A phasor real-time data pipeline service fault online diagnosis method and system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power system automation technology and discloses a method and system for online fault diagnosis of phasor real-time data pipeline services. The method first subscribes to, loads, and parses the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verifies the parameters, constructs a communication link, and builds a communication diagnostic logic matrix and query interface. Next, it monitors data pipeline service messages online, subscribes to the status information of the phasor monitoring unit, processing unit, and switch, and updates the matrix interface data in real time. Then, based on the updated data, it monitors link anomalies and diagnoses and locates the communication fault location. Finally, it analyzes the cause of the fault, automatically generates a handling knowledge base and strategy, and realizes online fault diagnosis. This method effectively integrates diagnostic data, reduces over-reliance on the experience of maintenance personnel, transforms post-incident investigation into in-process diagnosis, improves the accuracy and timeliness of fault diagnosis, reduces the difficulty of on-site maintenance, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power system automation technology, specifically relating to an online fault diagnosis method and system for phasor real-time data pipeline services. Background Technology

[0002] With the construction of new power systems, phasor data monitoring applications are becoming increasingly important. Phasor data includes synchronous monitoring data of power frequency data, harmonic phasors, interharmonic phasors, subsynchronous / supersynchronous oscillation components and medium- and high-frequency oscillation components. Based on real-time phasor data, advanced applications such as dynamic security situation awareness of power systems and subsynchronous and medium- and high-frequency oscillation analysis are important means to improve the safety and stability of power grid operation control. The communication transmission rate of real-time phasor data within the station is generally 100Hz, and the transmission rate between master and slave stations is generally 50Hz. Data transmission has the characteristics of high real-time performance, large data volume and multiple links involved. Stable and reliable communication transmission service function of real-time phasor data is the basic guarantee for power grid analysis applications. When the real-time phasor data pipeline service fails, it is necessary to diagnose and handle the fault in a timely manner. At present, the fault diagnosis and handling of real-time phasor data pipeline service mainly faces the following challenges: (1) Fault diagnosis support data is scattered and incomplete. The breadth and depth of the real-time data pipeline business chain data of the phasor monitoring unit are insufficient. The business data supporting fault diagnosis is scattered or missing. Manual troubleshooting and location of faults can only be analyzed based on local data in a single dimension. It is difficult to reproduce the fault phenomenon during fault diagnosis and cannot perform inverse analysis, which seriously affects the comprehensive and accurate source tracing and location of faults. (2) Fault diagnosis and handling are highly professional and difficult. Fault diagnosis and handling mainly rely on the experience of operation and maintenance personnel. Operation and maintenance personnel need to analyze the messages or raw data of station monitoring according to the current standards and specifications. It involves professional business knowledge. The fault scenarios faced by operation and maintenance personnel are becoming increasingly complex and technically demanding. It is difficult to accurately and efficiently explore the complex logical relationships behind the fault data by manual fault diagnosis and handling. Fault diagnosis and handling are difficult. (3) Fault diagnosis and handling are time-consuming and have low timeliness. At present, it is not possible to achieve in-process diagnosis. Most of the time, the main station initiates the process after the fact. Manual on-site investigation is required. The on-site investigation is far away, time-consuming and has low timeliness. The existing fault diagnosis and handling capabilities are difficult to meet the high reliability requirements of the new power system.

[0003] Currently, substation secondary system fault diagnosis mainly focuses on equipment itself, IEC61850 messages, and network traffic monitoring. Diagnostic methods primarily involve deep belief networks and improved convolutional neural networks (CNNs). These methods are highly dependent on fault samples, have poor interpretability, and require large computational loads, making real-time online application difficult. Meanwhile, real-time phasor data has the following characteristics: ① Time sequence: each data segment has a strict timescale; ② Diverse data types: including power frequency phasors, harmonic phasors, interharmonic phasors, subsynchronous / supersynchronous oscillations, and medium-to-high frequency oscillation data; ③ Complex data structure: including phasors, analog and switching quantities associated with amplitude, phase angle, frequency, and events; ④ High data density and large quantity: the data transmission rate within the substation is no less than 100Hz, and the data transmission rate between master and slave stations is generally no less than 50Hz, with data flow more than three times that of power frequency data; ⑤ Complex transmission mechanism: real-time phasor data transmission relies on the interrelation and coordination mechanism between phasor data channels and management channels. The aforementioned characteristics differ significantly from existing IEC 60870-5-104 standards, including the intelligent substation MMS, GOOSE, and SV communication interaction methods. Therefore, current fault diagnosis methods are difficult to apply to phasor real-time data diagnosis. Furthermore, there are few reports on how to achieve fault diagnosis for phasor real-time data pipeline services and meet the high reliability requirements of new power systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of data defects, high difficulty, and low timeliness in the fault diagnosis of phasor data pipelines in the prior art, and to provide a method and system for online diagnosis of service faults in real-time phasor data pipelines.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: The present invention proposes an online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services, comprising the following steps: Subscribe to load and parse the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verify the configuration parameters of the configuration file to obtain the verification result, build a communication link based on the verification result and the substation configuration description file, build a communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link, and build a communication diagnostic logic matrix query interface based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix. Online monitoring of phasor real-time data pipeline service messages; subscription to the status information of phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch based on phasor real-time data pipeline service messages; and real-time updating of communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data based on status information and communication link status values. When the communication diagnosis logic matrix based on the updated interface data detects an anomaly in the phasor real-time data pipeline communication link, it performs communication diagnosis on the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit to obtain the location of the communication fault. Based on the location analysis of communication failures, the causes of failures are determined, and a pre-built fault handling knowledge base is mobilized to form a fault handling strategy by combining the cause and location of the failure.

[0006] Preferably, the subscription process loads and parses the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verifies the configuration parameters of the configuration file to obtain the verification result, and constructs a communication link based on the verification result and the substation configuration description file. Specifically: Subscribe to the substation configuration description file in the phasor processing unit through the configuration management service (CMS) protocol, and load the substation configuration description file to extract the operating status information model of the switch, phasor monitoring unit and phasor processing unit. The configuration management service (CMS) protocol is used to subscribe online to the configuration file of the phasor processing unit, load and parse the configuration file to obtain the protocol version, IP address, port number, IDCODE, station name, channel names, conversion factors and quantities of phasor, analog and digital signals, firewall rules, and VLAN configuration information for real-time phasor data transmission. After parsing the configuration parameters in the configuration file, the configuration parameters are verified. After the verification is passed, the relationship between the SCD information model, IP address, port number, and power system intelligent electronic device (IED) configuration in the configuration parameters is analyzed, and the communication link between the phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit, switch, and master station is constructed.

[0007] Preferably, the construction of the communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link specifically includes: The communication link includes the link connection between the phasor processing unit and all phasor monitoring unit devices in the station, and the link connection between the phasor processing unit and the access master station. The two links are decoupled to construct the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnosis logic matrix and the phasor processing unit communication diagnosis logic matrix respectively. The phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor monitoring unit, the receiver is the phasor processing unit, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber. The phasor processing unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor processing unit, the receiver is the access master station, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber.

[0008] Preferably, the step of constructing a communication diagnostic logic matrix query interface based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix specifically involves: Matrix parameter initialization: Estimate the matrix size based on the configuration parameter scale, allocate contiguous memory space to store matrix data, and establish a matrix index for fast structure lookup; Parameter filling and mapping: Fill matrix cells by grouping them according to parameter categories, establish the correlation mapping relationship between parameters, and set the initial state flag of matrix cells; Matrix integrity check: Checks the integrity of required parameters and verifies the logical consistency between parameters; Matrix update and maintenance mechanism: incremental update, detects configuration changes, updates only the changed parts, records matrix version history, and supports rollback; Matrix query interface: Search by dimension, query by actual carrier, query by state quantity, and query by fault judgment rules.

[0009] Preferably, the online monitoring phasor real-time data pipeline service message subscribes to the status information of the phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit, and switch based on the phasor real-time data pipeline service message, and updates the communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time based on the status information and the status value of the communication link, specifically as follows: The port mirroring method is used to copy the real-time data pipeline message data between the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit, and between the phasor processing unit and the master station at the switch level. It supports the simultaneous monitoring of concurrent real-time data streams of multiple phasor monitoring units and multiple access master stations, and records the message timestamp in real time to realize online monitoring of phasor real-time data pipeline service messages. The phasor real-time data pipeline business chain data monitoring and diagnosis system based on the state information model uses the configuration management service (CMS) protocol to subscribe online to the state information of three dimensions: phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch. The subscribed state information follows the state quantity range listed in the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnosis logic matrix and the phasor processing unit communication diagnosis logic matrix. Obtain the communication link fault status, obtain the communication link status value based on the communication link fault status, and update the communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time based on the communication link status value and status information.

