A gas turbine turbine rotor mounting system and method

Abstract

This application discloses an installation system and method for a gas turbine rotor. The system includes: a mounting bracket; multiple tightening assemblies corresponding to each tie rod bolt; multiple heating assemblies corresponding to each tie rod bolt, each heating assembly extending into the central blind hole of the corresponding tie rod bolt, and each heating assembly being equipped with a displacement sensor for detecting the axial elongation of the corresponding tie rod bolt; a central integrated controller including: a servo driver for controlling the tightening of each tightening assembly; a temperature control module for adjusting the temperature of each heating assembly; a data acquisition module; and a main control module for controlling the servo driver, the temperature control module, and the data acquisition module. During turbine rotor installation, the installation system of this application provides equipment support for synchronously tightening each tie rod bolt with the same preload.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gas turbine technology, and in particular to an installation system and method for a gas turbine rotor. Background Technology

[0002] The turbine rotor in a gas turbine typically consists of a turbine shaft and multiple turbine disks. The adjacent end faces of each turbine disk mesh with each other via arc-shaped end teeth. Axially, the meshing turbine disks need to be rigidly connected to the turbine shaft by multiple tie rod bolts, and to ensure axial connection rigidity, multiple tie rod bolts are also required to provide preload.

[0003] Currently, when applying preload to the tie rod bolt, the tie rod bolt is heated to expand. After the tie rod bolt expands due to heat, its axial length elongates. Then the tie rod bolt is tightened. As a result, when the tie rod bolt cools down, its axial length shortens, which can provide a large preload to each stage of turbine disk and turbine shaft.

[0004] However, currently, most tie rod bolts are heated sequentially and then manually tightened, which results in the tie rod bolts not generating preload synchronously, and the preload accuracy of each tie rod bolt is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application proposes an installation system and method for a gas turbine rotor, aiming to solve the problem in the prior art where heating and manually tightening each tie rod bolt sequentially results in the inability of the tie rod bolts to generate preload synchronously, and the preload accuracy of each tie rod bolt is low.

[0006] In this application embodiment, a gas turbine rotor mounting system is proposed, comprising: a turbine shaft, a plurality of turbine disks, and a plurality of tie rod bolts, wherein the turbine shaft and each of the turbine disks are connected axially along the turbine rotor via the tie rod bolts, characterized in that the mounting system comprises:

[0007] Mounting brackets are used to securely mount the gas turbine onto its casing. Multiple screwing assemblies corresponding to each of the aforementioned tie rod bolts are mounted on the mounting bracket, and each screwing assembly is used to screw the corresponding tie rod bolt. Multiple heating components are provided, each corresponding to one of the tie rod bolts. Each heating component is mounted on the mounting bracket and extends into the central blind hole of the corresponding tie rod bolt. Each heating component is provided with a displacement sensor at one end facing the bottom of the corresponding central blind hole. The displacement sensor is used to detect the axial elongation of the corresponding tie rod bolt. Central integrated controller, including: A servo driver, electrically connected to each of the aforementioned screwing components, is used to control the screwing of each screwing component; A temperature control module, electrically connected to each of the heating components, is used to adjust the temperature of each heating component; The data acquisition module is electrically connected to each of the displacement sensors and is used to acquire the axial elongation detected by each displacement sensor. The main control module is electrically connected to the servo driver, the temperature control module, and the data acquisition module. The main control module is used to control the servo driver, the temperature control module, and the data acquisition module.

[0008] In this embodiment, the mounting bracket is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, each of which is coaxial with a tie rod bolt; Each tightening assembly includes a housing, a tightening machine, and a sleeve. The housing is mounted on the mounting bracket, and the tightening machine is located inside the housing. The signal input terminal of the tightening machine is electrically connected to the servo driver, and the torque output terminal of the tightening machine is drivenly connected to the sleeve. The sleeve passes through the corresponding mounting hole and forms a drive connection with the corresponding tie rod bolt.

[0009] In this embodiment of the application, each screwing assembly further includes: A first stop block and a second stop block are both disposed on the mounting bracket, and in the circumferential direction of the turbine shaft, the first stop block and the second stop block are located on both sides of the housing of their corresponding screwing assembly to fix the screwing assembly.

[0010] In this embodiment of the application, each sleeve is provided with a central through hole, and the central through hole of each sleeve is coaxial with the central blind hole of its corresponding tie rod bolt; One end of the heating component corresponding to each tie rod bolt passes through the central through hole of the sleeve corresponding to the tie rod bolt into the central blind hole of the tie rod bolt, and the other end is located on the housing of the screwing component corresponding to the tie rod bolt.

[0011] In this embodiment of the application, each screwing assembly has a countersunk hole on the outer side wall of its housing, and the countersunk hole is connected to and coaxial with the central through hole of the corresponding sleeve; One end of each heating element passes through the corresponding countersunk hole and extends into the corresponding central blind hole through the central through hole. The other end of each heating element is provided with a fixing block, which is fixed in the stepped hole of the corresponding countersunk hole.

