Apparatus and method for manipulating motion of a group of particles by a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field

Abstract

A device and method for manipulating particle swarm motion using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field are disclosed. The device includes: a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a particle swarm, an application scenario auxiliary device, a signal generator, a power amplifier, and wires. The three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, signal generator, and power amplifier are connected by wires to form a conductive closed audio circuit, generating a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with controllable frequency and sound pressure within the device. The particle swarm is initially placed within the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator. This invention solves the problems of limited manipulation methods, low efficiency, single application, and lack of flexible and universal non-contact swarm manipulation platforms in traditional particulate matter processing technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of energy conservation and environmental protection, particle manipulation, and electroacoustic conversion technology, specifically to a device and method for manipulating the motion of a particle swarm using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field. Background Technology

[0002] Particulate matter has a wide range of applications in energy conservation, environmental protection, industrial production, ecological living, and healthcare. Understanding how to manipulate particle behavior for specific functions is crucial for the more effective, efficient, and flexible use of particulate matter. For example, in the co-firing of pulverized coal in coal-fired power plant boilers, lower-cost and more thorough mixing of high-volatile coal and anthracite pulverized coal is significantly valuable for achieving efficient combustion and low emissions. In flue gas purification, enhanced control of particle movement can separate and remove dust from the exhaust gas. For porous particles that adsorb and capture components such as CO2, mercury, heavy metals, H2, CH4, NOx, and SO2, improving the mixing effect between porous particles and exhaust gas enhances the diffusion process of components agglomerating into the porous particles, thereby improving the adsorption, separation, and capture efficiency of the target components. In particle measurement, external field control of particle movement generates specific macroscopic phenomena, which can then be used to calculate particle size and other characteristic parameters. In the field of non-contact particle fluidized mixing, within a closed system, the mixing and reaction effects between particles and gas, and between particles themselves, are enhanced by non-contact external field driving, which helps to develop physical or chemical reaction vessels that improve the contact reaction rate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for manipulating the motion of particle groups in a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, so as to solve the problems of limited manipulation methods, low efficiency, single application and lack of flexible and universal non-contact group manipulation platform in traditional particulate matter processing technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A device for manipulating the motion of a particle swarm using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field includes a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a particle swarm, an application scenario auxiliary device, a signal generator, a power amplifier, and wires; wherein, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, the signal generator, and the power amplifier are connected by wires to form a conductive closed audio circuit, generating a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with controllable frequency and sound pressure inside the device; the particle swarm is initially placed in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator.

[0006] To optimize the above technical solution, the specific limitations also include: The three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device includes a hollow cuboid waveguide with a single opening, a perforated plate, a cavity plate, and a loudspeaker; the perforated plate is provided with a number of through holes, and the cavity plate is provided with cavities with the same number of through holes, the cross-sectional area of ​​the through holes is smaller than that of the cavities, and the number of cavities is not less than 1. The perforated plate, cavity plate, and diaphragm of a loudspeaker with the same number of through holes are stacked one after another to form a semi-enclosed physical structure that is connected to the outside world only by through holes, which is equivalent to an array of Helmholtz sound sources of Helmholtz resonators; the total number of array Helmholtz sound sources is equal to the number of through holes on a single perforated plate; at least one cavity plate is stacked one after another so that the cavities on it together form a large cavity; In the array of Helmholtz sound sources, a single Helmholtz sound source is formed by sequentially connecting a through hole, a large cavity, and a speaker diaphragm; except for being connected by the through hole, the internal air medium of each Helmholtz sound source in the array is not connected to the internal air medium of other Helmholtz sound sources.

[0007] Preferably, the particle group includes polyethylene foam particles, or coal fly ash particles, or porous carbon particles, or non-carbon-based porous particles; the particle group undergoes collective suspension, circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration, particle film layer stripes, sedimentation, or / and porous cavity trapping particle movement under the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field driving of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device.

[0008] Preferably, the permissible frequency range of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in which the particle group undergoes collective suspension, circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration, particle film layer stripes and / or sedimentation is 180Hz~220Hz; the permissible frequency range of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in which the particle group captures the collective movement of particles in a porous cavity that fills a large pore cavity is 250Hz~350Hz. The sound field gradient direction of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in which the particle group is pushed and undergoes collective suspension, circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration, particle film layer stripes and / or sedimentation is an inward sound field gradient pointing from the outside to the inside of the large pore cavity; the sound field gradient direction of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in which the particle group is pushed and undergoes collective movement of particles trapped in the porous cavity into the large pore cavity is an outward sound field gradient pointing from the inside of the large pore cavity to the outside. The maximum sound pressure amplitude of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator ranges from 600 Pa to 2000 Pa.