[0010] Preferably, the communication link fault status monitoring includes connection establishment, data transmission, and connection disconnection; Data transmission phase: Identify the reset RST flag in the message, analyze the source IP of the reset RST packet, for data sent by the phasor monitoring unit and data received by the phasor processing unit, if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection; if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor monitoring unit, the phasor monitoring unit actively disconnects the connection; for data sent by the phasor processing unit and data received by the master station, if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection; if the source IP of the disconnection is the master station, then the master station actively disconnects the connection. Connection Disconnection Phase: If the disconnection includes an end-of-connection (FIN) flag and is initiated by the sender, it is a normal disconnection; if it includes a reset (RST) flag, it indicates an abnormal interruption. Analyze the source IP of the reset (RST) packet: For data sent by the phasor monitoring unit and data received by the phasor processing unit, if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection; if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor monitoring unit, the phasor monitoring unit actively disconnects the connection. For data sent by the phasor processing unit and data received by the master station, if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection; if the source IP of the disconnection is the master station, the master station actively disconnects the connection.

[0011] Preferably, communication diagnostics are performed on the phasor monitoring unit, specifically as follows: If there is an anomaly at the communication service message level or the service data message level, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

[0012] Preferably, if the fault location range is in both the transmission and sending dimensions, the specific details are as follows: Obtain the logic value phasor monitoring unit_S1 and logic value phasor monitoring unit_T1; if phasor monitoring unit_S1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor monitoring unit_T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor monitoring unit_S1=1 and phasor monitoring unit_T1=1, then both the transmitting end and the transmitting end are the locations of the fault. If the fault location range is within both the transmission and reception dimensions, the details are as follows: Obtain the logic value phasor monitoring unit_R1 and the logic value phasor monitoring unit_T1; If phasor monitoring unit _R1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor monitoring unit _T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor monitoring unit _R1=1 and phasor monitoring unit _T1=1, then both the receiving end and the transmitting end are the locations of the fault.

[0013] Preferably, communication diagnostics are performed on the phasor processing unit, specifically as follows: If there is an anomaly at the communication service message level or the service data message level, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

[0014] Preferably, if the fault location range is in both the transmission and sending dimensions, the specific details are as follows: Acquire logic value phasor processing unit_S1 and logic value phasor processing unit_T1; If phasor processing unit _S1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor processing unit _T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor processing unit _S1=1 and phasor processing unit _T1=1, then both the transmitting end and the transmitting end are locations of the fault. If the fault location range is within both the transmission and reception dimensions, the details are as follows: Obtain the logic value phasor processing unit_R1 and the logic value phasor processing unit_T1; If phasor processing unit _R1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor processing unit _T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor processing unit _R1=1 and phasor processing unit _T1=1, then both the receiving end and the transmitting end are locations of the fault.

[0015] Preferably, the step of analyzing the cause of the communication failure based on its location, mobilizing a pre-built fault handling knowledge base, and forming a fault handling strategy by combining the fault cause and fault location specifically involves: The causes of the failure include hardware failure, software failure, and configuration failure. Based on the fault location and cause of the phasor real-time data pipeline service fault location, a fault handling knowledge base is generated. The knowledge base forms fault handling strategies. For equipment hardware faults, the handling strategy is to check the fiber attenuation value, replace the hardware module, and provide the manufacturer, equipment type and board model of the replacement board. For software faults, the handling strategy is to upgrade the software module and provide the manufacturer, equipment type, software version and CRC code of the upgrade software. For configuration faults, the handling strategy is to modify the configuration parameters and update the configuration file, and provide the equipment type, file format and configuration tool of the configuration file.

[0016] This invention proposes an online fault diagnosis system for phasor real-time data pipeline services, comprising: The file loading and analysis module is used to subscribe to, load and parse the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verify the configuration parameters of the configuration file to obtain the verification result, construct a communication link based on the verification result and the substation configuration description file, construct a communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link, and construct a communication diagnostic logic matrix query interface based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix. The interface data update module is used to monitor phasor real-time data pipeline service messages online, subscribe to the status information of phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch based on phasor real-time data pipeline service messages, and update the communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time based on the status information and the status value of the communication link. The fault location acquisition module is used to perform communication diagnosis on the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit to obtain the location of the communication fault when the communication diagnosis logic matrix after updating the interface data detects an abnormality in the phasor real-time data pipeline communication link. The online fault diagnosis module is used to analyze the cause of communication faults based on their location, mobilize a pre-built fault handling knowledge base, and form a fault handling strategy by combining the fault cause and fault location.

[0017] Preferably, the construction of the communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link specifically includes: The communication link includes the link connection between the phasor processing unit and all phasor monitoring unit devices in the station, and the link connection between the phasor processing unit and the access master station. The two links are decoupled to construct the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnosis logic matrix and the phasor processing unit communication diagnosis logic matrix respectively. The phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor monitoring unit, the receiver is the phasor processing unit, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber. The phasor processing unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor processing unit, the receiver is the access master station, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber.

[0018] Preferably, communication diagnostics are performed on the phasor monitoring unit, specifically as follows: If there is an anomaly at the communication service message level or the service data message level, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

[0019] Preferably, communication diagnostics are performed on the phasor processing unit, specifically as follows: If there is an anomaly at the communication service message level or the service data message level, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

[0020] A terminal device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of an online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services.

[0021] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for online fault diagnosis of phasor real-time data pipeline services.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention proposes an online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services. It involves subscribing to, loading, and parsing the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit. After verifying the configuration parameters, a communication link is constructed based on the substation configuration description file. A communication diagnosis logic matrix is ​​then built based on this communication link, and a query interface for the communication diagnosis logic matrix is ​​constructed according to the matrix. Simultaneously, the status information of data pipeline service messages, subscribed phasor monitoring units, phasor processing units, and switches is monitored online. Based on this information, the communication diagnosis logic matrix interface data is updated in real time. This method effectively integrates scattered service data, compensates for the incomplete data support in fault diagnosis, and solves the problem that manual troubleshooting relies only on partial data and cannot reproduce fault phenomena. This approach addresses issues related to inversion analysis. Based on the updated communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data, it monitors communication link anomalies and performs communication diagnostics on the phasor monitoring and processing units to locate faults. It then analyzes the causes based on the fault location and automatically generates a fault handling knowledge base and handling strategies. This eliminates reliance on the experience and professional analytical capabilities of maintenance personnel, overcoming the challenges of highly specialized and difficult fault diagnosis and handling. Through online monitoring and diagnosis, it achieves real-time phasor data pipeline service fault diagnosis, avoiding the cumbersome process of post-incident initiation by the main station and on-site troubleshooting by maintenance personnel. This solves the problems of long processing times and low timeliness in traditional fault diagnosis and handling, providing maintenance personnel with a "compass" for fault investigation and reducing the difficulty of on-site investigation. It diagnoses functional faults locally within the station domain, using service-oriented technology to achieve master-slave subscription transmission of functional anomaly alarms and diagnostic results data. It automatically sends handling strategy reports to on-site maintenance personnel, who then manually review and carry out maintenance work based on the fault handling strategy reports. The fault diagnosis accuracy rate is ≥90%, the comprehensive fault association information is shortened from the current minute level to the second level, the typical fault location time is shortened from the current hour level to the minute level, it supports continuous storage of typical fault data for ≥365 days, the typical single complex fault handling time is shortened from 7 days to 0.5 days, while ensuring the correctness of business functions, improving the timeliness and accuracy of fault diagnosis and handling, enhancing self-diagnosis capabilities, and ensuring the high reliability operation of the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the architecture of the online diagnosis and handling method for phasor real-time data pipeline service faults of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a simplified flowchart for phasor real-time data pipeline service fault diagnosis according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the online fault diagnosis system for phasor real-time data pipeline services of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0031] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: As described in the background section, the literature "Fault Diagnosis Method for Power Grid Security and Stability Control System Based on Deep Belief Network", Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation, 2024, 61(7): 1-6, analyzes the existence links and causes of faults in the security control system, establishes a fault diagnosis model for the security control system based on deep belief network, constructs a sample of operational faults in the security control system, and proposes a fault diagnosis method for the security control system. The literature "Detection Method of Abnormal Traffic Behavior in Power Industrial Control Network Based on Protocol Features", Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2023, 47(1): 137-145, takes the IEC 60870-5-104 protocol as an example and proposes a detection method of abnormal traffic behavior in power industrial control based on protocol features based on its vulnerability analysis. The paper, "A Fault Location Method for Communication Links in Smart Substations Based on Deep Learning," published in *China Electric Power*, 2023, 56(7):136-144, proposes a fault location method for MMS, GOOSE, and SV communication links in smart substations based on an improved convolutional neural network (CNN). This method relies heavily on the fault sample set. Based on this, the present invention proposes an online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services. First, it loads comprehensive configuration information within the substation and constructs a multi-dimensional diagnostic logic matrix. Secondly, by monitoring real-time phasor data pipeline messages online and subscribing to device status information, and thirdly, by diagnosing the location of real-time data pipeline communication faults online based on a multi-dimensional diagnostic logic matrix, and finally analyzing the causes of faults to automatically generate fault handling strategies, the system achieves online diagnosis of real-time data pipeline service faults in the phasor monitoring unit. This improves real-time performance, avoids maintenance personnel blindly rushing to the station for post-incident troubleshooting, reduces the difficulty of on-site diagnosis and handling, provides maintenance personnel with a "compass" for fault troubleshooting, enhances the self-diagnostic capabilities of automated services, improves the timeliness and accuracy of fault troubleshooting, ensures the safe and stable operation of the power grid, and meets the high reliability requirements of the new power system.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. Subscribe to load and parse the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verify the configuration parameters of the configuration file to obtain the verification result, build a communication link based on the verification result and the substation configuration description file, build a communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link, and build a communication diagnostic logic matrix query interface based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix. The subscription loads and parses the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verifies the configuration parameters of the configuration file to obtain the verification result, and constructs a communication link based on the verification result and the substation configuration description file, specifically as follows: Subscribe to the substation configuration description file in the phasor processing unit through the configuration management service (CMS) protocol, and load the substation configuration description file to extract the operating status information model of the switch, phasor monitoring unit and phasor processing unit. The configuration management service (CMS) protocol is used to subscribe online to the configuration file of the phasor processing unit, load and parse the configuration file to obtain the protocol version, IP address, port number, IDCODE, station name, channel names, conversion factors and quantities of phasor, analog and digital signals, firewall rules, and VLAN configuration information for real-time phasor data transmission. After parsing the configuration parameters in the configuration file, the configuration parameters are verified. After the verification is passed, the relationship between the SCD information model, IP address, port number, and power system intelligent electronic device (IED) configuration in the configuration parameters is analyzed, and the communication link between the phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit, switch, and master station is constructed.

