An experimental apparatus and method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS.

Abstract

This invention provides an experimental apparatus and method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS (Gas Insulator System). The apparatus includes: a transparent outer shell with a sealed cavity inside, housing an insulator, a central conductor, and metal particles simulating a GIS device; a grounded transparent conductive film disposed on the inner wall of the transparent outer shell; a laser heater disposed outside the transparent outer shell; the laser heater emits a laser beam to the central conductor to heat it; a vibration generator connected to the outer wall of the transparent outer shell to drive the transparent outer shell to vibrate, simulating vibration conditions; and a gas conditioning device connected to the sealed cavity to extract gas from the sealed cavity and introduce insulating gas from the GIS device to regulate the gas environment. This invention provides an experimental apparatus and method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, which can solve the problems of heat generation simulation distortion, limited observation, and lack of vibration condition simulation in observation platforms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal particle motion simulation technology, and in particular to an experimental apparatus and method for simulating the motion of metal particles inside a GIS. Background Technology

[0002] During the production, installation, and operation of GIS (Gas-Insulated Switchgear), metal particles are generated. These metal particles are prone to partial discharge or even insulation breakdown under the influence of an electric field. Such insulation faults account for one-third of all faults and seriously threaten equipment safety. Therefore, studying the movement law of metal particles under complex operating conditions is crucial for GIS insulation design, condition monitoring, and fault early warning.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies mainly rely on experimental observation platforms to simulate the movement of metal particles inside GIS. For example, they use methods such as wrapping the outer wall with heating belts or injecting hot oil into guide rods to simulate conductor heating. The observation structures typically use metal cavities, fully transparent plexiglass sleeves, or sealed cavities combined with conductive films on the inner wall. Furthermore, most experiments assume the cavity is stationary. The shortcomings of these methods include: 1. Heating belts simulate heating that differs significantly from actual working conditions, failing to accurately reflect the force-induced motion characteristics of the particles; hot oil injection heating presents challenges in insulation design and is prone to leakage. 2. The observation cavities have significant defects: metal cavities have blind spots, and fully transparent plexiglass sleeves cause electric field distortion. 3. Existing experimental platforms generally neglect the crucial factor of mechanical vibration, failing to accurately simulate the take-off and migration patterns of particles in actual GIS.

[0004] There are currently no effective solutions to the problems of distorted heat simulation, limited observation, and lack of vibration condition simulation in the observation platforms of related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an experimental apparatus and method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, which at least solves the problems of heat generation simulation distortion, observation limitations, and lack of vibration simulation in observation platforms.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides an experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS (Gas Insulator Equipment). The apparatus includes: a transparent outer shell with a sealed cavity inside, wherein an insulator, a central conductor, and metal particles simulating a GIS device are installed within the sealed cavity; the insulator is fitted onto the outer wall of the central conductor and fixedly connected to the transparent outer shell; one end of the central conductor passes through the transparent outer shell in a sealed manner and is connected to a transformer; a grounded transparent conductive film is disposed on the inner wall of the transparent outer shell; a laser heater is disposed outside the transparent outer shell; the emitting end of the laser heater faces the central conductor and is used to emit a laser beam to heat the central conductor; a vibration generator is disposed outside the transparent outer shell, and the vibration output end of the vibration generator is connected to the outer wall of the transparent outer shell to drive the transparent outer shell to vibrate, simulating vibration conditions; and a gas conditioning device is disposed outside the transparent outer shell; the gas conditioning device is connected to the sealed cavity and is used to extract gas from the sealed cavity and input the insulating gas of the GIS device into the sealed cavity to regulate the gas environment of the sealed cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the device further includes: an infrared temperature measuring device disposed on the laser heater for collecting the temperature signal of the central conductor; and a controller connected to the laser heater and the infrared temperature measuring device for adjusting the heating temperature of the laser heater based on the temperature signal collected by the infrared temperature measuring device.

[0009] Preferably, the center conductor includes a heating section and a connecting section connected to each other; the heating section and the connecting section are respectively located on both sides of the insulator; one end of the connecting section is inserted into the mounting hole of the insulator and is fixedly connected to one end of the heating section; the heating section is located on the side of the center conductor closer to the laser heater; the outer surface of the heating section is provided with an optical thin film for absorbing laser light.

[0010] Preferably, the gas regulating device includes: a vacuum pump, a gas cylinder, and a pressure gauge; the inlet of the vacuum pump is connected to one end of a first pipe, and the other end of the first pipe is sealed through the transparent outer shell and extends into the interior of the sealed cavity; the gas cylinder contains insulating gas for GIS equipment, and the cylinder opening is connected to the first pipe through a second pipe; both the first pipe and the second pipe are equipped with regulating valves; the pressure gauge is mounted on the transparent outer shell, and the sensing end of the pressure gauge is sealed through the side wall of the transparent outer shell and extends into the interior of the sealed cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the device further includes a silencer; the silencer is disposed at one end of the first pipe that extends into the interior of the sealed cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the transparent outer shell includes: a first transparent cylinder, a second transparent cylinder, a transparent cover plate, and a sealing cover plate; a first end of the first transparent cylinder and a first end of the second transparent cylinder are fixedly connected by a metal flange; an insulator is fixed between the first transparent cylinder and the second transparent cylinder, and a groove matching the shape of the insulator and a first sealing ring are provided at the first end of the first transparent cylinder or the first end of the second transparent cylinder; the transparent cover plate is sealed to the second end of the first transparent cylinder; the sealing cover plate is sealed to the second end of the second transparent cylinder; a sealed cavity is formed between the transparent cover plate, the first transparent cylinder, the second transparent cylinder, and the sealing cover plate; a transparent conductive film is provided on the inner wall of both the first transparent cylinder and the second transparent cylinder, and the transparent conductive film located in both the first transparent cylinder and the second transparent cylinder is electrically connected to the metal flange.

[0013] Preferably, the device further includes: a first conductive connection structure and a second conductive connection structure; the first conductive connection structure is disposed inside the first transparent cylinder and electrically connected to a transparent conductive film disposed on the inner wall of the first transparent cylinder; the second conductive connection structure is disposed inside the second transparent cylinder and electrically connected to the transparent conductive film disposed on the inner wall of the second transparent cylinder and the sealing cover plate; the sealing cover plate is made of metal, and the outside of the sealing cover plate is connected to the ground through a grounding terminal.