[0009] Preferably, the application scenario auxiliary device includes a particle behavior demonstration auxiliary device, or a particle size testing auxiliary device, or an adsorption separation and collection auxiliary device for adsorption separation and collection of the particle group in an atmosphere such as flue gas containing CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4, or a particle fluidization auxiliary device, or a particle cavity collection auxiliary device, or a particle physical mixing auxiliary device. The particle behavior demonstration auxiliary device includes a platform for placing a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a support for supporting the platform, a transparent outer shell for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, the platform, and the support, and sound-absorbing cotton for absorbing sound waves inside the transparent outer shell; wherein, the sound-absorbing cotton is installed on the inner side of the transparent outer shell; the signal generator and power amplifier in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator are placed outside the transparent outer shell and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker through wires passing through the transparent outer shell; the particle group is located in a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field within a waveguide; the particle group is suspended, fluidized, and dispersed into the gas medium within the waveguide by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, or fluidized and aggregated into a large cavity by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field; The particle size testing auxiliary device includes a platform for placing a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a support for supporting the platform, a transparent shell for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, the platform, and the support, sound-absorbing cotton for absorbing sound waves inside the transparent shell, and a camera for capturing images of the particle thin film layer stripes within the waveguide from the front and calculating the stripe spacing. The sound-absorbing cotton is installed on the inner side of the transparent shell. The signal generator and power amplifier in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator are placed outside the transparent shell and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a speaker via wires passing through the transparent shell. The camera is placed inside or outside the transparent shell. The adsorption separation and capture auxiliary device includes a platform for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a support for supporting the platform, a closed shell for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, the platform, and the support, sound-absorbing cotton for absorbing sound waves released into the closed shell by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, an input conduit for inputting an atmosphere such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metal / H2 / CH4 flue gas into the lower half of the waveguide, and an output conduit for outputting clean gas from the upper half of the waveguide after being treated by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field fluidized porous carbon particles through adsorption separation and capture of CO2 / mercury / heavy metal / H2 / CH4; wherein, the sound-absorbing cotton is installed on the inner side of the closed shell; the signal generator and power amplifier in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator are placed outside the closed shell and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker through wires passing through the closed shell. The particle fluidization auxiliary device includes a platform for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a support for supporting the platform, a closed shell for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, the platform, and the support, sound-absorbing cotton for absorbing sound waves released into the closed shell by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a particle conduit for inputting particles into the lower half of the waveguide, a gas delivery conduit for inputting gas into the lower half of the waveguide, and a particle fluidization conduit for outputting a gas-solid two-phase mixture from the upper half of the waveguide; wherein, the sound-absorbing cotton is installed on the inner side of the closed shell; the signal generator and power amplifier in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator are placed outside the closed shell and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker through wires passing through the closed shell; The particle cavity trapping auxiliary device includes a platform for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a support for supporting the platform, a closed shell for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, the platform, and the support, sound-absorbing cotton for absorbing sound waves released into the closed shell by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a dust gas duct for inputting gas-solid two-phase particles such as flue gas after coal combustion into the lower half of the waveguide, and a clean gas duct for outputting clean gas from the upper half of the waveguide; wherein, the sound-absorbing cotton is installed on the inner side of the closed shell; the signal generator and power amplifier in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator are placed outside the closed shell and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker through wires passing through the closed shell; The particle physical mixing auxiliary device includes a platform for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a support for supporting the platform, a closed shell for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, the platform, and the support, sound-absorbing cotton for absorbing sound waves released into the closed shell by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a first particle conduit for inputting the first type of particle into the lower half of the waveguide, a second particle conduit for inputting the second type of particle into the lower half of the waveguide, an original delivery gas conduit for carrying the mixed particles after mixing the first and second types of particles in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, and a mixed particle output conduit for transporting the mixed particles; wherein, the sound-absorbing cotton is installed on the inner side of the closed shell; the signal generator and power amplifier in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator are placed outside the closed shell and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker through wires passing through the closed shell.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for manipulating particle swarm motion in a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, comprising the following steps: S1: A conductive closed audio circuit is formed by connecting a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a signal generator, and a power amplifier through wires; and an initial three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with controllable frequency and sound pressure is generated inside the device; S2: By adjusting the frequency of the initial three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with inward and outward sound field gradients is generated in the air medium inside the waveguide and array Helmholtz sound source. Among them, the inward sound field gradient of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field drives the particle group to undergo collective suspension, upper / lower circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration / dispersion, particle thin film layer stripes and / or sedimentation in the gas medium inside the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator. Among them, the outward sound field gradient of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field drives the particle group to undergo a collective upward / downward cyclical motion in the gas medium inside the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, tending towards the through hole, and finally filling and capturing the large cavity of the array Helmhotlz sound source. S3: Apply S1 and S2 to particle behavior demonstration scenarios, particle size testing scenarios, porous particle adsorption separation and capture of atmospheres such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 in flue gas scenarios, particle fluidization scenarios, particle cavity capture scenarios, and particle physical mixing scenarios.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving force for particle motion regulation by the inward and outward sound field gradients of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field includes sound radiation force and secondary radiation force.

[0012] Furthermore, in the case where a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field is used to represent an equivalent one-dimensional non-uniform sound field, the sound radiation force... F rad The expression is:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, y Indicates location; P Indicates the maximum sound pressure amplitude; Φ( ρ, β () indicates the contributing factor; d p , ρ p and β p These represent the equivalent diameter, density, and compressibility coefficient of the particles, respectively. ρ a and β a =1 / ρ a c 2 a These represent the density and compressibility coefficient of air, respectively. k = ω / c 0 represents the wave number, where ω= 2π f 0, f 0 represents the frequency of the sound wave. c 0 represents the speed of sound; When a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field is used to represent an equivalent one-dimensional non-uniform sound field, the secondary radiation force Fs is expressed as follows:

[0015] In the formula, v This represents the vibrational velocity of a fluid particle; D Indicates diameter d p1 , d p2 The distance between the centers of two arbitrary particles; for two equivalent diameters approximately d p Similar particles exist d p1 2 d p2 2 ≈ d p 6 ; θ This represents the angle between the line connecting the centers of the particles and the direction of the sound field gradient and the direction of sound field propagation; when F S When the force is greater than 0, the interaction between the two particles is a repulsive force; when... F S When <0, the interaction between the two particles is an attractive force; at the antinode of the standing wave packet... v ( y )≈0 and p ( y Under conditions where the value is large, by F S The attraction deviation between any two particles determined by <0 leads to a time-varying clustering and fragmentation interlocking reconstruction effect among a large number of particles in the isobaric region.

[0016] Furthermore, the manipulation process in the particle behavior demonstration scenario includes: the particle group being suspended, fluidized, and dispersed into the gas medium within the waveguide by a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the frequency range of 180Hz to 220Hz; and the particle group being fluidized and aggregated into the large cavity by a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the frequency range of 250Hz to 350Hz. The manipulation process in the particle size testing scenario includes: by adjusting the frequency within the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, particle thin film stripes appear in the particle group circulated and fluidized in the three-dimensional non-uniform acoustic field within the waveguide; and the distance between two adjacent particle thin film layers is photographed and measured using a camera. Des Calculate the particle size. d p The expression is:

