating raft connector one 36. There are several groups of floating raft connectors one 36, and a connecting guide rod 37 penetrates through each group of floating raft connectors one 36.

[0034] The hanging culture structure 4 includes a horizontal HDPE hanging rod 41, a vertical HDPE hanging rod 42, a sheet-shaped floating raft 43, insertion holes 44, binding ropes 45 and oyster cages 46. A horizontal HDPE hanging rod 41 and a vertical HDPE hanging rod 42 are correspondingly arranged above the horizontal HDPE pipe 31 and the vertical HDPE pipe 32. The vertical HDPE hanging rod 42 is bound above the vertical HDPE pipe 32 through a cable, and the horizontal HDPE hanging rod 41 is bound above the horizontal HDPE pipe 31 through a cable.

[0035] The sheet-shaped floating raft 43 is sleeved on one end of the horizontal HDPE pipe 31 through the insertion holes 44. The binding ropes 45 are sequentially sleeved on the surfaces of the horizontal HDPE hanging rod 41 and the vertical HDPE hanging rod 42, and the oyster cages 46 are fixedly connected to the binding ropes 45.

[0036] The buoyancy platform structure 5 includes a landing board 51, cylindrical connectors 52, tubular floating rafts 53, second floating raft connectors 54, plate-shaped connectors 55 and mounting holes 56. A plurality of cylindrical connectors 52 are horizontally and equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the landing board 51.

[0037] The tubular floating rafts 53 are fixedly connected to the landing board 51 through the cylindrical connectors 52. Multiple groups of tubular floating rafts 53 and the second floating raft connectors 54 are sequentially connected in series to form a continuous buoyancy platform. The plate-shaped connectors 55 are fixedly connected to the ends of the landing board 51. The mounting holes 56 opened at the bottom of the plate-shaped connectors 55 are used to correspondingly install the horizontal HDPE pipe 31 and the vertical HDPE pipe 32.

[0038] A regulation method for a gravity-type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional polyculture system based on intelligent monitoring includes the following steps: S1. System assembly and deployment: The horizontal HDPE pipe 31 and the vertical HDPE pipe 32 are spliced into a "mesh" - shaped framework through the HDPE reinforcement connector 33. The plate-shaped floating raft 35 is fixed, and the plate-shaped floating raft 35 is fixed to the top of the HDPE reinforcement connector 33 through the first floating raft connector 36. Multiple modular frameworks are connected in series through the connecting guide rod 37. The hanging culture structure 4 and the buoyancy platform structure 5 are assembled, and each sensor and monitoring device in the polyculture erection component 2 is arranged. S2. Three-dimensional culture and stocking: Fishes are stocked in the netting 1 of the polyculture system, and oyster farming can be carried out in the oyster cages 46 on both sides of the netting 1 of the polyculture system. Large algae can be cultured at the bottom inside the netting 1 of the polyculture system. The residual bait and excrement from the artificial feeding of fishes provide organic nutrients for the algae and shellfish, forming a three-dimensional spatial layout of fishes in the middle, shellfish hanging on the cage frames around, and bottom seeding at the bottom layer. The residual bait and excrement of the fishes are filtered and transformed by the surrounding shellfish. The metabolites of the fishes provide nutrient salts for the algae. The algae release dissolved oxygen through photosynthesis and absorb eutrophic substances such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphate in the water body, completing the closed-loop material cycle of fish, shellfish and algae, and realizing water quality self-purification and ecological balance. S3. Intelligent monitoring and control: The flow velocity and flow field status of the water body are monitored in real time by the flow meter 26, the dissolved oxygen content of each water layer is collected in real time by the dissolved oxygen sensor 21, the pH value of the water body is monitored in real time by the pH sensor 23, the temperature of the aquaculture water body is monitored in real time by the water temperature sensor 24, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the water body is monitored in real time by the ammonia nitrogen sensor 25. Simultaneously, the integrated underwater camera 22 is used to observe the growth, feeding and activity status of fish, shellfish and algae in the aquaculture area around the clock, and the stocking density, feeding amount and frame position are dynamically adjusted. S4. System maintenance and harvesting: Maintain the stability of the frame by using the chicken heart ring cable 34, clean the attached materials of the mixed culture system net 1, and harvest in stages according to the order of algae, shellfish and fish to maintain the balance of material circulation in the system. Example