[0014] Preferably, the device further includes an insulating sleeve; the insulating sleeve passes through the central hole of the sealing cover and is sealed to the sealing cover; an electrode is sealed to one end of the insulating sleeve extending to the outside of the transparent housing; the electrode is connected to the transformer; one end of the central conductor passes through the insulating sleeve and is connected to the electrode.

[0015] Preferably, the insulator is a scaled-down insulator used to simulate the GIS equipment, and the shape and size of the center conductor are adapted to the insulator; the axis of the center conductor coincides with the axis of the transparent shell.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides an experimental method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, applied to the aforementioned experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS. The method includes: evacuating the gas from the sealed cavity using the gas conditioning device and filling the sealed cavity with the insulating gas of the GIS device to configure the gas environment inside the sealed cavity; after the gas environment is configured, emitting a laser to the central conductor using a laser heater to heat the central conductor to a preset temperature and maintaining it; at the preset temperature, applying a voltage to the central conductor at a set speed using a transformer until the set voltage value is reached, then activating the vibration generator to drive the transparent shell to vibrate, simulating the vibration conditions of the GIS device; and acquiring images of the movement state of the metal particles inside the sealed cavity in real time using a camera to observe the movement state of the metal particles in the GIS device.

[0017] Preferably, the gas environment within the sealed cavity is configured by evacuating the gas from the sealed cavity using the gas regulating device and filling the sealed cavity with the insulating gas of the GIS device, including: evacuating the gas from the sealed cavity using the gas regulating device until the gas pressure within the sealed cavity reaches a preset first pressure value; at the first pressure value, filling the sealed cavity with the insulating gas of the GIS device using the gas regulating device until the gas pressure within the sealed cavity reaches a preset second pressure value; repeating the process of evacuating the gas from the sealed cavity to the first pressure value and filling the sealed cavity with the insulating gas to the second pressure value until a set number of times is reached, and then continuing to fill the sealed cavity with the insulating gas to a third pressure value to configure the gas environment within the sealed cavity; wherein the set number of times is between 3 and 6.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] This invention provides an experimental apparatus and method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS (Gas-Insulated Structure). By using a transparent outer shell with a sealed cavity, the movement of metal particles can be observed from all angles, overcoming the limitation of observation. Insulators, a central conductor, and metal particles are arranged within the sealed cavity to recreate the actual internal structure of the GIS. A grounded transparent conductive film is placed on the inner wall of the transparent outer shell to accurately reproduce the electric field distribution within the GIS cavity. Non-contact heating of the central conductor using a laser heater ensures the integrity of the cavity seal, simplifies insulation design, and allows for precise temperature control, closely matching the actual heating characteristics of the central conductor after current carrying in a GIS, avoiding uneven temperature distribution and heating simulation deviations caused by contact heating, thus realistically simulating the heating conditions of GIS equipment. A vibration generator drives the transparent outer shell to vibrate, compensating for the lack of vibration simulation. A gas conditioning device fills the sealed cavity with a GIS-specific insulating gas, recreating a realistic gas environment. Finally, a transformer adjusts the voltage of the central conductor, driving the metal particles to generate realistic movement, completing the simulation experiment. This invention can solve the problems of distorted heating simulation, limited observation, and lack of vibration condition simulation in related technologies, and provides accurate and reliable experimental support for the study of insulation defects of metal particles in GIS equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an experimental device for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of an experimental device for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of an experimental method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Transparent outer shell; 101. First transparent cylinder; 102. Second transparent cylinder; 103. Sealed cavity; 2. Vibration generator; 3. Transparent conductive film; 4. Conductive connection structure; 5. Sealing cover plate; 6. Insulating sleeve; 7. Electrode; 8. Center conductor; 9. Insulator; 10. Vacuum pump; 11. First pipe; 12. Second pipe; 13. Gas cylinder; 14. Silencer; 15. Controller; 16. Laser heater; 17. Pressure gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] To address the issues of distorted heat simulation, limited observation, and lack of vibration simulation in related technologies, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus and method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS.

[0028] Among them, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides an experimental device for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS. The device includes: a transparent shell 1, a laser heater 16, a vibration generator 2, and a gas conditioning device.

[0029] The transparent outer shell 1 has a sealed cavity 103 inside, and the insulator 9, the center conductor 8 and metal particles of the simulated GIS equipment are installed in the sealed cavity 103. The insulator 9 is sleeved on the outer wall of the center conductor 8 and fixedly connected to the transparent outer shell 1. One end of the center conductor 8 passes through the transparent outer shell 1 and is connected to the transformer. The inner wall of the transparent outer shell 1 is provided with a grounded transparent conductive film 3.

[0030] The laser heater 16 is disposed outside the transparent housing 1; the emitting end of the laser heater 16 faces the center conductor 8 and is used to emit laser light to the center conductor 8 to heat the center conductor 8.

[0031] Vibration generator 2 is located outside the transparent housing 1, and the vibration output end of vibration generator 2 is connected to the outer wall of transparent housing 1 to drive the transparent housing 1 to vibrate and simulate vibration conditions. Vibration generator 2 is connected to a matching vibration controller, which can be a programmable vibration controller or a digital intelligent vibration measurement and control device, capable of controlling the triggering method of vibration generator 2 and parameters such as vibration frequency, amplitude, vibration duration, and vibration intensity.

[0032] A gas conditioning device is installed outside the transparent housing 1; the gas conditioning device is connected to the sealed cavity 103 and is used to extract the gas in the sealed cavity 103 and input the insulating gas of the GIS equipment into the sealed cavity 103 to regulate the gas environment of the sealed cavity 103.

[0033] Furthermore, the insulator 9 is disposed within the sealed cavity 103 to fix the center conductor 8, preferably with the axis of the center conductor 8 coinciding with that of the transparent outer shell 1. The insulator 9 can be a type of insulator 9 adapted to the GIS structure, such as a post insulator 9 or a basin insulator 9. It can be a proportional insulator 9 consistent with the actual size of the GIS, or a scaled-down insulator 9 to accurately reproduce the electric field distribution and structural support characteristics around the insulator 9, avoiding electric field distortion caused by size mismatch.

[0034] Metal particles generally refer to metallic particles ranging in size from a few micrometers to several millimeters. These particles are generated by factors such as mechanical cutting during the assembly and processing of GIS equipment, friction and wear of internal components, metal spalling caused by electrodynamic impact, and partial discharge ablation. They typically include aluminum particles, copper particles, steel particles, and silver particles.

