Pilot pattern design method and device for wireless ad hoc network, terminal and medium

Abstract

The application provides a pilot pattern design method and device for a wireless ad hoc network, a terminal and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: S100, a second communication node generates a pilot pattern switching request signal according to channel quality information of a communication link, and sends the pilot pattern switching request signal to a first communication node; S200, after receiving the pilot pattern switching request signal, the first communication node sends a request acknowledgement response signal to the second communication node, and maps a new pilot pattern based on the request acknowledgement response signal, wherein a time domain position of the new pilot pattern remains unchanged, and a frequency domain starting offset is calculated through a control word in the request acknowledgement response signal. The application provides a plurality of variable pilot patterns for different channel environments of the wireless ad hoc network, and realizes dynamic switching through a two-way negotiation mechanism between a sending end and a receiving end, thereby significantly improving the adaptability of the wireless ad hoc network system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of wireless communication technology and relates to a pilot pattern design method and apparatus, terminal and medium for wireless ad hoc networks. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the pilot structure design in wireless ad hoc networks mostly follows the reference signal configuration in traditional public wireless communication protocols, such as the Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS) and Decall Reference Signal (DMRS) in Long Term Evolution (LTE), and the DMRS and Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) in New Radio (NR).

[0003] In the evolution from LTE to NR, pilot design has abandoned the full-bandwidth, fixed-period CRS, and instead adopted the more flexible, on-demand DMRS, providing diverse DMRS pilot patterns for different system configurations. This technological evolution fully demonstrates the crucial role of flexible, configurable pilot design in improving overall system performance. As the foundation for channel estimation and signal demodulation at the receiver, the design quality of the pilot directly determines the accuracy of the receiver's acquisition of channel states, thus decisively impacting the reliability and efficiency of the entire communication link.

[0004] However, as communication scenarios become increasingly complex and diverse, the inadequacy of pilot structure design in terms of flexibility has gradually become apparent. A single and fixed pilot pattern is difficult to adapt to dynamically changing channel environments and service requirements, which in turn has a significant impact on key performance indicators such as the system's bit error rate, maximum throughput, and demodulation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a pilot pattern design method, apparatus, terminal, and medium for wireless ad hoc networks, which solves the problem that the existing technology, due to the use of a single and fixed pilot pattern, is difficult to adapt to dynamically changing channel environments and service requirements.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a pilot pattern design method for a wireless ad hoc network, wherein the wireless ad hoc network includes at least a first communication node and a second communication node, and a communication link is established between the first communication node and the second communication node; the method includes: S100, the second communication node generates a pilot pattern switching request signal based on the channel quality information of the communication link, and sends the pilot pattern switching request signal to the first communication node; S200, after receiving the pilot pattern switching request signal, the first communication node sends a request confirmation response signal to the second communication node, and maps a new pilot pattern based on the request confirmation response signal, wherein the time domain position of the new pilot pattern remains unchanged according to the original protocol, and the frequency domain starting offset is calculated by the control word in the request confirmation response signal.

[0007] In one implementation of the first aspect, before the second communication node generates the pilot pattern switching request signal, the method further includes: obtaining channel quality information of the communication link; determining, based on the channel quality information, whether the pilot pattern used for channel estimation of the communication link in the current subframe needs to be adjusted; if adjustment is required, executing S100 and S200 to obtain the new pilot pattern, and using the new pilot pattern for signal transmission in subsequent subframes; if no adjustment is required, maintaining the pilot pattern configuration in the current subframe unchanged.

[0008] In one implementation of the first aspect, the request confirmation response signal includes at least the following control fields: a pilot pattern selection control word, used to indicate the selection of a specific pilot pattern from a plurality of predefined pilot patterns; a pilot pattern minimum resource block number control word, used to specify the minimum unit of the pilot pattern in frequency resource allocation; wherein the pilot pattern selection control word and the pilot pattern minimum resource block number control word together determine the structure of the new pilot pattern.

[0009] In one implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: after receiving the request confirmation response signal, the second communication node performs channel estimation using the new pilot pattern; wherein the second communication node performs channel estimation using the new pilot pattern by: processing the received signal at the pilot position based on the least squares method to obtain an initial channel estimation value; selecting a control word and a control word that occupies the minimum number of resource blocks in the frequency domain according to the pilot pattern, and dynamically indexing the corresponding Wiener filter coefficient matrix from a pre-stored Wiener filter coefficient table; and interpolating the initial channel estimation value using the Wiener filter coefficient matrix to obtain the channel estimation result of the full bandwidth resource unit.

[0010] In one implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: obtaining the node identifier of the first communication node; calculating the frequency domain starting offset of the new pilot pattern based on the node identifier and the minimum resource block number control word occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain; wherein the formula for calculating the frequency domain starting offset is:

[0011] Vshift = mod (MID, 12×(NP+1));

[0012] In the formula, MID is the node identifier of the first communication node, NP is the minimum resource block number control word occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain, and Vshift is the frequency domain start offset.