[0034] The construction of the communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link is specifically as follows: The communication link includes the link connection between the phasor processing unit and all phasor monitoring unit devices in the station, and the link connection between the phasor processing unit and the access master station. The two links are decoupled to construct the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnosis logic matrix and the phasor processing unit communication diagnosis logic matrix respectively. The phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor monitoring unit, the receiver is the phasor processing unit, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber. The phasor processing unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor processing unit, the receiver is the access master station, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber.

[0035] The construction of the communication diagnostic logic matrix query interface based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix is ​​as follows: Matrix parameter initialization: Estimate the matrix size based on the configuration parameter scale, allocate contiguous memory space to store matrix data, and establish a matrix index for fast structure lookup; Parameter filling and mapping: Fill matrix cells by grouping them according to parameter categories, establish the correlation mapping relationship between parameters, and set the initial state flag of matrix cells; Matrix integrity check: Checks the integrity of required parameters and verifies the logical consistency between parameters; Matrix update and maintenance mechanism: incremental update, detects configuration changes, updates only the changed parts, records matrix version history, and supports rollback; Matrix query interface: Search by dimension, query by actual carrier, query by state quantity, and query by fault judgment rules.

[0036] S2. Monitor phasor real-time data pipeline service messages online, subscribe to the status information of phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch based on phasor real-time data pipeline service messages, and update the communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time based on the status information and the status value of the communication link. The online monitoring phasor real-time data pipeline service message subscribes to the status information of the phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit, and switch based on the phasor real-time data pipeline service message, and updates the communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time based on the status information and the status value of the communication link, specifically as follows: The port mirroring method is used to copy the real-time data pipeline message data between the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit, and between the phasor processing unit and the master station at the switch level. It supports the simultaneous monitoring of concurrent real-time data streams of multiple phasor monitoring units and multiple access master stations, and records the message timestamp in real time to realize online monitoring of phasor real-time data pipeline service messages. The phasor real-time data pipeline business chain data monitoring and diagnosis system based on the state information model uses the configuration management service (CMS) protocol to subscribe online to the state information of three dimensions: phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch. The subscribed state information follows the state quantity range listed in the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnosis logic matrix and the phasor processing unit communication diagnosis logic matrix. Obtain the communication link fault status, obtain the communication link status value based on the communication link fault status, and update the communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time based on the communication link status value and status information.

[0037] The communication link fault status monitoring includes connection establishment, data transmission, and connection disconnection; Data transmission phase: Identify the reset RST flag in the message, analyze the source IP of the reset RST packet, for data sent by the phasor monitoring unit and data received by the phasor processing unit, if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection; if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor monitoring unit, the phasor monitoring unit actively disconnects the connection; for data sent by the phasor processing unit and data received by the master station, if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection; if the source IP of the disconnection is the master station, then the master station actively disconnects the connection. Connection Disconnection Phase: If the disconnection includes an end-of-connection (FIN) flag and is initiated by the sender, it is a normal disconnection; if it includes a reset (RST) flag, it indicates an abnormal interruption. Analyze the source IP of the reset (RST) packet: For data sent by the phasor monitoring unit and data received by the phasor processing unit, if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection; if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor monitoring unit, the phasor monitoring unit actively disconnects the connection. For data sent by the phasor processing unit and data received by the master station, if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection; if the source IP of the disconnection is the master station, the master station actively disconnects the connection.

[0038] S3. Based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix after updating the interface data, an anomaly is detected in the phasor real-time data pipeline communication link. Communication diagnosis is performed on the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit to obtain the location of the communication fault. The communication diagnostics for the phasor monitoring unit are performed as follows: If there is an anomaly at the communication service message level or the service data message level, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

[0039] If the fault location range includes both the transmission and sending dimensions, the details are as follows: Obtain the logic value phasor monitoring unit_S1 and logic value phasor monitoring unit_T1; if phasor monitoring unit_S1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor monitoring unit_T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor monitoring unit_S1=1 and phasor monitoring unit_T1=1, then both the transmitting end and the transmitting end are the locations of the fault. If the fault location range is within both the transmission and reception dimensions, the details are as follows: Obtain the logic value phasor monitoring unit_R1 and the logic value phasor monitoring unit_T1; If phasor monitoring unit _R1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor monitoring unit _T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor monitoring unit _R1=1 and phasor monitoring unit _T1=1, then both the receiving end and the transmitting end are the locations of the fault.

[0040] The communication diagnostics for the phasor processing unit are as follows: If there is an anomaly at the communication service message level or the service data message level, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

[0041] If the fault location range includes both the transmission and sending dimensions, the details are as follows: Acquire logic value phasor processing unit_S1 and logic value phasor processing unit_T1; If phasor processing unit _S1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor processing unit _T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor processing unit _S1=1 and phasor processing unit _T1=1, then both the transmitting end and the transmitting end are locations of the fault. If the fault location range is within both the transmission and reception dimensions, the details are as follows: Obtain the logic value phasor processing unit_R1 and the logic value phasor processing unit_T1; If phasor processing unit _R1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor processing unit _T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor processing unit _R1=1 and phasor processing unit _T1=1, then both the receiving end and the transmitting end are locations of the fault.

[0042] S4. Based on the location analysis of communication faults, the cause of the fault is determined, and a pre-built fault handling knowledge base is mobilized. The fault handling strategy is formed by combining the fault cause and the fault location, so as to realize online diagnosis of phasor real-time data pipeline service faults.

[0043] The method of analyzing the location of communication failures to determine the cause of the failure, drawing upon a pre-built fault handling knowledge base, and combining the cause and location of the failure to formulate a fault handling strategy, specifically involves: The causes of the failure include hardware failure, software failure, and configuration failure. Based on the fault location and cause of the phasor real-time data pipeline service fault location, a fault handling knowledge base is generated. The knowledge base forms fault handling strategies. For equipment hardware faults, the handling strategy is to check the fiber attenuation value, replace the hardware module, and provide the manufacturer, equipment type and board model of the replacement board. For software faults, the handling strategy is to upgrade the software module and provide the manufacturer, equipment type, software version and CRC code of the upgrade software. For configuration faults, the handling strategy is to modify the configuration parameters and update the configuration file, and provide the equipment type, file format and configuration tool of the configuration file.

[0044] This invention proposes an online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services, such as... Figure 2 As shown in the diagram, the phasor real-time data pipeline service fault online diagnosis system consists of two parts: a data acquisition unit and a management unit. The data acquisition unit is responsible for collecting phasor real-time data pipeline service messages and status information, while the management unit is responsible for fault diagnosis and handling. The main steps of the phasor real-time data pipeline service fault online diagnosis and handling method are as follows: First, the acquisition unit subscribes to and loads the substation configuration description file and configuration file in the phasor processing unit. The management unit loads and parses the substation configuration description file and full configuration parameters, processes the full configuration parameters, and constructs a communication diagnostic logic matrix. Secondly, monitor phasor real-time data pipeline service messages online, subscribe to phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch status information, identify communication faults, and update communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time. Third, when an abnormal state of the real-time data pipeline communication link is detected, the management unit further analyzes the fault location from two aspects: communication diagnosis by the phasor monitoring unit and communication diagnosis by the phasor processing unit. Each aspect analyzes the location of the communication fault from two levels: communication service messages and status information.