[0012] In the embodiments of this application, the outer sidewall of each of the fixing blocks is a non-circular structure, and the inner sidewall of each of the stepped holes is adapted to the outer sidewall of the corresponding fixing block to limit the circumferential movement of each fixing block.

[0013] In this embodiment of the application, each heating component is provided with multiple temperature sensors. The temperature sensors on the same heating component are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the heating component. Each temperature sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition module.

[0014] This application also proposes a method for installing a gas turbine rotor, applicable to the gas turbine rotor installation system described in any of the above embodiments, the installation method comprising: Based on the temperature control module, each heating component is started synchronously according to the preset target temperature and preset heating rate; Based on the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt collected in real time by the data acquisition module; Once the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt reaches the target axial elongation, the servo driver synchronously starts each screwing component to screw the corresponding tie rod bolt according to the preset torque and preset screwing angle. After tightening, each tie rod bolt is kept warm according to the preset heat preservation time based on each heating component; After the heat preservation time is reached, all heating components are turned off simultaneously to allow each tie rod bolt to cool naturally.

[0015] In this embodiment of the application, after synchronously activating each heating component, the installation method further includes: Determine the average axial elongation of each tie rod bolt according to the preset cycle; By comparing the difference between the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation, if the difference between the axial elongation of any tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation exceeds a preset error range, and the axial elongation of that tie rod bolt is less than the average axial elongation, then the heating power of the heating component corresponding to that tie rod bolt is increased; if the difference between the axial elongation of any tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation exceeds a preset error range, and the axial elongation of that tie rod bolt is greater than the average axial elongation, then the heating power of the heating component corresponding to that tie rod bolt is decreased.

[0016] In this embodiment of the application, after synchronously activating each heating component, the installation method further includes: Based on the real-time detection values ​​of each temperature sensor on each heating component, the real-time temperature at different locations on the same heating component is determined. Based on the real-time temperature at different locations on each heating element, determine the real-time temperature difference between different locations on each heating element; If the real-time temperature difference between any two locations in any heating component exceeds the preset temperature difference range, the heating component is determined to be abnormal.

[0017] The installation system in this embodiment, by setting up a main control module, a temperature control module, and multiple heating components, can synchronously activate each heating component to heat each tie rod bolt simultaneously. By setting up a data acquisition module and various displacement sensors, it can detect and collect the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt after thermal expansion in real time. Based on the real-time axial elongation of each tie rod bolt, the heating power of each heating component can be adjusted in real time, thereby ensuring that the axial elongation speed of each tie rod bolt is approximately the same. Furthermore, through the main control module, servo controller, and various tightening components, each tie rod bolt can be tightened with the same torque and tightening angle, ensuring that each tie rod bolt is tightened synchronously with the same torque and tightening angle, thus guaranteeing that each tie rod bolt has approximately the same preload and that the tightening process is uniform. Therefore, when installing a turbine rotor, the installation system in this application provides equipment support for the synchronous tightening of each tie rod bolt with the same preload. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation system mounted on a gas turbine according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a top view of the installation system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Turbine shaft, 2-First-stage turbine disk, 3-Second-stage turbine disk, 4-Third-stage turbine disk, 5-Heating assembly, 6-Tie rod bolt, 7-Displacement sensor, 8-Fixing block, 9-Sleeve, 10-Housing, 11-First stop block, 12-Central integrated controller, 13-Mounting bracket, 14-Casing, 15-Mounting hole, 16-Center through hole, 17-Counterhead hole, 18-Stepped hole, 19-Second stop block.

[0021] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0024] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, this application provides an installation system for a gas turbine rotor. The turbine rotor includes a turbine shaft 1, multiple turbine disks, and multiple tie rod bolts 6. The turbine shaft 1 and each of the turbine disks are connected axially along the turbine rotor via the tie rod bolts 6. The installation system comprises: Mounting bracket 13 is used to fix the gas turbine casing 14. Multiple screwing assemblies corresponding to each of the tie rod bolts 6 are mounted on the mounting bracket 13, and each screwing assembly is used to screw the corresponding tie rod bolt 6. A plurality of heating components 5 are provided, each corresponding to one of the tie rod bolts 6. Each heating component 5 is mounted on the mounting bracket 13. Each heating component 5 extends into the central blind hole of the corresponding tie rod bolt 6. Each heating component 5 is provided with a displacement sensor 7 at one end facing the bottom of the corresponding central blind hole. The displacement sensor 7 is used to detect the axial elongation of the corresponding tie rod bolt 6. Central integrated controller 12, including: A servo driver, electrically connected to each of the aforementioned screwing components, is used to control the screwing of each screwing component; A temperature control module is electrically connected to each of the heating components 5 and is used to adjust the temperature of each heating component 5; The data acquisition module is electrically connected to each of the displacement sensors 7 and is used to acquire the axial elongation detected by each displacement sensor 7. The main control module is electrically connected to the servo driver, the temperature control module, and the data acquisition module. The main control module is used to control the servo driver, the temperature control module, and the data acquisition module.