[0013] In one implementation of the first aspect, the method for obtaining channel quality information of the communication link includes: setting the transmission and reception mode of the signal transmitted in the communication link; the transmission and reception mode is a wideband mode or a subband mode; if the transmission and reception mode is the wideband mode, then full-bandwidth channel quality information is generated based on the signal transmitted in the communication link; if the transmission and reception mode is the subband mode, then sub-bandwidth channel quality information is generated based on the signal transmitted in the communication link.

[0014] In one implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: when the full-bandwidth channel quality information is used, the pilot pattern selection control word is a single value used to indicate the pilot pattern uniformly applied across the full bandwidth; when the sub-bandwidth channel quality information is used, the pilot pattern selection control word is a vector containing multiple elements, denoted as P=[P1, P2, P3, ..., PM], where any element Pi corresponds to the pilot pattern selection control word used in the i-th sub-band, where i∈[1,2,3,...,M], and M is the total number of sub-bands configured by the system.

[0015] Secondly, this application provides a pilot pattern design device for a wireless ad hoc network, wherein the wireless ad hoc network includes at least a first communication node and a second communication node, and a communication link is established between the first communication node and the second communication node; the device includes: a request instruction generation module, used by the second communication node to generate a pilot pattern switching request signal based on the channel quality information of the communication link, and to send the pilot pattern switching request signal to the first communication node; and a pilot reconfiguration module, used by the first communication node to send a request confirmation response signal to the second communication node after receiving the pilot pattern switching request signal, and to map a new pilot pattern based on the request confirmation response signal, wherein the time domain position of the new pilot pattern remains unchanged according to the original protocol, and the frequency domain starting offset is calculated by the control word in the request confirmation response signal.

[0016] Thirdly, this application provides a terminal, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to cause the terminal to perform the method described in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0017] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0018] As described above, the pilot pattern design method, apparatus, terminal, and medium for wireless ad hoc networks described in this application construct a multi-dimensional linkage pilot dynamic configuration mechanism by combining the pilot pattern selection control word P, the pilot pattern minimum resource block number control word NP in the frequency domain, the frequency domain start offset vshift, and the transmit / receive mode. This achieves low-overhead, high-precision, and highly adaptive pilot dynamic management in the wireless ad hoc network architecture. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of a wireless ad hoc network in one embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a wireless ad hoc network according to another embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 The flowchart shown is a pilot pattern design method for wireless ad hoc networks according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 4 The flowchart shown is a process for obtaining channel quality information in one embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 The diagram shows pilot patterns corresponding to different P values ​​when NP=0 in one embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 6 The diagram shows pilot patterns corresponding to different P values ​​when NP=1 in one embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 7 The diagram shows pilot patterns corresponding to different P values ​​when NP=2 in one embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 8 The flowchart shown is a pilot pattern design method for a wireless ad hoc network according to another embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 9 The diagram shown illustrates the working principle of the two-way negotiation mechanism in one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the working principle of the two-way negotiation mechanism in another embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 11 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a pilot pattern design apparatus for a wireless ad hoc network according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 12 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a terminal according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0032] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0033] The following embodiments of this application provide a pilot pattern design method, apparatus, terminal, and medium for wireless ad hoc networks. These methods offer various variable pilot patterns for different channel environments in wireless ad hoc networks and achieve dynamic switching through a bidirectional negotiation mechanism between the transmitter and receiver, significantly improving the adaptability of the wireless ad hoc network system. This solution supports multi-level adaptation capabilities, from unified configuration across the entire bandwidth to independent optimization at the sub-band level. The pilot pattern accurately matches the channel state, effectively saving spectrum resources while enhancing transceiver efficiency.

[0034] This application breaks through the limitations of traditional static pilot configuration and realizes low-overhead, high-precision, and highly adaptive pilot dynamic management in wireless ad hoc network architecture, providing key physical layer support for typical ad hoc network applications such as intelligent transportation, emergency communication, and distributed Internet of Things in the future.

[0035] Before proceeding with the technical solution of this application, the wireless ad hoc network involved in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of a wireless ad hoc network in one embodiment of this application.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless ad hoc network in this embodiment includes at least a first communication node and a second communication node, and a communication link is established between the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0038] Wireless ad hoc networks (WANs) offer significant advantages such as flexible deployment, dynamic topology, and no need for centralized control, making them suitable for various complex scenarios including emergency communication, military operations, and IoT edge collaboration. Compared to public network deployments that rely on fixed infrastructure, WANs offer greater flexibility and dynamism in deployment, with their network topology quickly adjustable to suit specific scenarios. WANs can be built upon existing mainstream cellular communication standards (such as LTE or NR) in their basic frame structure, ensuring compatibility with LTE / NR frame structure definitions.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first communication node acts as the sending node, and the second communication node acts as the receiving node. Together, they constitute a basic self-organizing communication unit.