[0035] The center conductor 8 refers to the current-carrying conductive component inside the GIS equipment used to transmit electrical current. It can be a proportional solid component or a scaled-down component, adapted to the size of the insulator 9. By setting the center conductor 8 and the insulator 9 together, the center conductor 8 and the transparent shell 1 can be coaxially positioned and installed, accurately replicating the internal electrode structure and electric field distribution of the GIS, providing a reliable structural and electric field basis for simulating the motion of metal particles in a real electric field environment.

[0036] The sealing of one end of the center conductor 8 through the transparent shell 1 means that one end of the center conductor 8 passes through the wall of the transparent shell 1, and a sealing insulation structure is provided at the penetration position between the center conductor 8 and the transparent shell 1.

[0037] The transparent conductive film 3 is a thin film structure that is attached to the inner wall of the transparent shell 1 and has both light transmittance and conductivity. It can be made of materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO).

[0038] The preferred embodiment of the present invention is a transparent conductive film 3 made of indium tin oxide (ITO), which can form a uniform and stable grounded equipotential surface while ensuring the transparency of the transparent shell 1, accurately reproduce the electric field distribution inside the GIS, avoid electric field distortion, and provide a real electric field environment for simulating the movement of metal particles.

[0039] To achieve grounding of the transparent conductive film 3 without affecting the sealing performance of the sealed cavity 103, embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by setting lead-out electrodes at the edge of the transparent conductive film 3 and directly leading them to the outside of the cavity for grounding using a through-wall sealing lead; or by electrically connecting the transparent conductive film 3 to a pre-set conductive structure in the transparent outer shell 1, with grounding achieved through an external grounding terminal via this conductive structure, eliminating the need for additional through-wall lead holes. Both methods can construct a stable grounding equipotential surface without compromising the sealing performance of the sealed cavity 103 and preventing leakage of insulating gas.

[0040] Laser heater 16 refers to a device that uses the directional energy characteristics of laser to achieve non-contact precision heating. It can be a semiconductor laser heating system, fiber-coupled laser heater 16, adjustable spot laser heating device, infrared laser precision temperature controller and other products.

[0041] When the laser heater 16 emits a laser towards the central conductor 8, the laser passes through the transparent shell 1 and is directed towards the surface of the central conductor 8. The laser energy is absorbed on the surface of the central conductor 8 and converted into heat energy, causing the surface temperature of the central conductor 8 to rise. The heat is diffused to the entire conductor through thermal conduction, thereby regulating the temperature of the central conductor 8.

[0042] Since the laser of the laser heater 16 can be precisely adjusted in terms of output power, irradiation time, spot size and focusing position through the controller 15, the temperature of the central conductor 8 can be precisely controlled. This can simulate the local overheating and overall temperature rise characteristics caused by Joule loss, eddy current effect and other factors during the operation of GIS equipment, thereby realistically simulating the heating situation of GIS equipment.

[0043] Vibration generator 2 refers to a drive device that can output vibration excitation with controllable frequency and amplitude. It can be an electromagnetic vibration table, a piezoelectric vibration generator 2, a pneumatic vibrator, a variable frequency vibration motor, or other products.

[0044] Furthermore, to ensure the stability and accuracy of vibration condition simulation and to adapt to the controllable frequency and amplitude output characteristics of the vibration generator, the vibration output end of the vibration generator 2 is rigidly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transparent shell 1; this ensures that the transparent shell 1 and the vibration output end of the vibration generator 2 maintain synchronized vibration with the same frequency and amplitude, ensuring complete transmission of vibration energy, allowing the sealed cavity and internal components to form a vibration response that matches the actual working conditions, and accurately achieving the simulation effect of vibration conditions of GIS equipment.

[0045] Rigid fixed connection methods may include any one or more combinations of bolt flange fastening, direct screw fastening, high-strength structural adhesive bonding, ring clamping, rigid pressure plate pressing, and interference fit.

[0046] When the vibration generator 2 is started, it can drive the transparent shell 1 to vibrate based on the principles of electromagnetic excitation, piezoelectric inverse effect or pneumatic excitation. Through vibration transmission, the sealed cavity 103 and internal components produce a vibration response that matches the actual working conditions, thereby simulating the vibration conditions of GIS equipment.

[0047] Gas conditioning equipment refers to experimental equipment used to regulate the gas composition, pressure, and vacuum level inside a sealed cavity 103. It generally includes components such as a vacuum pump 10, a gas cylinder 13 containing insulating gas, a pressure reducing valve, a pressure gauge, and a sealed gas pipeline. The pressure gauge can be directly mounted on the transparent housing 1 or the sealed gas pipeline to monitor the gas pressure and vacuum level inside the sealed cavity 103 in real time. The sealed gas pipeline passes through the transparent housing 1 and connects to the inside of the sealed cavity 103. This pipeline is divided into two branches: one branch connects to the vacuum pump 10, and the other branch connects sequentially to the pressure reducing valve and the gas cylinder 13. All connections and penetrations of the pipeline are sealed with sealing joints to ensure the overall airtightness of the gas path.

[0048] The gas conditioning equipment can remove the air from the sealed cavity 103 through the vacuum pump 10 and introduce the insulating gas of the GIS equipment into the sealed cavity 103 through the gas cylinder 13, thereby regulating the gas environment inside the sealed cavity 103.

[0049] The experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS provided by the embodiments of the present invention achieves full-view observation of the movement of metal particles by setting a transparent shell 1 with a sealed cavity 103, thus solving the problem of limited observation; by arranging insulators 9, a central conductor 8 and metal particles inside the sealed cavity 103, the actual internal structure of the GIS is restored; and by setting a grounded transparent conductive film 3 on the inner wall of the transparent shell 1, the electric field distribution inside the GIS cavity is accurately reproduced.

[0050] Furthermore, the present invention uses a laser heater 16 to heat the center conductor 8 in a non-contact manner, which can ensure the integrity of the cavity seal, simplify the insulation design, and at the same time, laser heating can achieve precise temperature control, which can conform to the actual heating law of the center conductor 8 after current carrying in the GIS, avoiding problems such as uneven temperature distribution and heating simulation deviation caused by contact heating, and can realistically simulate the heating situation of GIS equipment.