[0017] In the formula, λ represents the wavelength of the non-uniform sound field; The process of controlling the porous particle adsorption and separation of the atmosphere, such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 in flue gas, includes: delivering the original atmosphere to be treated into the waveguide through an input conduit; by adjusting the frequency in the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, the porous particle group suspended in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field of the waveguide adsorbs, separates, and captures the atmosphere, such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 in flue gas; and the treated clean atmosphere is discharged through the conduit. The control process in the particle fluidization scenario includes: inputting raw particles into the lower half of the waveguide using a particle conduit and inputting raw gas into the lower half of the waveguide using a gas delivery conduit; by adjusting the frequency in the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the waveguide causes the raw particles to generate a circulating fluidization suspension effect in the raw gas; and outputting a uniformly mixed gas-solid two-phase mixture from the upper half of the waveguide using a particle fluidization conduit. The control process in the particle cavity trapping scenario includes: inputting gas-solid two-phase particles, such as flue gas after coal combustion, into the lower half of the waveguide using a dust gas duct; adjusting the frequency within the range of 250Hz to 350Hz to create a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field within the waveguide, causing the gas-solid two-phase particles, such as particles in the flue gas after coal combustion, to undergo a collective upward / downward cyclical motion in the gas medium, tending towards the through-holes, and ultimately filling and trapping them into the large cavity of the array Helmhotlz sound source; and outputting clean gas from the upper half of the waveguide using a clean gas duct. The manipulation process in the particle physical mixing scenario includes: inputting a first type of particle into the lower half of the waveguide using a first particle conduit, inputting a second type of particle into the lower half of the waveguide using a second particle conduit, and supplying carrying gas into the lower half of the waveguide using the original delivery gas conduit; by adjusting the frequency in the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the waveguide causes the two types of particles to produce a circulating fluidized suspension mixing effect in the original delivery gas; and supplying the mixed particles from the upper part of the waveguide using a mixed particle output conduit.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention provides a device and method for manipulating the movement of a particle swarm using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field. The device consists of a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator, a signal generator, and a power amplifier connected by wires to form a closed conductive audio circuit. Inside the device, a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with controllable frequency and sound pressure is generated. This field can simultaneously drive a large number of particles to exhibit behaviors such as mass suspension, cyclic fluidization, aggregation / dispersion, and the formation of periodic stripes, thus achieving three-dimensional, non-contact, and programmable mass manipulation of the particle swarm.

[0019] Furthermore, this invention calculates the particle size of suspended particles by using particle testing of gas-solid two-phase materials and the easily measurable striated particle film stripes that appear during the fluidization of suspended particles in a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with an inward acoustic field gradient. It also separates low-concentration components in the atmosphere, such as CO2 (carbon dioxide), mercury, heavy metal particles, H2 (hydrogen molecules), CH4 (methane molecules), NOx (nitrogen oxide molecules), or SO2 (sulfur dioxide molecules) from flue gas. The non-uniform sound field within the closed reactor induces intense cyclic mixing of the gas and the porous carbon adsorbent, enhancing the pore size of the porous carbon for handling low-concentration components such as carbon in the mixed gas. The adsorption, capture, and separation of O2 are sufficiently achieved; through particle fluidization, a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field can suspend and fluidize the original accumulated particle group on the wall surface in a closed space, and this control feature can be used to realize the fabrication of a fanless particle fluidization device reactor; through the separation of suspended particulate matter, the suspended particles are fluidized by circulating a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with an outward sound field gradient, and the particulate matter in the exhaust gas is filled and captured into a large pore cavity to achieve the removal of particulate matter in the exhaust gas; through the physical mixing of various particles, a particle physical mixing technology and process control application technology using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field to circulate and fluidize suspended particles are provided. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the generation process of a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator fabricated when the number of cavity plates is 4.

[0022] Figure 3 This diagram shows a porous plate that forms the Helmholtz resonator in an array of Helmholtz sound sources.

[0023] Figure 4 This diagram shows the cavity plate that forms the Helmholtz resonator in the array Helmholtz sound source.

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the assembly of a single cavity plate, which constitutes the physical structure of the Helmholtz resonator, with a loudspeaker.

[0025] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the manipulation process of the particle swarm being suspended and fluidized within the waveguide by the inward acoustic field gradient.

[0026] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the cyclic motion trajectory of a particle group during suspension fluidization.

[0027] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the trapping process in which an outward acoustic field gradient drives a group of particles to move and aggregate within a large pore.

[0028] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the cyclic motion trajectory of a particle swarm within the waveguide before it fully aggregates into the large aperture.

[0029] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the process of demonstrating particle behavior in an application scenario of a particle behavior demonstration aid device.

[0030] Figure 11 This diagram illustrates the particle size testing process in an application scenario of a particle size testing auxiliary device.

[0031] Figure 12 This diagram illustrates the stripes of a thin film layer on experimental particles in an application scenario of a particle size testing auxiliary device.

[0032] Figure 13 This diagram illustrates the adsorption, separation, and capture process of CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 in flue gas under an adsorption separation and capture auxiliary device application scenario.

[0033] Figure 14 This diagram illustrates the particle fluidization process in an application scenario of a particle fluidization auxiliary device.

[0034] Figure 15 This diagram illustrates the particle cavity trapping process in an application scenario of a particle cavity trapping auxiliary device.

[0035] Figure 16 This diagram illustrates the particle physical mixing process in an application scenario of a particle physical mixing auxiliary device.

[0036] Figure 17 This describes the structure, dimensions, and assembly example of a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator.

[0037] Figure 18 This represents an example of the dimensions of a perforated plate that constitutes a Helmholtz resonator.

[0038] Figure 19 This represents an example of the cavity plate size that constitutes a Helmholtz resonator.

[0039] Figure 20This illustrates an example of the assembly dimensions of a single cavity plate constituting a Helmholtz resonator with a loudspeaker.

[0040] In the diagram: 1-Three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator; 11-Waveguide; 111-Inward sound field gradient; 112-Outward sound field gradient; 113-Waveguide wall; 12-Porous plate; 121-Through hole; 13-Cavity plate; 131-Cavity; 1311-Large cavity; 14-Speaker; 141-Diaphragm; 15-Array Helmholtz sound source; 2-Particle group; 21-Porous carbon particles; 22-Particle thin film layer stripes; 23-Particle group descent trajectory in circulating fluidization; 231-Particle group ascent trajectory in cavity trapping; 24-Particle group ascent trajectory in circulating fluidization; 241-Particle group descent trajectory in cavity trapping; 3-Application scenario auxiliary device; 31-Particle behavior demonstration auxiliary device; 311 - Tabletop; 312- Support; 313- Transparent shell; 3131- Enclosed shell; 314- Sound-absorbing cotton; 32- Particle size testing auxiliary device; 321- Camera; 33- Adsorption separation and collection auxiliary device; 331- Input conduit; 332- Output conduit; 34- Particle fluidization auxiliary device; 341- Particle conduit; 342- Gas delivery conduit; 343- Particle fluidization conduit; 35- Particle cavity collection auxiliary device; 351- Dust gas conduit; 352- Clean gas conduit; 36- Particle physical mixing auxiliary device; 361- Particle conduit No. 1; 362- Particle conduit No. 2; 363- Original delivery gas conduit; 364- Mixed particle output conduit; 4- Signal generator; 5- Power amplifier; 6- Wire. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the above content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0042] In one embodiment, this invention proposes a device for manipulating the motion of a particle swarm using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, comprising: a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device 1, a particle swarm 2, an application scenario auxiliary device 3, a signal generator 4, a power amplifier 5, and wires 6. The three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device 1, the signal generator 4, and the power amplifier 5 are connected by wires 6 to form a conductive closed audio circuit, generating a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with controllable frequency and sound pressure within the device. When the device is not in operation, the particle swarm 2 is initially stationary at the bottom of the waveguide wall 113 in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device 1, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device 1 includes a hollow cuboid waveguide 11 with a single opening, a porous plate 12 with through holes 121 whose cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the cavity 131, a cavity plate 13 with the same number of cavities 131 as the through holes 121, and a loudspeaker 14 with an AC electromagnetically driven diaphragm 141 for sound generation. The number of cavity plates 13 is N, and N≥1. The structure of the porous plate 12 is as follows... Figure 3 As shown; a single cavity plate 13 as Figure 4 As shown.