[0040] It should be noted that the wireless ad hoc network structure described in this application can be flexibly extended to multi-hop or multi-node scenarios, and is suitable for various dynamically deployed wireless ad hoc network application environments.

[0041] Please see Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of a wireless ad hoc network according to another embodiment of this application.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the first communication node is node A, and the second communication node is node B. Node A and node B establish a communication link through a wireless channel for transmitting data or control information.

[0043] It should be noted that existing OFDM-based pilot designs are mainly designed for base station-centric unidirectional broadcast or downlink communication architectures. Their pilot patterns are uniformly configured by the network side, making them unsuitable for the decentralized, peer-to-peer, and dynamically established characteristics of ad hoc wireless networks. In ad hoc network scenarios, directly applying such pilot structures will lead to problems such as inaccurate channel estimation, frequent pilot collisions, and low resource utilization efficiency.

[0044] To address this, this application proposes a pilot pattern design method for peer-to-peer communication, which eliminates the dependence on a central node and allows nodes to autonomously generate and adjust pilots based on local communication needs, link direction, and channel status, thereby effectively improving the communication reliability and spectrum efficiency of ad hoc networks in highly dynamic environments.

[0045] The following will describe in detail the principle and implementation of a pilot pattern design method and apparatus, terminal and medium for wireless ad hoc networks according to this embodiment, so that those skilled in the art can understand the pilot pattern design method and apparatus, terminal and medium for wireless ad hoc networks according to this embodiment without creative effort.

[0046] Please see Figure 3 The above is a flowchart of a pilot pattern design method for a wireless ad hoc network according to an embodiment of this application.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a pilot pattern design method for wireless ad hoc networks, including the following steps S100 and S200.

[0048] In step S100, the second communication node generates a pilot pattern switching request signal based on the channel quality information (CQI) of the communication link, and sends the pilot pattern switching request signal to the first communication node.

[0049] In the field of wireless communication, CQI (Channel Quality Index) is an indicator measured by the receiver and fed back to the transmitter to characterize the quality of the current wireless channel. It typically corresponds to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the channel, allowing the transmitter to select an appropriate pilot configuration. Generally, a higher CQI value indicates better channel conditions, supporting higher data transmission efficiency; conversely, a lower CQI value indicates poorer channel quality.

[0050] In this embodiment, CQI is not only used as a metric for quantifying channel quality, but also as a key input parameter to trigger dynamic adjustment of the pilot pattern, fully demonstrating the system's ability to adapt to the time-varying characteristics of the channel.

[0051] Please see Figure 4 The flowchart shown is a process for obtaining channel quality information in one embodiment of this application.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, the method for obtaining channel quality information of the communication link includes the following steps S101 to S103.

[0053] In step S101, the transmit / receive mode of the signals transmitted in the communication link is set.

[0054] The transmit / receive mode is either wideband mode or subband mode. Wideband mode is suitable for scenarios where the bandwidth of the entire system is uniformly scheduled and fed back, while subband mode supports frequency-selective scheduling and is suitable for channel environments with significant frequency-selective fading.

[0055] In step S102, if the transmit / receive mode is the broadband mode, then full-bandwidth channel quality information is generated based on the signals transmitted in the communication link.

[0056] Specifically, the second communication node estimates the channel state within the entire system bandwidth based on the received signal and generates full-bandwidth channel quality information, i.e., a single CQI value representing the overall channel quality.

[0057] In step S103, if the transmit / receive mode is the sub-band mode, then sub-bandwidth channel quality information is generated based on the signals transmitted in the communication link.

[0058] Specifically, the second communication node estimates the channel state in each sub-band according to a predefined sub-band division method, and generates sub-bandwidth channel quality information corresponding to each sub-band.

[0059] In this implementation, by tightly coupling the pilot pattern configuration with the dynamic characteristics of CQI, the optimal balance between pilot overhead and channel tracking accuracy is achieved while ensuring communication reliability.

[0060] In step S200, after receiving the pilot pattern switching request signal, the first communication node sends a request confirmation response signal to the second communication node, and obtains a new pilot pattern based on the request confirmation response signal.

[0061] In one embodiment of this application, the time domain position of the new pilot pattern remains unchanged according to the original protocol, and the frequency domain starting offset is calculated by the control word in the request confirmation response signal.

[0062] In one embodiment of this application, the request confirmation response signal includes at least the following control fields:

[0063] (1) Pilot pattern selection control word, used to indicate the selection of a specific pilot pattern from multiple predefined pilot patterns.