[0051] Furthermore, this invention uses a vibration generator 2 to drive the transparent shell 1 to vibrate, thus compensating for the lack of vibration condition simulation; it uses a gas regulating device to fill the sealed cavity 103 with GIS-specific insulating gas to restore a real gas environment; and finally, it uses a transformer to adjust the voltage of the central conductor 8 to drive the metal particles to generate real motion, thus completing the simulation experiment. This solves the problems of distorted heating simulation, limited observation, and lack of vibration condition simulation in related technologies, providing accurate and reliable experimental support for the study of insulation defects of metal particles in GIS equipment.

[0052] Furthermore, the device provided in the embodiments of the present invention preferably further includes: an infrared temperature measuring device disposed on the laser heater 16 for collecting the temperature signal of the center conductor 8; and a controller 15 connected to the laser heater 16 and the infrared temperature measuring device for adjusting the heating temperature of the laser heater 16 based on the temperature signal collected by the infrared temperature measuring device.

[0053] The infrared temperature measuring device can be an infrared thermometer or an infrared thermal imager. Based on the principle of infrared radiation temperature measurement, it can receive the infrared energy radiated outward from the surface of the central conductor 8. This infrared radiation can penetrate the transparent shell 1 and be received by the device and converted into an electrical signal, thereby non-contactly collecting the temperature signal of the central conductor 8.

[0054] The controller 15 can be a microcontroller, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), or an embedded industrial computer. Based on the closed-loop feedback control principle, it can receive the temperature signal transmitted by the infrared temperature measuring device, compare and calculate the real-time temperature with the preset target temperature, and adjust the laser output power and irradiation time of the laser heater 16 according to the temperature deviation, thereby adjusting the laser heating intensity.

[0055] The device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, based on an infrared temperature measuring device and a controller 15, can realize non-contact real-time monitoring and closed-loop precise control of the temperature of the central conductor 8, automatically correct heating deviations, stably simulate the heating state of the central conductor 8 during operation of the GIS equipment, and greatly improve the accuracy and stability of experimental temperature control.

[0056] Furthermore, the laser heater 16 is preferably arranged on one side of the transparent housing 1 and coaxially with the central conductor 8. The laser emitted by the laser heater 16 passes through the transparent housing 1 and is directed perpendicularly to one end of the central conductor 8. The controller 15 adjusts the size of the projection of the laser emitted by the laser heater 16 onto the end face perpendicular to the central conductor 8 to match the size of the end face, ensuring that the laser energy uniformly covers the end face of the central conductor 8, achieving uniform heating and accurately simulating the heating conditions of the GIS conductor.

[0057] Furthermore, the insulator 9 is made of insulating material and has a centrally symmetrical structure with inner and outer flanges. Both inner and outer flanges are made of aluminum. The center conductor 8 is made of aluminum and has a cylindrical structure with chamfered ends and a polished surface to reduce distortion of the local electric field.

[0058] Furthermore, the device provided in the present invention is preferably a central conductor 8 comprising a heating section and a connecting section connected to each other; the heating section and the connecting section are respectively located on both sides of the insulator 9; one end of the connecting section is inserted into the mounting hole of the insulator 9 and is fixedly connected to one end of the heating section; the heating section is located on the side of the central conductor 8 near the laser heater 16; the outer surface of the heating section is provided with an optical thin film for absorbing laser light.

[0059] One end of the connecting section is provided with a boss, which can be inserted into the mounting hole of the inner flange of the insulator 9. The height of the boss is equal to the height of the inner flange of the insulator 9. A bolt is provided at the top of the boss, which mates with the threaded hole at the end of the heating section to achieve reliable fixing and electrical connection between the connecting section and the heating section. The connecting section can be designed with different lengths to accommodate insulators 9 of different types and orientations.

[0060] The optical thin film can be made of materials such as silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide, with silicon dioxide being the preferred material in this invention embodiment. Based on the principles of optical thin film interference antireflection and laser energy absorption, this type of material can absorb laser light, thereby reducing laser reflectivity, enhancing the energy absorption efficiency of the central conductor 8, and ultimately improving laser heating efficiency and temperature control accuracy.

[0061] The device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, by setting the central conductor 8 as a heating section and a connecting section respectively disposed on both sides of the insulator 9, and using the connecting section to cooperate with the mounting holes of the insulator 9 to achieve fixed installation, can isolate the heat of the heating section from being conducted to the insulator 9 and the connecting sealing part, thus protecting the insulation performance of the insulator 9 and the cavity sealing structure; by setting an optical thin film on the outer surface of the heating section near the laser heater 16, it can absorb laser light, reduce laser reflectivity, improve the absorption efficiency of laser energy by the central conductor 8, and optimize the heating effect.

[0062] Furthermore, the gas regulating device of the above-mentioned apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present invention preferably includes: a vacuum pump 10, a gas cylinder 13, and a pressure gauge 17; the inlet of the vacuum pump 10 is connected to one end of the first pipe 11, and the other end of the first pipe 11 is sealed through the transparent outer shell 1 and extends into the interior of the sealed cavity 103; the gas cylinder 13 is filled with insulating gas for GIS equipment, and the bottle opening of the gas cylinder 13 is connected to the first pipe 11 through the second pipe 12; both the first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 are provided with regulating valves; the pressure gauge 17 is disposed on the transparent outer shell 1, and the detection end of the pressure gauge 17 is sealed through the side wall of the transparent outer shell 1 and extends into the interior of the sealed cavity 103.

[0063] Both the first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 are sealed gas pipelines. Regulating valves are installed at both ends of the first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12. The regulating valve on the first pipe 11, closer to the gas cylinder 13, can achieve pipeline sealing and blockage, and flexibly adjust the opening and closing of the filling passage and the flow rate. The regulating valve on the first pipe 11, further away from the gas cylinder 13, is located outside the transparent outer shell 1 and can control the connection and isolation between the sealed cavity 103 and the external gas path, maintaining the stability of the sealed environment inside the cavity. The regulating valve on the second pipe 12 can independently control the opening and closing of the gas cylinder 13 and the gas output flow rate, preventing unnecessary loss of insulating gas.

[0064] The insulating gas for GIS equipment can be sulfur fluoride (SF6), a mixture of SF6 and nitrogen, or dry compressed nitrogen.

[0065] Gas cylinder 13 is used to store insulating gas. It can be made of alloy steel or carbon steel. In this embodiment of the invention, it is preferably made of steel, which can withstand high-pressure gas and ensure the safe and reliable storage and transportation of insulating gas.