[0044] In this configuration, a perforated plate 12, N cavity plates 13, and a diaphragm 141 of a loudspeaker 14 with the same number of through holes 121 are stacked sequentially to form a semi-enclosed physical structure connected to the outside world only by the through holes 121, equivalent to an array of Helmholtz sound sources 15 of a Helmholtz resonator. The total number of arrayed Helmholtz sound sources 15 is equal to the number of through holes 121 on a single perforated plate 12 and also equal to the number of cavities 131 on a single cavity plate 13. N identical cavity plates 13 are stacked adjacently to form independent large cavities 1311 with the same number of through holes 121. The assembly method of the cavity plates 13 and the loudspeakers 14 is as follows... Figure 5 As shown.

[0045] In the array of Helmholtz sound sources 15, a single Helmholtz sound source is formed by a through hole 121, a large cavity 1311 and a diaphragm 141 of a loudspeaker 14 connected in sequence; except for being connected by the through hole 121, the internal air medium of each Helmholtz sound source in the array of Helmholtz sound sources 15 is not connected to the internal air medium of other Helmholtz sound sources.

[0046] The particle group 2 includes polyethylene foam particles, or coal fly ash particles, or porous carbon particles 21, or non-carbon-based porous particles. Under the drive of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device 1, the particle group 2 undergoes collective suspension, circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration, particle film layer stripes 22, sedimentation, and / or particle capture movement in the porous cavity filling the large pore cavity 1311.

[0047] The optimal frequency for the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field of particle group 2, which involves collective suspension, circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration, particle film layer stripes 22, and / or sedimentation, is 220 Hz, and the permissible frequency range is 180 Hz to 220 Hz. The optimal frequency for the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field of particle group 2, which involves the capture of collective particle movement in the porous cavity filled with large pore cavity 1311, is 250 Hz, and the permissible frequency range is 250 Hz to 350 Hz.

[0048] Among them, the sound field gradient direction of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in which the particle group 2 is pushed and undergoes collective suspension, circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration, particle film layer stripes 22 and / or sedimentation behavior is an inward sound field gradient 111 pointing from the outside to the inside of the large pore cavity; the sound field gradient direction of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in which the particle group 2 is pushed and undergoes the porous cavity capturing the collective movement of particles into the large pore cavity 1311 is an outward sound field gradient 112 pointing from the inside of the large pore cavity to the outside.

[0049] Figure 6 This indicates that the inward acoustic field gradient 111 drives the particle group 2 to suspend and fluidize within the waveguide 11; Figure 7 This represents the cyclic motion trajectory of particle group 2 during the suspension fluidization process, including the upward motion trajectory 24 and the downward motion trajectory 23 of the particle group during the cyclic fluidization. Figure 8 This indicates that the outward sound field gradient drives particle group 2 to move and aggregate into the large pore cavity; Figure 9 This indicates the cyclic motion trajectory of the particle group 2 within the waveguide 11 before it is fully aggregated into the large aperture 1311, including the upward motion trajectory 231 of the particle group trapped in the cavity and the downward motion trajectory 241 of the particle group trapped in the cavity.

[0050] The reference range for the maximum sound pressure amplitude of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field within the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1 is 600 Pa to 2000 Pa.

[0051] The application scenario auxiliary device 3 includes a particle behavior demonstration auxiliary device 31, or a particle size testing auxiliary device 32, or an adsorption separation and collection auxiliary device 33 for adsorption separation and collection of particles in atmospheres such as flue gas containing CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4, or a particle fluidization auxiliary device 34, or a particle cavity collection auxiliary device 35, or a particle physical mixing auxiliary device 36.

[0052] Particle Behavior Demonstration Auxiliary Device 31 Figure 10As shown, the device includes a platform 311 for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, a support 312 for supporting the platform 311, a transparent outer shell 313 for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, the platform 311, and the support 312, and sound-absorbing cotton 314 for absorbing sound waves within the transparent outer shell. The sound-absorbing cotton 314 is installed on the inner side of the transparent outer shell 313. The signal generator 4 and power amplifier 5 in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1 are placed outside the transparent outer shell 313 and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker 14 via wires 6 passing through the transparent outer shell 313. The particle group 2 is located in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field within the waveguide 11; the particle group 2 can be suspended, fluidized, and dispersed into the gas medium within the waveguide 11 by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field; the particle group 2 can also be fluidized and aggregated into the large cavity 1311 by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field. The waveguide wall 113 is made of colorless and transparent acrylic glass.

[0053] Particle size testing auxiliary device 32 Figure 11 As shown, the device includes a platform 311 for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, a support 312 for supporting the platform 311, a transparent outer shell 313 for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, the platform 311, and the support 312, sound-absorbing cotton 314 for absorbing sound waves inside the transparent outer shell, and a camera 321 for capturing images of the particle thin film stripes 22 inside the waveguide 11 from the front and calculating the spacing of the particle thin film stripes 22. The sound-absorbing cotton 314 is installed on the inner side of the transparent outer shell 313. The signal generator 4 and power amplifier 5 in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1 are placed outside the transparent outer shell 313 and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker 14 via wires 6 passing through the transparent outer shell 313. To ensure that the camera 321 can clearly capture images of the particle thin film stripes 22 inside the waveguide 11 from the front, the camera 321 can be placed either outside or inside the transparent outer shell 313. The waveguide wall 113 is made of colorless transparent acrylic glass. Figure 12 This indicates the stripe structure pattern of the experimental particle thin film layer.