[0064] The pilot pattern selection control word can be denoted as P, and its value ranges from 0 to 4, i.e., P∈{0,1,2,3,4}. Each value uniquely corresponds to a predefined pilot pattern. For example, P=0 can represent a low-density pilot pattern, while P=4 can represent a high-density or full-bandwidth covered pilot pattern.

[0065] When the full-bandwidth channel quality information is used, the pilot pattern selection control word is a single value used to indicate the pilot pattern uniformly applied across the entire bandwidth. When the sub-bandwidth channel quality information is used, the pilot pattern selection control word is a vector containing multiple elements, denoted as P=[P1, P2, P3, ..., PM], where any element Pi corresponds to the pilot pattern selection control word used in the i-th sub-band, where i∈[1,2,3,...,M], and M is the total number of sub-bands configured by the system.

[0066] In this implementation, fine-grained resource allocation and link adaptation in the frequency domain are achieved by configuring pilot patterns independently for each sub-band.

[0067] It should be noted that the smaller the subband bandwidth, the finer the frequency selectivity, but the greater the pilot overhead. This application achieves a dynamic balance between frequency selectivity gain and pilot resource overhead by flexibly configuring the number of subbands M.

[0068] (2) Minimum number of resource blocks occupied by pilot pattern in frequency domain control word, used to specify the minimum unit of pilot pattern in frequency resource allocation.

[0069] The minimum number of resource blocks occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain is denoted as Np, and its value ranges from 0 to 2, i.e., Np∈{0,1,2}.

[0070] Please refer to Table 1, which shows the mapping relationship between Np and subband size.

[0071] Table 1. Mapping Table between Np and Subband Size

[0072]

[0073] In this implementation, by introducing Np, the minimum resource allocation granularity of the pilot in the frequency domain can be explicitly constrained, effectively avoiding problems such as excessive channel estimation variance, increased interpolation error, or frequency domain response distortion caused by insufficient pilot resources.

[0074] Please refer to Table 2, which shows the mapping relationship between CQI and Np, P.

[0075] Table 2. Mapping Relationships Between CQI and Np, P

[0076]

[0077] The pilot pattern selection control word and the minimum number of resource blocks occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain jointly determine the structure of the new pilot pattern. Thus, any valid (P, Np) combination can be uniquely mapped to a specific pilot pattern, including its frequency domain location, density, span, and resource block distribution.

[0078] Please see Figure 5 The diagram shows pilot patterns corresponding to different P values ​​when NP=0 in one embodiment of this application.

[0079] In this embodiment, NP=0 indicates that the pilot pattern configuration is based on a single resource block (RB). An RB contains 12 subcarriers (i.e., 12 resource elements RE) in the frequency domain. Figure 5 Each row corresponds to a subcarrier, and each column corresponds to the pilot and data RE distributions under a certain P value. Yellow squares represent pilot RE positions, and white squares represent data RE positions. As the P value increases, the pilot density gradually increases.

[0080] It should be noted that there is a physical upper limit to pilot density. Increasing the number of pilots further will result in too few REs available for effective data transmission, severely reducing spectral efficiency; conversely, when all 12 REs are occupied by pilots, the system will be unable to carry any user data, rendering communication meaningless. Therefore, this application sets the upper limit of P to 4, ensuring channel estimation accuracy while reserving sufficient data transmission resources, achieving a reasonable balance between performance and efficiency.

[0081] Please see Figure 6 The diagram shows a pilot pattern corresponding to different P values ​​when NP=1 in one embodiment of this application.

[0082] In this embodiment, NP=1 indicates that the basic configuration unit of the pilot pattern is expanded into two consecutive resource blocks. Each resource block contains 12 subcarriers, so the basic unit covers a total of 24 subcarriers (i.e., 24 resource elements RE).

[0083] Please see Figure 7 The diagram shows pilot patterns corresponding to different P values ​​when NP=2 in one embodiment of this application.

[0084] In this embodiment, NP=2 indicates that the basic configuration unit of the pilot pattern is expanded into three consecutive resource blocks. Each resource block contains 12 subcarriers, so the basic unit covers a total of 36 subcarriers (i.e., 36 resource elements RE).

[0085] In this implementation, the switching of the pilot pattern relies on only a small number of control fields, without the need for complex online calculations or reconfiguration logic. It has low implementation complexity and minimal occupation of baseband processing hardware resources, making it particularly suitable for resource-constrained wireless self-organizing network terminal devices.

[0086] In one embodiment of this application, the pilot pattern design method for a wireless ad hoc network further includes: obtaining the node identifier of the first communication node; and calculating the frequency domain starting offset of the new pilot pattern based on the node identifier and the minimum resource block number control word occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain.

[0087] Specifically, the formula for calculating the frequency domain starting offset is:

[0088] Vshift = mod (MID, 12×(NP+1));

[0089] In the formula, MID is the node identifier of the first communication node, NP is the minimum resource block number control word occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain, and Vshift is the frequency domain start offset.