[0026] In the embodiments of this application, the turbine disk typically includes multiple disks, such as in... Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, a first-stage turbine disk 2, a second-stage turbine disk 3, and a third-stage turbine disk 4 are provided. None of the first, second, or third-stage turbine disks have a center hole. Multiple tie rod bolts 6 are installed axially along the turbine rotor. Each tie rod bolt 6 passes through the first, second, and third-stage turbine disks and is screwed to the turbine shaft 1, thereby rigidly connecting each stage of the turbine disks and the turbine shaft 1 axially along the turbine rotor. Furthermore, each stage of the turbine disks can be connected via arc-shaped end teeth to transmit torque and ensure centering.

[0027] When installing each stage of turbine disks onto the turbine shaft 1, an axial preload is applied between the turbine shaft 1 and each stage of turbine disks through each tie rod bolt 6. Each tie rod bolt 6 is distributed circumferentially on the turbine disk. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the preload of each tie rod bolt 6 is approximately the same to avoid excessive differences in the preload of different tie rod bolts 6, which would lead to uneven stress on the turbine rotor and thus affect the normal operation of the gas turbine.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the mounting bracket 13 can be fixedly installed on the casing 14 of the gas turbine. The mounting bracket 13 is used to install various screwing components and various heating components 5.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in this embodiment, the number of heating components 5 is the same as the number of tie rod bolts 6. The installation position of each heating component 5 on the mounting bracket 13 also corresponds to the position of each tie rod bolt 6. After the heating component 5 is installed on the mounting bracket 13, it can extend into the central blind hole of the corresponding tie rod bolt 6, so that when the heating component 5 heats up, it can raise the temperature of the corresponding tie rod bolt 6.

[0030] In this embodiment, the heating component 5 may be a heating rod, which may be a high-power flexible armored electric heating rod.

[0031] In this embodiment, the heating portion (i.e., the heating section) of the heating rod needs to extend into the central blind hole. Therefore, the outer diameter of the heating section needs to be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the central blind hole of the tie rod bolt 6 to ensure that the heating rod can extend into the central blind hole of the tie rod bolt 6. Additionally, the length of the heating rod can be determined based on the depth of the central blind hole and the thickness of each turbine disk, ensuring that after the heating rod passes through each stage of the turbine disk, the heating section is located within the central blind hole. Furthermore, the distance between the deepest end of the heating section in the central blind hole and the bottom of the central blind hole should not be too large, ensuring a uniform temperature rise throughout the entire central blind hole.

[0032] In addition, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown in this embodiment, a displacement sensor 7 is also provided at the end of the heating rod located at the deepest part of the central blind hole. The displacement sensor 7 faces the bottom of the central blind hole. After the heating rod heats up, the temperature of the tie rod bolt 6 will rise accordingly, and then expand and elongate axially. When the tie rod bolt 6 elongates axially, the bottom of the central blind hole moves axially. The displacement sensor 7 detects the axial displacement distance of the bottom of the central blind hole, and thus determines the axial elongation of the tie rod bolt 6.

[0033] In this embodiment, the displacement sensor 7 can be a reflective fiber optic displacement sensor. The sensor probe emits a light signal toward the measurement target at the bottom of the central blind hole and receives the reflected signal after the light signal is reflected by the measurement target. When the tie rod bolt 6 is heated and expands axially, the measurement target at the bottom of the central blind hole moves axially accordingly, and the transmission time of the reflected signal changes accordingly. Thus, the axial displacement of the measurement target can be calculated based on the transmission time of the reflected signal, and the axial elongation of the tie rod bolt 6 can be determined.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the number of screwing components is the same as the number of tie rod bolts 6. The installation position of each screwing component on the mounting bracket 13 corresponds one-to-one with each tie rod bolt 6, so that when each screwing component is installed on the tie rod bolt 6, it can be used to screw each tie rod bolt 6.

[0035] In this embodiment, each screwing component can be a screw tightening machine. The screw tightening machine can precisely control the torque and screwing angle, thereby ensuring that each tie rod bolt 6 can be screwed with the same force.

[0036] In this embodiment, each screwing component can be controlled by a servo driver. The servo driver can precisely control the screwing action of each screwing component, enabling synchronous tightening and asynchronous compensation, thus avoiding overload or underload of individual tie rod bolts 6.

[0037] In this embodiment, each heating component 5 can be controlled by a temperature control module. The temperature control module can simultaneously turn each heating component 5 on or off, or independently adjust the heating power of each heating component 5.

[0038] In this embodiment, the data acquisition module can synchronously acquire the axial elongation detected in real time by the displacement sensor 7 in each central blind hole.