[0039] During the system assembly phase, the horizontal HDPE pipes 31 and vertical HDPE pipes 32 are flexibly connected using HDPE reinforcing connectors 33 to form a U-shaped gravity-type modular HDPE frame structure 3. HDPE reinforcing connectors 33 are added at the frame nodes to enhance structural strength. One end of the loop cable 34 is hung on either the horizontal HDPE pipe 31 or the vertical HDPE pipe 32 to form a gravity anchoring structure. The plate-shaped raft 35 is fixed to the upper part of the HDPE reinforcing connector 33, and then connected via the raft connector 3. 6 and connecting guide rod 37 connect multiple frame modules in series to achieve large-scale rapid splicing. Plate-shaped rafts 43 are fitted on the outside of the horizontal HDPE pipe 31 through the insertion hole 44 to complete the buoyancy balance arrangement of the system. The stop plate 51 is fixedly connected to the tubular rafts 53 through the column connector 52. Multiple sets of tubular rafts 53 are connected in series through the raft connector 54 to form a buoyancy platform structure 5. Then, the buoyancy platform structure 5 is firmly connected to the gravity modular HDPE frame structure 3 through the plate connector 55 and the mounting hole 56. The mixed culture setup component 2 is assembled inside the mixed culture system net 1. Dissolved oxygen sensor 21, pH sensor 23, water temperature sensor 24, and ammonia nitrogen sensor 25 are arranged in layers on the top, middle, and bottom of the inner side of the mixed culture system net 1. Flow meter 26 is installed at the four corners of the bottom of the mixed culture system net 1. Two sets of integrated underwater cameras 22 are installed on the top and bottom of the inner side of the mixed culture system net 1 to form a full-dimensional intelligent monitoring network. The aquaculture structure 4 is assembled on the upper part of the gravity modular HDPE frame structure 3. The horizontal HDPE hanging rod 41 is fixed above the horizontal HDPE pipe 31, and the vertical HDPE hanging rod 42 is tied to the upper part of the vertical HDPE pipe 32 by a cable. The binding rope 45 is sleeved on the surface of the horizontal HDPE hanging rod 41 and the vertical HDPE hanging rod 42. The oyster cage 46 is fixedly connected to the binding rope 45 to complete the assembly of the shellfish aquaculture unit. During the aquaculture and stocking stage, high-quality marine fish such as yellowfin seabream and mackerel are cultured in the netted water area of ​​the polyculture system, along with benthic organisms such as sea cucumbers and sea urchins. This provides shellfish with microalgae that are converted from uneaten food, excrement, and organic debris, achieving multi-level utilization of nutrients. At the same time, the fish prey on plankton in the water to remove or reduce the number of barnacles and snails in the sea area, providing sufficient nutrients for oysters and improving the overall output of the sea area. Oysters are cultured in oyster cages 46, with triploid oysters as the main species, along with filter-feeding shellfish such as oysters and scallops. These filter-feed on planktonic algae and organic particles, purifying the water, reducing the risk of eutrophication, creating a healthy aquatic environment for fish, reducing the occurrence of diseases, and forming a three-dimensional, ecological, and circular aquaculture system of fish, shellfish, and algae. Based on the principles of water spatial stratification, complementary ecological niches, and material recycling, a three-dimensional ecosystem of symbiotic coexistence among algae, shellfish, fish, and benthic organisms is constructed. Algae layer (ecological purification): Large algae use nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to grow, release oxygen, purify water quality, provide a natural food base for shellfish, and form an ecological "purifier" and "oxygenator". Shellfish layer (oyster core): mainly composed of triploid oysters, supplemented by filter-feeding shellfish such as oysters and scallops, which filter planktonic algae and organic particles, purify the water, reduce the risk of eutrophication, create a healthy aquatic environment for fish, and reduce the occurrence of diseases; Fish and Benthic Biosphere (Resource Cycling): High-quality marine fish such as yellowfin seabream and mackerel are farmed, along with benthic organisms such as sea cucumbers and sea urchins. This provides shellfish with microalgae that are converted from leftover feed, excrement, and organic debris, achieving multi-level utilization of nutrients. At the same time, the fish prey on plankton in the water to remove or reduce outbreaks of barnacles and snails in the sea area, providing sufficient nutrients for oysters and improving the overall output of the sea area. Fish are artificially fed with leftover food and excrement, which provides organic nutrients for algae and shellfish. This creates a three-dimensional spatial layout with fish in the middle, shellfish hanging on cages around the perimeter, and bottom seeding at the bottom. Fish leftover food and excrement are filtered and transformed by the surrounding shellfish, and fish metabolites provide nutrients for algae. Algae release dissolved oxygen and absorb nutrients such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphate from the water through photosynthesis, completing a closed-loop material cycle of fish, shellfish and algae, and achieving water self-purification and ecological balance. During the intelligent control phase, the flow velocity of the water body is monitored in real time by the flow meter 26. When the flow velocity exceeds 2m / s, the frame position is adjusted to optimize the flow field. The dissolved oxygen sensor 21, pH sensor 23, water temperature sensor 24, and ammonia nitrogen sensor 25 collect water quality parameters of each water layer in real time. The integrated underwater camera 22 monitors the feeding and growth status of organisms around the clock. Based on the monitoring data, the breeding density, feeding amount, and frame layout position are dynamically adjusted to control the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the breeding water below 0.5mg / L and maintain the pH value between 7.8 and 8.5. During the system maintenance and harvesting phases, the frame posture is adjusted and kept stable by using the heart-shaped cable 34. The organisms attached to the net 1 of the mixed culture system are cleaned every month. During harvesting, algae, shellfish and fish are harvested in stages. When harvesting oysters in oyster cages 46, the connection between the binding rope 45 and the vertical HDPE hanging rod 42 is released. The oyster cages 46 are then lifted to the stop plate 51 and transferred to the dock for operation. The system material cycle and energy flow balance are maintained continuously to achieve efficient and stable ecological intelligent mixed culture. Key technological breakthroughs: Through intelligent water quality monitoring, precise environmental control, and dynamic nutrient matching, problems such as growth stagnation and difficulty in summering of triploid oysters are solved, resulting in a 40% increase in survival rate and a 20% increase in meat quality and plumpness compared to conventional seedlings.