[0090] In this implementation, different nodes, due to their different MIDs, will likely have their pilot signals starting at different positions in the frequency domain, even if they use the same P and Np, effectively reducing the risk of pilot pollution during concurrent transmission of multiple nodes.

[0091] This application constructs a multi-dimensional, interconnected pilot dynamic configuration mechanism by combining the pilot pattern selection control word P, the pilot pattern minimum resource block number control word NP in the frequency domain, the frequency domain start offset vshift, and the transmit / receive mode. This mechanism is not a simple stacking of existing parameters; there is strong coupling and collaborative logic between the parameters, achieving a balance between flexibility, robustness, and scenario adaptability in pilot resource configuration.

[0092] The pilot pattern handover described in this application employs a bidirectional negotiation mechanism initiated by the receiving node and confirmed by the sending node. This bidirectional negotiation mechanism is significantly different from the centralized mode in traditional cellular systems where the base station unidirectionally configures the pilots. Its advantages are: giving the receiving end control over channel awareness, ensuring that the pilot configuration matches the actual link requirements; guaranteeing the reliability and synchronization of the handover through the confirmation and acknowledgment mechanism; and achieving link-level adaptive optimization without the need for global coordination, balancing flexibility and robustness.

[0093] Please see Figure 8 The above is a flowchart illustrating a pilot pattern design method for a wireless ad hoc network according to another embodiment of this application.

[0094] like Figure 8 As shown, before the second communication node generates the pilot pattern switching request signal, the method further includes steps S300 to S600.

[0095] In step S300, the channel quality information of the communication link is obtained.

[0096] Specifically, when the first communication node and the second communication node initially establish a communication link, the system defaults to configuring the pilot pattern selection control word P=0 and the pilot pattern minimum resource block count control word NP=0. This initial configuration aims to minimize pilot overhead. After the first communication node and the second communication node have conducted data communication for a period of time, the second communication node obtains the channel quality information of the communication link.

[0097] In step S400, based on the channel quality information, it is determined whether the pilot pattern used for channel estimation of the communication link in the current subframe needs to be adjusted.

[0098] Specifically, the determination includes assessing whether the current pilot density meets the channel estimation accuracy requirements. This assessment may be based on one or a combination of the following criteria:

[0099] (1) If the CQI is lower than the preset first threshold, it indicates that the channel quality is poor or the time variation is drastic, and the pilot density needs to be increased (such as switching to the pilot pattern corresponding to a higher P value).

[0100] (2) If the CQI is higher than the preset second threshold and remains stable, the current pilot density may be redundant, which can reduce pilot overhead and improve spectrum efficiency.

[0101] (3) If the CQI is between the first threshold and the second threshold, it is determined that no adjustment of the pilot pattern is required.

[0102] In step S500, if adjustment is required, steps S100 and S200 above are executed to obtain the new pilot pattern, and the new pilot pattern is used for signal transmission in subsequent subframes.

[0103] In step S600, if no adjustment is required, the pilot pattern configuration in the current subframe remains unchanged.

[0104] In this implementation, through the aforementioned closed-loop adaptive mechanism, this application achieves dynamic pilot density and distribution adjustment based on real-time channel conditions, which can flexibly cope with various wireless ad hoc network environments ranging from good to bad, and significantly improves the robustness and resource utilization efficiency of the system.

[0105] In one embodiment of this application, the pilot pattern design method for wireless ad hoc networks further includes step S700.

[0106] In step S700, after receiving the request confirmation response signal, the second communication node uses the new pilot pattern to perform channel estimation.

[0107] Specifically, the second communication node performs channel estimation using the new pilot pattern, including the following steps S701 to S703.

[0108] In step S701, the received signal at the pilot position is processed based on the least squares (LS) method to obtain the initial channel estimate.

[0109] In step S702, the control word selected according to the pilot pattern and the control word with the minimum number of resource blocks occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain are dynamically indexed from the pre-stored Wiener filter coefficient table to obtain the corresponding Wiener filter coefficient matrix.

[0110] In step S703, the initial channel estimate is interpolated using the Wiener filter coefficient matrix to obtain the channel estimate result for the full bandwidth resource unit.

[0111] Specifically, channel estimation for different pilot patterns typically employs the Wiener filtering method, the basic form of which is as follows:

[0112] H = w * Hls;

[0113] In the formula, Hls is the initial channel estimation matrix obtained at the pilot position based on LS, and its dimension is [KRS×L]. KRS represents the number of reference signal (RS) resource elements contained in a minimum pilot pattern unit, and L represents the number of symbols used for channel estimation in the time domain.

[0114] w is the Wiener filter coefficient matrix with dimensions [Kdata×KRS], which is obtained by extracting the corresponding KRS column coefficients from the stored Wiener filter coefficient matrix with dimensions [Kdata×Kdata], where Kdata represents the total number of data REs that need to be estimated for channel within a resource block or subband.