[0054] Adsorption separation and collection auxiliary device 33, such as Figure 13As shown, the device includes a platform 311 for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, a support 312 for supporting the platform, a closed shell 3131 for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, the platform 311 and the support 312, sound-absorbing cotton 314 for absorbing sound waves released by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1 into the closed shell 3131, an input conduit 331 for inputting an atmosphere such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metal / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 flue gas into the lower half of the waveguide 11, and an output conduit 332 for outputting clean gas from the upper half of the waveguide 11 after being treated by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field fluidized porous carbon particles 21 for adsorption separation and capture of CO2 / mercury / heavy metal / H2 / CH4. The sound-absorbing cotton 314 is installed on the inner side of the enclosed housing 3131; the signal generator 4 and power amplifier 5 in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device 1 are placed outside the enclosed housing 3131 and are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker 14 through the enclosed housing 3131 via wires 6.

[0055] Wherein, CO2 / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 represent carbon dioxide molecules, or hydrogen molecules, or methane molecules, or nitrogen oxide molecules, or / and sulfur dioxide molecules, respectively.

[0056] Particle fluidization auxiliary device 34 Figure 14 As shown, the device includes a platform 311 for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, a support 312 for supporting the platform, a closed shell 3131 for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, the platform 311, and the support 312, sound-absorbing cotton 314 for absorbing sound waves released by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1 into the closed shell 3131, a particle conduit 341 for inputting particles into the lower half of the waveguide 11, a gas delivery conduit 342 for inputting gas into the lower half of the waveguide 11, and a particle fluidization conduit 343 for outputting a gas-solid two-phase mixture from the upper half of the waveguide 11. The sound-absorbing cotton 314 is installed on the inner side of the closed shell 3131; the signal generator 4 and power amplifier 5 in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1 are placed outside the closed shell 3131 and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker 14 via wires 6 passing through the closed shell 3131.

[0057] Particle cavity trapping auxiliary device 35 Figure 15As shown, the device includes a platform 311 for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, a bracket 312 for supporting the platform 311, a closed shell 3131 for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, the platform 311, and the bracket 312, sound-absorbing cotton 314 for absorbing sound waves released by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1 into the closed shell 3131, a dust gas duct 351 for inputting gas-solid two-phase particles, such as flue gas after coal powder combustion, into the lower half of the waveguide 11, and a clean gas duct 352 for outputting clean gas from the upper half of the waveguide 11. The sound-absorbing cotton 314 is installed on the inner side of the closed shell 3131; the signal generator 4 and power amplifier 5 in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1 are placed outside the closed shell 3131 and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker 14 via wires 6 passing through the closed shell 3131.

[0058] Among them, particle physical blending auxiliary device 36, such as Figure 16 As shown, the device includes a platform 311 for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, a bracket 312 for supporting the platform 311, a closed shell 3131 for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, the platform 311 and the bracket 312, sound-absorbing cotton 314 for absorbing sound waves released by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1 into the closed shell 3131, a first particle conduit 361 for inputting a first type of particle into the lower half of the waveguide 11, a second particle conduit 362 for inputting a second type of particle into the lower half of the waveguide 11, an original conveying gas conduit 363 for carrying the mixed particles after mixing the first and second types of particles in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, and a mixed particle output conduit 364 for conveying the mixed particles. The sound-absorbing cotton 314 is installed on the inner side of the enclosed housing 3131; the signal generator 4 and power amplifier 5 in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device 1 are placed outside the enclosed housing 3131 and are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker 14 through the enclosed housing 3131 via wires 6.

[0059] The present invention also provides a method for manipulating particle swarm motion using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, comprising the following steps: S1: Connect the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1, signal generator 4 and power amplifier 5 through wire 6 to form a conductive closed audio circuit; and generate an initial three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with controllable frequency and sound pressure inside the device; S2: By adjusting the frequency of the initial three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with an inward sound field gradient 111 and an outward sound field gradient 112 is generated in the air medium inside the waveguide 11 and the array Helmholtz sound source 15. Among them, the inward sound field gradient 111 of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field drives the particle group 2 to undergo collective suspension, upper / lower circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration / dispersion, particle thin film layer stripes 22 or / and sedimentation in the gas medium inside the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device 1. Among them, the outward sound field gradient 112 of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field drives the particle group 2 to undergo a collective upward / downward cyclical motion in the gas medium inside the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device 1, tending towards the through hole 121, and finally filling and capturing the large cavity 1311 of the array Helmhotlz sound source. S3: Apply S1 and S2 to particle behavior demonstration scenarios, particle size testing scenarios, porous particle adsorption separation and capture of atmospheres such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 in flue gas scenarios, particle fluidization scenarios, particle cavity capture scenarios, and particle physical mixing scenarios.

[0060] Among them, the driving force that regulates the particle motion by the inward sound field gradient 111 and the outward sound field gradient 112 of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field includes sound radiation force. F rad and secondary radiation force F s .

[0061] In a one-dimensional non-uniform sound field, the sound radiation force F rad The expression is: ; ; In the formula, y Indicates location; P Indicates the maximum sound pressure amplitude; Φ( ρ, β () indicates the contributing factor; d p , ρ p and β p These represent the equivalent diameter, density, and compressibility coefficient of the particles, respectively. ρ a and β a =1 / ρ a c 2 a These represent the density and compressibility coefficient of air, respectively. k = ω / c 0 represents the wave number, where ω= 2π f 0, f 0 represents the frequency of the sound wave.c 0 represents the speed of sound, and π = 3.14159 represents the constant of pi. When the density and compressibility coefficient make Φ > 0, the particles move and accumulate towards the low sound pressure amplitude nodes of the non-uniform standing wave sound field; when the density and compressibility coefficient make Φ < 0, the particles move and accumulate towards the high sound pressure amplitude antinodes of the non-uniform standing wave sound field.

[0062] In a one-dimensional non-uniform sound field, the secondary radiation force F s The expressions are as follows: ; In the formula, v This represents the vibrational velocity of a fluid particle; D Indicates diameter d p1 , d p2 The distance between the centers of two arbitrary particles. For two particles with equivalent diameters approximately... d p Similar particles exist d p1 2 d p2 2 ≈ d p 6 ; θ This represents the angle between the line connecting the centers of the particles and the direction of the sound field gradient and the direction of sound field propagation. When F S When the force is greater than 0, the interaction between the two particles is a repulsive force; when... F S When < 0, the interaction between the two particles is an attractive force. (This refers to the interaction between the antinodes of a standing wave packet.) v ( y )≈0 and p ( y Under conditions where the value is large, by F S The attraction deviation between any two particles determined by <0 leads to a time-varying clustering and fragmentation interlocking reconstruction effect among a large number of particles in the isobaric region.

[0063] Among them, the optimal frequency of the inward sound field gradient 111 of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field is 220Hz, and the permissible frequency range is 180Hz~220Hz; the frequency of the outward sound field gradient 111 of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field is 250Hz, and the permissible frequency range is 250Hz~350Hz.