[0045] Fourth, after locating the fault, the management unit further analyzes the cause and automatically generates a handling strategy based on the cause. The handling strategy report is automatically sent to on-site maintenance personnel via a secure access service. Maintenance personnel then manually review the fault handling strategy report and carry out maintenance work. The system supports uploading files to the service gateway machine via the Configuration Management Service (CMS) file service, which then forwards them to the dispatch master station and central control station for use by remote maintenance personnel.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, taking a phasor real-time data pipeline service failure as an example, this illustrates the process of online diagnosis and handling of phasor real-time data pipeline service failures. An abnormal state of the real-time data pipeline communication link of phasor monitoring unit 1 is detected. The management unit, based on the communication diagnosis analysis of the phasor monitoring unit, determines that the phasor processing unit has not received real-time data for an extended period. The fault location is determined to be within the transmitting end phasor monitoring unit and the transmitting end switch. Further analysis of the status information reveals an abnormal hardware status of phasor monitoring unit 1, confirming that the fault lies with phasor monitoring unit 1. After locating the fault location of phasor monitoring unit 1, the management unit further analyzes the cause of the fault. Due to an abnormal network port status, it is diagnosed that the fault is caused by a hardware malfunction in phasor monitoring unit 1. Therefore, a handling strategy report is automatically generated based on information such as the manufacturer, model, and board type of phasor monitoring unit 1, and automatically sent to on-site maintenance personnel via a secure access service. Maintenance personnel then manually review the fault handling strategy report and carry out maintenance work. The configuration management service (CMS) file service uploads files to the service gateway machine, which then forwards them to the dispatch master station and the central control station for use by remote maintenance personnel. The detailed steps are as follows: Step 1: Loading and analyzing all configuration parameters Phasor measurement within the plant consists of two parts: a phasor monitoring unit and a phasor processing unit. Real-time phasor data from one or more phasor monitoring units are centrally processed by the phasor processing unit and then sent to the main station. The phasor monitoring unit is a PMU device or a broadband measurement device, and the phasor processing unit is a data concentrator (PDC device) or a broadband processing unit device.

[0047] A phasor real-time data pipeline service chain monitoring and diagnostic system is deployed within the plant. This system collects real-time data pipeline service messages from the phasor monitoring unit and phasor processing unit online, subscribes to the operational status information of the phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit, and switches, and realizes online automatic diagnosis of phasor real-time data pipeline service faults. The phasor real-time data pipeline service fault online diagnostic system consists of two parts: a collection unit and a management unit. The collection unit is responsible for collecting phasor real-time data pipeline service messages and status information, while the management unit is responsible for fault diagnosis and handling.

[0048] The phasor processing unit is connected to the switch, phasor monitoring unit and master station respectively, and contains the substation configuration description file and all parameter configuration information.

[0049] The phasor real-time data pipeline business chain data monitoring and diagnostic system subscribes to the substation configuration description file in the phasor processing unit through the Configuration Management Service (CMS) protocol, and loads the substation configuration description file to extract the operating status information model of the switch, phasor monitoring unit and phasor processing unit.

[0050] The phasor real-time data pipeline business chain data monitoring and diagnostic system subscribes online to the configuration files of the phasor processing unit devices via the Configuration Management Service (CMS) protocol. These configuration files contain parameter information for the switch, phasor monitoring unit, and phasor processing unit. The system loads and parses the configuration files to obtain information such as the protocol version for phasor real-time data transmission, IP address, port number, IDCODE, station name, channel names for phasors, analog quantities, and digital quantities, conversion factors and quantities, firewall rules, and VLAN configuration.

[0051] The operational status information model includes IEDs, logical devices, logical nodes, datasets, report control blocks, and data templates for various status information. Device operational status includes network interface card (NIC) status, time synchronization status, communication process operation status, CPU load rate, memory usage rate, board and power supply self-test status, disk usage rate, fiber optic transmit / receive power, optical module status, and switch port status.

[0052] After parsing the configuration parameters, the configuration parameters are verified. The verification mainly includes: 1) The IP address format meets the requirements of IPv4 or IPv6; 2) The port number range is 1-65535 3) The channel name length is equal to 16 characters. 4) The site name is 16 characters long. 5) The ID code (IDCODE) is 8 characters long. 6) The encoding format is UTF-8 character set. 7) The protocol version is V2, V3, or V4. 8) The number of channels meets the maximum frame length requirement of the protocol version. 9) Channel names are unique across the entire site. 10) The IP addresses for communication between the phasor processing unit and the phasor monitoring unit must be on the same network segment. 11) The IP addresses of the phasor processing unit and the master station must be on the same network segment. If the configuration parameter verification fails, an error warning will be given. If the verification passes, the relationship between the SCD information model, IP address, port number, and IED configuration in the configuration parameters will be analyzed, and the communication link between the phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit, switch, and master station will be constructed.

[0053] A diagnostic logic matrix is ​​constructed based on the phasor real-time data pipeline communication link. The diagnostic logic matrix includes three dimensions: sender status information, network transmission end status information, and receiver status information.

[0054] The phasor real-time data pipeline communication link is divided into two parts: the link connection between the phasor processing unit and all phasor monitoring units within the station, and the link connection between the phasor processing unit and the access master station. These two parts are decoupled to construct separate communication diagnostic logic matrices for the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit. The phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a phasor monitoring unit as the sending end, a phasor processing unit as the receiving end, and a switch and optical fiber as the network transmission end. The phasor processing unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a phasor processing unit as the sending end, an access master station as the receiving end, and a switch and optical fiber as the network transmission end.

[0055] The main contents of the three dimensions of the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic logic matrix are as follows: Transmitter (phasor monitoring unit): Real-time acquisition of protocol version, communication parameters, network card status, time synchronization status, communication process running status, CPU load rate, memory usage rate, disk usage rate, and board and power supply self-test status.

[0056] Network transmission end: optical fiber transmit / receive power, optical module status, switch port status, ICMP reachability validity, route validity, firewall rule validity, ACL policy validity, and port filtering validity.

[0057] Receiver (phasor processing unit): Real-time acquisition of protocol version, communication parameters, network card status, time synchronization status, communication process running status, CPU load, memory, board and power supply self-test status.

[0058] The actual carrier, state quantity, and fault judgment rules for each dimension of the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic logic matrix are shown in the table below.

[0059] Table 1. Communication Diagnostic Logic Matrix for Phasor Monitoring Unit

[0060] The main contents of the three dimensions of the phasor processing unit communication diagnostic logic matrix are as follows: Transmitter (phasor processing unit): Real-time acquisition of protocol version, communication parameters, network card status, time synchronization status, communication process running status, CPU load rate, memory usage rate, disk usage rate, and board and power supply self-test status.

[0061] Network transmission end: optical fiber transmit / receive power, optical module status, switch port status, ICMP validity, routing validity, firewall rule validity, ACL policy validity, and port filtering validity.

[0062] Receiving end (master station): Real-time data connection status of the master station.

[0063] The actual carrier, state variables, and fault judgment rules of the phasor processing unit communication diagnostic logic matrix are shown in the table below.

[0064] Table 2. Communication Diagnostic Logic Matrix for Phasor Processing Unit

[0065] Interfaces are constructed for the communication diagnostic logic matrix of the phasor monitoring unit and the communication diagnostic logic matrix of the phasor processing unit according to their dimensions. The main steps are as follows: (1) Matrix parameter initialization. Estimate the matrix size based on the configuration parameter scale, allocate contiguous memory space to store the matrix data, and establish a matrix index fast lookup structure.

[0066] (2) Parameter filling and mapping. Fill matrix cells by grouping them according to parameter category, establish the correlation mapping relationship between parameters, and set the initial state flag of matrix cells. (3) Matrix integrity check. Check the integrity of required parameters and verify the logical consistency between parameters.

[0067] (4) Matrix update and maintenance mechanism. Incremental update: detects configuration changes, updates only the changed parts, records the matrix version history, and supports rollback.

[0068] (5) Matrix query interface: retrieval by dimension, query by actual carrier, query by state quantity, and query by fault judgment rules.