[0115] H represents the final output full-bandwidth channel estimation result, with dimensions [Kdata×L].

[0116] In this implementation, low-complexity channel estimation that accurately matches the pilot pattern structure is achieved by jointly dynamically indexing the Wiener filter coefficients using P and Np. Compared to traditional fixed filters or general interpolation methods, this scheme significantly improves channel estimation accuracy without increasing the online computational burden, especially in frequency-selective fading or low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios.

[0117] It should be noted that existing pilot pattern design methods can affect the compatibility of the receiver (especially mature chips or standardized channel estimation modules) and subsequent processing procedures. All pilot patterns generated in this application strictly adhere to predefined structured rules and ensure complete compatibility with subsequent physical layer processing procedures.

[0118] In one embodiment of this application, to reduce signaling overhead and improve handover efficiency, the first communication node, upon receiving a pilot pattern handover request signal, may not send an acknowledgment signal to the second communication node. Instead, it may directly generate and apply a new pilot pattern according to the (P, Np) combination specified in the request, and transmit downlink signals using this new pilot pattern starting from the next valid subframe. Correspondingly, the second communication node confirms whether the first communication node has switched by measuring DMRS using the corresponding pilot pattern.

[0119] In one embodiment of this application, in order to further improve the flexibility of pilot configuration, a configurable time-domain pilot pattern can be introduced on the basis of the above-mentioned frequency-domain pilot pattern design scheme, which breaks through the limitation of the existing system that only supports a limited number of fixed DMRS time-domain position modes.

[0120] Specifically, each communication node can autonomously define the position of the DMRS within the time-domain OFDM symbol. To this end, a 14-bit DMRS symbol position control word is introduced, denoted as B_DMRS=[b0,b1,…,b13], where each bit bk corresponds to the k-th OFDM symbol within a subframe, k∈[0,1,…,13]. If bk=0, it indicates that the symbol is used to transmit data or other control information; if bk=1, it indicates that the symbol is configured as a DMRS symbol.

[0121] The implementation process of the pilot pattern design method for wireless ad hoc networks described in this application will be explained in detail below with specific embodiments of typical application scenarios.

[0122] Please see Figure 9 The diagram shows the working principle of the two-way negotiation mechanism in one embodiment of this application.

[0123] Example 1: A pilot pattern dynamic switching scheme in broadband mode. The specific process is as follows:

[0124] S11. In subframe sfn-1, the second communication node calculates and obtains full-bandwidth channel quality information based on the received signal sent by the first communication node, and determines whether the pilot pattern currently in use needs to be adjusted based on the full-bandwidth channel quality information.

[0125] S12. If it is determined that a pilot pattern switch is needed, the second communication node sends a pilot pattern switch request signal to the first communication node in subframe sfn. After receiving the request signal, the first communication node returns an acknowledgment signal to the second communication node. The acknowledgment signal includes at least the pilot pattern selection control word P_wideband and the minimum number of resource blocks occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain control word Np_wideband. Starting from the next valid subframe, the first communication node uses the new pilot pattern uniquely determined by P_wideband and Np_wideband for downlink signal transmission. After receiving the acknowledgment signal in subframe sfn+k, the second communication node synchronously uses the new pilot pattern uniquely determined by P_wideband and Np_wideband for signal demodulation from subsequent subframes.

[0126] S13. If it is determined that no adjustment is needed, the pilot pattern configuration in the current subframe sfn-1 remains unchanged.

[0127] Example 2: Dynamic switching of pilot patterns in subband mode. The specific process is as follows:

[0128] S21. In subframe sfn-1, the second communication node obtains the channel quality information of each sub-bandwidth and determines whether the pilot pattern currently used needs to be adjusted based on the channel quality information of each sub-bandwidth.

[0129] S22. If it is determined that a pilot pattern switch is needed, then in subframe sfn, the second communication node sends a pilot pattern switch request signal to the first communication node. After receiving the request signal, the first communication node returns an acknowledgment signal to the second communication node. The acknowledgment signal includes at least the pilot pattern selection control word P_subband and the minimum number of resource blocks occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain control word Np_subband. Starting from the next valid subframe, the first communication node uses the new pilot pattern uniquely determined by P_subband and Np_subband for downlink signal transmission. After receiving the acknowledgment signal in subframe sfn+k, the second communication node synchronously uses the new pilot pattern uniquely determined by P_subband and Np_subband for signal demodulation from subsequent subframes.

[0130] S23. If it is determined that no adjustment is needed, the pilot pattern configuration in the current subframe sfn-1 remains unchanged.

[0131] Please see Figure 10 The diagram shown illustrates the working principle of the two-way negotiation mechanism in another embodiment of this application.