[0039] In this embodiment, the main control module can be a programmable logic controller (PLC). The main control module can send start and stop commands to the servo driver, temperature control module, and data acquisition module; it can also receive the axial elongation values ​​collected in real time by the data acquisition module; and it can send adjustment commands to the temperature control module according to the axial elongation values.

[0040] The installation system in this embodiment, by setting up a main control module, a temperature control module, and multiple heating components 5, can synchronously activate each heating component 5 to heat each tie rod bolt 6 simultaneously. By setting up a data acquisition module and various displacement sensors 7, it can detect and collect the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt 6 after thermal expansion in real time. Based on the real-time axial elongation of each tie rod bolt 6, the heating power of each heating component 5 can be adjusted in real time, thereby ensuring that the axial elongation speed of each tie rod bolt 6 is approximately the same. Furthermore, through the main control module, servo controller, and various tightening components, each tie rod bolt 6 can be tightened with the same torque and tightening angle, ensuring that each tie rod bolt 6 is tightened synchronously with the same torque and tightening angle, thus guaranteeing that each tie rod bolt 6 has approximately the same preload and that the tightening process is uniform. Therefore, when installing a turbine rotor, the installation system in this application can provide equipment support for the synchronous tightening of each tie rod bolt 6 with the same preload.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the mounting bracket 13 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 15, and each mounting hole 15 is coaxial with each tie rod bolt 6; Each tightening assembly includes a housing 10, a tightening machine, and a sleeve 9. The housing 10 is mounted on the mounting bracket 13, and the tightening machine is located inside the housing 10. The signal input terminal of the tightening machine is electrically connected to the servo driver, and the torque output terminal of the tightening machine is drivenly connected to the sleeve 9. The sleeve 9 passes through the corresponding mounting hole 15 and forms a drive connection with the corresponding tie rod bolt 6.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown in this embodiment, the tightening assembly is mounted on the mounting bracket 13. Along the axial direction of the turbine rotor, the mounting bracket 13 is a certain distance from each tie rod bolt 6. Multiple mounting holes 15 are provided on the mounting bracket 13, and the position of each mounting hole 15 on the bracket corresponds one-to-one with the position of each tie rod bolt 6, with each mounting hole 15 coaxial with the corresponding tie rod bolt 6. Furthermore, each tightening assembly includes a housing 10, a tightening machine, and a sleeve 9. The housing 10 is mounted on the mounting bracket 13, the tightening machine is located inside the housing 10, one end of the sleeve 9 is connected to the torque output end of the tightening machine, and the other end passes through the corresponding mounting hole 15 and is sleeved onto the outer wall of the corresponding tie rod bolt 6, forming a transmission connection with the bolt.

[0043] In addition, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the mounting hole 15 can be set to be approximately the same as the outer diameter of the sleeve 9. The mounting hole 15 can not only guide the sleeve 9, but also keep the sleeve 9 and the tie rod bolt 6 coaxial, and avoid the tie rod bolt 6 being overloaded during the tightening process.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this application, each screwing assembly further includes: A first stop block 11 and a second stop block 19 are both disposed on the mounting bracket 13, and in the circumferential direction of the turbine shaft 1, the first stop block 11 and the second stop block 19 are located on both sides of the housing 10 of their corresponding screwing assemblies to fix the screwing assemblies.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, for each screwing assembly, the screwing machine is located inside the housing 10, and the housing 10 is located on the mounting bracket 13. In order to ensure that the screwing machine remains stable during the screwing process, a first stop block 11 and a second stop block 19 are respectively provided on both sides of the housing 10, so as to fix and limit the housing 10 in the circumferential direction of the turbine rotor, thereby ensuring that the screwing machine can remain stable at all times during the screwing process.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of this application, each sleeve 9 is provided with a central through hole 16, and the central through hole 16 of each sleeve 9 is coaxial with the central blind hole of its corresponding tie rod bolt 6; One end of the heating component 5 corresponding to each tie rod bolt 6 passes through the central through hole 16 of the sleeve 9 corresponding to the tie rod bolt 6 into the central blind hole of the tie rod bolt 6, and the other end is located on the housing 10 of the screwing component corresponding to the tie rod bolt 6.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3The heating component 5 needs to be inserted into the central blind hole to heat the tie rod bolt 6, and the tie rod bolt 6 is fitted with a sleeve 9. Therefore, in this embodiment, the sleeve 9 can be hollowed out to form a central through hole 16, so that one end of each heating component 5 can be inserted into the corresponding central blind hole through the central through hole 16, while the other end can be located outside the central through hole 16 and fixed to the corresponding housing 10.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of this application, each screwing assembly has a countersunk hole 17 on the outer side wall of the housing 10, and the countersunk hole 17 is connected to and coaxial with the central through hole 16 of the corresponding sleeve 9. One end of each heating component 5 passes through the corresponding countersunk hole 17 and the central through hole 16 and extends into the corresponding central blind hole. The other end of each heating component 5 is also provided with a fixing block 8, which is fixed in the stepped hole 18 of the corresponding countersunk hole 17.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 In this embodiment, for any heating component 5, one end is located inside the central blind hole, and the other end is mounted on the housing 10. To facilitate installation and disassembly, a countersunk hole 17 can be provided on the outer wall of the housing 10. The countersunk hole 17 is connected to and coaxial with the corresponding central through hole 16 and central blind hole. A fixing block 8 is provided at the end of the heating component 5 located outside the central through hole 16. The fixing block 8 matches the stepped hole 18 of the countersunk hole 17. Thus, when installing the heating component 5, the heating section of the heating component 5 can be extended into the central blind hole along the countersunk hole 17 and the central through hole 16, and the other end can be fixed to the stepped hole 18 of the countersunk hole 17 based on the fixing block 8. When disassembling, the heating component 5 can be pulled out directly from one end of the fixing block 8.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the outer sidewall of each of the fixing blocks 8 is a non-circular structure, and the inner sidewall of each of the stepped holes 18 is adapted to the outer sidewall of the corresponding fixing block 8 to limit the circumferential movement of each fixing block 8.