[0064] The reference range for the maximum sound pressure amplitude of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field is 600 Pa to 2000 Pa.

[0065] The process of demonstrating particle behavior includes: by adjusting the frequency from 180Hz to 350Hz, the particle group 2 located in the waveguide 11 is suspended, fluidized, and dispersed into the gas medium in the waveguide 11 by a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the frequency range of 180Hz to 220Hz; the particle group 2 is fluidized and aggregated into the large cavity 1311 in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the frequency range of 250Hz to 350Hz.

[0066] The particle size testing process includes: by adjusting the frequency within the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, particle thin film stripes 22 appear in the three-dimensional non-uniform acoustic field circulating fluidized suspension particle group 2 within waveguide 11; further, the spacing between two adjacent particle thin film layers is photographed and measured using camera 321, and the particle size is further calculated; it is known that the spacing between particle thin films is photographed and measured using camera 321. D es Calculate particle size d p The expression is: ; In the formula, λ This represents the wavelength of a non-uniform sound field. For example, the fringe spacing experimentally measured for a polyethylene particle with a statistically equivalent diameter of approximately 2 mm in the demonstration. D es =23mm, the calculated equivalent particle diameter is d p =1.9mm, where, f =220Hz, λ =340 / 220=1.5454 m, ρ p =8kg / m 3 , β p =1×10 -5 Pa -1 , β a =7.2×10 -6 Pa -1 Φ≈0.8, ρ a =1.2 kg / m 3 .

[0067] The process of porous particle adsorption separation and trapping of atmospheres such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 in flue gas includes: conveying the raw atmosphere to be treated into the waveguide through input conduit 331; by adjusting the frequency in the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, the porous particle group suspended in a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field within the waveguide 11 adsorbs, separates, and traps the atmosphere such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 in the flue gas through fluidization; further, the treated clean atmosphere is discharged through conduit 332. For example, for purifying different target components such as CO2 or mercury particle mixtures such as flue gas, highly competitive adsorbent porous particles that specifically adsorb these components such as CO2 or mercury particles are used, such as porous carbon specifically prepared using KOH (potassium hydroxide) and K2CO3 (potassium carbonate) particle liquids to specifically highly competitively adsorb and trap CO2 or mercury.

[0068] The particle fluidization process includes: inputting raw particles into the lower half of waveguide 11 through particle conduit 341, and inputting raw gas into the lower half of waveguide 11 through gas delivery conduit 342; by adjusting the frequency in the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in waveguide 11 causes the raw particles to generate a circulating fluidization suspension effect in the raw gas; further, a gas-solid two-phase uniformly mixed mixture is output from the upper half of waveguide 11 through particle fluidization conduit 343.

[0069] The particle cavity trapping process includes: inputting gas-solid two-phase particles, such as flue gas after coal combustion, into the lower half of the waveguide 11 through the dust gas duct 351; by adjusting the frequency in the range of 250Hz to 350Hz, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the waveguide 11 causes the gas-solid two-phase particles, such as the particles in the flue gas after coal combustion, to undergo a collective upward / downward cyclical motion in the gas medium that tends towards the through hole 121 and finally fills and traps them into the large cavity 1311 of the array Helmhotlz sound source; further, clean gas is output from the upper half of the waveguide 11 through the clean gas duct 352.

[0070] The particle physical mixing process includes: inputting a first type of particle into the lower half of waveguide 11 through particle conduit 361, inputting a second type of particle into the lower half of waveguide 11 through particle conduit 362, and conveying a carrier gas into the lower half of waveguide 11 through original conveying gas conduit 363; by adjusting the frequency in the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in waveguide 11 causes the two types of particles to produce a circulating fluidized suspension mixing effect in the original conveying gas; further, the mixed particles are conveyed out from the upper part of waveguide 11 through mixed particle output conduit 364.

[0071] Figure 17This diagram illustrates the structure, dimensions, and assembly example of a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator 1. The perforated plate 12 is 5mm thick, and each plate has 12 rectangular through-holes 121 arranged in a 3×4 array, each measuring 8mm × 20.16mm × 5mm. A single cavity plate 13 is 10mm thick, and each cavity plate 13 has 12 circular cavities 131 arranged in a 3×4 array, each with a diameter of 55mm. Four cavity plates 13 are stacked together to form a large cavity with a length of 40mm and an inner diameter of 55mm. The perforated plate 12, cavity plate 13, and diaphragm 141 are stacked together to form 12 independent Helmholtz sound sources arranged in a 3×4 array. The vertical distance between the centers of two adjacent through-holes 121 is 75mm.

[0072] Figure 18 This section shows an example of the dimensions of the porous plate 12 component that constitutes the Helmholtz resonator structure, wherein the horizontal distance between the centers of two adjacent through holes 121 is 56.9 mm.

[0073] Figure 19 The diagram shows an example of the dimensions of the cavity plate 13 constituting the Helmholtz resonator, wherein the radius of a single cavity is 27.5 mm, and 12 cavities in a 3×4 array are evenly arranged on the cavity plate 13, which is 10 mm thick, 300 mm high, and 218.6 mm long.

[0074] Figure 20 This illustrates an example of the assembly dimensions of a single cavity plate 13 constituting a Helmholtz resonator with a loudspeaker 14, wherein the diaphragm 141 of the loudspeaker 14 has a circular diameter of 55 mm, and after assembly, it precisely seals one end of the 55 mm diameter cylinder of the cavity plate 13.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for manipulating particle swarm motion using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, characterized in that: It includes a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), a particle group (2), an application scenario auxiliary device (3), a signal generator (4), a power amplifier (5), and a wire (6); wherein, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), the signal generator (4), and the power amplifier (5) are connected by the wire (6) to form a conductive closed audio circuit, generating a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with controllable frequency and sound pressure inside the device; the particle group (2) is initially placed in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1).