[0066] The device provided in the embodiments of the present invention can independently control the pumping and filling circuits by setting up a first pipe 11 and a second pipe 12 with a regulating valve, and realize flexible switching between the vacuuming and filling processes; by setting up a gas cylinder 13 and a vacuum pump 10, the vacuuming and insulating gas filling operations of the sealed cavity 103 can be completed, simulating a real GIS gas environment; by setting up a pressure gauge 17, the internal pressure of the sealed cavity 103 can be monitored in real time, providing intuitive data support for gas regulation.

[0067] Furthermore, the device provided in the embodiments of the present invention preferably also includes a muffler 14; the muffler 14 is disposed at one end of the first pipe 11 that extends into the interior of the sealed cavity 103.

[0068] The silencer 14 typically has multiple loosely arranged micropores, presenting a honeycomb structure, which can reduce the flow rate and turbulence of the gas in the cavity during inflation, and weaken the impact of airflow impact and airflow disturbance on the pre-placed metal particles.

[0069] Further, the transparent outer shell 1 of the device provided in the embodiment of the present invention preferably includes: a first transparent cylinder 101, a second transparent cylinder 102, a transparent cover plate, and a sealing cover plate 5; the first end of the first transparent cylinder 101 and the first end of the second transparent cylinder 102 are fixedly connected by a metal flange; an insulator 9 is fixed between the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102, and the first end of the first transparent cylinder 101 or the first end of the second transparent cylinder 102 is provided with a groove matching the shape of the insulator 9, and a first sealing ring; the transparent cover plate is sealed to the second end of the first transparent cylinder 101; the sealing cover plate 5 is sealed to the second end of the second transparent cylinder 102; a sealed cavity 103 is formed between the transparent cover plate, the first transparent cylinder 101, the second transparent cylinder 102, and the sealing cover plate 5; a transparent conductive film 3 is provided on the inner wall of both the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102, and the transparent conductive film 3 located in both the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102 is electrically connected to the metal flange.

[0070] The transparent outer shell 1 is made of acrylic material. Both the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102 are cylindrical structures, exhibiting central symmetry, and are compatible with GIS equipment. The first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102 have the same inner diameter, and both ends of the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102 are provided with metal flanges, so that the two transparent cylinders can be fixed by connecting them with bolts through the metal flanges.

[0071] The first sealing ring is generally made of fluororubber. By setting the first sealing ring between the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder, the sealing reliability of the cylinder splicing part can be guaranteed, the overall pressure resistance of the sealing cavity 103 can be improved, and the leakage of internal insulating gas can be avoided.

[0072] Furthermore, the transparent cover plate and the sealing cover plate 5 are respectively matched to the dimensions of the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102, and are respectively fixedly connected to the metal flanges of the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102 by bolts. A second sealing ring is provided at the connection between the transparent cover plate and the first transparent cylinder 101, and a third sealing ring is provided between the second transparent cylinder 102 and the sealing cover plate 5, which can ensure the sealing effect and pressure bearing capacity of each connection end face, prevent external air from seeping in and internal gas from leaking out, and form a sealed cavity 103 between the transparent cover plate, the first transparent cylinder 101, the second transparent cylinder 102 and the sealing cover plate 5.

[0073] Furthermore, the transparent cover is made of quartz glass, which reduces losses caused by the laser beam passing through and facilitates observation of the movement of metal particles from the axial side. The sealing cover 5 is made of stainless steel, which facilitates grounding at the cavity end, while also improving structural strength and adapting to the installation and fixation of the central conductor 8.

[0074] The transparent conductive film 3 on the inner wall of the two transparent cylinders is electrically connected to the metal flange, so that when the two transparent cylinders are connected, the transparent conductive film 3 on both sides achieves equipotential connection, ensuring that the overall conductive layer potential is uniform.

[0075] The device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, by setting a transparent outer shell 1 including a first transparent cylinder 101, a second transparent cylinder 102, a transparent cover plate, and a sealing cover plate 5, can realize the segmented assembly of the cavity, which facilitates the assembly of the insulator 9 and the central conductor 8, while conforming to the structural form of the GIS equipment and taking into account the requirements of laser penetration and internal observation; by setting a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring, and a third sealing ring, the sealing performance and pressure resistance of the sealed cavity 103 can be guaranteed in all aspects, meeting the requirements of the simulated environment of high-voltage insulating gas; by electrically connecting the transparent conductive film 3 to the metal flange, reliable connection and unified grounding of the transparent conductive layer can be achieved, accurately simulating the electric field distribution of the GIS equipment outer shell.

[0076] Furthermore, the device provided in the embodiments of the present invention preferably further includes: a first conductive connection structure 4 and a second conductive connection structure 4; the first conductive connection structure 4 is disposed inside the first transparent cylinder 101 and is electrically connected to the transparent conductive film 3 disposed on the inner wall of the first transparent cylinder 101; the second conductive connection structure 4 is disposed inside the second transparent cylinder 102 and is electrically connected to the transparent conductive film 3 disposed on the inner wall of the second transparent cylinder 102 and the sealing cover plate 5; the sealing cover plate 5 is made of metal, and the outside of the sealing cover plate 5 is connected to the ground through a grounding terminal.

[0077] The first conductive connection structure 4 and the second conductive connection structure 4 are preferably made of conductive metal materials such as copper and stainless steel, and are respectively matched with the internal dimensions of the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102, so as to be able to fit tightly with the transparent conductive film 3 on the inner wall of the cylinder and achieve a stable and reliable electrical connection.

[0078] Furthermore, the first conductive connection structure 4 and the second conductive connection structure 4 are preferably made of copper foil, which can be closely attached to the inner wall of the transparent cylinder and the transparent conductive film 3 to achieve low resistance and reliable conductivity, forming a uniform equipotential surface.

[0079] The device provided in the embodiments of the present invention connects the transparent conductive film 3 on the inner wall of the first transparent cylinder 101 through the first conductive connection structure 4 and the transparent conductive film 3 on the inner wall of the second transparent cylinder 102 through the second conductive connection structure 4 and the metal sealing cover plate 5. Then, the sealing cover plate 5 is grounded by an external grounding terminal. This enables the transparent conductive film 3 on both transparent cylinders to be reliably grounded, forming a continuous and complete equipotential shielding surface. This achieves reliable electrical connection and protects the conductive film at the interface. At the same time, the internal electrodes can be led out of the cavity to achieve overall grounding.