[0069] Step 2: Online holographic perception phasor real-time data pipeline business data The phasor real-time data pipeline service chain data monitoring and diagnostic system monitors the real-time data pipeline communication service message data of the phasor monitoring unit online. It adopts port mirroring technology to replicate the real-time data pipeline message data between the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit, and between the phasor processing unit and the master station at the switch level. It supports the simultaneous monitoring of concurrent real-time data streams of multiple phasor monitoring units and multiple access master stations, and records the message timestamps in real time with an accuracy of microseconds.

[0070] The phasor real-time data pipeline business chain data monitoring and diagnostic system based on the state information model uses the Configuration Management Service (CMS) protocol to subscribe online to the state information of three dimensions: phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit, and switch. The subscribed state information follows the state quantity range listed in the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic logic matrix and the phasor processing unit communication diagnostic logic matrix.

[0071] The phasor data pipeline business chain data monitoring and diagnostic system monitors and analyzes the communication link fault status in real time throughout the entire lifecycle of the communication link, including the establishment of the connection, data transmission, and connection disconnection.

[0072] Data transmission phase: Identify the reset RST flag in the message and further analyze the source IP of the reset RST packet. For phasor monitoring unit communication (phasor monitoring unit sends data, phasor processing unit receives data), if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection; if the source IP is the phasor monitoring unit, the phasor monitoring unit actively disconnects the connection. For phasor processing unit communication (phasor processing unit sends data, master station receives data), if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection; if the source IP of the disconnection is the master station, the master station actively disconnects the connection.

[0073] Connection Disconnection Phase: The initiating party for disconnection is determined by flag bits: If the disconnection includes an end-of-FIN flag and is initiated by the sending end, it is a normal disconnection; if it includes a reset RST flag, it indicates an abnormal interruption. Further analysis of the source IP of the reset RST packet: For phasor monitoring unit communication (where the phasor monitoring unit sends data and the phasor processing unit receives data), if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, then the phasor processing unit actively disconnected the connection; if the source IP is the phasor monitoring unit, then the phasor monitoring unit actively disconnected the connection. For phasor processing unit communication (where the phasor processing unit sends data and the master station receives data), if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, then the phasor processing unit actively disconnected the connection; if the source IP is the master station, then the master station actively disconnected the connection.

[0074] The diagnostic communication link status value and the three dimensions of the subscribed status information are updated in real time to the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic matrix interface and the phasor processing unit communication diagnostic matrix interface.

[0075] Step 3: Online diagnosis of real-time data pipeline communication fault location When the phasor real-time data pipeline service chain data monitoring and diagnostic system detects an abnormal state in the real-time data pipeline communication link, it further analyzes the fault location from two aspects: communication diagnosis of the phasor monitoring unit and communication diagnosis of the phasor processing unit. Each aspect analyzes the location of the communication fault from two levels: communication service messages and status information.

[0076] (1) Communication diagnosis of phasor monitoring unit At the communication service message level, if the following phenomena occur in the message: the sequence number and acknowledgment number are not consecutive, the sequence number is repeated or the acknowledgment number is delayed, data transmission is blocked, data packets are lost or out of order, data is retransmitted, the window is shrunk, or data is not sent. At the service data message level, if the following phenomena occur: the phasor monitoring unit management pipe does not establish a connection with the receiving end; the phasor monitoring unit management pipe sends data without receiving the receiving end's command to open and send data; the phasor monitoring unit management pipe does not respond to the receiving end's service heartbeat message; the phasor monitoring unit management pipe sends data without sending its own configuration to the receiving end; the phasor monitoring unit management pipe sends data without receiving the receiving end's configuration confirmation; the phasor data length of the phasor monitoring unit's service message does not match its own phasor configuration; the analog data length of the phasor monitoring unit's service message does not match its own analog data configuration; the switch data of the phasor monitoring unit's service message does not match its own switch data configuration; the power frequency phasor data type of the phasor monitoring unit's service message does not match its own power frequency phasor configuration type; the harmonic phasor data type of the phasor monitoring unit's service message does not match its own harmonic phasor configuration type. The following are possible fault codes: Inconsistent harmonic phasor configuration type; inconsistent data type of harmonic phasors between phasor monitoring unit service messages; inconsistent data type of sub / supersynchronous oscillations in phasor monitoring unit service messages; inconsistent data type of high-frequency oscillations in phasor monitoring unit service messages; discontinuous frame sequence numbers in phasor monitoring unit service messages; inconsistent version and protocol version configurations in phasor monitoring unit service messages; out-of-order time stamps in phasor monitoring unit service messages; time stamp difference exceeding 2 seconds between phasor monitoring unit service message clocks and phasor processing unit clocks; data loss in phasor monitoring unit service messages; abnormal content verification in phasor monitoring unit service messages; inconsistent constraint relationships between voltage and current phasor data and analog active power data in phasor monitoring unit service messages; inconsistent constraint relationships between voltage and current phasor data and analog reactive power data in phasor monitoring unit service messages. If these conditions are not met, the fault location range is determined to be either the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be either the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

[0077] ①If the fault location range is the transmission dimension or the sending dimension.

[0078] Further judgment is made based on the status information: Access the communication diagnostic matrix interface of the phasor monitoring unit to obtain online status information and status fault judgment rules. Perform an OR logical operation on the network card status, time synchronization status, communication process running status, CPU load usage status, memory usage status, board and power self-test status, and disk usage status of the transmitting end phasor monitoring unit to obtain the logical value phasor monitoring unit_S1; perform an OR logical operation on the time synchronization status, fiber transmit / receive optical power, optical module status, switch port status, ICMP validity status, route validity status, firewall rule validity status, ACL policy correctness status, and port filtering correctness status of the transmission dimension to obtain the logical value phasor monitoring unit_T1.

[0079] The fault location could be at the transmitting end, the transmitting end, or both. If phasor monitoring unit _S1=1, the fault location is at the transmitting end; if phasor monitoring unit _T1=1, the fault location is at the transmitting end. The fault location is determined using the bit logic table 3 below.

[0080] Table 3 Fault Location Logic Table

[0081] ②If the fault location range is in the transmission dimension or the reception dimension If the receiving end phasor processing unit exhibits the following phenomena: no data packets are received for an extended period, the received data packets are in an incorrect format, the received data packets fail verification, or the heartbeat message is not replied to, then the fault location is not at the receiving end, but at the transmitting end.

[0082] If the receiving end phasor processing unit exhibits the following phenomena: high CPU load, full disk, high temperature, and abnormal communication of all phasor monitoring unit devices, then the fault lies in the phasor processing unit.

[0083] If the above phenomenon does not occur in the receiving phasor processing unit, then further judgment is made based on the status information: access the communication diagnostic matrix interface of the phasor monitoring unit to obtain online status information and status fault judgment rules; perform OR logic operation on the network card status, time synchronization status, communication process running status, CPU load usage status, memory usage status, board and power self-test status, and disk usage status of the receiving phasor processing unit device to obtain the logical value phasor monitoring unit_R1; perform OR logic operation on the time synchronization status, fiber transmit / receive optical power, optical module status, switch port status, ICMP validity status, routing validity status, firewall rule validity status, ACL policy correctness status, and port filtering correctness status of the transmission dimension to obtain the logical value phasor monitoring unit_T1.

[0084] The fault location could be at the receiver, the transmitter, or both. If phasor monitoring unit _R1=1, the fault location is at the transmitter; if phasor monitoring unit _T1=1, the fault location is at the transmitter. The fault location is determined using the bit logic table 4 below.

[0085] Table 4 Fault Location Logic Table

[0086] (2) Communication diagnostics of phasor processing unit At the communication service message level, if the following phenomena occur: the sequence number and acknowledgment number in the message are not continuous, the sequence number is repeated or the acknowledgment number is delayed, data transmission is blocked, data packets are lost or out of order, data is retransmitted, the window is shrunk, or data is not sent. At the service data message level, if the following phenomena occur: the phasor processing unit management channel does not establish a link with the receiving end; the phasor processing unit management pipe does not receive the open send data command issued by the receiving end but the real-time data pipe sends data; the phasor processing unit management pipe does not respond to the master station service heartbeat message; the phasor processing unit management channel does not send the configuration of all monitoring units in the station to the sending end but the real-time data pipe sends data; the phasor processing unit management channel does not receive the confirmation of all monitoring unit configurations issued by the sending end but the real-time data pipe sends data; the phasor data length of the phasor processing unit service message does not match the phasor configuration of all monitoring units; the analog data length of the phasor processing unit service message does not match the analog data configuration of all monitoring units; the switch data of the phasor processing unit service message does not match the switch data configuration of all monitoring units; the power frequency phasor data type of the phasor processing unit service message does not match the power frequency phasor configuration type of all monitoring units; the harmonic data type of the phasor processing unit service message does not match the power frequency phasor configuration type of all monitoring units; The following issues are identified: The phasor data type is inconsistent with the harmonic phasor configuration types of all phasor monitoring units; the harmonic phasor data type between service messages of the phasor processing unit is inconsistent with the harmonic phasor configuration types between all phasor monitoring units; the subsynchronous / supersynchronous oscillation data type of service messages of the phasor processing unit is inconsistent with the subsynchronous / supersynchronous phasor configuration types of all phasor monitoring units; the high-frequency oscillation message data type of service messages of the phasor processing unit is inconsistent with the high-frequency oscillation configuration types of all phasor monitoring units; the frame sequence number of service messages of the phasor processing unit is discontinuous; the version and protocol version configuration of service messages of the phasor processing unit are inconsistent; the time stamp of service messages of the phasor processing unit is out of order; the time stamp difference between the remote master station clock and the time stamp of service messages of the phasor processing unit exceeds 2 seconds; data loss in service messages of the phasor processing unit; abnormal verification of service message content of the phasor processing unit; the voltage and current phasor data of service messages of the phasor processing unit do not meet the constraint relationship with the analog active power data; the voltage and current phasor data of service messages of the phasor processing unit do not meet the constraint relationship with the analog reactive power data. If the fault location range is determined to be either the transmission dimension or the sending dimension, then the fault location range is determined to be either the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