2. The device for manipulating particle swarm motion using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device (1) includes a hollow cuboid single-opening waveguide (11), a perforated plate (12), a cavity plate (13), and a loudspeaker (14); the perforated plate (12) is provided with a plurality of through holes (121), and the cavity plate (13) is provided with the same number of cavities (131) as the through holes (121). The cross-sectional area of ​​the through holes (121) is smaller than that of the cavities (131), and the number of cavity plates (13) is not less than 1. The perforated plate (12), the cavity plate (13), and the diaphragm (141) of the loudspeaker (14) having the same number of through holes (121) are stacked one after another to form a semi-enclosed physical structure that is connected to the outside world only by through holes (121), which is equivalent to an array of Helmholtz sound sources (15) of Helmholtz resonators; the total number of array Helmholtz sound sources (15) is equal to the number of through holes (121) on a single perforated plate (12); at least one cavity plate (13) is stacked one after another so that the cavities (131) on it together form a large cavity (1311). The individual Helmholtz sound source in the array Helmholtz sound source (15) is formed by connecting the through hole (121), the large cavity (1311) and the diaphragm (141) of the loudspeaker (14) in sequence; except for being connected by the through hole (121), the internal air medium of each Helmholtz sound source in the array Helmholtz sound source (15) is not connected to the internal air medium of other Helmholtz sound sources.

3. The device for manipulating particle swarm motion using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle group (2) includes polyethylene foam particles, or coal fly ash particles, or porous carbon particles (21), or non-carbon-based porous particles; the particle group (2) undergoes collective suspension, circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration, particle film layer stripes (22), sedimentation and / or porous cavity trapping particle movement filled with macropores (1311) under the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field driving device (1).

4. The device for manipulating particle swarm motion using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field according to claim 3, characterized in that: The permissible frequency range of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field of the particle group (2) is 180Hz~220Hz, which causes the particle group (2) to undergo mass suspension, circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration, particle film layer stripes (22) or / and sedimentation; the permissible frequency range of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field of the particle group (2) that causes the particle group (2) to capture the mass movement of particles in the porous cavity that fills the large pore cavity (1311) is 250Hz~350Hz. The sound field gradient direction of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in which the particle group (2) is pushed and undergoes collective suspension, circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration, particle film layer stripes (22) or / and sedimentation is an inward sound field gradient (111) pointing from the outside to the inside of the large pore cavity; the sound field gradient direction of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in which the particle group (2) is pushed and undergoes collective movement of particles in the porous cavity that fills the large pore cavity (1311) is an outward sound field gradient (112) pointing from the inside of the large pore cavity to the outside. The maximum sound pressure amplitude of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1) ranges from 600 Pa to 2000 Pa.

5. The device for manipulating particle swarm motion using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application scenario auxiliary device (3) includes a particle behavior demonstration auxiliary device (31), or a particle size testing auxiliary device (32), or an adsorption separation and collection auxiliary device (33) for adsorption separation and collection of CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 in the atmosphere such as flue gas in the particle group (2), or a particle fluidization auxiliary device (34), or a particle cavity collection auxiliary device (35), or a particle physical mixing auxiliary device (36). The particle behavior demonstration auxiliary device (31) includes a platform (311) for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), a bracket (312) for supporting the platform (311), a transparent shell (313) for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), the platform (311), and the bracket (312), and sound-absorbing cotton (314) for absorbing sound waves inside the transparent shell; wherein, the sound-absorbing cotton (314) is installed on the inner side of the transparent shell (313); and the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1) 1) The signal generator (4) and power amplifier (5) in the connected audio circuit are placed outside the transparent shell (313) and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker (14) through the transparent shell (313) via wires (6); the particle group (2) is located in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the waveguide (11); the particle group (2) is suspended, fluidized and dispersed in the gas medium in the waveguide (11) by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, or fluidized and gathered in the large cavity (1311) by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field; The particle size testing auxiliary device (32) includes a platform (311) for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), a bracket (312) for supporting the platform (311), a transparent shell (313) for wrapping the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), the platform (311) and the bracket (312), sound-absorbing cotton (314) for absorbing sound waves inside the transparent shell, and a camera (321) for taking pictures of the particle thin film layer stripes (22) inside the waveguide from the front and calculating the spacing of the particle thin film layer stripes; wherein, the sound-absorbing cotton (314) is installed on the inner side of the transparent shell (313); the signal generator (4) and the power amplifier (5) in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1) are placed outside the transparent shell (313) and are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker (14) through the transparent shell (313) via wires (6); the camera (321) is placed inside or outside the transparent shell (313); The adsorption separation and capture auxiliary device (33) includes a platform (311) for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), a support (312) for supporting the platform (311), a closed shell (3131) for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), the platform (311) and the support (312), sound-absorbing cotton (314) for absorbing the sound waves released into the closed shell (3131) by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), and an input duct for inputting atmosphere such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metal / H2 / CH4 flue gas into the lower half of the waveguide (11). 331), used to output the clean gas after CO2 / mercury / heavy metal / H2 / CH4 treatment by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field fluidized porous carbon particles through adsorption separation and capture from the upper part of the waveguide (11) (332); wherein, the sound-absorbing cotton (314) is installed on the inner side of the closed shell (3131); the signal generator (4) and power amplifier (5) in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device (1) are placed outside the closed shell (3131) and are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker (14) through the closed shell (3131) via the wire (6); The particle fluidization auxiliary device (34) includes a platform (311) for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), a support (312) for supporting the platform (311), a closed shell (3131) for enclosing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), the platform (311) and the support (312), sound-absorbing cotton (314) for absorbing sound waves released into the closed shell (3131) by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), and a particle conduit (341) for inputting particles into the lower half of the waveguide (11). A gas delivery conduit (342) for inputting gas into the lower half of the waveguide (11), and a particulate fluidization conduit (343) for outputting a gas-solid two-phase mixture from the upper half of the waveguide (11); wherein, sound-absorbing cotton (314) is installed on the inner side of the closed shell (3131); the signal generator (4) and power amplifier (5) in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device (1) are placed outside the closed shell (3131) and are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the loudspeaker (14) through the closed shell (3131) via wires (6); The particle cavity trapping auxiliary device (35) includes a platform (311) for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), a support (312) for supporting the platform (311), a closed shell (3131) for wrapping the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), the platform (311) and the support (312), sound-absorbing cotton (314) for absorbing the sound waves released by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1) into the closed shell (3131), and gas-solid two-phase input to the lower half of the waveguide (11). Dust gas duct (351) for particulate matter such as flue gas after coal combustion, and clean gas duct (352) for outputting clean gas from the upper part of waveguide (11); wherein, sound-absorbing cotton (314) is installed on the inner side of the enclosed shell (3131); the signal generator (4) and power amplifier (5) in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device (1) are placed outside the enclosed shell (3131) and are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker (14) through the enclosed shell (3131) via wires (6); The particle physical mixing auxiliary device (36) includes a platform (311) for placing the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), a support (312) for supporting the platform (311), a closed shell (3131) for wrapping the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), the platform (311) and the support (312), sound-absorbing cotton (314) for absorbing sound waves released into the closed shell (3131) by the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), a first particle conduit (361) for inputting the first type of particle into the lower half of the waveguide (11), and a second type of particle for inputting the second type of particle into the lower half of the waveguide (11). The second particle conduit (362) is used to carry the mixed particles after mixing the first and second particles in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field. The original conveying gas conduit (363) is used to carry the mixed particles. The mixed particle output conduit (364) is used to convey the mixed particles. The sound-absorbing cotton (314) is installed on the inner side of the closed shell (3131). The signal generator (4) and power amplifier (5) in the audio circuit connected to the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device (1) are placed outside the closed shell (3131) and are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the speaker (14) through the closed shell (3131) via wires (6).