[0040] During use, the system uses the mixed-culture system net 1 as the core aquaculture carrier. The outer side is supported and stabilized by the gravity modular HDPE frame structure 3. The horizontal HDPE pipe 31 and the vertical HDPE pipe 32 are flexibly connected by HDPE reinforced connectors 33 to form a U-shaped frame. The chicken heart ring cable 34 is used to achieve gravity anchoring, which improves the ability to resist wind and waves and water flow impact. The plate-shaped raft 35, raft connector 36 and connecting guide rod 37 realize the modular splicing of the frame and buoyancy balance, ensuring that the system is stably suspended in the water. The buoyancy platform structure 5 connects the stop plate 51 to the tubular floating raft 53 through the column connector 52. Multiple sets of tubular floating rafts 53 are connected in series through the floating raft connector 54 to form a continuous buoyancy support. The plate connector 55 and the mounting hole 56 realize the precise docking and fixation of the buoyancy platform with the horizontal HDPE pipe 31 and the vertical HDPE pipe 32, providing a stable working platform for breeding, inspection and harvesting. Dissolved oxygen sensor 21, pH sensor 23, water temperature sensor 24, and ammonia nitrogen sensor 25 are layered and deployed along the top, middle, and bottom of the inner side of the mixed culture net 1 to collect water quality parameters of each water layer in real time. Four sets of flow meters 26 are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the net to monitor the water flow velocity and flow field status in real time. Eight integrated underwater cameras 22 are distributed at the top and bottom of the inner side of the net to monitor the feeding, growth, and activity status of organisms around the clock. After the monitoring data is fed back in real time, the system dynamically adjusts the stocking density, feeding amount, and frame layout position based on parameters such as dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, flow velocity, and organism status to maintain water quality indicators within a suitable range and ensure the stable growth of fish, shellfish, and algae. The suspended aquaculture structure 4 uses horizontal HDPE hanging rods 41, vertical HDPE hanging rods 42, and binding ropes 45 to fix the oyster cages 46, realizing large-scale suspended aquaculture of oysters. The sheet-like floating rafts 43 are fitted onto the outside of the HDPE pipe through the insertion holes 44 to help balance the buoyancy. During system operation, the frame posture is maintained by the chicken heart ring cable 34, the organisms attached to the net 1 of the mixed culture system are cleaned regularly, and the algae, shellfish and fish are harvested in stages in the order of harvesting. The system continuously maintains the balance of material cycle and energy flow, and realizes long-term stable, efficient and intelligent ecological mixed culture.