[0080] Furthermore, the device provided in the embodiments of the present invention preferably further includes an insulating sleeve 6; the insulating sleeve 6 passes through the central hole of the sealing cover plate 5 and is sealed to the sealing cover plate 5; an electrode 7 is sealed to one end of the insulating sleeve 6 extending to the outside of the transparent outer shell 1; the electrode 7 is connected to the transformer; one end of the central conductor 8 passes through the insulating sleeve 6 and is connected to the electrode 7.

[0081] The insulating sleeve 6 can be made of insulating materials with high voltage resistance and excellent sealing performance, such as epoxy resin, high-frequency ceramics, silicone rubber, and polyphenylene sulfide, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene. The insulating sleeve 6 has a centrally symmetrical structure and can pass through the sealing cover plate 5 to achieve reliable electrical insulation between the central conductor 8 and the electrode 7. While ensuring sealing and insulation, the experimental voltage can be introduced into the sealed cavity 103 through the electrode 7.

[0082] Electrode 7 can be a solid metal sphere or a hollow metal cover. Its surface electric field distribution is uniform, which can effectively avoid the phenomena of tip discharge and corona discharge, and ensure the stability of the high voltage electric field environment in the sealed cavity, reduce the risk of partial discharge, and ensure that the experimental voltage is introduced into the sealed cavity stably and reliably.

[0083] Furthermore, an electrode post is coaxially arranged inside the insulating sleeve 6, and the electrode post is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insulating sleeve 6. One end of the electrode post is electrically connected to the electrode 7, and the other end is provided with a threaded hole. The end of the connecting section of the center conductor 8 away from the heating section is provided with an external thread that mates with the threaded hole. By passing the connecting section of the center conductor 8 through the insulating sleeve and screwing it into the threaded hole of the electrode post, a threaded connection is achieved, thereby forming a stable and reliable electrical connection between the center conductor 8 and the electrode 7, ensuring assembly accuracy and conductivity stability. The electrode 7 is preferably a voltage equalizing electrode and is made of aluminum, which can achieve the equalization of the local electric field and prevent discharge.

[0084] The device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, by setting an insulating sleeve 6 to isolate the central conductor 8 from the sealing cover plate 5, and connecting the transformer with an aluminum equalizing electrode 7, can safely introduce experimental voltage while ensuring the sealing and insulation of the cavity, and at the same time uniformize the local electric field to prevent partial discharge.

[0085] Furthermore, the insulating sleeve 6 is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which has the advantages of being easy to process, having good insulation performance, and being relatively inexpensive. The portion of the insulating sleeve 6 extending to the outside of the transparent outer shell 1 preferably has a corrugated structure, which can increase the surface distance of the insulating sleeve 6, improve the flashover voltage, and reduce the design size.

[0086] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned device provided by the present invention, the insulator 9 is preferably a scaled-down insulator 9 for simulating GIS equipment. The shape and size of the center conductor 8 are adapted to the insulator 9. The axis of the center conductor 8 coincides with the axis of the transparent shell 1, which can form an axisymmetric uniform electric field, avoid electric field distortion, accurately restore the electric field distribution inside the GIS equipment, and improve the simulation accuracy and test reliability of the scaled-down simulation experiment.

[0087] The present invention also provides an experimental method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, applied to the experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS as described in the above embodiments. The method includes the following steps S1 to S4.

[0088] Step S1: The gas inside the sealed cavity 103 is removed by a gas conditioning device, and the insulating gas of the GIS device is introduced into the sealed cavity 103 to configure the gas environment inside the sealed cavity 103.

[0089] Step S2: After the gas environment is configured, a laser is emitted to the center conductor 8 through the laser heater 16 to heat the center conductor 8 to a preset temperature and maintain it.

[0090] Step S3: At a preset temperature, voltage is applied to the central conductor 8 at a set speed through a transformer until the set voltage value is reached. Then, the vibration generator 2 is started to drive the transparent shell 1 to vibrate, simulating the vibration condition of the GIS equipment.

[0091] Step S4: The motion state of the metal particles in the sealed cavity 103 is captured in real time by a camera to observe the motion state of the metal particles in the GIS equipment.

[0092] The preset temperature can be set according to the actual operating current-carrying temperature rise of the central conductor 8 of the GIS equipment. Within the range of 20℃ to 150℃, it can truly reproduce the conductor's working heating state and match the actual operating temperature conditions of the equipment.

[0093] The speed setting can be set according to the high-voltage electrical test voltage rise specifications and the withstand voltage requirements of GIS equipment, within the range of 0.5kV / s to 2kV / s, preferably 1kV / s. This can avoid sudden breakdown caused by excessively rapid voltage rise, ensure a stable experimental process, and facilitate the observation of particle movement.

[0094] The voltage value can be set according to the insulation withstand strength of the GIS scaled-down model, ranging from several kV to tens of kV, preferably 40 kV. This can accurately match the simulated electric field strength corresponding to the scaled-down model, conforming to the actual internal insulation operating conditions of GIS equipment, and providing a stable and realistic electric field environment for the observation of metal particle movement.

[0095] The specific implementation process of steps S1 to S4 above, as well as the corresponding device structure, can be referred to the experimental device for simulating the movement of metal particles inside GIS in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0096] The present invention provides an experimental method adapted to an experimental device for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, which can highly reproduce the combined operating conditions of temperature, air pressure, electric field, and vibration of GIS equipment, accurately obtain the movement law of metal particles, and improve the authenticity and reference value of experimental data.

[0097] Further, step S1 of the method provided in the embodiments of the present invention preferably includes: evacuating the gas in the sealed cavity 103 using a gas regulating device until the gas pressure in the sealed cavity 103 reaches a preset first gas pressure value; at the first gas pressure value, introducing insulating gas from the GIS device into the sealed cavity 103 using a gas regulating device until the gas pressure in the sealed cavity 103 reaches a preset second gas pressure value; repeating the process of evacuating the gas in the sealed cavity 103 to the first gas pressure value and introducing insulating gas to the second gas pressure value until a set number of times is reached, and continuing to introduce insulating gas into the sealed cavity 103 to a third gas pressure value to achieve the configuration of the gas environment in the sealed cavity 103; wherein the set number of times is between 3 and 6.