[0051] In this embodiment of the application, the inner wall of the stepped hole 18 of the countersunk hole 17 and the outer wall of the fixing block 8 are set as matching non-circular structures, so that the countersunk hole 17 can not only center the heating component 5, but also play a circumferential limiting role.

[0052] like Figure 1As shown in the embodiment of this application, each heating component 5 is provided with multiple temperature sensors. The temperature sensors on the same heating component 5 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the heating component 5. Each temperature sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition module.

[0053] In this embodiment, for any heating component 5, three temperature sensors can be installed on it. When the heating component 5 is inserted into the corresponding central blind hole, the three temperature sensors are located at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the central blind hole, respectively, and can detect the temperature at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the central blind hole in real time. The three temperature sensors are electrically connected to the data acquisition module, and can send the real-time collected temperature to the data acquisition module. After the data acquisition module collects the temperature detected in real time by each temperature sensor, it synchronizes it to the main control module so that the central integrated controller 12 can determine whether the heating component 5 is damaged based on the temperature at each position.

[0054] Additionally, it should be noted that in this embodiment, three temperature sensors may be provided on each heating component 5. In other embodiments, fewer or more temperature sensors may be provided on each heating component 5. The technical solution of this application does not limit the number of temperature sensors on each heating component 5.

[0055] In this embodiment of the application, the temperature sensor can be a thermocouple.

[0056] In this embodiment of the application, a human machine interface (HMI) product can also be set up. The HMI product is electrically connected to the central integrated controller 12 and is used to allow users to input various parameters and display the detection values ​​of various temperature sensors and various displacement sensors 7 in real time.

[0057] For example, in this embodiment of the application, the human-machine interface product includes a touch screen, and the user can set the following parameters based on the touch screen: Heating parameters, such as target temperature and heating rate; Target axial elongation of each tie rod bolt 6; Tightening parameters, such as final torque and final tightening angle.

[0058] In addition, when the main control module receives the real-time detection values ​​from each sensor, it can also send each real-time detection value to the human-machine interface product for display.

[0059] For example, the temperature values ​​detected in real time by the temperature sensors on the heating components 5 inside each tie rod bolt 6 are displayed on the touch screen; the axial elongation detected in real time by the displacement sensor 7 inside each tie rod bolt 6 is displayed on the touch screen; and the torque and turning angle applied in real time by each turning component are displayed on the touch screen.

[0060] In addition, in this embodiment, the central integrated controller 12 can also plot the temperature values ​​detected in real time by each temperature sensor into a temperature curve and display it on the touch screen, and can also plot the axial elongation detected in real time by each displacement sensor 7 into an elongation curve and display it on the touch screen.

[0061] The installation system in this embodiment, by setting up a main control module, a temperature control module, and multiple heating components 5, can synchronously activate each heating component 5 to heat each tie rod bolt 6 simultaneously. By setting up a data acquisition module and various displacement sensors 7, it can detect and collect the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt 6 after thermal expansion in real time. Based on the real-time axial elongation of each tie rod bolt 6, the heating power of each heating component 5 can be adjusted in real time, thereby ensuring that the axial elongation speed of each tie rod bolt 6 is approximately the same. Furthermore, through the main control module, servo controller, and various tightening components, each tie rod bolt 6 can be tightened with the same torque and tightening angle, ensuring that each tie rod bolt 6 is tightened synchronously with the same torque and tightening angle, thus guaranteeing that each tie rod bolt 6 has approximately the same preload and that the tightening process is uniform. Therefore, when installing a turbine rotor, the installation system in this application can provide equipment support for the synchronous tightening of each tie rod bolt 6 with the same preload.