[0087] ① If the fault location range is in the transmission dimension or the sending dimension Further judgment is made based on the status information: the communication diagnostic matrix interface of the phasor processing unit is accessed to obtain online status information and status fault judgment rules. The network card status, time synchronization status, communication process running status, CPU load usage status, memory usage status, board and power self-test status, and disk usage status of the transmitting phasor processing unit device are subjected to OR logic operation to obtain the logical value phasor processing unit_S1; the time synchronization status, optical fiber transmit / receive optical power, optical module status, switch port status, ICMP validity status, routing validity status, firewall rule validity status, ACL policy correctness status, and port filtering correctness status of the transmission dimension are subjected to OR logic operation to obtain the logical value phasor processing unit_T1.

[0088] The fault location could be at the transmitting end, the transmitting end, or both. If phasor processing unit _S1=1, the fault location is at the transmitting end; if phasor processing unit _T1=1, the fault location is at the transmitting end. The fault location is determined using the bit logic table 5 below.

[0089] Table 5 Fault Location Logic Table

[0090] ②If the fault location range is in the transmission dimension or the reception dimension If the phasor processing unit at the transmitting end exhibits the following phenomena: no data is sent for an extended period, the sent message format is abnormal, the sent message verification fails, or the heartbeat message response times out, then the phasor processing unit at the transmitting end is at fault.

[0091] If the receiving master station exhibits the following phenomena: no data received for an extended period, abnormal message format, failed message verification, or no heartbeat message response, then the fault location is not at the transmitting end.

[0092] If the above phenomenon does not occur, further judgment is made based on the status information: access the communication diagnostic matrix interface of the phasor processing unit to obtain online status information and status fault judgment rules, perform or logical operations on the real-time data connection status of the receiving master station to obtain the logical value phasor processing unit_R1; perform or logical operations on the time synchronization status, optical fiber transmit / receive optical power, optical module status, switch port status, ICMP validity status, route validity status, firewall rule validity status, ACL policy correctness status, and port filtering correctness status of the transmission dimension to obtain the logical value phasor processing unit_T1.

[0093] The fault location could be at the receiver, the transmitter, or both. If phasor processing unit _R1=1, the fault location is at the transmitter; if phasor processing unit _T1=1, the fault location is at the transmitter. The fault location is determined using the bit logic table 6 below.

[0094] Table 6 Fault Location Logic Table

[0095] Step 4: Automatically generate fault handling strategies After locating the fault, further analyze the cause of the fault and automatically generate a handling strategy based on the cause.

[0096] The causes of the malfunctions can be mainly categorized as follows: Equipment hardware failure: When abnormalities occur in the network card status, time synchronization status, board and power self-test status, fiber transmit / receive optical power, optical module status, switch port status, retransmission rate surge, etc. in the communication diagnostic matrix of the phasor monitoring unit and phasor processing unit, it is due to a hardware problem in the phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit, or switch.

[0097] Software faults: When the communication process running status, CPU load rate, memory usage rate, disk usage rate, message format error, message frame sequence number disconnection, message CRC check error, service message data not meeting constraints, service data pipeline and management pipeline not meeting constraints, TCP three-way handshake sender not receiving SYN-ACK response from receiver or receiver returning reset RST flag, receiver port not open or network routing fault, etc. are abnormal, it is a software fault caused by the phasor monitoring unit or phasor processing unit.

[0098] Configuration failure: When there are abnormalities such as incorrect IDCODE configuration, incorrect channel name configuration, incorrect IP whitelist, incorrect port, incorrect firewall policy, or the receiving end actively refusing the connection, the failure is caused by configuration errors.

[0099] Based on the fault location and cause identified in the phasor real-time data pipeline service fault localization, a fault handling knowledge base is automatically generated, which forms fault handling strategies. The main contents of the handling strategies are as follows: ① For hardware faults, the strategy is to check the fiber optic attenuation value, replace the hardware module, and provide the manufacturer, equipment type, and board model of the replacement board; ② For software faults, the strategy is to upgrade the software module, providing the manufacturer, equipment type, software version, and CRC code of the upgraded software; ③ For configuration faults, the strategy is to modify configuration parameters, update the configuration file, and provide the device type, file format, and configuration tool to which the configuration file belongs.

[0100] The knowledge base establishes a hierarchical retrieval mechanism based on fault location, fault cause classification, and fault handling strategy. The knowledge base automatically generates handling strategies and reports based on monitored status information and diagnosed fault locations. These reports support PDF and Word formats.

[0101] The phasor real-time data pipeline business chain data monitoring and diagnosis system has a fault diagnosis accuracy of ≥90%, the comprehensive fault association information is shortened from the current minute level to the second level, the typical fault location time is shortened from the current hour level to the minute level, it supports continuous storage of typical fault data for ≥365 days, and the typical single complex fault handling time is shortened from 7 days to 0.5 days.

[0102] The phasor real-time data pipeline business chain data monitoring and diagnostic system builds a secure access service, automatically sending handling strategy reports to on-site operations and maintenance personnel. These personnel then manually review the reports and carry out maintenance work. The system supports uploading files to the service gateway machine via the Configuration Management Service (CMS), which then forwards them to the dispatch master station and central control station for remote operations and maintenance personnel.

[0103] The phasor real-time data pipeline service fault online diagnosis and handling addresses issues such as incomplete service data perception, low timeliness of manual post-event diagnosis and handling, and high degree of specialization and difficulty. The main features are as follows: 1) Fault diagnosis support data is scattered and incomplete. The existing phasor real-time data pipeline service chain data lacks breadth and depth perception, resulting in scattered or missing service data supporting fault diagnosis. Manual troubleshooting and fault location can only perform single-dimensional analysis based on localized data, making it difficult to reproduce fault phenomena and inverse analysis, severely impacting comprehensive and accurate fault tracing and location. This method loads on-site configuration information to obtain message, time synchronization information, and equipment status information from each link of the communication service functions of the on-site phasor monitoring unit, achieving comprehensive perception of communication service function data and providing a solid data foundation for fault diagnosis.

[0104] 2) Fault diagnosis and handling are highly specialized and challenging. Fault diagnosis and handling primarily rely on the experience of maintenance personnel, requiring them to analyze monitored messages or raw data according to current standards and specifications. This involves specialized business knowledge, and the fault scenarios faced by maintenance personnel are becoming increasingly complex and technically demanding. Manual fault diagnosis and handling struggles to accurately and efficiently uncover the complex logical relationships behind fault data, making fault diagnosis and handling extremely difficult. This method constructs an automatic diagnostic terminal based on business function logic, enabling fault location and cause analysis. This avoids manual analysis of complex business messages and raw data, improving intelligent fault analysis capabilities and reducing the difficulty of fault diagnosis and handling.

[0105] 3) Fault diagnosis and handling are time-consuming and inefficient. Currently, in-process diagnosis is not possible; most faults are initiated by the main station after the fact, requiring manual on-site inspections. On-site inspections involve long distances, are time-consuming, and have low efficiency. The goal is to shorten the handling time for typical single complex faults from 7 days to 0.5 days, while ensuring the correctness of business functions, improving the timeliness and accuracy of fault diagnosis and handling, and enhancing self-diagnostic capabilities.

[0106] Example 2 This invention proposes an online fault diagnosis system for phasor real-time data pipeline services, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes: The file loading and analysis module is used to subscribe to, load and parse the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verify the configuration parameters of the configuration file to obtain the verification result, construct a communication link based on the verification result and the substation configuration description file, construct a communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link, and construct a communication diagnostic logic matrix query interface based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix. The construction of the communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link is specifically as follows: The communication link includes the link connection between the phasor processing unit and all phasor monitoring unit devices in the station, and the link connection between the phasor processing unit and the access master station. The two links are decoupled to construct the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnosis logic matrix and the phasor processing unit communication diagnosis logic matrix respectively. The phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor monitoring unit, the receiver is the phasor processing unit, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber. The phasor processing unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor processing unit, the receiver is the access master station, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber.