[0098] Through the repeated evacuation and refilling cycles described above, residual air, water vapor, and impurities in the sealed cavity 103 can be gradually expelled, preventing impurities from reducing the insulation performance of the insulating gas, ensuring that the purity of the gas inside the cavity is consistent with that of the actual GIS equipment, and guaranteeing the accuracy of the experiment.

[0099] If the number of repetitions is too few, the residual impurities in the cavity cannot be fully removed, and the gas purity will not meet the standard; if the number of repetitions is too many, the preparation time for the experiment will be greatly increased and the experimental efficiency will be reduced. Therefore, the present invention sets the number of repetitions to between 3 and 6 times, which can balance the impurity removal effect and the experimental efficiency.

[0100] The optimal number of times is 5, which can thoroughly remove residual impurities inside the cavity, ensuring that the purity of the insulating gas meets the experimental requirements, without excessively prolonging the pretreatment time, thus balancing the impurity removal effect and experimental efficiency.

[0101] Taking an epoxy resin-based basin insulator 9 with an inner diameter of 16 mm, an outer diameter of 94 mm, and a height of 34 mm as an example, the experimental process of using the experimental device and method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside GIS provided in the embodiments of this invention is as follows:

[0102] (1) Assembly of insulator 9 and arrangement of metal particles:

[0103] Pass the end of the connecting section of the center conductor 8 away from the heating section through the insulating sleeve 6 and screw it into the electrode post inside the insulating sleeve 6 to achieve a threaded connection, ensuring a firm connection between the center conductor and the electrode 7. Then, pre-place the metal particles inside the sealed cavity 103, below the center conductor 8, at a distance of 10mm from the groove between the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102. Insert the basin-type insulator 9 to be tested into the groove and the protrusion of the connecting section, ensuring proper installation. Then, screw the heating section of the center conductor 8 into the connecting section of the center conductor 8, ensuring that the center conductor 8 is coaxial with the sealed cavity 103 and firmly connected. After installation, use bolts to connect and tighten the metal flanges of the first transparent cylinder 101 and the second transparent cylinder 102.

[0104] (2) Gas environment conditioning:

[0105] Open the two regulating valves on the first pipe 11 and start the vacuum pump 10. Slowly extract the gas from the sealed cavity 103, observing the pressure gauge 17 until the reading drops to -0.0980 MPa and stabilizes. At this point, the gas pressure inside the sealed cavity is approximately 2 kPa. Close the regulating valve on the side of the first pipe 11 closest to the vacuum pump 10, then turn off the vacuum pump 10. Open the regulating valve on the second pipe 12 and slowly fill the sealed cavity 103 with SF6. Observe the pressure gauge 17 until the reading returns to zero. At this point, the gas pressure inside the sealed cavity 103 is 100 kPa. Close the regulating valve on the second pipe 12, start the vacuum pump 10, open the regulating valve on the side of the first pipe 11 closest to the vacuum pump 10, and re-extract the gas from the cavity to -0.0980 MPa. Then, repeat the same operation to fill the cavity with gas. After repeating this operation 5 times, it is considered that the remaining gas in the sealed cavity 103 has been cleaned. Continue filling the sealed cavity 103 with gas until the pressure gauge 17 reads 0.4000 MPa and stabilizes. At this point, the pressure inside the cavity is 0.5 MPa. Close all valves; the gas environment preparation is complete.

[0106] (3) Temperature control of center conductor 8:

[0107] Fix the laser heater 16 to the outside of the transparent housing 1 near the transparent cover plate, ensuring that the laser heater 16 is coaxially arranged with the central conductor 8. Start the controller 15 and fine-tune the laser beam width of the laser emitter so that the projection plane of the laser beam perpendicular to the end of the central conductor 8 is the same size as the heating surface of the central conductor 8. Set a suitable heating power on the laser heating controller 15, and simultaneously set the target temperature to 90°C. Once the temperature display on the laser heating controller 15 and the reading on the pressure gauge 17 stabilize, the heating of the central conductor 8 can be considered complete.

[0108] (4) Vibration control:

[0109] Connect the vibration generator 2 to the matching vibration controller, and set the triggering mode of the vibration generator 2 to manual triggering on the vibration controller.

[0110] (5) Voltage application to the center conductor 8 and the experimental procedure:

[0111] Connect electrode 7 to the transformer output terminal using a high-voltage insulated wire, and firmly ground the grounding terminal of the sealing cover 5. Place high-speed cameras on the front and sides of the sealed cavity 103 and connect them to the host computer. Observe the camera display screens to ensure accurate focus and clear field of view. After starting camera recording, rotate the transformer's voltage regulating table to steadily increase the applied AC voltage to 40kV at a rate of 1kV / s. Press the vibration controller to manually trigger the vibration of the transparent shell 1 and observe the movement of the metal particles. After the experiment, stop camera recording on the host computer, slowly rotate the voltage regulating table to gradually reduce the applied voltage to 0, and then disconnect the power supply to the voltage regulating table. Turn off the power to the laser heating controller 15 and the vibration controller, open the cavity vacuum valve, and slowly release the gas inside the cavity until the pressure gauge 17 reads zero. After the central conductor 8 cools to room temperature, open the cavity, unscrew the central conductor 8, remove the insulator 9, and clean the inside of the sealed cavity 103. Store all the components of the experimental setup in one place for future use.

[0112] It should be noted that the term "comprising" and its variations used in the embodiments of this invention are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". The modifications of "one" and "a plurality" mentioned in the embodiments of this invention are illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that unless explicitly indicated otherwise in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0113] The steps described in the method embodiments provided by the present invention can be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. Furthermore, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited in this respect.

[0114] The term "embodiment" in this specification refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment that may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily imply the same embodiment, nor does it imply independence or alternativeity from other embodiments. The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner, with reference to each other for similar or identical parts. In particular, for apparatus, device, and system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and relevant details are referred to in the description of the method embodiments.