[0062] This application also proposes a method for installing a gas turbine rotor, applicable to the gas turbine rotor installation system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0063] In this embodiment of the application, the following preparatory work can be performed before heating each tie rod bolt: Cleaning and inspection: Clean the center blind hole, threads, and hexagonal head of each tie rod bolt, as well as the mating surfaces and threaded holes of each turbine disk and turbine shaft, and confirm that the arc end teeth are properly engaged.

[0064] Pre-install tie rod bolts: Pass each tie rod bolt through the turbine disk at each stage and gently screw it into the threaded hole of the turbine shaft. It should be noted that no preload is required when tightening the tie rod bolts at this time; simply ensure that each tie rod bolt is in contact with the turbine disk.

[0065] Assemble and install the system: Install the mounting bracket onto the gas turbine casing, install each screwing component and heating component onto the bracket, ensure that the screw is sleeved on the tie rod bolt, the heating component is inserted into the central blind hole, and the displacement sensor is aligned with the measuring target at the bottom of the central blind hole.

[0066] like Figure 4 As shown, after completing the above preparations, in this embodiment of the application, the installation method includes the following steps S100-S500: S100: Based on the temperature control module, each heating component is started synchronously according to the preset target temperature and preset heating rate.

[0067] In this embodiment, preset assembly process parameters can be input through the human-machine interface product, such as: target axial elongation ΔL (the size of ΔL can be calculated according to the preload requirement), maximum allowable heating temperature, heating rate, holding time, final torque, and final turning angle.

[0068] In addition, in this embodiment of the application, after inputting the assembly process parameters, a system self-test can be performed to check whether the communication of each channel, the readings of each temperature sensor are normal, and whether the displacement sensor is zeroed.

[0069] After the self-test is successful, each heating component is started synchronously. For example, the main control module sends a start command to each heating component simultaneously through its respective communication channel, and each heating component starts heating at the same time.

[0070] S200: The axial elongation of each tie rod bolt collected in real time by the data acquisition module.

[0071] In this embodiment, after the heating components are started synchronously, each displacement sensor detects the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt in real time. After the data acquisition module collects the real-time detection values ​​of each displacement sensor, it synchronizes the real-time detection values ​​to the main control module. The main control module plots the elongation curve of each tie rod bolt based on the real-time detection values ​​of each displacement sensor, and monitors the real-time axial elongation of each tie rod bolt at all times.

[0072] S300: When the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt reaches the target axial elongation, the servo driver synchronously starts each screwing component to screw the corresponding tie rod bolt according to the preset torque and preset screwing angle.

[0073] In this embodiment, when the main control module monitors that the real-time axial elongation of each tie rod bolt has reached the preset target axial elongation, it synchronously sends a start command to each screwing component through its respective communication channel, so that each screwing component can synchronously screw each tie rod bolt until each screwing component reaches the preset final torque and final screwing angle.

[0074] S400: After tightening, each tie rod bolt is kept warm according to the preset heat preservation time based on each heating component.

[0075] In this embodiment of the application, after each screwing component is screwed, the main control module uses the temperature control module to keep each heating component warm for a preset time (e.g., 30 to 60 seconds) to ensure that the stress distribution of each tie rod bolt is uniform.

[0076] S500: After the heat preservation time is reached, all heating components are turned off simultaneously to allow each tie rod bolt to cool naturally.

[0077] In this embodiment, after the heat preservation time is reached, the temperature control module can send a shutdown command to each heating component through its respective communication channel, so that each heating component shuts down synchronously. After each heating component shuts down synchronously, each tie rod screw cools down naturally in the air. During the cooling process, the axial length of each tie rod bolt shrinks, and the resulting axial preload can be applied to the turbine rotor.

[0078] In this embodiment, after the heating components are turned off, the tie rod bolts begin to cool and shrink. At this time, the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt can be continuously monitored by each displacement sensor, and the elongation curve of each tie rod bolt during the cooling process can be plotted by the main control module. Based on the elongation curve of each tie rod bolt, it can be determined whether each tie rod bolt shrinks synchronously and uniformly. If each tie rod bolt shrinks synchronously and uniformly, it means that the axial preload generated by each tie rod bolt is the same. If the elongation curves of each tie rod bolt differ greatly, it means that the axial preload generated by each tie rod bolt is different, and in this case, reinstallation is required.

[0079] In this embodiment of the application, after synchronously activating each heating component, the installation method further includes: Determine the average axial elongation of each tie rod bolt according to the preset cycle; By comparing the difference between the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation, if the difference between the axial elongation of any tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation exceeds a preset error range, and the axial elongation of that tie rod bolt is less than the average axial elongation, then the heating power of the heating component corresponding to that tie rod bolt is increased; if the difference between the axial elongation of any tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation exceeds a preset error range, and the axial elongation of that tie rod bolt is greater than the average axial elongation, then the heating power of the heating component corresponding to that tie rod bolt is decreased.