[0107] The interface data update module is used to monitor phasor real-time data pipeline service messages online, subscribe to the status information of phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch based on phasor real-time data pipeline service messages, and update the communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time based on the status information and the status value of the communication link. The fault location acquisition module is used to perform communication diagnosis on the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit to obtain the location of the communication fault when the communication diagnosis logic matrix after updating the interface data detects an abnormality in the phasor real-time data pipeline communication link. The communication diagnostics for the phasor monitoring unit are performed as follows: At the level of communication service messages, if the following phenomena occur in the message: sequence number and acknowledgment number are not consecutive, sequence number is repeated or acknowledgment number is delayed, data transmission is blocked, data packets are lost or out of order, data is retransmitted, window is shrunk, or data is not sent. At the service data message level, if the following phenomena occur: the phasor monitoring unit management pipe does not establish a connection with the receiving end; the phasor monitoring unit management pipe sends data without receiving the receiving end's command to open and send data; the phasor monitoring unit management pipe does not respond to the receiving end's service heartbeat message; the phasor monitoring unit management pipe sends data without sending its own configuration to the receiving end; the phasor monitoring unit management pipe sends data without receiving the receiving end's configuration confirmation; the phasor data length of the phasor monitoring unit's service message does not match its own phasor configuration; the analog data length of the phasor monitoring unit's service message does not match its own analog data configuration; the switch data of the phasor monitoring unit's service message does not match its own switch data configuration; the power frequency phasor data type of the phasor monitoring unit's service message does not match its own power frequency phasor configuration type; the harmonic phasor data type of the phasor monitoring unit's service message does not match its own harmonic phasor configuration type. The following are possible fault codes: Inconsistent harmonic phasor configuration type; inconsistent data type of harmonic phasors between phasor monitoring unit service messages; inconsistent data type of sub / supersynchronous oscillations in phasor monitoring unit service messages; inconsistent data type of high-frequency oscillations in phasor monitoring unit service messages; discontinuous frame sequence numbers in phasor monitoring unit service messages; inconsistent version and protocol version configurations in phasor monitoring unit service messages; out-of-order time stamps in phasor monitoring unit service messages; time stamp difference exceeding 2 seconds between phasor monitoring unit service message clocks and phasor processing unit clocks; data loss in phasor monitoring unit service messages; abnormal content verification in phasor monitoring unit service messages; inconsistent constraint relationships between voltage and current phasor data and analog active power data in phasor monitoring unit service messages; inconsistent constraint relationships between voltage and current phasor data and analog reactive power data in phasor monitoring unit service messages. If these conditions are not met, the fault location range is determined to be either the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be either the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

[0108] The communication diagnostics for the phasor processing unit are as follows: At the communication service message level, if the following phenomena occur: discontinuous sequence number and acknowledgment number in the message, duplicate sequence number or delayed acknowledgment number, blocked data transmission, lost or out-of-order data packets, data retransmission, window shrinking, or no data transmission. At the service data message level, if the following phenomena occur: the phasor processing unit management channel does not establish a link with the receiving end; the phasor processing unit management pipe does not receive the open send data command issued by the receiving end but the real-time data pipe sends data; the phasor processing unit management pipe does not respond to the master station service heartbeat message; the phasor processing unit management channel does not send the configuration of all monitoring units in the station to the sending end but the real-time data pipe sends data; the phasor processing unit management channel does not receive the confirmation of all monitoring unit configurations issued by the sending end but the real-time data pipe sends data; the phasor data length of the phasor processing unit service message does not match the phasor configuration of all monitoring units; the analog data length of the phasor processing unit service message does not match the analog data configuration of all monitoring units; the switch data of the phasor processing unit service message does not match the switch data configuration of all monitoring units; the power frequency phasor data type of the phasor processing unit service message does not match the power frequency phasor configuration type of all monitoring units; the harmonic data type of the phasor processing unit service message does not match the power frequency phasor configuration type of all monitoring units; The following issues are identified: The phasor data type is inconsistent with the harmonic phasor configuration types of all phasor monitoring units; the harmonic phasor data type between service messages of the phasor processing unit is inconsistent with the harmonic phasor configuration types between all phasor monitoring units; the subsynchronous / supersynchronous oscillation data type of service messages of the phasor processing unit is inconsistent with the subsynchronous / supersynchronous phasor configuration types of all phasor monitoring units; the high-frequency oscillation message data type of service messages of the phasor processing unit is inconsistent with the high-frequency oscillation configuration types of all phasor monitoring units; the frame sequence number of service messages of the phasor processing unit is discontinuous; the version and protocol version configuration of service messages of the phasor processing unit are inconsistent; the time stamp of service messages of the phasor processing unit is out of order; the time stamp difference between the remote master station clock and the time stamp of service messages of the phasor processing unit exceeds 2 seconds; data loss in service messages of the phasor processing unit; abnormal verification of service message content of the phasor processing unit; the voltage and current phasor data of service messages of the phasor processing unit do not meet the constraint relationship with the analog active power data; the voltage and current phasor data of service messages of the phasor processing unit do not meet the constraint relationship with the analog reactive power data. If the fault location range is determined to be either the transmission dimension or the sending dimension, then the fault location range is determined to be either the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

[0109] The online fault diagnosis module is used to analyze the cause of communication faults based on their location, mobilize a pre-built fault handling knowledge base, and form a fault handling strategy by combining the fault cause and fault location.

[0110] Example 3 Please see Figure 5As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device 100 for an online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services; the electronic device 100 includes a memory 101, at least one processor 102, a computer program 103 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the at least one processor 102, and at least one communication bus 104.

[0111] The memory 101 can be used to store the computer program 103. The processor 102 implements the steps of the online diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline service faults described in Embodiment 1 by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory 101 and calling the data stored in the memory 101. The memory 101 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the electronic device 100 (such as audio data), etc. In addition, the memory 101 may include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.

[0112] The at least one processor 102 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 102 may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor 102 is the control center of the electronic device 100, connecting various parts of the electronic device 100 via various interfaces and lines.

[0113] The memory 101 in the electronic device 100 stores multiple instructions to implement a method for online fault diagnosis of phasor real-time data pipeline services, and the processor 102 can execute the multiple instructions to achieve the following: Subscribe to load and parse the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verify the configuration parameters of the configuration file to obtain the verification result, build a communication link based on the verification result and the substation configuration description file, build a communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link, and build a communication diagnostic logic matrix query interface based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix. Online monitoring of phasor real-time data pipeline service messages; subscription to the status information of phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch based on phasor real-time data pipeline service messages; and real-time updating of communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data based on status information and communication link status values. When the communication diagnosis logic matrix based on the updated interface data detects an anomaly in the phasor real-time data pipeline communication link, it performs communication diagnosis on the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit to obtain the location of the communication fault. Based on the location analysis of communication failures, the causes of failures are determined, and a pre-built fault handling knowledge base is mobilized to form a fault handling strategy by combining the cause and location of the failure.

[0114] Example 4 If the modules / units integrated in the electronic device 100 are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, and a read-only memory (ROM).

[0115] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0116] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0117] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0118] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for online fault diagnosis of phasor real-time data pipeline services, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Subscribe to load and parse the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verify the configuration parameters of the configuration file to obtain the verification result, build a communication link based on the verification result and the substation configuration description file, build a communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link, and build a communication diagnostic logic matrix query interface based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix. Online monitoring of phasor real-time data pipeline service messages; subscription to the status information of phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch based on phasor real-time data pipeline service messages; and real-time updating of communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data based on status information and communication link status values. When the communication diagnosis logic matrix based on the updated interface data detects an anomaly in the phasor real-time data pipeline communication link, it performs communication diagnosis on the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit to obtain the location of the communication fault. Based on the location analysis of communication failures, the causes of failures are determined, and a pre-built fault handling knowledge base is mobilized to form a fault handling strategy by combining the cause and location of the failure.

2. The online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services according to claim 1, characterized in that, The subscription loads and parses the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verifies the configuration parameters of the configuration file to obtain the verification result, and constructs a communication link based on the verification result and the substation configuration description file, specifically as follows: Subscribe to the substation configuration description file in the phasor processing unit through the configuration management service (CMS) protocol, and load the substation configuration description file to extract the operating status information model of the switch, phasor monitoring unit and phasor processing unit. The configuration management service (CMS) protocol is used to subscribe online to the configuration file of the phasor processing unit, load and parse the configuration file to obtain the protocol version, IP address, port number, IDCODE, station name, channel names, conversion factors and quantities of phasor, analog and digital signals, firewall rules, and VLAN configuration information for real-time phasor data transmission. After parsing the configuration parameters in the configuration file, the configuration parameters are verified. After the verification is passed, the relationship between the substation configuration description file information model, IP address, port number, and power system intelligent electronic device (IED) configuration in the configuration parameters is analyzed, and the communication link between the phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit, switch, and master station is constructed.