[0115] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, characterized in that, The device includes: A transparent outer shell (1) has a sealed cavity (103) inside. An insulator (9), a central conductor (8), and metal particles of a simulated GIS device are installed in the sealed cavity (103). The insulator (9) is sleeved on the outer wall of the central conductor (8) and fixedly connected to the transparent outer shell (1). One end of the central conductor (8) passes through the transparent outer shell (1) and is connected to a transformer. A grounded transparent conductive film (3) is provided on the inner wall of the transparent outer shell (1). A laser heater (16) is disposed outside the transparent housing (1); the emitting end of the laser heater (16) faces the central conductor (8) and is used to emit laser light to the central conductor (8) to heat the central conductor (8). A vibration generator (2) is disposed outside the transparent shell (1), and the vibration output end of the vibration generator (2) is connected to the outer wall of the transparent shell (1) to drive the transparent shell (1) to vibrate and simulate vibration conditions. A gas conditioning device is disposed outside the transparent housing (1); the gas conditioning device is connected to the sealed cavity (103) and is used to extract the gas in the sealed cavity (103) and input the insulating gas of the GIS device into the sealed cavity (103) to regulate the gas environment of the sealed cavity (103).

2. The experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: An infrared temperature measuring device is installed on the laser heater (16) to collect the temperature signal of the central conductor (8); The controller (15) is connected to the laser heater (16) and the infrared temperature measuring device, and is used to adjust the heating temperature of the laser heater (16) based on the temperature signal collected by the infrared temperature measuring device.

3. The experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central conductor (8) includes interconnected heating sections and connecting sections; The heating section and the connecting section are located on both sides of the insulator (9); one end of the connecting section is inserted into the mounting hole of the insulator (9) and is fixedly connected to one end of the heating section; The heating section is located on the side of the central conductor (8) near the laser heater (16); the outer surface of the heating section is provided with an optical thin film for absorbing laser light.

4. The experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas conditioning equipment includes: a vacuum pump (10), a gas cylinder (13), and a pressure gauge (17). The air inlet of the vacuum pump (10) is connected to one end of the first pipe (11), and the other end of the first pipe (11) is sealed through the transparent shell (1) and extends into the interior of the sealed cavity (103); The gas cylinder (13) is filled with insulating gas for GIS equipment. The opening of the gas cylinder (13) is connected to the first pipe (11) through the second pipe (12). Both the first pipe (11) and the second pipe (12) are equipped with regulating valves. The pressure gauge (17) is mounted on the transparent housing (1), and the detection end of the pressure gauge (17) is sealed through the side wall of the transparent housing (1) and extends into the interior of the sealed cavity (103).

5. The experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS according to claim 4, characterized in that, The device also includes a silencer (14); the silencer (14) is disposed at one end of the first pipe (11) that extends into the interior of the sealed cavity (103).

6. The experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transparent outer shell (1) includes: a first transparent cylinder (101), a second transparent cylinder (102), a transparent cover plate, and a sealing cover plate (5); The first end of the first transparent cylinder (101) and the first end of the second transparent cylinder (102) are fixedly connected by a metal flange; the insulator (9) is fixed between the first transparent cylinder (101) and the second transparent cylinder (102), and the first end of the first transparent cylinder (101) or the first end of the second transparent cylinder (102) is provided with a groove matching the shape of the insulator (9) and a first sealing ring; The transparent cover plate is sealed to the second end of the first transparent cylinder (101); the sealing cover plate (5) is sealed to the second end of the second transparent cylinder (102); a sealed cavity (103) is formed between the transparent cover plate, the first transparent cylinder (101), the second transparent cylinder (102) and the sealing cover plate (5). The inner walls of the first transparent cylinder (101) and the second transparent cylinder (102) are provided with transparent conductive films (3), and the transparent conductive films (3) located in the first transparent cylinder (101) and the second transparent cylinder (102) are electrically connected to the metal flange.

7. The experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device further includes: a first conductive connection structure (4) and a second conductive connection structure (4); The first conductive connection structure (4) is disposed inside the first transparent cylinder (101) and is electrically connected to the transparent conductive film (3) disposed on the inner wall of the first transparent cylinder (101); The second conductive connection structure (4) is disposed inside the second transparent cylinder (102) and is electrically connected to the transparent conductive film (3) disposed on the inner wall of the second transparent cylinder (102) and the sealing cover plate (5); The sealing cover (5) is made of metal, and the outside of the sealing cover (5) is connected to the ground through a grounding terminal.

8. The experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device also includes an insulating sleeve (6). The insulating sleeve (6) passes through the central hole of the sealing cover plate (5) and is sealed to the sealing cover plate (5); An electrode (7) is sealed to one end of the insulating sleeve (6) extending to the outside of the transparent outer shell (1); the electrode (7) is connected to the transformer; One end of the central conductor (8) passes through the insulating sleeve (6) and is connected to the electrode (7).

9. The experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulator (9) is a scaled-down insulator (9) used to simulate the GIS equipment. The shape and size of the center conductor (8) are adapted to the insulator (9). The axis of the center conductor (8) coincides with the axis of the transparent shell (1).

10. An experimental method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, characterized in that, An experimental apparatus for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS, as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises: The gas in the sealed cavity (103) is extracted by the gas conditioning device, and the insulating gas of the GIS device is filled into the sealed cavity (103) to configure the gas environment in the sealed cavity (103); After the gas environment is configured, a laser is emitted to the center conductor (8) through the laser heater (16) to heat the center conductor (8) to a preset temperature and maintain it. At the preset temperature, the transformer applies voltage to the center conductor (8) at a set speed until the set voltage value is reached, and then the vibration generator (2) is started to drive the transparent shell (1) to vibrate, simulating the vibration condition of the GIS equipment. The motion state of the metal particles in the sealed cavity (103) is captured in real time by a camera, and the motion state of the metal particles in the GIS device is observed.

11. The experimental method for simulating the movement of metal particles inside a GIS according to claim 10, characterized in that, The gas inside the sealed cavity (103) is drawn out by the gas conditioning device, and the insulating gas of the GIS device is introduced into the sealed cavity (103) to configure the gas environment inside the sealed cavity (103), including: The gas in the sealed cavity (103) is drawn out by the gas regulating device until the gas pressure in the sealed cavity (103) reaches the preset first gas pressure value. Under the first pressure value, the insulating gas of the GIS equipment is introduced into the sealed cavity (103) through the gas regulating device until the pressure in the sealed cavity (103) reaches the preset second pressure value; The process of repeatedly drawing gas out of the sealed cavity (103) to the first gas pressure value and inputting the insulating gas to the second gas pressure value is repeated until a set number of times is reached. Then, the insulating gas is continuously input into the sealed cavity (103) to the third gas pressure value to achieve the configuration of the gas environment in the sealed cavity (103); wherein, the set number of times is between 3 and 6 times.

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