[0132] Example 3: Another dynamic switching of pilot patterns in broadband mode. The specific process is as follows:

[0133] S31. In subframe sfn-1, the second communication node acquires the full bandwidth channel quality information and determines whether the currently used pilot pattern needs adjustment based on the full bandwidth channel quality information. Simultaneously, it maps the pilot pattern selection control word P_wideband.

[0134] S32. If it is determined that the pilot pattern needs to be switched, then in subframe sfn, the second communication node sends a pilot pattern switching request signal to the first communication node, and waits for the first communication node to send a signal for measurement in the subsequent m subframe windows.

[0135] After receiving the handover request from the second communication node, the first communication node selects the pilot pattern corresponding to P_wideband as the reference signal pattern for subsequent subframes. Assuming that within a waiting time window of m subframes, the second communication node receives the signal from the first communication node at subframe sfn+k and, using the new pilot pattern, confirms that the first communication node has switched its pilot pattern, then the demodulated signal of the pilot pattern is changed in subsequent subframes. If it cannot be confirmed within the time window whether the first communication node has switched its pilot pattern, the second communication node resends the pilot pattern handover request to the first communication node in subsequent subframe sfm.

[0136] S23. If it is determined that no adjustment is needed, the pilot pattern configuration in the current subframe sfn-1 remains unchanged.

[0137] It should be noted that the scope of protection of the pilot pattern design method for wireless ad hoc networks described in the embodiments of this application is not limited to the order of steps listed in this embodiment. Any scheme implemented by adding, subtracting, or replacing steps in the prior art based on the principles of this application is included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0138] Please see Figure 11 The image shown is a schematic diagram of a pilot pattern design device for a wireless ad hoc network according to an embodiment of this application.

[0139] like Figure 11 As shown, this application provides a pilot pattern design device for wireless ad hoc networks, the device comprising:

[0140] The request instruction generation module is used to generate a pilot pattern switching request signal by the second communication node based on the channel quality information of the communication link, and send the pilot pattern switching request signal to the first communication node.

[0141] The pilot reconfiguration module is used to send a request confirmation response signal to the second communication node after the first communication node receives the pilot pattern switching request signal, and to map a new pilot pattern based on the request confirmation response signal. The time domain position of the new pilot pattern remains unchanged according to the original protocol, and the frequency domain starting offset is calculated by the control word in the request confirmation response signal.

[0142] It should be noted that the structure and principle of the request instruction generation module and pilot reconfiguration module described in this embodiment correspond one-to-one with the steps in the pilot pattern design method for wireless ad hoc networks described above, so they will not be repeated here.

[0143] Please see Figure 12 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal according to an embodiment of this application.

[0144] like Figure 12 As shown, this application provides a terminal, including:

[0145] The memory is used to store computer programs;

[0146] A processor, the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory, so as to cause the terminal to perform any of the methods described above.

[0147] like Figure 12 As shown, the terminal of this application is presented in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of the terminal may include, but are not limited to: a memory for storing computer programs; one or more processors for executing the computer programs stored in the memory to cause the terminal to perform any of the methods described above; and a bus connecting different system components (including memory and processing units).

[0148] A bus refers to one or more of several bus architectures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processor, or a local bus using any of the various bus architectures. Examples of these architectures include, but are not limited to, the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, the Micro Channel Architecture (MAC) bus, the Enhanced ISA bus, the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0149] Terminals typically include various computer system-readable media. These media can be any available media that can be accessed by the terminal, including volatile and non-volatile media, and removable and non-removable media.

[0150] The memory may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The terminal may further include other removable / non-removable, volatile / non-volatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, the storage system may be used to read and write non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media (…). Figure 12 Not shown; usually referred to as a "hard drive"). Although Figure 12 As not shown, a disk drive for reading and writing to a removable non-volatile disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading and writing to a removable non-volatile optical disk (e.g., a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to a bus via one or more data media interfaces. The memory may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules configured to perform the functions of the embodiments of this application.

[0151] A program / utility having a set (at least one) of program modules can be stored, for example, in memory. Such program modules include, but are not limited to, an operating system, one or more applications, other program modules, and program data. Each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment. The program modules typically perform the functions and / or methods described in the embodiments of this application.

[0152] The terminal can also communicate with one or more external devices (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display, etc.), one or more devices that enable user interaction with the terminal, and / or any device that enables the terminal to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., network interface card, modem, etc.). This communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interfaces. Furthermore, the terminal can communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) via a network adapter. Figure 12 As shown, the network adapter communicates with other modules of the terminal via a bus. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with the terminal, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0153] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, or methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules / units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or units may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of apparatuses or modules or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0154] The modules / units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules / units may or may not be physical modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules / units can be selected to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of this application, depending on actual needs. For example, the functional modules / units in the various embodiments of this application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module / unit may exist physically separately, or two or more modules / units may be integrated into one module / unit.