3. The online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link is specifically as follows: The communication link includes the link connection between the phasor processing unit and all phasor monitoring unit devices in the station, and the link connection between the phasor processing unit and the access master station. The two links are decoupled to construct the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnosis logic matrix and the phasor processing unit communication diagnosis logic matrix respectively. The phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor monitoring unit, the receiver is the phasor processing unit, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber. The phasor processing unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor processing unit, the receiver is the access master station, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber.

4. The online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the communication diagnostic logic matrix query interface based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix is ​​as follows: Matrix parameter initialization: Estimate the matrix size based on the configuration parameter scale, allocate contiguous memory space to store matrix data, and establish a matrix index for fast structure lookup; Parameter filling and mapping: Fill matrix cells by grouping them according to parameter categories, establish the correlation mapping relationship between parameters, and set the initial state flag of matrix cells; Matrix integrity check: Checks the integrity of required parameters and verifies the logical consistency between parameters; Matrix update and maintenance mechanism: incremental update, detects configuration changes, updates only the changed parts, records matrix version history, and supports rollback; Matrix query interface: Search by dimension, query by actual carrier, query by state quantity, and query by fault judgment rules.

5. The online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services according to claim 1, characterized in that, The online monitoring phasor real-time data pipeline service message subscribes to the status information of the phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit, and switch based on the phasor real-time data pipeline service message, and updates the communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time based on the status information and the status value of the communication link, specifically as follows: The port mirroring method is used to copy the real-time data pipeline message data between the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit, and between the phasor processing unit and the master station at the switch level. It supports the simultaneous monitoring of concurrent real-time data streams of multiple phasor monitoring units and multiple access master stations, and records the message timestamp in real time to realize online monitoring of phasor real-time data pipeline service messages. The phasor real-time data pipeline business chain data monitoring and diagnosis system based on the state information model uses the configuration management service (CMS) protocol to subscribe online to the state information of three dimensions: phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch. The subscribed state information follows the state quantity range listed in the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnosis logic matrix and the phasor processing unit communication diagnosis logic matrix. Obtain the communication link fault status, obtain the communication link status value based on the communication link fault status, and update the communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time based on the communication link status value and status information.

6. The online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services according to claim 5, characterized in that, The communication link fault status monitoring includes connection establishment, data transmission, and connection disconnection; Data transmission phase: Identify the reset RST flag in the message, analyze the source IP of the reset RST packet, for data sent by the phasor monitoring unit, the phasor processing unit receives the data, if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection. If the source IP that is disconnected is the phasor monitoring unit, the phasor monitoring unit will actively disconnect the connection. Data is sent to the phasor processing unit and received by the master station. If the source IP that is disconnected is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit will actively disconnect the connection. If the source IP that is disconnected is the master station, the master station will actively disconnect the connection. Connection disconnection phase: If the disconnection includes the end FIN flag and is initiated by the sender, it is a normal disconnection; if it includes the reset RST flag, it indicates an abnormal interruption. Analyze the source IP of the reset RST packet: For data sent by the phasor monitoring unit and data received by the phasor processing unit, if the source IP of the disconnection is the phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit actively disconnects the connection. If the source IP that is disconnected is the phasor monitoring unit, the phasor monitoring unit will actively disconnect the connection; for data sent by the phasor processing unit, the master station will receive the data. If the source IP that is disconnected is a phasor processing unit, the phasor processing unit will actively disconnect the connection. If the source IP that is disconnected is the main site, then the main site will actively disconnect the connection.

7. The online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication diagnostics for the phasor monitoring unit are performed as follows: If there is an anomaly at the communication service message level or the service data message level, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

8. The online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services according to claim 7, characterized in that, If the fault location range includes both the transmission and sending dimensions, the details are as follows: Obtain the logic value phasor monitoring unit_S1 and logic value phasor monitoring unit_T1; if phasor monitoring unit_S1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor monitoring unit_T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor monitoring unit_S1=1 and phasor monitoring unit_T1=1, then both the transmitting end and the transmitting end are the locations of the fault. If the fault location range is within both the transmission and reception dimensions, the details are as follows: Obtain the logic value phasor monitoring unit_R1 and the logic value phasor monitoring unit_T1; If phasor monitoring unit _R1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor monitoring unit _T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor monitoring unit _R1=1 and phasor monitoring unit _T1=1, then both the receiving end and the transmitting end are the locations of the fault.

9. The online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication diagnostics for the phasor processing unit are as follows: If there is an anomaly at the communication service message level or the service data message level, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

10. The online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services according to claim 9, characterized in that, If the fault location range includes both the transmission and sending dimensions, the details are as follows: Acquire logic value phasor processing unit_S1 and logic value phasor processing unit_T1; If phasor processing unit _S1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor processing unit _T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor processing unit _S1=1 and phasor processing unit _T1=1, then both the transmitting end and the transmitting end are locations of the fault. If the fault location range is within both the transmission and reception dimensions, the details are as follows: Obtain the logic value phasor processing unit_R1 and the logic value phasor processing unit_T1; If phasor processing unit _R1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if phasor processing unit _T1=1, then the transmitting end is the location of the fault; if both phasor processing unit _R1=1 and phasor processing unit _T1=1, then both the receiving end and the transmitting end are locations of the fault.

11. The online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of analyzing the location of communication failures to determine the cause of the failure, drawing upon a pre-built fault handling knowledge base, and combining the cause and location of the failure to formulate a fault handling strategy, specifically involves: The causes of the failure include hardware failure, software failure, and configuration failure. Based on the fault location and cause of the phasor real-time data pipeline service fault location, a fault handling knowledge base is generated. The knowledge base forms fault handling strategies. For equipment hardware faults, the handling strategy is to check the fiber attenuation value, replace the hardware module, and provide the manufacturer, equipment type and board model of the replacement board. For software faults, the handling strategy is to upgrade the software module and provide the manufacturer, equipment type, software version and CRC code of the upgrade software. For configuration faults, the handling strategy is to modify the configuration parameters and update the configuration file, and provide the equipment type, file format and configuration tool of the configuration file.

12. A phasor real-time data pipeline service fault online diagnosis system, characterized in that, The diagnostic method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 includes: The file loading and analysis module is used to subscribe to, load and parse the substation configuration description file and configuration file of the phasor processing unit, verify the configuration parameters of the configuration file to obtain the verification result, construct a communication link based on the verification result and the substation configuration description file, construct a communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link, and construct a communication diagnostic logic matrix query interface based on the communication diagnostic logic matrix. The interface data update module is used to monitor phasor real-time data pipeline service messages online, subscribe to the status information of phasor monitoring unit, phasor processing unit and switch based on phasor real-time data pipeline service messages, and update the communication diagnostic logic matrix interface data in real time based on the status information and the status value of the communication link. The fault location acquisition module is used to perform communication diagnosis on the phasor monitoring unit and the phasor processing unit to obtain the location of the communication fault when the communication diagnosis logic matrix after updating the interface data detects an abnormality in the phasor real-time data pipeline communication link. The online fault diagnosis module is used to analyze the cause of communication faults based on their location, mobilize a pre-built fault handling knowledge base, and form a fault handling strategy by combining the fault cause and fault location.

13. The phasor real-time data pipeline service fault online diagnosis system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The construction of the communication diagnostic logic matrix based on the communication link is specifically as follows: The communication link includes the link connection between the phasor processing unit and all phasor monitoring unit devices in the station, and the link connection between the phasor processing unit and the access master station. The two links are decoupled to construct the phasor monitoring unit communication diagnosis logic matrix and the phasor processing unit communication diagnosis logic matrix respectively. The phasor monitoring unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor monitoring unit, the receiver is the phasor processing unit, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber. The phasor processing unit communication diagnostic logic matrix includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a network transmission end. The transmitter is the phasor processing unit, the receiver is the access master station, and the network transmission end is the switch and optical fiber.

14. The phasor real-time data pipeline service fault online diagnosis system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The communication diagnostics for the phasor monitoring unit are performed as follows: If there is an anomaly at the communication service message level or the service data message level, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

15. The phasor real-time data pipeline service fault online diagnosis system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The communication diagnostics for the phasor processing unit are as follows: If there is an anomaly at the communication service message level or the service data message level, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the sending dimension; otherwise, the fault location range is determined to be the transmission dimension or the receiving dimension.

16. A terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

17. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the online fault diagnosis method for phasor real-time data pipeline services as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

Images