[0080] In this embodiment, to ensure that the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt reaches the preset target axial elongation synchronously, a preset error range can be set during the heating process. The average axial elongation of each tie rod bolt is calculated at preset intervals (e.g., 100ms), and the difference between the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation is calculated. If the difference between the axial elongation of any tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation exceeds the preset error range, and the axial elongation of that tie rod bolt is greater than the average axial elongation, it indicates that the tie rod bolt is expanding rapidly due to heat. In this case, [the process can be adjusted]. The heating power of the heating component corresponding to the tie rod bolt is reduced based on the temperature control module, thereby reducing its expansion rate. If the difference between the axial elongation of any tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation exceeds the preset error range, and the axial elongation of the tie rod bolt is less than the average axial elongation, it indicates that the tie rod bolt expands slowly when heated. In this case, the heating power of the heating component corresponding to the tie rod bolt can be increased based on the temperature control module to increase its expansion rate, thereby ensuring that each tie rod bolt can have approximately the same expansion rate and thus elongate to the target axial elongation approximately synchronously.

[0081] In this embodiment of the application, after synchronously activating each heating component, the installation method further includes: Based on the real-time detection values ​​of each temperature sensor on each heating component, the real-time temperature at different locations on the same heating component is determined. Based on the real-time temperature at different locations on each heating element, determine the real-time temperature difference between different locations on each heating element; If the real-time temperature difference between any two locations in any heating component exceeds the preset temperature difference range, the heating component is determined to be abnormal.

[0082] In this embodiment of the application, each heating component is equipped with a temperature sensor at a different location. Therefore, during the heating process, the temperature detection values ​​of each temperature sensor can be collected in real time based on the data acquisition module.

[0083] For any heating component, the temperature detected by each temperature sensor on it represents the temperature at the corresponding position of the heating component and the temperature sensor, and also represents the heating temperature of the tie rod bolt at the corresponding position of the temperature sensor. Under normal circumstances, the temperature at each position of the heating section of the heating component needs to be approximately the same to ensure that the tie rod bolt is heated evenly. That is, the temperature detection values ​​of each temperature sensor need to be approximately the same. If the temperature detection values ​​of each temperature sensor differ significantly, it indicates that the temperature at each position in the central blind hole differs significantly, and the heating temperature at different positions of the tie rod bolt is different. When the tie rod bolt is heated by the heating component in this case, it may cause uneven heating of the tie rod bolt, which will affect the preload of the tie rod bolt. Therefore, it can be determined that the heating component is abnormal.

[0084] Therefore, in this embodiment, the main control module can calculate the difference between the temperature detection values ​​of any two temperature sensors on the same heating component in real time, and compare the difference between the temperature detection values ​​of any two temperature sensors with a preset temperature difference range. If the difference between the temperature detection values ​​of any two temperature sensors is within the preset temperature difference range, it indicates that the temperature is uniform at all positions within the central blind hole, and the tie rod bolt can be uniformly heated at all positions. If the difference between the temperature detection values ​​of any two temperature sensors exceeds the preset temperature difference range, it indicates that the tie rod bolt is not heated evenly at the positions corresponding to the two temperature sensors, and it can be determined that the heating component is abnormal, and it is necessary to stop repairing the heating component or replace it with a new heating component.

[0085] In this embodiment, after each tie rod bolt has achieved a preset target elongation, the final elongation of each tie rod bolt, the temperature at which the target elongation is achieved, and the total heating time can also be recorded. After tightening, the final tightening torque and final tightening angle of each tie rod bolt can also be recorded for subsequent use.

[0086] In this embodiment, the installation system can be removed from the gas turbine after each tie rod bolt has cooled down.

[0087] The gas turbine rotor installation method in this application embodiment can ensure that each tie rod bolt is heated synchronously and elongated to the target elongation at approximately the same rate. It can also tighten each tie rod bolt synchronously with the same torque and tightening angle. Therefore, the axial preload generated by each tie rod bolt can be not only approximately the same but also relatively precise.

[0088] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the inventive concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An installation system for a gas turbine rotor, the turbine rotor comprising a turbine shaft (1), a plurality of turbine disks, and a plurality of tie rod bolts (6), wherein the turbine shaft (1) and each of the turbine disks are connected axially along the turbine rotor by the tie rod bolts (6), characterized in that, The installation system includes: Mounting bracket (13) is used to fix the gas turbine casing (14) in place; Multiple screwing assemblies corresponding to each of the tie rod bolts (6) are installed on the mounting bracket (13), and each screwing assembly is used to screw the corresponding tie rod bolt (6). Multiple heating components (5) are provided, each corresponding to one of the tie rod bolts (6). Each heating component (5) is mounted on the mounting bracket (13). Each heating component (5) extends into the central blind hole of the corresponding tie rod bolt (6). Each heating component (5) is provided with a displacement sensor (7) at one end facing the bottom of the corresponding central blind hole. The displacement sensor (7) is used to detect the axial elongation of the corresponding tie rod bolt (6). Central integrated controller (12), including: A servo driver, electrically connected to each of the aforementioned screwing components, is used to control the screwing of each screwing component; A temperature control module is electrically connected to each of the heating components (5) and is used to adjust the temperature of each heating component (5); The data acquisition module is electrically connected to each of the displacement sensors (7) and is used to acquire the axial elongation detected by each displacement sensor (7); The main control module is electrically connected to the servo driver, the temperature control module, and the data acquisition module. The main control module is used to control the servo driver, the temperature control module, and the data acquisition module.