6. A method for using the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field manipulation device for particle swarm motion as described in claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps S1: Connect the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1), signal generator (4) and power amplifier (5) through wire (6) to form a conductive closed audio circuit; and generate an initial three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with controllable frequency and sound pressure inside the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generator (1); S2: By adjusting the frequency of the initial three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field with an inward sound field gradient (111) and an outward sound field gradient (112) is generated in the air medium inside the waveguide (11) and the array Helmholtz sound source. Among them, the inward sound field gradient (111) of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field drives the particle group (2) to undergo collective suspension, upper / lower circulating fluidized mixing, particle agglomeration / dispersion, particle film layer stripes (22) or / and sedimentation in the gas medium inside the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device (1). Among them, the outward sound field gradient (112) of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field drives the particle group (2) to undergo a collective upward / downward cyclical motion in the gas medium inside the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field generating device (1) towards the through hole (121) and finally fills and collects into the large cavity of the array Helmhotlz sound source. S3: Apply S1 and S2 to particle behavior demonstration scenarios, particle size testing scenarios, porous particle adsorption separation and capture of atmospheres such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 in flue gas scenarios, particle fluidization scenarios, particle cavity capture scenarios, and particle physical mixing scenarios.

7. The method for manipulating particle swarm motion in a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving force for particle motion, which is regulated by the inward sound field gradient (111) and outward sound field gradient (112) of the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field, includes sound radiation force and secondary radiation force.

8. The method for manipulating particle swarm motion using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the case of using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field as an equivalent one-dimensional non-uniform sound field, the sound radiation force F rad The expression is: In the formula, y Indicates location; P Indicates the maximum sound pressure amplitude; Φ( ρ, β () indicates the contributing factor; d p , ρ p and β p These represent the equivalent diameter, density, and compressibility coefficient of the particles, respectively. ρ a and β a =1 / ρ a c 2 a These represent the density and compressibility coefficient of air, respectively. k = ω / c 0 represents the wave number, where ω= 2π f 0, f 0 represents the frequency of the sound wave. c 0 represents the speed of sound; In the case of using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field as an equivalent one-dimensional non-uniform sound field, the secondary radiation force F s The expressions are as follows: In the formula, v This represents the vibrational velocity of a fluid particle; D Indicates diameter d p1 , d p2 The distance between the centers of two arbitrary particles; for two equivalent diameters approximately d p Similar particles exist d p1 2 d p2 2 ≈ d p 6 ; θ This represents the angle between the line connecting the centers of the particles and the direction of the sound field gradient and the direction of sound field propagation; when F S When the force is greater than 0, the interaction between the two particles is a repulsive force; when... F S When <0, the interaction between the two particles is an attractive force; at the antinode of the standing wave packet... v ( y )≈0 and p ( y Under conditions where the value is large, by F S The attraction deviation between any two particles determined by <0 leads to a time-varying clustering and fragmentation interlocking reconstruction effect among a large number of particles in the isobaric region.

9. The method for manipulating particle swarm motion using a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field according to claim 8, characterized in that: The manipulation process in the particle behavior demonstration scenario includes: the particle group (2) is suspended, fluidized, and dispersed into the gas medium in the waveguide (11) by a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the frequency range of 180Hz~220Hz; the particle group (2) is fluidized and aggregated into the large cavity (1311) by a three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the frequency range of 250Hz~350Hz. The manipulation process in the particle size testing scenario includes: by adjusting the frequency in the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, the particle group in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field circulating fluidized suspension in the waveguide (11) shows particle thin film stripes (22); and using a camera (321) to photograph and measure the spacing between two adjacent particle thin film layers. D es Calculate the particle size. d p The expression is: In the formula, λ The wavelength represents a non-uniform sound field; The process of controlling the porous particle adsorption separation and capture atmosphere such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 in flue gas includes: conveying the original atmosphere to be treated into the waveguide through the input conduit (331); by adjusting the frequency in the range of 210H~220Hz, the porous particle group suspended in the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the waveguide (11) adsorbs, separates and captures the atmosphere such as CO2 / mercury / heavy metals / H2 / CH4 / NOx / SO2 in flue gas; the treated clean atmosphere is discharged through the conduit (332); The manipulation process in the particle fluidization scenario includes: inputting raw particles into the lower half of the waveguide (11) using a particle conduit (341) and inputting raw gas into the lower half of the waveguide (11) using a gas delivery conduit (342); by adjusting the frequency in the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the waveguide (11) causes the raw particles to generate a circulating fluidization suspension effect in the raw gas; and outputting a gas-solid two-phase uniformly mixed mixture from the upper half of the waveguide (11) using a particle fluidization conduit (343). The control process in the particle cavity trapping scenario includes: inputting gas-solid two-phase particles, such as flue gas after coal powder combustion, into the lower half of the waveguide (11) through a dust gas duct (351); by adjusting the frequency in the range of 250Hz to 350Hz, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the waveguide (11) causes the gas-solid two-phase particles, such as particles in the flue gas after coal powder combustion, to undergo a collective upward / downward cyclical motion in the gas medium tending towards the through hole (121) and finally filling and trapping them into the large cavity of the array Helmhotlz sound source; and outputting clean gas from the upper half of the waveguide (11) through a clean gas duct (352). The control process in the particle physical mixing scenario includes: inputting the first type of particle into the lower half of the waveguide (11) using the first particle conduit (361), inputting the second type of particle into the lower half of the waveguide (11) using the second particle conduit (362), and conveying the carrying gas into the lower half of the waveguide (11) using the original conveying gas conduit (363); by adjusting the frequency in the range of 210Hz to 220Hz, the three-dimensional non-uniform sound field in the waveguide (11) causes the two types of particles to produce a circulating fluidized suspension mixing effect in the original conveying gas; and conveying the mixed particles from the upper part of the waveguide using the mixed particle output conduit (364).

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