[0155] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0156] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the methods described in any of the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing a processor. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which is a non-transitory medium, such as random access memory, read-only memory, flash memory, hard disk, solid-state drive, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical disk, and any combination thereof. The storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state disk (SSD)).

[0157] The descriptions of the processes or structures corresponding to the above figures each have their own emphasis. For parts of a process or structure that are not described in detail, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other processes or structures.

[0158] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A pilot pattern design method for wireless ad hoc networks, characterized in that, The wireless ad hoc network includes at least a first communication node and a second communication node, and a communication link is established between the first communication node and the second communication node; the method includes: S100: The second communication node generates a pilot pattern switching request signal based on the channel quality information of the communication link, and sends the pilot pattern switching request signal to the first communication node. S200: After receiving the pilot pattern switching request signal, the first communication node sends a request confirmation response signal to the second communication node, and maps a new pilot pattern based on the request confirmation response signal. The time domain position of the new pilot pattern remains unchanged according to the original protocol, and the frequency domain starting offset is calculated by the control word in the request confirmation response signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the second communication node generates the pilot pattern switching request signal, the method further includes: Obtain the channel quality information of the communication link; Based on the channel quality information, determine whether the pilot pattern used for channel estimation of the communication link in the current subframe needs to be adjusted; If adjustments are needed, S100 and S200 are executed to obtain the new pilot pattern, and the new pilot pattern is used for signal transmission in subsequent subframes. If no adjustment is needed, the pilot pattern configuration in the current subframe will remain unchanged.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The request confirmation response signal includes at least the following control fields: Pilot pattern selection control word, used to indicate the selection of a specific pilot pattern from multiple predefined pilot patterns; The pilot pattern's minimum number of resource blocks in the frequency domain is controlled by a word that specifies the minimum unit of frequency resource allocation for the pilot pattern. The pilot pattern selection control word and the minimum number of resource blocks occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain together determine the structure of the new pilot pattern.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: After receiving the request confirmation response signal, the second communication node uses the new pilot pattern to perform channel estimation; The second communication node uses the new pilot pattern for channel estimation, including: The received signal at the pilot location is processed using the least squares method to obtain the initial channel estimate. Based on the pilot pattern, select the control word and the control word that occupies the minimum number of resource blocks in the frequency domain of the pilot pattern, and dynamically index the corresponding Wiener filter coefficient matrix from the pre-stored Wiener filter coefficient table; The initial channel estimate is interpolated using the Wiener filter coefficient matrix to obtain the channel estimate result for the full bandwidth resource unit.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain the node identifier of the first communication node; Based on the node identifier and the control word for the minimum number of resource blocks occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain, calculate the frequency domain starting offset of the new pilot pattern; The formula for calculating the frequency domain starting offset is as follows: Vshift = mod (MID, 12×(NP+1)); In the formula, MID is the node identifier of the first communication node, NP is the minimum resource block number control word occupied by the pilot pattern in the frequency domain, and Vshift is the frequency domain start offset.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The methods for obtaining channel quality information of the communication link include: Configure the transmission and reception mode of the signals transmitted in the communication link; the transmission and reception mode is either wideband mode or subband mode. If the transmit / receive mode is the broadband mode, then full-bandwidth channel quality information is generated based on the signals transmitted in the communication link; If the transmit / receive mode is the sub-band mode, then sub-bandwidth channel quality information is generated based on the signals transmitted in the communication link.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: When the full bandwidth channel quality information is used, the pilot pattern selection control word is a single value, which is used to indicate the pilot pattern uniformly applied across the full bandwidth. When the sub-bandwidth channel quality information is used, the pilot pattern selection control word is a vector containing multiple elements, denoted as P=[P1, P2, P3, ..., PM]. Any element Pi corresponds to the pilot pattern selection control word used in the i-th sub-band, where i∈[1,2,3,...,M], and M is the total number of sub-bands configured by the system.

8. A pilot pattern design device for wireless ad hoc networks, characterized in that, The wireless ad hoc network includes at least a first communication node and a second communication node, and a communication link is established between the first communication node and the second communication node; the device includes: The request instruction generation module is used to generate a pilot pattern switching request signal by the second communication node based on the channel quality information of the communication link, and send the pilot pattern switching request signal to the first communication node. The pilot reconfiguration module is used to send a request confirmation response signal to the second communication node after the first communication node receives the pilot pattern switching request signal, and to map a new pilot pattern based on the request confirmation response signal. The time domain position of the new pilot pattern remains unchanged according to the original protocol, and the frequency domain starting offset is calculated by the control word in the request confirmation response signal.

9. A terminal, characterized in that, include: The memory is used to store computer programs; A processor for executing a computer program stored in the memory to cause the terminal to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

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