2. The gas turbine rotor mounting system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (13) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes (15), and each mounting hole (15) is coaxial with each tie rod bolt (6); Each screwing assembly includes a housing (10), a screwdriver, and a sleeve (9). The housing (10) is mounted on the mounting bracket (13). The screwdriver is located inside the housing (10). The signal input terminal of the screwdriver is electrically connected to the servo driver. The torque output terminal of the screwdriver is connected to the sleeve (9) in a transmission manner. The sleeve (9) passes through the corresponding mounting hole (15) and forms a transmission connection with the corresponding tie rod bolt (6).

3. The gas turbine rotor mounting system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each screwing assembly also includes: The first stop block (11) and the second stop block (19) are both provided on the mounting bracket (13), and in the circumferential direction of the turbine shaft (1), the first stop block (11) and the second stop block (19) are located on both sides of the housing (10) of their corresponding screwing assembly to fix the screwing assembly.

4. The gas turbine rotor mounting system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each sleeve (9) is provided with a central through hole (16), and the central through hole (16) of each sleeve (9) is coaxial with the central blind hole of the corresponding tie rod bolt (6); One end of the heating component (5) corresponding to each tie rod bolt (6) is inserted into the central blind hole of the tie rod bolt (6) through the central through hole (16) of the sleeve (9) corresponding to the tie rod bolt (6), and the other end is located on the housing (10) of the screwing component corresponding to the tie rod bolt (6).

5. The gas turbine rotor mounting system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Each screw assembly housing (10) has a countersunk hole (17) on its outer side wall, the countersunk hole (17) being connected to and coaxial with the central through hole (16) of the corresponding sleeve (9); One end of each heating component (5) passes through the corresponding countersunk hole (17) and the central through hole (16) and extends into the corresponding central blind hole. The other end of each heating component (5) is provided with a fixing block (8), which is fixed in the stepped hole (18) of the corresponding countersunk hole (17).

6. The gas turbine rotor mounting system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The outer sidewall of each of the fixed blocks (8) is a non-circular structure, and the inner sidewall of each of the stepped holes (18) is adapted to the outer sidewall of the corresponding fixed block (8) to limit the circumferential position of each fixed block (8).

7. The gas turbine rotor mounting system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each heating component (5) is provided with multiple temperature sensors. The temperature sensors on the same heating component (5) are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the heating component (5) in which they are located, and each temperature sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition module.

8. A method for installing a gas turbine rotor, applied to the gas turbine rotor installation system as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The installation method includes: Based on the temperature control module, each heating component is started synchronously according to the preset target temperature and preset heating rate; Based on the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt collected in real time by the data acquisition module; Once the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt reaches the target axial elongation, the servo driver synchronously starts each screwing component to screw the corresponding tie rod bolt according to the preset torque and preset screwing angle. After tightening, each tie rod bolt is kept warm according to the preset heat preservation time based on each heating component; After the heat preservation time is reached, all heating components are turned off simultaneously to allow each tie rod bolt to cool naturally.

9. The method for installing a gas turbine rotor as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After activating each heating component simultaneously, the installation method further includes: Determine the average axial elongation of each tie rod bolt according to the preset cycle; By comparing the difference between the axial elongation of each tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation, if the difference between the axial elongation of any tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation exceeds a preset error range, and the axial elongation of that tie rod bolt is less than the average axial elongation, then the heating power of the heating component corresponding to that tie rod bolt is increased; if the difference between the axial elongation of any tie rod bolt and the average axial elongation exceeds a preset error range, and the axial elongation of that tie rod bolt is greater than the average axial elongation, then the heating power of the heating component corresponding to that tie rod bolt is decreased.

10. The method for installing a gas turbine rotor as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After activating each heating component simultaneously, the installation method further includes: Based on the real-time detection values ​​of each temperature sensor on each heating component, the real-time temperature at different locations on the same heating component is determined. Based on the real-time temperature at different locations on each heating element, determine the real-time temperature difference between different locations on each heating element; If the real-time temperature difference between any two locations in any heating component exceeds the preset temperature difference range, the heating component is determined to be abnormal.

Images