[0041] Therefore, although the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments thereof, freedom of modification, various changes and substitutions are also within the scope of the foregoing disclosure, and it should be understood that in some cases, certain features of the invention may be adopted without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention and without corresponding use of other features. Thus, many modifications can be made to adapt a particular environment or material to the essential scope and spirit of the invention. The invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terminology used in the following claims and / or the specific embodiments disclosed as the best mode for carrying out the invention, but the invention will include any and all embodiments and equivalents falling within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the invention will be defined only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional integrated culture system based on intelligent monitoring, characterized in that, Comprising: The polyculture system netting (1) is used to optimize the ecological efficiency during the polyculture of fish, shellfish, and algae. A polyculture erection component (2) is arranged inside the polyculture system netting (1). The polyculture erection component (2) enables intelligent monitoring of the water quality and biological status of the entire water layer for fish, shellfish, and algae, ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the multi-trophic level ecological cycle. A gravity modular HDPE frame structure (3) is arranged outside the polyculture system netting (1). The gravity modular HDPE frame structure (3) includes a horizontal HDPE pipe (31) and a vertical HDPE pipe (32). An HDPE reinforcement connector (33) is sleeved outside the connection of the horizontal HDPE pipe (31) and the vertical HDPE pipe (32). The horizontal HDPE pipe (31) and the vertical HDPE pipe (32) are flexibly connected into a "mesh" - shaped frame through the HDPE reinforcement connector (33). A hanging culture structure (4) is arranged on the upper end of the gravity modular HDPE frame structure (3), and a buoyancy platform structure (5) is arranged on the upper end of the hanging culture structure (4).

2. The gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional integrated aquaculture system based on intelligent monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyculture erection component (2) includes a dissolved oxygen sensor (21), an integrated underwater camera (22), a pH sensor (23), a water temperature sensor (24), an ammonia nitrogen sensor (25), and a current meter (26). A current meter (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the polyculture system netting (1). The number of current meters (26) is four groups, and the four groups of current meters (26) are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the polyculture system netting (1).

3. The gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional integrated aquaculture system based on intelligent monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, An integrated underwater camera (22) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the polyculture system netting (1). There are eight integrated underwater cameras (22), with four in each of two groups. One group of integrated underwater cameras (22) is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the polyculture system netting (1), and the other group of integrated underwater cameras (22) is arranged at the top of the inner side of the polyculture system netting (1). The dissolved oxygen sensor (21) is arranged at the top, middle, and bottom of the inner side of the polyculture system netting (1). The pH sensor (23), the water temperature sensor (24), and the ammonia nitrogen sensor (25) are arranged in layers along the inner side of the polyculture system netting (1). The polyculture erection component (2) conducts real - time online monitoring of the water quality, water flow, and biological activities of the entire water layer, providing data support for intelligent regulation.

4. The gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional integrated aquaculture system based on intelligent monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gravity modular HDPE frame structure (3) further includes a heart - shaped ring cable (34), a plate - shaped floating raft (35), a floating raft connector one (36), and a connecting guide rod (37). There are no less than six heart - shaped ring cables (34), and one end of each heart - shaped ring cable (34) is hung on the horizontal HDPE pipe (31) or the vertical HDPE pipe (32).

5. The gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional integrated aquaculture system based on intelligent monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the HDPE reinforcement connector (33) is fixedly connected with a plate-shaped floating raft (35). The vertical HDPE pipe (32) penetrates through and is fixedly connected with a first floating raft connector (36). There are several groups of the first floating raft connectors (36), and a connecting guide rod (37) penetrates through each group of the first floating raft connectors (36).

6. The gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional integrated aquaculture system based on intelligent monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hanging and breeding structure (4) includes a horizontal HDPE hanging rod (41), a vertical HDPE hanging rod (42), a sheet-shaped floating raft (43), insertion holes (44), binding ropes (45) and oyster cages (46). Above the horizontal HDPE pipe (31) and the vertical HDPE pipe (32), a horizontal HDPE hanging rod (41) and a vertical HDPE hanging rod (42) are correspondingly arranged. The vertical HDPE hanging rod (42) is bound above the vertical HDPE pipe (32) by a cable, and the horizontal HDPE hanging rod (41) is bound above the horizontal HDPE pipe (31) by a cable.

7. The gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional integrated aquaculture system based on intelligent monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sheet-shaped floating raft (43) is sleeved on one end of the horizontal HDPE pipe (31) through the insertion holes (44). The binding ropes (45) are sequentially sleeved on the surfaces of the horizontal HDPE hanging rod (41) and the vertical HDPE hanging rod (42). The oyster cages (46) are fixedly connected with the binding ropes (45).

8. The gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional integrated aquaculture system based on intelligent monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyancy platform structure (5) includes a landing board (51), cylindrical connectors (52), tubular floating rafts (53), second floating raft connectors (54), plate-shaped connectors (55) and mounting holes (56). At the bottom of the landing board (51), a plurality of cylindrical connectors (52) are horizontally arranged at equal intervals.

9. The gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional integrated aquaculture system based on intelligent monitoring according to claim 8, characterized in that, The tubular floating rafts (53) are fixedly connected with the landing board (51) through the cylindrical connectors (52). Multiple groups of the tubular floating rafts (53) and the second floating raft connectors (54) are sequentially connected in series to form a continuous buoyancy platform. The plate-shaped connector (55) is fixedly connected with the end of the landing board (51). The mounting holes (56) opened at the bottom of the plate-shaped connector (55) are used to correspondingly install the horizontal HDPE pipe (31) and the vertical HDPE pipe (32).

10. A method for regulating a gravity type fish, shellfish and algae three-dimensional integrated multi-trophic aquaculture system based on intelligent monitoring, applied to the modular gravity type fish, shellfish and algae multi-trophic aquaculture system of any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. System assembly and deployment: The horizontal HDPE pipe (31) and the vertical HDPE pipe (32) are spliced into a "mesh" - shaped frame through the HDPE reinforcement connector (33). The plate-shaped floating raft (35) is fixed. The plate-shaped floating raft (35) is fixed on the top of the HDPE reinforcement connector (33) through the first floating raft connector (36), and multiple modular frames are connected in series through the connecting guide rod (31). The hanging and breeding structure (4) and the buoyancy platform structure (5) are assembled, and each sensor and monitoring device in the polyculture erection component (2) is arranged. S2. Three-dimensional aquaculture: Fish are placed in the net (1) of the mixed culture system, while oysters can be cultured in the oyster cages (46) on both sides of the net (1). Large algae can be cultured at the bottom of the net (1). The fish are artificially fed with residual feed and excrement to provide organic nutrients for algae and shellfish, forming a three-dimensional spatial layout with fish in the middle, shellfish hanging in cages around the perimeter, and bottom seeding at the bottom. The fish's residual feed and excrement are filtered and transformed by the shellfish around the perimeter, and the fish's metabolites provide nutrients for algae. The algae release dissolved oxygen through photosynthesis and absorb nutrient-rich substances such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphate in the water, completing the closed-loop material cycle of fish, shellfish and algae, and achieving water self-purification and ecological balance. S3. Intelligent monitoring and control: The flow velocity and flow field status of the water body are monitored in real time by the flow meter (26), the dissolved oxygen content of each water layer is collected in real time by the dissolved oxygen sensor (21), the pH value of the water body is monitored in real time by the pH sensor (23), the temperature of the aquaculture water body is monitored in real time by the water temperature sensor (24), and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the water body is monitored in real time by the ammonia nitrogen sensor (25). Simultaneously, the integrated underwater camera (22) is used to observe the growth, feeding and activity status of fish, shellfish and algae in the aquaculture area around the clock, and the aquaculture density, feeding amount and frame position are dynamically adjusted. S4. System maintenance and harvesting: Maintain the stability of the frame by using the chicken heart ring cable (34), clean the attached materials of the mixed culture system net (1), and harvest in stages according to the order of algae, shellfish and fish to maintain the balance of material circulation in the system.

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